Particle Swarm Optimization BP Research Articles

Design of Power Outage Monitoring and Warning System Based on Internet of Things

With the rapid development of distribution network and the high popularity of distributed generation, the research on risk assessment of distribution network is accelerated. When quantifying the degree of harm caused by abnormal situations, it is necessary to consider the severity of the harm and the impact on society to measure the severity of power failure and reduce the loss caused by power risk. To provide data support for the fine perception of the situation and its development trend, the monitoring system constructed by the power microservice further improves the ability and accuracy of sudden fault prediction. In this paper, through the monitoring system information to explore the transmission line fault early warning, the data analysis model is established. The particle swarm optimization algorithm and BP neural network are used to build the early warning model to predict the potential fault situation and cause analysis of the power grid under various indicators in a certain period in the future, which is to provide more scientific and reasonable risk management and control for the power grid. Through the statistical analysis of all kinds of information data collected by the power microservice, a power monitoring system based on early warning of power outage risk is established to enhance the operation adaptability of the power grid system under uncertain conditions and prevent the occurrence of tripping blackouts so that this study has an important function of intelligent decision-making. The experimental results show the feasibility and high efficiency of this study. The comparison of algorithm results shows that the performance of this method is improved by more than 10%. The stability is improved by 17%. The response time to various situations is shortened by 32% to judge the abnormal operation state of the power grid more efficiently. It can make emergency preparations in time, reduce the damage caused by accidents to the power grid and provide practical tools for the power grid to further enhance the disaster prevention ability of transmission equipment and effectively resist risk events.

Temperature compensation model for non-dispersive infrared CO2 gas sensor based on WOA-BP algorithm

Temperature compensation is the main measure to solve the problem that the detection accuracy of non-dispersive infrared CO2 gas sensor is affected by temperature. As the measurement accuracy of the non-dispersive infrared CO2 gas sensor is easily affected by the ambient temperature, this article analyzes the reasons why the sensor is affected by temperature, and proposes a temperature compensation method that integrates the Whale Algorithm (WOA) and BP neural network. The whale algorithm is used to optimize the weights and thresholds of the BP neural network to build a temperature compensation model for the non-dispersive infrared CO2 gas sensor and compare the superiority with the traditional BP neural network model and particle swarm optimization (PSO) BP neural network model. The experimental results show that the temperature compensation model error of WOA-BP algorithm is lower than 30 ppm, and the average absolute error percentage is 3.86%, which is far better than BP neural network and PSO-BP neural network, and effectively reduces the influence of temperature on the accuracy of the sensor.

A Novel Catheter Shape-Sensing Method Based on Deep Learning with a Multi-Core Optical Fiber.

In this paper, we propose a novel shape-sensing method based on deep learning with a multi-core optical fiber for the accurate shape-sensing of catheters and guidewires. Firstly, we designed a catheter with embedded multi-core fiber containing three sensing outer cores and one temperature compensation middle core. Then, we analyzed the relationship between the central wavelength shift, the curvature of the multi-core Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG), and temperature compensation methods to establish a Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) BP neural network-based catheter shape sensing method. Finally, experiments were conducted in both constant and variable temperature environments to validate the method. The average and maximum distance errors of the PSO-BP neural network were 0.57 and 1.33 mm, respectively, under constant temperature conditions, and 0.36 and 0.96 mm, respectively, under variable temperature conditions. This well-sensed catheter shape demonstrates the effectiveness of the shape-sensing method proposed in this paper and its potential applications in real surgical catheters and guidewire.

Hybrid machine learning-based prediction model for the bond strength of corroded Cr alloy-reinforced coral aggregate concrete

This study investigated the bond–slip behavior between newly developed Cr alloy steel bars and coral aggregate concrete (CAC) on the basis of experimental and hybrid machine learning. Several variable parameters were examined: (a) corrosion ratio, (b) diameter, (c) CAC strength, (d) anchorage length, and (e) relative protective layer thickness. Results showed that bond strength is positively correlated with relative protective layer thickness and CAC strength, whereas it is negatively correlated with diameter and anchorage length. The bond strength initially rose and subsequently fell as the corrosion ratio increased, with a critical threshold of 1%. The bond–slip curve of Cr–CAC had four stages: microslip, slip, declining, and residual stages. Additionally, the empirical, particle swarm optimization backpropagation (PSO-BP), BP, and support vector machine regression (SVR) models were evaluated using various performance evaluation metrics. The PSO-BP model outperformed the empirical, BP, and SVR models in all evaluation metrics. Compared with the PSO-BP model, the BP and SVR models had a 6.12% and 2.0% reduction in R2, 87.67% and 58.90% increase in root mean square error, 52.27% and 4.54% increase in mean absolute error, 254.72% and 152.83% increase in mean square error, and 76.52% and 52.22% increase in mean absolute percentage error, respectively. The PSO-BP model established in this research can quickly and accurately predict the bond strength of corroded Cr–CAC, providing a rapid assessment method for its application.

Photovoltaic MPPT algorithm based on adaptive particle swarm optimization neural-fuzzy control

Since the BP neural network has poor performance and unstable learning rate in the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm of photovoltaic (PV) system, an adaptive particle swarm optimization BP neural network-fuzzy control PV MPPT algorithm (APSO-BP-FLC) is proposed in this paper. First, the inertia weight, learning factor and acceleration factor of particle swarm optimization (PSO) are self-updating, and the mutation operator is adopted to initialize the position of each particle. Second, the APSO algorithm is used to update the optimal weight threshold of BP neural network, where the input layer is irradiation and temperature, and the output layer is the maximum power point (MPP) voltage. Third, the fuzzy logical control (FLC) is employed to adjust the duty cycle of Boost converter. The inputs of FLC are voltage difference and duty ratio D(n-1) at the previous time, and the output is duty ratio D(n). Moreover, D(n-1) is optimized by |dP/dU| to improve the search range of FLC. The irradiation, temperature and MPP voltage of PV cell are adopted as the datasets for simulation in a city in Shaanxi province, China. Simulation results show that the proposed MPPT algorithm is superior to the APSO-BP, FLC and perturbation and observation (P&O) algorithm with tracking performance, steady state oscillation rate and efficiency. In addition, the efficiency of proposed MPPT algorithm is improved by 0.37%, 6.2%, and 6.8% as compared to APSO-BP, FLC and P&O algorithm.

Retracted] Key Technologies of Face Sensor Recognition Entry System for New Energy Vehicles Based on Particle Swarm Neural Network

In order to solve the problem of high dimensionality and low recognition rate caused by complex calculation in face recognition, the author proposes a face recognition algorithm based on weighted DWT and DCT based on particle swarm neural network applied to new energy vehicles. The algorithm first decomposes the face image with wavelet transform, removes the influence of the diagonal component, the weighted low‐frequency and high‐frequency discrete cosine transform coefficients are extracted as feature vectors, and finally, the particle swarm optimization BP neural network is used for classification and identification. Experimental results show that when the wavelet weights take a0 = 0.9, a1 = 0.05, and a2 = 0.05, the recognition rate reaches the highest. Regardless of whether the low‐frequency component continues to increase or decrease, and the high‐frequency component continues to decrease or increase, the recognition rate will decrease. When the eigenvector dimension is around 60, the recognition rate difference between the weighted wavelet algorithm and the general low‐frequency wavelet algorithm reaches the maximum. The recognition rate of the proposed algorithm is much higher than the other two traditional algorithms. Conclusion. The effectiveness and feasibility of the algorithm are verified on the ORL face database.

Fault Diagnosis Algorithm of Transformer and Circuit Breaker in Traction Power Supply System Based on IoT

Transformers and circuit breakers are essential equipment in traction power supply systems. Once a fault occurs, it will affect the train’s regular operation and even threaten passengers’ personal safety. Therefore, it is essential to diagnose the faults of the transformers and circuit breakers of the traction power supply system. At present, power companies have made many achievements in fault diagnosis of power equipment, but there are still problems with real-time and accuracy. The Internet of Things (IoT) is a technology that connects different types of terminal devices for information exchange and communication to achieve intelligence. It includes data acquisition and transmission, information interaction, processing, and decision-making from bottom to top. It uses sensor terminals to obtain real-time status information on electrical equipment. Moreover, it conducts real-time monitoring and intelligent processing of the equipment status of the traction power supply system. In this paper, the multi-data fusion technology of the IoT combines the real-time information of electrical equipment with fault diagnosis to realize the fault diagnosis of transformers and circuit breakers. First, we built an equipment fault diagnosis system based on the multi-terminal data fusion technology of the IoT. Secondly, the transformer fault diagnosis model is established. We adopt the BP neural network algorithm based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) to realize transformer fault diagnosis and use PSO to optimize the feature subset to improve the diagnosis performance. Finally, the fault diagnosis model of the vacuum circuit breaker is established. We select the current change and time node as typical fault feature quantities and use the PSO–BP neural network algorithm to realize the fault diagnosis of the circuit breaker.

A fault diagnosis method of rolling element bearing based on improved PSO and BP neural network

Aiming at the inherent defects of BP neural network in the field of rolling bearing fault diagnosis, based on the optimization of particle swarm optimization algorithm, this paper uses a variety of optimization strategies to optimize the particle swarm optimization algorithm, and then uses the optimized particle swarm optimization algorithm to optimize the BP neural network. Therefore, a new fault diagnosis method (Dual Strategy Particle Swarm Optimization BP neural network, DSPSOBP) is proposed. DSPSOBP fault diagnosis method is mainly divided into two steps. The first step is EMD decomposition of vibration signal, and the second step is to classify rolling bearing faults by using BP neural network optimized by Double Strategy Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm. Experiments show that DSPSOBP has stronger advantages than BP neural network basic fault diagnosis model.

Identification of Vibration Signal for Residual Pressure Utilization Hydraulic Unit Using MRFO-BP Neural Network

Combined with wavelet threshold denoising and Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition (EEMD) decomposition, an identification method based on Manta Ray Foraging Optimization-BP (MRFO-BP) neural network for vibration signals of residual pressure utilization hydraulic units is proposed to distinguish the vibration signal of each unit. The feature vectors of vibration signals are extracted by wavelet denoising and EEMD decomposition. The weights and thresholds in BP neural network are optimized by the MRFO algorithm. The feature vectors are input into the optimized BP neural network to realize the identification and classification of vibration signals. Compared with Particle Swarm Optimization-BP (PSO-BP) neural network, Bat Algorithm-BP (BA-BP) neural network, and BP neural network, the results show that the identification rate of each measuring point from the MRFO-BP neural network is greatly improved. The average identification rate of other measuring points is 98.514%, except the identification rate of the generator, which is 85.389%. Therefore, the MRFO-BP neural network has better stability and higher identification accuracy and can identify and classify vibration signals more accurately. The conclusions can provide theoretical basis for vibration signals identification of residual pressure utilization hydraulic unit. When the vibration signal of each unit cannot be clearly distinguished, the vibration signals of the units are identified by the method proposed in this paper. According to the obtained results, a feasible classification method can be provided for the vibration signals belonging to different units.

Using Genetic Algorithm and Particle Swarm Optimization BP Neural Network Algorithm to Improve Marine Oil Spill Prediction

Using Genetic Algorithm and Particle Swarm Optimization BP Neural Network Algorithm to Improve Marine Oil Spill Prediction

Application of PSO-BPNN-PID Controller in Nutrient Solution EC Precise Control System: Applied Research.

In this paper, we present a nutrient solution control system, designing a nutrient solution electrical conductivity (EC) sensing system composed of multiple long-range radio (LoRa) slave nodes, narrow-band Internet of Things (NB-IoT) master nodes, and a host computer, building a nutrient solution EC control model and using the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm to optimize the initial weights of a back-propagation neural network (BPNN). In addition, the optimized best weights are put into the BPNN to adjust the proportional–integral–derivative (PID) control parameters Kp, Ki, and Kd so that the system performance index can be optimized. Under the same initial conditions, we input EC = 2 mS/cm and use the particle swarm optimization BP neural network PID (PSO-BPNN-PID) to control the EC target value of the nutrient solution. The optimized scale factors were Kp = 81, Ki = 0.095, and Kd = 0.044; the steady state time was about 43 s, the overshoot was about 0.14%, and the EC value was stable at 1.9997 mS/cm–2.0027 mS/cm. Compared with the BP neural network PID (BPNN-PID) and the traditional PID control approach, the results show that PSO-BPNN-PID had a faster response speed and higher accuracy. Furthermore, we input 1 mS/cm, 1.5 mS/cm, 2 mS/cm, and 2.5 mS/cm, respectively, and simulated and verified the PSO-BPNN-PID system model. The results showed that the fluctuation range of EC was 0.003 mS/cm~0.119 mS/cm, the steady-state time was 40 s~60 s, and the overshoot was 0.3%~0.14%, which can meet the requirements of the rapid and accurate integration of water and fertilizer in agricultural production.

Design and Application of a Financial Distress Early Warning Model Based on Data Reasoning and Pattern Recognition

Since the 1990s, emerging market financial crises have occurred frequently, causing huge damage to the real economy, and if we cannot find effective means of early warning and prevention of financial crises, the entire international economy and society will bear the high costs of crisis management. Difference nonparametric test and Spearman nonparametric correlation analysis were carried out with cash flow financial data, and 14 financial indicators with strong discriminant ability were selected from 28 financial indicators as the input variables of the model. Due to the limitations of traditional statistical methods, a BP neural network financial distress early warning model is established. Finally, a particle swarm optimization BP neural network financial early warning model is established for the shortcomings of the BP network. These 14 indicators can have strong information timeliness. The prediction accuracy rates of the two early warning models for the test samples are 80% and 85%, respectively. The empirical results show that the two models have good prediction effects. The prediction effect of the swarm optimization BP neural network model is better than that of the BP neural network model. Therefore, the particle swarm optimization BP neural network model proposed in this paper is suitable for solving the problem of discrimination and prediction of the financial distress of enterprises. The company’s financial distress early warning has good application prospects and application value. Therefore, it has very important research significance for the early warning of the corporate financial crisis.

Prediction of the Height of Fractured Water-Conducting Zone Based on the Improved Cuckoo Search Algorithm–Extreme Learning Machine Model

The research aims to improve prediction accuracy for heights of fractured water-conducting zones (FWCZs) and effectively prevent and control roof water disasters, to ensure safe coal mining. For this purpose, the method that integrates the improved cuckoo search (ICS) algorithm and extreme learning machine (ELM) is used to predict heights of FWCZs. Based on an analysis of factors influencing FWCZs, the ICS algorithm is employed to optimize two key parameters of the ELM model, the input weight ѡ and the bias b of hidden elements, thus establishing the ICS–ELM model for predicting the height of the FWCZ. The ICS–ELM model is trained using 42 measured samples, and the trained model is employed to predict the remaining six sample data points. The obtained prediction results show a relative error of only 3.97% and are more consistent with the actual situation. To verify the effectiveness of the model, the prediction results are compared with those of the adaptive particle swarm optimization based least squares support vector machine (APSO–LSSVM) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) based backpropagation (PSO–BP) models. The average relative errors of the two models are 8.21 and 9.75%, respectively, which further proves that the ICS–ELM model improves the accuracy of prediction results for heights of FWCZs. The heights of FWCZs predicted using the model are accurate and reliable, and the accuracy meets the requirements of engineering practice.

Risk Prediction and Response Strategies in Corporate Financial Management Based on Optimized BP Neural Network

This paper mainly analyzes the theories related to the financial risk of the company and combines the principles of principal component analysis, particle swarm optimization algorithm, and artificial neural network to derive the financial risk index system of the company. To improve the accuracy of financial risk prediction, principal component analysis and particle swarm algorithm are applied to optimize the BP neural network model, the input data of the prediction model is improved, and the optimal initial weights and thresholds are given to the BP neural network by using particle swarm algorithm search, whereby the financial risk prediction model of particle swarm optimization BP neural network is constructed. The empirical results show that the model constructed by BP neural network not only has a high accuracy rate for static financial risk evaluation but also has a better prediction effect. After training and testing, the BP neural network-based enterprise financial risk evaluation model can accurately determine the existing financial situation of enterprise financial management and has a good prediction effect. Our research method is a fusion of the processing of the two methods, which belongs to the first integration of results.

Research on Residual Strength Prediction Model of Corroded Pipeline Based on Improved PSO-BP

In this paper, an improved particle swarm optimization (PSO) BP neural network model is proposed. For standard particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSO) is the "premature" and lack of diversity in the late, this paper puts forward an improved particle swarm optimization algorithm (IPSO), using the improved particle swarm optimization algorithm to optimize the BP neural network, which improves the learning ability of the BP neural network and accelerates its convergence speed. The IPSO-BPNN prediction model was constructed by using the BP neural network optimized by improved particle swarm optimization, and was applied to the prediction of residual strength of corroded pipeline. The experiment was carried out by the real pipeline test blasting data set. The results show that the prediction accuracy of IPSO-BPNN is better than that of BPNN and PSO-BPNN.

Optimization of Online Teaching Quality Evaluation Model Based on Hierarchical PSO-BP Neural Network

In the evaluation of teaching quality, aiming at the shortcomings of slow convergence of BP neural network and easy to fall into local optimum, an online teaching quality evaluation model based on analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and particle swarm optimization BP neural network (PSO-BP) is proposed. Firstly, an online teaching quality evaluation system was established by using the analytic hierarchy process to determine the weight of each subsystem and each index in the online teaching quality evaluation system and then combined with actual experience, the risk value of each index was constructed according to safety regulations. The regression model is established through BP neural network, and the weight and threshold of the model are optimized by the particle swarm algorithm. Based on the online teaching quality evaluation model of BP neural network, the parameters of the model are constantly adjusted, the appropriate function is selected, and the particle swarm algorithm which is used in the training and learning process of the neural network is optimized. The scientificity of the questionnaire was verified by reliability and validity test. According to the scoring results and combined with the weight coefficient of each indicator in the online course quality evaluation index system, the key factors affecting the quality of online courses were obtained. Based on the survey data, descriptive statistics, analysis of variance, and Pearson’s correlation coefficient method are used to verify the research hypothesis and obtain valuable empirical results. By comparing the model with the standard BP model, the results show that the accuracy of the PSO-BP model is higher than that of the standard BP model and PSO-BP effectively overcomes the shortcomings of the BP neural network.

Remaining Useful Life Prediction and Fault Diagnosis of Rolling Bearings Based on Short-Time Fourier Transform and Convolutional Neural Network

Rolling bearings play a pivotal role in rotating machinery. The remaining useful life prediction and fault diagnosis of bearings are crucial to condition-based maintenance. However, traditional data-driven methods usually require manual extraction of features, which needs rich signal processing theory as support and is difficult to control the efficiency. In this study, a bearing remaining life prediction and fault diagnosis method based on short-time Fourier transform (STFT) and convolutional neural network (CNN) has been proposed. First, the STFT was adopted to construct time-frequency maps of the unprocessed original vibration signals that can ensure the true and effective recovery of the fault characteristics in vibration signals. Then, the training time-frequency maps were used as an input of the CNN to train the network model. Finally, the time-frequency maps of testing signals were inputted into the network model to complete the life prediction or fault identification of rolling bearings. The rolling bearing life-cycle datasets from the Intelligent Management System were applied to verify the proposed life prediction method, showing that its accuracy reaches 99.45%, and the prediction effect is good. Multiple sets of validation experiments were conducted to verify the proposed fault diagnosis method with the open datasets from Case Western Reserve University. Results show that the proposed method can effectively identify the fault classification and the accuracy can reach 95.83%. The comparison with the fault diagnosis classification effects of backpropagation (BP) neural network, particle swarm optimization-BP, and genetic algorithm-BP further proves its superiority. The proposed method in this paper is proved to have strong ability of adaptive feature extraction, life prediction, and fault identification.

Fault Diagnosis of High-Power Tractor Engine Based on Competitive Multiswarm Cooperative Particle Swarm Optimizer Algorithm

With the rapid development of high-power tractor, the fault diagnosis of high-power tractor has become more and more important for ensuring the operating safety and efficiency. PSO is an iterative optimization evolutionary algorithm, which can iterate through different particles to find the optimal solution. However, there is only one population in the standard PSO algorithm, and the information exchange between the populations is relatively single, which can easily lead to the stagnation of the development of the population. In this paper, due to high-power tractor diesel engine fault complexity, fault correlation, and multifault concurrency, a multigroup coevolution particle swarm optimization BP neural network for diesel engine fault diagnosis method was proposed. First, the USB-CAN device was used to collect data of 8 items of the diesel engine under five different working conditions, and the data was parsed through the SAE J1939 protocol; then, the BP neural network was reconstructed, and a competitive multiswarm cooperative particle swarm optimizer algorithm (COM-MCPSO) was used to optimize its structure and weights. Finally, the data of optimized neural network under five different fault conditions show that, compared with BP neural network and PSO optimized BP neural network, the fault diagnosis of COM-MCPSO optimized BP neural network not only improves the network training speed, but also enhances generalization ability and improves recognition accuracy.

Energy Consumption Prediction Model of SiCp/Al Composite in Grinding Based on PSO-BP Neural Network

As the typical particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composite, SiCp/Al composite has low density, high elastic modulus and high thermal conductivity, and is one of the most competitive metal matrix composites. Grinding is the main processing technique of SiCp/Al composite, energy consumption of the grinding process provides guidance for the energy saving, which is the aim of green manufacturing. In this paper, grinding experiments were designed and conducted to obtain the energy consumption of the grinding machine tool. The Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) BP neural network prediction model was applied in the energy consumption prediction model of SiCp/Al composite in grinding. It showed that the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) BP neural network prediction model has high prediction accuracy. The prediction model of energy consumption based on PSO-BP neural network is helpful in energy saving, which contributes to greening manufacturing.

Application of particle swarm optimization BP neural network algorithm in image compression

In order to overcome the problems of weak global search ability, slow convergence speed and easy to fall into local minima in the process of image compression of BP neural network model, an image compression model based on particle swarm optimization algorithm and improved BP algorithm is proposed. In this model, a group of optimal approximate solutions of weights and thresholds of BP network are obtained through global search of particle swarm optimization according to objective function, and then the approximate solution is taken as the initial value of BP model, and the improved BP algorithm is used to conduct quadratic optimization training on these weights and thresholds to obtain the final image compression model. The experimental results show that with the same error accuracy, the quality of model compressed image reconstruction based on particle swarm BP neural network algorithm is significantly higher than that of BP and improved BP algorithm models.