Participatory Action Research Articles

Eco-Friendly OTOP Production for Sustainable Society: A case study of Thailand

The government of Thailand launched the OTOP program as a grassroots economic development strategy in 2001, and it has been functioned nationwide. However, some instances of environmental pollution occurred over a decade due to human activities. This research aimed to develop an environmental education strategy that enhance eco-friendly production and respond to the sustainability concept. The participatory action and survey research were applied. The policy makers and key informants were the target groups of this study namely; 10 policy executives, 25 entrepreneurs, and 20 OTOP representatives, meanwhile, structured-questionnaire was applied among 411 consumers. The results showed that the awareness level for pollution problems and participation in environmental conservation activities among the stakeholders were high. Majority of participants have high level of knowledge, attitude, skills and practices on eco-friendly production. The strategy based on sufficiency economy philosophy was developed, whereas four strategies with specific goals, measures, and 19 associated projects included. Expert evaluation and quality assessment were carried out, and showed that the strategy is highly rated in terms of satisfaction and confidence. As recommendations, the government agencies and stakeholders should promote targeted education and awareness programs about integrated eco-friendly OTOP production. Comprehensive learning centers, integrated budgets, initiatives for green marketing and communication strategies should be encouraged. Further in-depth research should be conducted for creative OTOP and green products to get better understanding about the overall market dynamics and respond to the sustainable concept of society.

La formación inicial del profesor para la ciudadanía en una universidad pública del Perú

Being a teacher today has regained new importance in the formation of citizens. On one hand, we want individuals who are critical and committed to their time, and for this, it is essential to understand the world we live in, to position ourselves within these new contexts of change and regulations. We are participants in the global and national crises, migration and its integration issues, as well as the political, economic, social, and cultural tensions of each region—factors that should enable us to provide responses in educational settings through critical reflection and participatory action. This academic work presents a qualitative and descriptive approach, arising from the analysis of documents related to the educational policy of our country: the General Education Law of Peru, the National Education Project, curricular plans, as well as the syllabus of the History and Geography degree program at a public university, with the aim of identifying, categorizing, and analyzing the subjects where citizenship-related issues are addressed, either explicitly or implicitly. Finally, after conducting a documentary analysis of the syllabus from the History and Geography degree program at a public university in Lima, we present a discussion of the findings and the respective conclusions. It is important to mention that, regarding teacher training for citizenship, there are various Peruvian studies that provide a complementary perspective on the gaps between the teacher training intended to be provided at universities and the development of social science subjects in schools.

Pendampingan Masyarakat Mengenai Pemanfaatan Tanaman TOGA sebagai Pemenuhan Gizi di Kecamatan Kawali Kabupaten Ciamis

Fulfilling nutritional intake can be done by utilizing TOGA plants. TOGA plants have high nutritional content to support the fulfillment of daily nutritional needs. The aim of community service related to TOGA plants is to increase community understanding and access to nutritional sources needed to prevent high levels of malnutrition. The method used is Participatory Action and Learning and evaluated using pre-test and post-test methods. There was an increase in knowledge scores at the end of the training, namely an average of 15.8 points. The variation in knowledge scores on the pre-test tends to be higher than on the post-test, this shows that there is a similar perception of understanding of the material at the end of the training.

Prevalence, risk factors and management of common mental health disorders in Cameroon: a systematic review

ObjectivesThis review aimed to synthesise evidence on (1) the prevalence of common mental health disorders (MHDs) in Cameroon; (2) the effectiveness of mental health management interventions; (3) the risk factors...

Exploring traditional Colombian foods and customs: a contemporary perspective on ancestral products

The OIR, Regional Intersystemic Observatory, of the Colombian Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia (UNAD), as one of the organizational devices that comprehensively and collectively manages community outreach strategies, energizes service learning through interaction and participatory action with the territories in one of its lines of work. From this perspective, a work with an exploratory and descriptive methodological approach was developed in four representative regions of Colombia: Andean, Caribbean, Orinoquia and Pacific in order to identify uses, customs and perspectives of new generations in relation to their own ancestral foods of each territory. Through 559 surveys applied in each area, the use, acquisition, conservation, transmission and symbolic value of these were addressed in the face of the problem of food security and their articulation with peasant-based social organizations, being peasant activity or also called small-scale family agriculture who contribute significantly to the micro-territories. Among the main results are: the linking of ancestral foods as a differential factor in the development of communities, as well as the relevance of geographical location compared to habits, uses and transmission of traditions to future generations.

Citizens’ deliberation on solutions to fight urban household food waste and nexus with growing urban gardens: The case of porto metropolitan area in Portugal

Food waste is currently acknowledged as a major societal challenge, including the food waste at the household level estimated to be responsible for the wastage of one third of the food produced for human consumption. Hence, tackling household food waste (HFW) is gaining a momentum in societal and policy agendas accompanied by an increasing effort of the scientific community to deliver evidence to address the research gaps on the causes and on the solutions to address this multidimensional societal problem. The proposed solutions by published literature to mitigate HFW can be unfolded into four major types, actions to raise people awareness, participatory actions, economic incentives, and collective actions. However, there is little evidence on the household's assessment of the different types of actions and its combination. This paper contributes to this research gap by adopting an innovative participatory approach, using deliberative focus groups (DFG), and analyzing the collected data through content analysis resorting to the software Maxqda. We had conducted six DGF in the Porto metropolitan area before and during the pandemic COVID-19 crisis. Our results highlight the citizen's option for more holistic actions in comparison to separate actions as a way to effectively fight food waste at household level. Another finding of our study is that citizen's growing urban gardens found it the more effective way to reduce household food waste. These results suggest that urban policies and underlying legal frameworks should favor holistic solutions to incentivise fighting HFW and account for the urban gardens as a relevant part of the solution. In addition, the study has shown that qualitative deliberative citizen-led approaches show insightful to understand how common people perceive as alternative or complementary the different types of actions to fight HFW proposed by the literature review.

Nonviolence Pedagogy As Participatory Action: Shifting Paradigms On Classroom Violence And Power Relations

Nonviolence Pedagogy As Participatory Action: Shifting Paradigms On Classroom Violence And Power Relations

Arts and Crafts Management Model of Baan Huai Ta Community, Utttaradit Province

Purpose: The objectives of the present research on the arts and crafts management model of Baan Huai Ta community, Uttaradit province were to analyze the community arts and crafts management model; develop the community arts and crafts management model; and evaluate the community arts and crafts management model of Baan Huai Ta, Uttaradit Province. Theoretical Framework: This study employs the concept of local wisdom and product development and design. Design/Methodology/Approach: The procedures involved building a network, acquiring knowledge, developing a community arts and crafts management model, developing community arts and crafts, evaluating the community arts and crafts management model. A qualitative research was employed consisting of observation, in-depth interviews, focus group discussion, and participatory action. Findings: The analysis of community arts and crafts management model suggested the area-based potential of Baan Huai Ta with arts and crafts abilities including weaving, wickerwork, and wood carving. Her Majesty Queen Sirikit had graciously supported people in the community to receive career development trainings in arts and crafts intended to offer extra jobs for generating more income. Their products were delivered for distribution to the Bureau of the Royal Household and the Arts and Crafts Promotion Foundation. Research Practical and Social Implication: Evaluation results of community arts and crafts works were as follow: increased value at a highest level; design concept at a highest level; selection of raw materials at a highest level; production process at a highest level; quality and beauty at a highest level; increased value added at a very high level; creating identity at a very high level; and generating value added at a very high level. The arts and crafts management model of Baan Huai Ta community, Uttaradit province comprised 4 components namely: analysis of community context; analysis of community management//network building; development of arts and crafts; and evaluation of arts and crafts management model. Originality/Value: The development of community arts and crafts management models focused on the designs with applied local wisdom to provide community products. The design concept is based on the link of science and knowledge in coordination with applied local materials to develop community products with an aim to bring about value added, self-reliance, as well as group forming. This had led to the development of products consisting of 12 pieces of fabric art and craft products, 2 pieces of carving art and craft products, and 8 pieces of wickerwork arts and crafts products, totaling 22 products.

Microcontroller based food dehydrator for Rengginang crackers micro businesses in Prambontergayang Village, Tuban District

The micro-business of Rengginang crackers with the Urnika brand in Prambontergayang Village, Tuban District, is an industry in the food sector. The process of drying Rengginang crackers in partner’s still uses conventional methods or under sunlight to carry out the drying process. Hence, it takes quite a long time to dry Rengginang, namely around 6-7 days. This community service program aims to develop and train the use of alternative technology for drying Rengginang crackers to Rengginang crackers micro-entrepreneurs in Prambontergayang Village, Tuban District. The method used for implementing PKM is a participatory approach (participatory action research/PAR). The results of the PKM carried out have had a positive impact on partners, namely more optimal and efficient drying. Drying using a microcontroller-based food dehydrator can speed up drying up to 120 minutes with a capacity of 5000 pcs of wet Rengginang. With this technology, partners can increase their production capacity for Rengginang crackers so that they can increase the expected number of sales.

Penyuluhan Kesehatan Asuhan Komplementer untuk Mengurangi Ketidaknyamanan Fisiologis Kehamilan di Puskesmas Kalasan Sleman Yogyakarta

This service aims to increase pregnant women's knowledge and skills regarding complementary care, which is useful for reducing physiological discomfort during pregnancy. The targets of this service were pregnant women who had complaints of physiological discomfort during pregnancy, especially pregnant women in the second and 3rd trimesters. The method of implementing this service used participatory action, including observation, Focus Group Discussion (FGD), counseling and training. Program evaluation used a questionnaire with descriptive data analysis to assess the knowledge and skills of pregnant women before and after the intervention. The results of the service showed that the characteristics of pregnant women were that most of them are of healthy reproductive age (20 - 35 years), were in their second pregnancy, were in their second trimester of pregnancy, have secondary education and work as private employees. After education and training, there was an increase in knowledge of 37.04% and an increase in skills of 25.92% regarding complementary care during pregnancy. It showed that the outreach and training programs implemented positively contribute and impact in the implementation of complementary pregnancy care to reduce physiological discomfort during pregnancy.

Application of Game Based Learning Using Crossword Media in Improving English Vocabulary

English has become an important international language in communication between countries, business, technology, and access to educational resources around the world. In this case, English language skills are not only a necessity, but also a competitive advantage in facing global competition. However, unfortunately, English learning for Selat village students is currently still not achieving maximum results due to the low interest in learning and motivation of students in learning English vocabulary. Therefore, this research was conducted with the aim of increasing children's understanding of basic English vocabulary in Selat Village through the application of Game Based Learning (GBL) with Crossword media. The method used is PALS (Participatory Action and Learning System), namely a participatory approach that involves students and teachers in planning, implementing and evaluating learning actions. Initial problem identification indicates low mastery of English vocabulary and lack of student motivation. The improvement plan is in the form of implementing Game Based Learning using crossword puzzles. The results showed a substantial increase in students' understanding and memorization of English vocabulary, with students' positive response and enthusiasm for this learning method. The conclusion of this research is that Game Based Learning using crossword puzzles is effective in increasing students' understanding of basic English vocabulary in Selat Village.

Integrated Spatial-Development Planning (InS-Dep) for Marine Space Utilization of the Coastal Village Communities

Marine space is inseparable from the livelihood of the communities in coastal villages in terms of utilizing marine resources, as the main occupation of the people is fisherman. They need to secure marine areas in front of the village, however, the village government hold authority neither in planning nor managing the marine space for village development in the formal spatial planning. This study attempted to identify challenges and opportunities in developing a village master plan for utilizing of marine space. This study carried out through participatory action during the process of village development planning (RPJMDes) by implementing Integrated Spatial-Development Planning (InS-DeP) model. This model integrates spatial plan into the development plan by constructing a village masterplan that includes plans for utilization of the marine space that complements development programs. From a series of FGDs, it is observed that InS-DeP model faces challenges in technical mapping and lack of knowledge regarding alternative livelihood options in developing the plan for future uses. Through this experience, by implementing InS-DeP model, coastal village government can prepare a master plan for marine space as a consensus with the community to ensure a balance between exploitation and conservation activities.

A Dialogue between the Humanities and Social Sciences: Cultural Landscapes and Their Transformative Potential for Social Innovation

Throughout the last decades, engaging with cultural landscapes has been a scientific, social, ethical, political, and economic imperative that calls for novel theoretical approaches, effective strategies and, above all, participatory action. Facing this multifarious challenge, academic disciplines have to redefine their traditional methods and aims, and demonstrate an openness towards new and risky paths of scientific pursuits. The present paper arose from interdisciplinary cooperation between the humanities and social sciences with the main objective to explore the potential of cultural landscapes as resources for social innovation in rural regions, addressing issues such as out-migration of original inhabitants, unemployment, and an overaging population. Based on an overview of landscape semantics and theoretical approaches, the paper first analyzes (cultural) landscape and social innovation as applied concepts. In a second step, both disciplinary angles mingle into a joint approach. Moving from methodologies to challenges, the authors discuss the Social Grid Model, which allows for an integrated analysis of social networks, institutions, and cognitive frames. They also delve into the Structured Democratic Dialogue as a tool for the revitalization of ‘active’ and ‘inactive’ cultural landscapes by reinforcing the role of local communities. Finally, the authors investigate how such novel ideas for the promotion of tangible and intangible heritage in rural habitats can be employed by example of two intervention regions in Greece (Koumasa) and the People’s Republic of China (Honghe Hani Rice Terraces), and as part of an orchestrated collective action.

Enhancing the Value of Coffee Husks as Organic Fertilizer in Windu Sari Farming Group, Batukaang Village, Kintamani Bangli

Coffee Husks produced from coffee processing are waste that can be used as raw material for making organic fertilizer. Utilizing coffee Husks as organic fertilizer can increase added value and farmers' income while reducing the smell from piles of coffee Husk waste, which can pollute the environment. Development efforts to overcome this problem include processing coffee Husk waste into compost. In this service activity, partners will be introduced to and trained in the technology for making quality compost fertilizer and managing coffee farming businesses to provide added value and improve the farmer's economy. This service aims to increase the added value (value added) of coffee Husk waste as organic fertilizer in the Windu Sari Farming Group. The problems found in farmer groups are the problem of piles of coffee husk waste, which have not been appropriately handled, and the problem of technology for making compost fertilizer, which has not been fully understood by partners, as well as farming business management problems related to group strengthening. The method used in community service in Batukaang Village is the Participatory Action and Learning System (PALS). This method aims to make the partner group an object in service activities through various forms such as education, training, counseling, as well as coaching and mentoring. The PALS method is implemented in several stages: (1) awareness phase, (2) capacity building phase, mentoring phase, and (3) institutionalization phase. The results obtained from this service program are in the form of a technology package for making compost fertilizer. From the service that has been carried out in the form of counseling, training, and the practice of making organic fertilizer compost, the response from the community, in this case, the Windu Sari Farmers Group, has been excellent. The participants' enthusiasm was seen from the many questions submitted to the service team regarding compost-making technology and its benefits for agriculture.

Democracy Therapy: Lessons from ThriveNYC

Abstract Despite massive unmet needs, U.S. mental health care systems and policy continue to aim too low. Laments about brittle foundations-including inadequate funding, fragmentation, stigma, lack of parity, ineffectiveness, unavailability, overmedicalization, and coercion-all share the same source. The mental health system is not working because it has been chasing the wrong goal: to treat illness, rather than to enable people to do nurturing things together. A focus on community nurturing and caring changes everything. It yields better treatment approaches while also engaging with the mutually reinforcing and desperately needed work of social cohesion, emotional well-being, participatory action, and communal learning and connection. In fact, the nurtured emotional health of individuals is fundamental to humane and resilient societies and to democracy itself. And in the face of environmental collapse and the related unraveling of core institutions, the stakes have never been higher. This essay makes the case for a paradigm shift in care and explores a recent effort to implement it at scale: ThriveNYC. The successes and especially the failures of ThriveNYC point to the possibilities and challenges of this essential mission.

Workshop on Modification and Innovation of Processed Banana Products by the MBKM Program of Indo Global Mandiri Students

Natural resources are resources acquired from the environment and can be utilized to fulfill human needs. One agricultural commodity that is abundant in this region is bananas. However, bananas that are sold directly tend to have a lower price and cannot be stored for a long time after being harvested due to their rapid ripening process, which leads to spoilage. Therefore, diversifying the product is necessary, and one way to do this is by processing bananas into chips. In this endeavor, we utilized the ABCD (Asset Based Community Development) method. Our activities aim to support the MBKM 2023 program, with a focus on creating positive change around km 20 Palembang. The assistance process involves several steps, starting from studying scenarios, uncovering the past (discovery), envisioning the future (dream), planning actions (design), engaging in participatory action (define), and finally monitoring and evaluating activities (destiny). By utilizing easily accessible raw materials, such as bananas, and adding innovative flavors, we hope to enhance the community's skills and creativity, as well as provide entrepreneurial opportunities to increase the selling value of bananas. The evaluation results indicate that the banana chip business is profitable, with an R/C ratio of 3.4. However, further evaluation and assistance in overall marketing strategy are still required.

Penta-Helix Collaboration Model in Community Development (Batik Making in Sangiran)

The Sangiran site is one of the largest Early Man sites in the world. The Sangiran site is located in Sragen and Karanganyar Regencies. Because of its content which has high historical and scientific value, the Sangiran Site is designated as a Cultural Heritage area. In addition, UNESCO has designated Sangiran as a World Cultural Heritage. However, the local community has not used it optimally, so community empowerment is needed. Cross-stakeholder collaboration is one of the keys to successful development, as well as in community development. This study aims to build a penta-helix collaboration model in the Batik community in Sangiran by highlighting the characteristics of the Sangiran site as a batik motif. Using the penta-helix concept consisting of government, academia, private sector, community, and media. Using qualitative research methods with participatory action. Batik is one of the potentials of local residents who work as batik makers but have not been maximized to produce batik characterized by the Sangiran site while at the same time increasing financial welfare. Through the penta-helix model, it is hoped that it can realize the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in achieving accelerated economic development for the Sangiran village community.

B - 12 fMRI Investigation of Socio-Moral Agency in Children and Adolescents.

This study investigated the neural substrate of agency in social judgments of children and adolescents. The main hypothesis was that a network of proposed "social brain" structures (the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), medial precuneus (mPc), temporal pole (TP), and temporoparietal junction (TPJ) would be recruited when comparing self vs. other agents in socio-moral situations. We suspected that such judgments would incur self/other referential and social cognitive processing and lead to overlapping but also distinctive neural activations in the social brain network. The developmental sample was 9-17-year-old participants (11 male, 8 female) with no medical, neurological or psychiatric history, learning disability, or medication usage. Neuropsychological functions, academic achievement, and social-emotional development were normal. Participants read brief scripts in a high field magnet and provided judgments of whether the social actions were right or wrong. Scripts were balanced for right vs. wrong behaviors, comparing the participant's own actions vs the actions of others as well as a non-social baseline condition. Data were analyzed in Matlab. Results revealed recruitment of mPFC, mPc, TP, and TPJ throughout development, linking agency to other mentalizing processes. There was overlapping recruitment of mPFC, mPc and left TPJ across the 2 conditions. Right TPJ activated only during the self-agency condition; left TP activated only during the other-agency condition. Findings support a specific network of mPFC, mPc, TP and TPJ regions associated with mediation of social agency, similar to adults, which is likely an important neural substrate for maturation of self-regulation and social cognition.

Civilian participants’ responses to veteran artwork: exploring empathy and understanding

ABSTRACT Background: Military-to-civilian transition is complicated for U.S. veterans when civilians lack detailed knowledge of their experiences and military culture. Aims: The purpose of this research was to: (1) examine the experiences of a group of civilian participants who viewed a veteran art exhibition and engaged in responsive art making, and (2) to identify participants understanding of military service and the veteran experience may shift as a result of participation in study activities. Methods: Case study research was used to examine the experiences of a group of civilian participants who engaged in a workshop that involved viewing veteran artwork and making response art. Data were collected through surveys, participant artwork and written responses, and researcher observation. Case studies were presented using thick description with interpretive and linked narratives to interpret the results. Results: Participant experiences demonstrated that the pilot study interventions promoted four outcomes: (1) authentic and meaningful exchanges and engagement with veterans (2) challenged to think about veterans’ experiences more deeply, (3) inspired to show support for people who have served in the military in new ways, and (4) promoted empathy and understanding. Conclusions: Results illustrate how active participation in an art exhibition through response art making can help to increase understanding of people with different lived experiences by promoting authentic and meaningful exchanges through art. Implications for practice/policy/future research: Interdisciplinary partnerships between art therapists and museum professionals can support the development of programming that bridges divides between groups with different lived experiences and prompts social change through participatory action.

PELATIHAN DESAIN PRODUK DAN IKLAN DIGITAL IKM RENGGINANG DI DESA PRAMBONTERGAYANG KECAMATAN SOKO KABUPATEN TUBAN

Packaging design and digital advertising are an important part of product marketing. Unique product design, will be an added value for consumers to consider buying a product and digital markets provide information for consumers that cannot be reached by traditional markets so that producers are able to expand market share, therefore the focus of the PKM that the author will do is provide training to the industry the household industry (IRT) Urnika Snacks Rengginang in Prambontergayang Village, Soko District, Tuban Regency, IRT Urnika Snacks Rengginang is widely known in the environment around the sub-district, but the sales that IRT do are still in the traditional way and the IRT packaging is still wrapped in plastic. The method of implementing PKM was carried out using a participatory approach (participatory action research/PAR). We carry out this service program to provide training on the importance of digital advertising supported by unique packaging designs to increase IRT marketing. Service activities regarding packaging design and digital advertising are expected to be able to help Rengginang IRT Prambontergayang Village in marketing snack products so that they can increase the income of the IKM Rengginang.