Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling Research Articles

Exploring sustainable crop residue management practices: farmers’ perceptions in north India

ABSTRACT Purpose This research examined farmers’ adoption of Sustainable Crop Residue Management (SCRM) practices by validating the Protection Motivation theory (PMT) and Ecological Modernisation Theory (EMT) as theoretical underpinnings. This research validated the impact of factors like Coping appraisal, Social cognitive attributes, Habit, Risk perception, Supply chain practices and Health consciousness on actual adoption. The study further empirically analysed the impact of actual adoption on perceived sustainable performance. Design/Methodology/Approach A data set of 239 farmers from North Indian states was analysed to understand the perceptions of farmers. Only those farmers who were engaged in paddy and wheat cultivation were considered in this research. Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) was applied to access and validate the hypothesized relationships. Findings Coping appraisal and supply chain practices emerged insignificant. Actual adoption had a significant and strong impact on perceived sustainable performance. Practical implication Based on the fact that farmers still need to adopt SCRM practices, the study provides significant pointers to the government, policymakers, and agricultural departments of North Indian states. Based on this study government needs to implement some focused policies had to be developed to boost farmers’ adoption. For example, targeted subsidies for machinery should be given to encourage farmers to adopt such practices. Theoretical Implications First, this research validates both PMT and EMT together in the context of SCRM practices. In addition, this research-validated a few other variables like Governments’ facilitative interventions, supply chain practices and perceived sustainable performance that previous studies failed to analyse, leading to a comprehensive model. Secondly, it creates a theoretical association among risk perception, social cognitive attributes, habit, government facilitative interventions, and supply chain practices. Originality/Value Due to the multitude of factors associated with paddy stubble burning, this research is an earnest effort to empirically analyse the variables influencing farmers’ decisions concerning the actual adoption of SCRM practices. This research is indeed a very initial attempt to comprehend the view-points of farmers to understand the reasons which make them go to crop residue burning despite awareness of the harmful effects of burning on human health and the environment.

Generational differences towards phygital services: insight from the retail banking industry

PurposePhygital is a promising phenomenon that employs cutting-edge technology to connect digital and physical spaces, providing users with interactive experiences. This research empirically examines the factors influencing customer loyalty between the two generational cohorts (Gen X and Gen Y) towards phygital services in the retail banking industry.Design/methodology/approachThe researchers conducted a quantitative study through self-administered questionnaires, which included 493 respondents from Generation (Gen) X and 509 from Gen Y. The “partial least square-structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM)” was used for testing.FindingsThe standardised path coefficients show that in Gen X and Gen Y, customer trust and system quality significantly influence customer engagement and customer satisfaction; however, security and privacy risk have an insignificant influence on customer engagement and customer satisfaction. Surprisingly, perceived value significantly influences customer engagement and insignificantly influences customer satisfaction in Gen X. Further, perceived value substantially affects customer engagement and satisfaction in Gen Y. Moreover, there is a significant association between customer engagement, satisfaction and loyalty in both generations.Practical implicationsThe present research is unique and offers insightful implications for several stakeholders, including customers, bank managers and practitioners, to understand the potential of phygital settings in transforming the landscape of banking transactions.Originality/valueThis study is a preliminary investigation concentrating on customer behaviour towards phygital services in the retail banking industry. Furthermore, this study provides valuable contributions to banking literature through a comparative assessment of Gen X and Gen Y by shedding light on the unexplored realm of phygital services from the perspective of a developing nation, i.e. India.

The mediating role of organisational stress in the relationship between gender diversity and employee performance in Ghanaian public hospitals

The presence of organisational stress in public hospitals in Ghana significantly affects both the standard of patient care and the overall efficiency of the healthcare delivery system. This level of stress results in burnout, diminished job satisfaction, and more errors. The study leverages social categorisation and identification theory to investigate the mediation role of organisational stress in the relationship between gender diversity and employee performance. The Cochran formula was used to determine the sample size, arriving at a sample size of 384. The Multistage sampling technique used Inclusion and exclusion criteria to collect data from 384 health professionals working in 40 public hospitals in southern Ghana. The collected data were analysed using partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM), emphasising path analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and bootstrapping methods. The study discovered that gender diversity had a positive and significant impact on employee performance and organisational stress. The findings revealed that organisational stress had a positive and significant influence on employee performance. The results of the bootstrapping analysis revealed that organisational stress partially mediates the relationship between gender diversity and employee performance. Impaired employee performance might result from organisational stress in the context of gender diversity. To tackle this issue, managers should encourage a work atmosphere that promotes, supports, recognises and reduces sources of stress and implements specific measures that optimise the advantages of diversity while minimising the risks linked to stress.

Harnessing information processing theory: key organizational initiatives for digital transformation projects success

PurposeDigital transformation (DT) is connected to how information technologies (IT) can be harnessed to address organizational needs and leverage business opportunities. DT projects are complex endeavors, and IT is just one aspect to manage. Other crucial elements include people, information, business processes, organizational capability and organizational culture. Embedding IT into an organization over poorly established processes or without the correct organizational initiatives can be the first step toward failure in DT projects. Based on the information processing theory, this research focuses on maximizing the success of DT projects by identifying key initiatives to prepare organizations for these endeavors.Design/methodology/approachTo better understand the relationship between organizational initiatives and the DT project’s success, we surveyed 205 practitioners. The results were analyzed using the partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM).FindingsFindings show the relationship between the organizational initiatives proposed by the information processing theory (namely, reducing the need for information processing and improving information capacity), strategic alignment of digital technologies and business, management of the digital technology infrastructure and DT project success. This work built a comprehensive and scalable model that offers a consistent characterization of the organizational initiatives dimension that researchers can use in the future.Originality/valueThe organizational initiatives identified by Galbraith’s information processing theory and Li’s work have not been used together to explain the success of DT projects. We contribute to the theory and DT projects’ success by validating the impact of these initiatives.

Unlocking happiness: how crafting your career path boosts life satisfaction through forward thinking and self-confidence in career choices

Career construction theory (CCT) asserts that a substantial degree of career adaptability (CA) correlates with favorable outcomes when individuals undergo different environments. Building upon the theoretical framework of the CCT, our study hypothesized that the nexus between CA and life satisfaction (LS) as an outcome of adaptation is mediated by future orientation (FO) and career decision-making self-efficacy (CDMSE). We gathered data from 317 graduates in Greater Cairo, Egypt. The data was collected through a self-administered questionnaire and analyzed using partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) via WarpPls 7.0 software. Our findings indicate a positive correlation between CA and LS and a positive link between CA and FO and CDMSE. Additionally, FO and CDMSE were found to be positively related to LS. However, contrary to the expectations, FO was not identified as a mediating factor between CA and LS, while CDMSE did serve as a mediator between CA and LS. Based on these results, managers can provide workshops and training opportunities to enhance graduates’ confidence and assist them in developing plans, ultimately leading them to increased satisfaction in life.

Community-Level Urban Vitality Intensity and Diversity Analysis Supported by Multisource Remote Sensing Data

Urban vitality serves as a crucial metric for evaluating sustainable urban development and the well-being of residents. Existing studies have predominantly focused on analyzing the direct effects of urban vitality intensity (VI) and its influencing factors, while paying less attention to the urban vitality diversity (VD) and its indirect impact mechanisms. Supported by multisource remote sensing data, this study establishes a five-dimensional urban vitality evaluation system and employs the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Model (PLS-SEM) to quantify direct and indirect interrelationships between these multidimensional factors and VI/VD. The findings are as follows: (1) Spatial divergence between VI and VD: VI exhibited stronger clustering (I = 1.12), predominantly aggregating in central urban areas, whereas VD demonstrated moderate autocorrelation (I = 0.45) concentrated in mixed-use central or suburban zones. (2) Drivers of vitality intensity: VI are strongly associated with commercial density (β = 0.344) and transportation accessibility (β = 0.253), but negatively correlated with natural environment quality (r = −0.166). (3) Mechanisms of vitality diversity: VD is closely linked to public service (β = 0.228). This research provides valuable insights for city development and decision-making, particularly in strengthening urban vitality and optimizing urban functional layouts.

Assessing the Impacts of New Quality Productivity on Sustainable Agriculture: Structural Mechanisms and Optimization Strategies—Empirical Evidence from China

New quality productivity (N) in China is examined as a key driver for enhancing innovation and promoting sustainable development, with a focus on its structural framework in agriculture across three primary dimensions: New Quality Agricultural Laborers (NQL), New Quality Agricultural Labor Inputs (NQLI), and New Quality Agricultural Production Inputs (NQPI). This study aims to explore the relationship between new quality productivity and sustainable agriculture in China, analyzing its impact mechanisms and optimization strategies using data from 30 provincial-level regions between 2012 and 2021. Initially, Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) is employed to identify the specific structural relationships influencing NQP. The Outer Loadings TOPSIS (OL-TOPSIS) method quantifies the contributions of each construct in NQP research across China’s agricultural functional zones. The combined IPMA (cIPMA) model is developed to analyze the necessary conditions, thereby formulating specific optimization strategies. The results indicate that, within the structural framework, the overall NQP construct indicators have a significant impact on promoting sustainable agricultural development. Furthermore, locational analysis reveals that each region exhibits a trend of stability and continuous optimization. In the necessity analysis, both NQL (0.378) and NQLI (0.329) meet the required conditions, and NQPI (0.143) does not satisfy the necessity conditions, necessitating prioritized actions.

Influence of contractual and relational governance on green supply chain management practices and sustainability performance in the construction industry

PurposeThis study establishes a framework of green supply chain management (GSCM) in the construction project context. The purpose is to empirically validate the effect of GSCM practices on environmental and organizational performance from the sustainability perspective and explore the distinct role of contractual and relational governance in promoting GSCM practices.Design/methodology/approachThis study used survey data collected from construction companies in China, with a sample of 159 responses participating in the analysis. This study applied a survey method to test the hypothesized relationships. Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was used to test the hypothesized relationships based on the survey data in Chinese construction industry.FindingsThe results demonstrate that in construction projects, GSCM practices have a positive effect on both environmental and organizational performance. Contractual governance is not significantly related to GSCM practices, while relational governance positively influences the implementation of GSCM practices. The results further demonstrate the indirect effect of relational governance on the relationship between contractual governance and GSCM practices.Originality/valueTheoretically, this study enhances the understanding of GSCM as a holistic method to integrate green practices into construction projects and reveals the distinct role of governance arrangements in greening construction supply chain, which contributes to project sustainability research. Practically, this study provides a systematic GSCM implementation framework and transformation path for the construction industry to achieve both organizational and environmental performance.

Religious Leadership and Personal Branding of 'Kyai' in Islamic Education Management: Pathways to Promoting Moderation and Preventing Radicalism

Religious leaders play a crucial role in fostering moderate attitudes and behaviours, particularly among Pesantren (Islamic boarding schools) students. However, empirical studies examining the relationship between Kyai leadership and efforts to counter radicalism still need to be explored. This study investigates the impact of religious leadership and personal branding of the Kyai on religious moderation and the prevention of radicalism in Pesantren. A quantitative approach with a correlational survey design was employed, involving 340 respondents, including administrators, students, and alumni from Pesantren. Data were collected via a five-point Likert scale questionnaire administered online and analysed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The results indicate that religious leadership and personal branding of the Kyai positively influence religious moderation, which plays a vital role in countering radicalism. Additionally, religious moderation was found to mediate the relationship between Kyai leadership and personal branding with radicalism prevention. The restricted sample coverage due to the online survey format is a limitation of the study. The findings suggest that enhancing Kyai’s religious leadership and personal branding can be a valuable strategy for combating Pesantren's radicalism.

BRIDGING TRADITION AND INNOVATION: THE ROLE OF PINGXIANG NUO MASKS IN ANIMATION CHARACTER DESIGN

The lack of integration and cultural representation in Pingxiang Nuo masks can reduce the aesthetic appeal of the audience, which is a challenge for the industry. The dysconnectivity of the audience with no emotions toward Pingxiang Nuo mask characters is problematic for the industry on a large scale. The purpose of this research is to measure the impact of Pingxiang Nuo mask funny role and positive supporting role on cultural expressiveness with mediating impact of artist qualification. The study is designed to provide comprehensive insight into contributing more value to the culture's expressiveness. This study used a purposive sampling method to collect the data. This method was significant for sampling as students, teachers, professionals and audience of art design was population. A sample of 325 individuals, including students, teachers, professionals, and art design audiences, was collected. Smart PLS 4 was used for conducting statistical analysis with partial least square–structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The findings of this research contribute to the literature that the impact of Pingxiang Nuo masks funny role and a positive supporting role on cultural expressiveness is accepted. The study also confirmed that the effect of the Pingxiang Nuo influences the mediating role of artist qualification mask funny role and the positive supporting role of cultural expressiveness. The study asserts that the qualification of the artist is essential and significantly contributes to cultural expressiveness with the help of Pingxiang Nuo masks. In China, it is required to improve the cultural expressiveness with the help of Pingxiang Nuo mask that is required for cultural and historical representations. JEL Classification Codes: C10, C81, C87, C12.

Exploring link between skills, attitudes, and intentions in information technology industry: a study on entrepreneurial mindset

The study seeks to determine the relationship among entrepreneurial skills, attitude towards behaviour (ATB), and the entrepreneurial goals of IT professionals. With implications for comprehending entrepreneurship in a service-oriented business, this study explores how ATB connects abilities and intents using the theory of planned behaviour. With an emphasis on technology-driven niches, the study develops theoretical models and improves theory on how attitudes and skills interact to impact entrepreneurial intentions by incorporating ATB as a moderating variable of interest. Simple random sampling was used to pick the sample from a cross-sectional survey of 376 IT professionals, and partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) was used to investigate the hypothesized association between the variables. According to the results, ATB moderates the link between skills and intentions, suggesting that fostering both skill and intention development will support the growth of entrepreneurial ability. This realization has significant ramifications for politicians, educators, and practitioners in terms of establishing favourable environments, developing logical skill-building exercises, and encouraging optimistic entrepreneurial attitudes. According to identified factors, stakeholders have the ability to improve the climate for entrepreneurship and support economic growth. This study advances the theoretical understanding of entrepreneurship, particularly as it relates to the creation of intent in the technology sector.

Determinants of customer’s intention to use ride-hailing services in Kathmandu Valley

This study identifies the key factors influencing the adoption of ride-hailing services in Kathmandu Valley, guided by the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). The research examines how attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control affect the intention to use ride-hailing services, and how these intentions translate into actual usage behavior. A quantitative method was adopted, with 389 respondents from Kathmandu Valley, using a structured questionnaire designed to capture TPB constructs. Data analysis was performed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to validate the questionnaires and assess the hypothesized relationships. The findings indicate that both attitude and perceived behavioral control significantly impact the intention to use ride-hailing services. Furthermore, intention was found to be a strong predictor of actual usage behavior. However, subjective norms did not exhibit a significant effect on the intention to use ride-hailing services in this context. This study provides insights into the behavioral drivers of ride-hailing service adoption, offering valuable information for ride-sharing and hailing mobility services to boost their business and for government institutions to regulate accordingly. As ride-hailing is growing in Nepal, future investors and enterprises would benefit from adopting various strategies to attract customers, focusing on the key factors that influence service adoption. For future research, expanding the sample size and incorporating additional contextual factors would enhance the understanding of ride-hailing adoption across different regions.

The mechanism of foreign direct investment on China's sulfur dioxide emissions: Evidence from partial least squares structural equation modeling.

The mechanism of foreign direct investment on China's sulfur dioxide emissions: Evidence from partial least squares structural equation modeling.

A study on the relationship between digital transformation elements, innovation capability and digital transformation performance of civil airports

Digital transformation is crucial for civil airports, driving changes in operational efficiency, innovation, and competitiveness. However, the process is complex, involving factors such as technology, management, culture, organization, and the external environment. Many airports face significant challenges, including technology misalignment, low return on investment, and employee resistance. This study examines the elements of digital transformation and its impact on airport performance, offering both theoretical and practical insights. Using a theoretical framework based on resource-based theory and organizational system theory, the study explores the relationships between digital transformation factors, innovation capability, and performance. Innovation capability is proposed as a mediating mechanism. Employing partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) to analyze survey data, the findings indicate that digital transformation elements positively influence both innovation capability and performance. Additionally, product and service innovation capabilities mediate the relationship between digital transformation elements and performance. The study concludes with practical recommendations to enhance airport digital transformation performance.

How Autonomous Vehicles Shape Urban Traffic Sustainability: An Empirical Study Based on Structural Equation Modeling

Currently, urban traffic flow is an increasing problem, and achieving sustainability in urban mobility is essential for enhancing both mobility and the quality of life. This study investigates the factors influencing urban traffic sustainability from two critical perspectives: autonomous vehicle policy governance and citizen perception. By utilizing Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), this study analyzes data from 502 valid responses gathered through online surveys. The findings reveal that, from the citizen perception perspective, both accessibility and safety play a significant role in advancing urban traffic sustainability, while smart mobility modes were found to have no substantial impact. From a policy governance standpoint, land transportation planning did not significantly influence citizens’ perceptions of accessibility, safety, or smart mobility. In contrast, vehicle management measures were positively correlated with these dimensions. Furthermore, the scope of service point support was found to enhance accessibility and smart mobility but did not have a noteworthy effect on safety. Vehicle deployment allocation, however, was positively associated with improvements in accessibility, safety, and smart mobility. This study offers valuable insights for urban traffic policy formulation, emphasizing the pivotal role of regulatory frameworks, vehicle management strategies, and urban infrastructure in fostering sustainable urban mobility.

The Role of Artificial Intelligence and Blockchain Technology in Crisis Management, Startup Growth, and Sustainable Future

This study examines the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) and blockchain technology on crisis management, startup growth, and sustainability in the Indian business landscape. Using a quantitative, cross-sectional research design, data was collected from 123 research and development (R&D) employees across various enterprises. The study employs Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to analyze relationships between key constructs. The results indicate that AI plays a crucial role in enhancing crisis management and business resilience (β = 0.553, p = 0.000), while effective crisis management positively influences long-term sustainability (β = 0.272, p = 0.000). Additionally, blockchain technology is a key driver of startup growth (β = 0.684, p = 0.000), and growing startups significantly contribute to a sustainable future (β = 0.689, p = 0.000). The findings highlight the transformative potential of AI and blockchain in navigating business uncertainties, fostering innovation, and driving sustainable development. The study offers practical implications for business leaders, policymakers, and entrepreneurs in leveraging emerging technologies for long-term resilience and success.

The Influence of Learning Organizational Culture, Employee Engagement, Digital Transformation, and Esg On Sustainable Competitive Advantage: the Role of Transformational Leadership at Abc University, Indonesia

This study investigates the impact of Learning Organizational Culture, Employee Engagement, Digital Transformation, and Environmental, Social, Governance (ESG) on Sustainable Competitive Advantage, with a focus on the moderating role of Transformational Leadership at ABC University in Indonesia. Utilizing a quantitative research approach, primary data was collected through online questionnaires targeting managers across various leadership levels within the university. A stratified random sampling technique was employed to ensure proportional representation based on hospital levels and managerial positions. The analysis was conducted using Structural Equation Modeling Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS), facilitating the examination of causal relationships among the variables. The findings reveal a positive indirect influence of Strategic Thinking on Competitive Advantage through Transformational Leadership, with a coefficient of 0.022 and a significance level of P-value = 0.073, supporting the hypothesis at a 90% confidence level. Additionally, the study identifies a significant positive indirect influence of Dynamic Capability on Competitive Advantage through Transformational Leadership, with a coefficient of 0.156 and a P-value of 0.001, supporting the hypothesis at a 95% confidence level. However, the results also indicate a negative influence of Dynamic Capability on Competitive Advantage, suggesting that enhancing competitiveness in the health sector necessitates the mediation of Transformational Leadership. This highlights the importance of leadership in guiding and supervising dynamic capabilities, which include internal collaboration, product updates, market synchronization, and fostering an open mindset. The study underscores the critical role of employee engagement and a learning organizational culture in driving innovation and sustaining competitive advantage in the evolving landscape of health services.

Factors that influence adoption intention towards QR code payment at merchants in Indonesia

This study aims to determine the influence of independent variables, including Performance Expectancy, Effort Expectancy, Social Influence, Facilitating Conditions, Government Support, and Quality of Internet Connection, on the dependent variable Adoption Intention. The object of this research is the QRIS (Quick Response Code Indonesia Standard) payment system, a type of payment using QR codes applicable in Indonesia, created by Bank Indonesia. This study uses primary data from questionnaires distributed using non-probability sampling techniques to owners or decision-makers of merchants whose operating for at least one year and have been using QRIS for a minimum of six months in Indonesia. Conducted with a quantitative approach, this research employs the Partial Least Square - Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) testing method. Based on 162 respondents, the results indicate that Performance Expectancy, Facilitating Conditions, and Quality of Internet Connection have a positive and significant influence on Adoption Intention. Meanwhile, Effort Expectancy, Social Influence, and Government Support show a positive but not statistically significant influence on Adoption Intention.

Does benevolent leadership affect the organizational identification of nursing staff? The mediating role of forgiveness climate and the moderating role of positive emotions

PurposeBased on the broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions and social information processing (SIP) theory, the present study investigated the effects of benevolent leadership on organizational identity of nursing staff in Egyptian government hospitals in Sharkia Governorate, mediated by forgiveness climate, and the role of positive emotions as a moderator of these relationships.Design/methodology/approachThe study collected data through an online survey of 335 nursing staff from 46 Egyptian government hospitals in Sharkia Governorate. The reliability and validity of the scale items were evaluated accurately, and the proposed model and hypotheses were tested using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM).FindingsThe results reveal the positive direct effects of benevolent leadership and forgiveness climate on nursing staff’s organizational identification, with forgiveness climate partially mediating the relationship between benevolent leadership and organizational identification, and positive emotions moderate the relationship between benevolent leadership and both forgiveness climate and organizational identification. This suggests that fostering a forgiveness climate and encouraging positive emotions can enhance organizational identification in government hospitals.Research limitations/implicationsThe study is limited to government hospitals in Egypt, which may restrict the generalizability of the findings to other sectors or cultural contexts. Future research could explore these dynamics in different settings to enhance external validity.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the literature by introducing positive emotions as a new variable in the determinants of the forgiveness climate that researchers have not previously addressed. Moreover, it highlights the significant moderating role of positive emotions in the relationship between benevolent leadership and both of forgiveness climate and organizational identification, offering valuable insights for improving organizational culture in healthcare settings.

Investigating the Factors Influencing the Acceptance of Islamic Mobile Banking Services

The adoption of Islamic Mobile Banking (IMB) services remains a challenge in Pakistan, despite the increasing global growth of Islamic banking. Shariah compliance, security concerns, and trust issues significantly impact the acceptance of IMB services. This study integrates the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) with Islamic compliance to explore key factors influencing consumer adoption. Previous research suggests that regulatory confidence and performance expectancy play a pivotal role in technology acceptance (Venkatesh et al., 2012; Nasri, 2021; Hassan & Lewis, 2020). However, in the context of Islamic banking, additional variables such as financial security, awareness, and government regulations significantly shape user perceptions and adoption decisions (Mensah & Khan, 2024; Yusfiarto et al., 2024). A quantitative research methodology was employed, utilizing a structured survey to collect primary data from 400–500 respondents in Pakistan. The study applied Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) and SPSS for data analysis, ensuring validity and reliability (Hair et al., 2019). The results indicate that Government Regulation (GR) (β = 3.51, p < 0.01) and Performance Expectancy (PE) (β = 1.74, p < 0.05) are the strongest predictors of IMB adoption. Interestingly, Awareness (AWN) showed a negative impact (-3.20, p < 0.01), suggesting that consumer skepticism toward Shariah compliance and security may hinder adoption (Khan et al., 2023; Zouari & Abdelhedi, 2021). The findings highlight the critical role of regulatory transparency, perceived usefulness, and trust-building measures in driving IMB adoption. The study suggests that mere awareness campaigns are insufficient; rather, efforts should focus on strengthening Shariah governance, financial literacy, and cybersecurity measures to enhance user confidence (Ali & Hassan, 2022; Windasari et al., 2022). Future research should explore trust, risk perception, and ethical banking concerns as moderating factors influencing IMB adoption. Policymakers and financial institutions must adopt a holistic approach, ensuring that Islamic banking services align with consumer expectations while maintaining regulatory compliance. Expectancy (PE) (β = 1.74, p < 0.05) are the strongest predictors of IMB adoption. Interestingly, Awareness (AWN) showed a negative impact (-3.20, p < 0.01), suggesting that consumer skepticism toward Shariah compliance and security may hinder adoption (Khan et al., 2023; Zouari & Abdelhedi, 2021). The findings highlight the critical role of regulatory transparency, perceived usefulness, and trust-building measures in driving IMB adoption. The study suggests that mere awareness campaigns are insufficient; rather, efforts should focus on strengthening Shariah governance, financial literacy, and cybersecurity measures to enhance user confidence (Ali & Hassan, 2022; Windasari et al., 2022). Future research should explore trust, risk perception, and ethical banking concerns as moderating factors influencing IMB adoption. Policymakers and financial institutions must adopt a holistic approach, ensuring that Islamic banking services align with consumer expectations while maintaining regulatory compliance.