Passive Leisure Time Research Articles

Vztah preferovaných volnočasových aktivit a tvořivosti u českých adolescentů

The theme of the study is to analyze the relationship between leisure activities and creativity in the population of Czech adolescents aged 13-15 years. Prague respondents (N = 398, eighth grade pupils and first-year students of a six-year grammar school) completed two tests of creativity. The first one former was the Torrance Test of Incomplete Figures examining nonverbal creativity, the latter was the original Monkey test examining verbal creativity by writing a short story about a picture. The results of the verbal and nonverbal test of creativity were confronted with the leisure time activities of the respondents. In the case of creative activities and creativity tests, a relation was found by explorative factor analysis, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and Pearson´s correlation coefficient. Furthermore, a positive relation was found between creative leisure time activities and the nonverbal factor and even in the case of verbal factor of creativity (r=0.149 and r=0.161; p<0.01). A positive relation was found between social leisure time activities and verbal factor of creativity among students of grammar school (r=0.143). A negative relation was also found between passive leisure time activities and verbal factor of creativity (r=-0.101; p<0.05). The type of school explained almost 12 % variance of measured creativity in the Torrance Test, gender explained 2 %. Students of grammar schools scored in both creativity tests significantly higher than primary school pupils. Further, gender differences were found in both creativity tests while girls scored significantly higher than boys.

Disability and Patterns of Leisure Participation Across the Life Course.

Patterns of healthy leisure are dependent upon age, but people with disabilities are particularly susceptible to passive and disengaged types of activities. This study evaluates how individuals with disabilities spend their time in passive, active, social, and isolated forms of leisure over the life course, and how these patterns vary by age. I analyze nationally representative data from 70,165 respondents ages 15 and older in the 2008, 2010, and 2012-2016 American Time Use Survey. Linear regression models estimate the association between disability and leisure time, net of self-rated health and sociodemographic controls. Interactions between age and disability are also evaluated, as well as the robustness of results by sensory, cognitive, physical, and multiple disability status. People with disabilities report significantly more, and poorer quality, leisure than people without disabilities. This includes more than 2 hr more time in passive leisure as well as a disproportionate amount of isolated leisure spent at home, alone. These differences are not fully explained by health and sociodemographic controls. The isolated leisure time of people with disabilities is most different from people without disabilities in later life-whereas differences in total and passive leisure time, by disability status, are greatest in midlife. People with disabilities spend less time in health-promoting forms of leisure at all ages, but these patterns are unique across midlife and older age.

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ACTIVE AND PASSIVE RECREATIONAL CONSUMPTION HABITS OF DISABLED CHILDREN LIVING IN THE NORTHERN GREAT PLAIN REGION

In our research, we studied the leisure habits of students with disabilities (8-18 years, n = 289) living in the North Great Plain region using a questionnaire method. The aim of the research was to examine the leisure habits of children with disabilities in the region, their main characteristics, and their recreational attitudes. Our goal was also the gender test to see whether there was a significant difference between the sexes and how this correlated with the results of the study of leisure habits in the wild. We sought to find out what the most common leisure time activities for general and high school students with disabilities are, how does this affect genders? What is their attitude towards spending time on leisure? What are their sporting habits and sporting consumption? We have found that the recreational consumption of young people with disabilities is similar to the results of surveys carried among normal children as passive leisure time is dominant (listening to music, watching TV). In girls' leisure time, the preference for listening and reading is more dominant while watching TV, especially popular sports channels are more characteristic of boys. For leisure-time activities, staying fit, trying out new things, and community experience is crucial for young people with disabilities. Recreational sports prove to be popular, as more than 50% of both girls and boys say they are engaged in recreational sports.

Investigating the Relationship Between the Active and Passive Leisure Time with the Amount of Social Deviations of Male Students of Medical Universities of Iran

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between the way of spending, active and passive leisure time with a degree of social deviation of male students of medical universities of country. This research is scrolling, in terms of method, correlation, purpose and data collection method. The statistical population of this research includes male students of medical universities at the 13th sport Olympiad in Tabriz. The sample size required for the study was 351 people base on Cochran formula. This sample was distributed randomly among different students present at the Olympiad. Data gathering tools are Leisure time [1] and social deviations [2] questionnaires which are validated by supervisors, consultants and experts in the field of physical education management. Their reliability using the Cronbach’s alpha index was obtained 89% and 91% respectively. The collected data from spss software were analyzed by descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation) and inferential (variance analysis, non-parametric Kolmogorov-smirnov test, Pearson correlation). The research results indicate that, there is a positive correlation between active leisure variables (sport and recreational activities, tourism, art activities, hand craft and musical activities) and social deviation variables (theft, aggression, drugs, sexual issues, suicide and taking off). therefore, there is a meaningful relationship between these variables (significance factor less than 0/05). results show that there is a positive correlation between passive leisure variables (religious activities, social-political group activities, studies, media usage and educational classes) and social deviation variables (theft, aggression, drugs, sexual, suicide and taking off). (significance factor less than 0/05).

Experienced Subjective Well-Being During Physically Active and Passive Leisure Time Activities Among Adults Aged 65 Years and Older.

The encore years, or later life stages when adults enjoy health and free time, are the prime opportunity for leisure to maximize the overall quality of life. Physically active leisure is widely known to be linked to overall subjective well-being (SWB). However, experienced SWB or momentary emotion during active leisure as well as passive leisure has yet to be examined. Data were derived from the 2012/2013 American Time Use Survey Well-being modules. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to identify comparable matched samples of older adults. The PSM identified 211 older adults who reported a series of emotions (i.e., happy, meaningful, tired, sad, stressed, pain) during active leisure, and the comparable counterpart (n = 211) during passive leisure. Results from the Wilcoxon Rank Sum tests showed that active leisure was associated with greater levels of experienced happiness and meaningfulness, as well as with lower levels of sadness (p < .05). Physically active leisure is linked to greater levels of experienced SWB among older adults. Although more detailed roles of active and passive leisure for experienced SWB are yet to be verified, choices that older adults make in their free time may significantly impact their experienced SWB and, in turn, their overall quality of life. Aging and public health policies should enhance accessibility to active leisure to promote older adults' SWB.

Laisvalaikio ir darbo kokybinės indikacijos vertinimas

Objective – Rate the leisure time and work quality indications. Methods – Questionnaire survey. Relevance of the research. There are not many investigations related to psychosocial work characteristics and employees’ age. The majority of investigations are more focused on work characteristics and other variables, especially health, connections and more concentrating on their age; however they do not tend to focus on work characteristics and connections with demographic measures. Research aim was to reveal the leisure time and work quality indications and the influence of these indications in the relationship between leisure time and work time. There were 396 respondents in this investigation. Research results and conclusions. Analysis of scientific literature revealed that leisure time was defined and understood as free time from necessary activities. This time is dedicated to accommodate ones needs, also to widen the circle knowledge, develop skills and to improve both physical and spiritual status. Work is an absolutely obligatory part of the person’s life which takes a lot of person’s time. Essential indicators disclose the leisure time and work quality indications which consist of work characteristics, the environment and person’s identity module. The research confirmed that qualitative indications that determine leisure time and work quality are the following: improving personal abilities at work, physical, psychological and emotional efforts at work, given support at work if mistakes are made, work expectation satisfaction in the work activities, stress and regulation levels at work, work quality after leisure time, occurrence of free time after work, active and passive leisure time and its chosen form and time, enjoyable activities, thinking about work while having leisure time, leisure time with friends and family. The most important and highest rated are these indications: spending leisure time with friends or family, improving personal abilities at work, the support at work, productive leisure time, etc., the less important ones are stress, regulation and control while working, physical, psychological and emotional effort at work, etc. It is important to emphasize that today it is relevant to discover the balance between work and leisure time as this appropriate balance can be valued as a preventive tool to avoid harmful habits and the reason why essential health care expenses are minimised.

DISABILITY AND PATTERNS OF LEISURE PARTICIPATION ACROSS THE LIFE COURSE

OBJECTIVES Patterns of healthy leisure are dependent upon age, but people with disabilities are particularly susceptible to passive and disengaged types of activities. This study evaluates how individuals with disabilities spend their time in passive, active, social, and isolated forms of leisure over the life course, and how these patterns vary by age. METHOD I analyze nationally representative data from 70,165 respondents ages 15 and older in the 2008, 2010, and 2012-2016 American Time Use Survey. Linear regression models estimate the association between disability and leisure time, net of self-rated health and sociodemographic controls. Interactions between age and disability are also evaluated, as well as the robustness of results by sensory, cognitive, physical, and multiple disability status. RESULTS People with disabilities report significantly more, and poorer quality, leisure than people without disabilities. This includes more than 2 hr more time in passive leisure as well as a disproportionate amount of isolated leisure spent at home, alone. These differences are not fully explained by health and sociodemographic controls. The isolated leisure time of people with disabilities is most different from people without disabilities in later life-whereas differences in total and passive leisure time, by disability status, are greatest in midlife. DISCUSSION People with disabilities spend less time in health-promoting forms of leisure at all ages, but these patterns are unique across midlife and older age.

Leisure participation patterns and gender wage gap\u2014evidence from Chinese manufacturing industry

BackgroundThis paper aims at explaining the gender wage gap in the labor market from the perspective of leisure participation patterns between men and women. The traditional view is that time and effort spent in childbearing activities are the major sources of gender wage gap. Women, particularly in Chinese society, are the major career of children and share a large portion of housework, thus lacking time for the accumulation of human capital. This directly affects women’s employment status in the labor market as well as wage gaps with men.MethodsThis study empirically examines the within-job wage differences between men and women in the same occupation and establishment in relationship to their leisure participation patterns. Data were collected via time diary survey from “blue-collar” employees of a Chinese factory, producing parts for cars.ResultsThe results showed that differences of time allocation in social time and passive leisure time between men and women contribute to gender wage gap. The study also uncovered the hidden gender discrimination in a male-dominated society.ConclusionThis study calls for institutional arrangements by the Chinese government to acknowledge women’s need and rights in workplace.

The Influence of Exercise Training on Quality of Life and Psychosocial Functioning in Children with Congenital Heart Disease:A Review of Intervention Studies.

Children and adolescents operated upon for congenital heart disease may show reduced exercise capacity and physical activity, associated with lowered quality of life. This review presents intervention studies on the influence of an exercise program on quality of life and psychosocial functioning in children with severe congenital heart disease. Participation in an exercise program among young people with complex congenital heart disease seemed to have positive effects on quality of life and passive leisure time spent. However, more effects of the exercise programs may have been expected. For future research it is important to critically evaluate the content of the exercise programs.

Time Use, Disability, and Mobility of Older Americans

This study explored how disability, mobility, social and leisure engagement, and travel behavior influence older people’s life satisfaction. The study used the 2013 Disability and Use of Time data for people ages 50 years and older, many of whom reported physical impairments. The study developed a model that related life satisfaction with various time use, disability, and mobility variables. Summary statistics of time use showed that as people aged, they spent more time on solitary, passive leisure activities; social face-to-face time did not seem to change very much. Alone passive leisure time use was especially large for those who experienced a physical mobility-related disability and were carless. The study used an ordinal logistic regression and found that longer alone leisure time uses were associated with lower life satisfaction. Life satisfaction was positively affected by transportation variables, such as vehicle availability. The study also found that social face-to-face time use had a weak positive relationship with life satisfaction, and technology-mediated social activities had a strong negative relationship with life satisfaction.

H 011 Excess of Weight, Blood Pressure and Passive Leisure Time in Children

H 011 Excess of Weight, Blood Pressure and Passive Leisure Time in Children

According To Gender And Branch, Leisure Time Activities Of Students From Faculty Of Education (The Example Of Faculty Of Erzincan Education)

The purpose of this study is to compare students’ time usage for leisure ti- me activities according to their branch and sex. The data is collected from 1029 students who enrolled six different programs in Ataturk University, Faculty of Erzin- can Education in 2005-2006 academic years. Developed by researcher a questionnaire form is applied to collect the data. Findings from analyses revealed that the difference among time usage for leisure activities of students as to sex differs in respect of 10 active and six passive leisure time activities and does not differ in account of four active leisure time activities. In addition, it was found that the difference among time usage for leisure activities of the students as to branch differs relating to of six active and four passive activities, and does not differ as to eight active and two passive leisure time activities.

Physical activity in the prevention and treatment of obesity and its comorbidities: evidence report of independent panel to assess the role of physical activity in the treatment of obesity and its comorbidities.

Physical activity in the prevention and treatment of obesity and its comorbidities: evidence report of independent panel to assess the role of physical activity in the treatment of obesity and its comorbidities.

Changes in daily life experience associated with clinical improvement in depression

Changes in depressed outpatients' experience of daily activities after 6 weeks of antidepressant treatment were assessed with the experience sampling method (ESM). On the sickness impact profile, treatment responders ( HAM- D ≤ 7, n = 12) improved more than nonresponders ( n = 9) in the domains of household chores, leisure and social activities. On ESM measures completed 10 × each day for 6 days pre- and posttreatment, responders showed greater increases in time spent in chores and greater decreases in passive leisure time than nonresponders. Responders showed greater increases in positive affect and greater decreases in negative affect during all activities. Thus, ESM provides quantitative evidence of changes in real life time use and subjective experience accompanying clinical improvement.

Life before and after Stroke

Living conditions and life satisfaction before and after stroke were assessed in 80 patients with acute stroke (mean age 73 years). The results were compared with a general elderly population. Already prior to their stroke the patients had more health problems, lower functional ability, more passive leisure time and lower global life satisfaction. Low life satisfaction was associated with dependence in the activities of daily living (ADL). Economic resources, social network and psychiatric morbidity before stroke did not differ from the general elderly population. At 3 months of follow-up, almost half of the patients reported low life satisfaction, compared to only 2% in the national sample. Major depression and ADL dependence were associated with low life satisfaction after stroke. We conclude that much of the disability and handicap seen in stroke patients is present already before the stroke. Stroke-related deterioration of ADL performance, major depression and social disintegration after stroke interact to further reduce life satisfaction for the stroke victims and their families.

An Estimation of the Effects of Women's Work on Available Leisure Time

In this article we examine the leisure time expenditures of married women in the paid labor force. Our analysis delineates two categories of leisure activities (active and passive) that are differentially affected by women's work. Using the 1981 Time Use Study (Juster, Hill, Stafford, and Parsons, 1983), we estimate a path model of the amount of leisure time available to married women showing the effects of time spent in paid labor, age, number of children, and time spent on household labor on available leisure time. We estimate that women's responsibilities for paid work and unpaid household labor come at the expense of their leisure time. Paid work time has an estimated negative effect on both active and passive leisure time, while household labor time has an estimated direct negative effect on total leisure time. We speculate that because paid work and household tasks are requisite for most women today they must schedule leisure time around both activities.