Part Of Waste Management Research Articles

Examining Biogas Potential from Rotting Fruits for Advanced Waste Management, Environmental Conservation, and Sustainable Energy Generation

This research aims to analyze the efforts of Koperasi Gemah Ripah Yogyakarta in converting rotting fruits into biogas as part of waste management at Gamping Fruit Market. The methodology involved interviews, field studies, and a comprehensive literature review from various journals. The research findings are threefold. Firstly, Koperasi Gemah Ripah employs a systematic approach to waste management comprising collection, transportation, and disposal. Secondly, the biogas produced through the processing efforts made by Koperasi Gemah Ripah serves as an alternative energy source, generating electricity. Thirdly, the collaborative partnership between Koperasi Gemah Ripah and the Waste Refinery Center at Universitas Gadjah Mada has been proven to be successful in innovatively managing waste by converting it into biogas. In conclusion, the research underscores the effective waste management strategies implemented by Koperasi Gemah Ripah, showcasing the potential of biogas as a sustainable solution to mitigate environmental damage.

In, Out or Beyond? Waste Pickers and Policy Networks: A Story from Jardim Gramacho (Rio de Janeiro)

As circularity is momentous, waste-picker communities all around the world are getting noticed. Brazil is at the forefront of waste-picker community inclusion, recognizing, by law, waste-pickers as professionals who must be part of waste management. This level of institutionalization is the result of a political struggle within the national waste policy network over more than twenty years. Understanding these political relations is key to recognising the role of waste-pickers and making the case for justice in the circularity discourse and practices. This research presents the result of an extended case study of over seven years duration conducted by the author on the community of Jardim Gramacho, in the Rio de Janeiro Metropolitan Region. Building upon the policy network theory, this paper first maps the policy community and the issue network of waste governance. Second, through a thematic analysis of 20 semi-structured interviews, core themes are identified. These themes depict the waste-picker community beyond a paternalistic reading recognizing their agency and identifying a plurality of roles waste-pickers are playing in the waste policy community, among them the role of institutional stewards. In the conclusion, a research agenda is outlined, highlighting the need for transdisciplinarity in doing research with waste-pickers.

COMPOSTING AS AN ALTERNATIVE TO REDUCE COMMON WASTE VOLUME IN HOSPITALS

Composting is an alternative that has been used on a large scale as a tool for sustainability practices, being a form of recycling organic waste that avoids overloading waste in landfills. The process generates an organic compost that can be used to fertilize the soil in gardens and vegetable gardens. The present work aims to show that composting is a viable and safe procedure to use in hospitals. The methodology used was a qualitative bibliographic research, a literature review authors who are reference in the subject, using the databases of academic google and scielo. It is possible to state that the construction of a compost bin aims to dispose of organic waste from the hospital, in areas that do not pose a risk of contamination of this material by microorganisms that pose a risk to the environment or human beings, and should use organic waste from cafeterias and snack bars. These residues pass by the natural process of decomposition (nutrient cycling) so that the final product is an organic compound that can be used in hospital gardens and generate a lower cost for their maintenance, in addition to reducing the use of fertilizers that are potential environmental polluters. Another important factor is the decrease in the occurrence of insects, as they are naturally attracted to areas with the presence of organic matter. Thus, by separating these residues at the generation sites, and directing them to composters, results in a reduction in the occurrence of pests in the entire hospital area, and maintaining a safe environment for patients and employees. It can be concluded that the construction of a program for the reuse of food that is not consumed is important to improve the vision of sustainability in hospitals, making it possible to apply composting in different places, as part of waste management, reducing thus the environmental impact caused by these residues due to the generation and disposal of waste. Keywords: Sustainability in hospitals. Organic Waste. Composters. Nutrient cycling.

Bi2O3@Bi nanoparticles for ultrasensitive electrochemical determination of thiourea: monitoring towards environmental pollutants

Thiourea and other sulphur containing organic molecules are commonly present in industrial waste water and because of their toxic nature are environmental pollutants. Thiourea oxidation constructed on cost effective and proficient catalyst to substitute/alternative with noble metals (Pt, Au, Ir, Rh, Pd and others) based electrodes. Herein, this report for the synthesis of Bi2O3@Bi (∼ 4-5 nm) nanoparticles by using polyfunctional citric acid is a surface protecting molecule for electrocatalytic thiourea oxidation reactions as a one of the environmental hazardous monitoring system at room temperature. These as-synthesized nanoparticles were well characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Furrier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and further studied for electrochemical determination of thiourea (TU). These structural and morphological studies were further confirms the rhombohedral crystal structure with thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) shows 20 wt% citrate molecules on the surface of Bi2O3@Bi nanoparticles. The electrochemical studies on Bi2O3@Bi nanoparticle reveals that, it's having ultra-low detection limit, higher sensitivity and better activity at ultralow potential for a current density of 11.2 mA/cm2 for oxidation of thiourea (TU). Moreover, chronoamphrometric (i-t) measurement shows proposed Bi2O3@Bi based system is having stable and long term current performance at a potential of 0.85 V vs. SCE towards the TU oxidation. This work affords with noble metal free electrocatalyst for novel appliance and remarkable consequence as a thiourea determination and conversion as a part of waste management.

Utilization of cow dung residues of biogas plant for sustainable development of a rural community

Ziala Village of Satkhira District in Bangladesh is well known for cow dung management and biogas production. Biogas plants produce huge quantities of organic residues and biogas. Cow dung is widely used in the plant as a part of waste management and biogas production. The residues are used as organic fertilizer and biogas is used as fuel in the Ziala Village. Therefore, the study was conducted to observe the effectiveness of using cow dung residues produced in biogas plants and its subsequent impacts on socio-economic profile. The study was based on face to face interview of randomly selected dairy farmers in 2014. Twelve representative samples of biogas plants were randomly selected for interviewing. Findings suggested that renewable energy transfer system in the form of biogas plant was successful in converting cow dung into energy and nutrient rich organic fertilizer, which reduced the cost of purchasing chemical fertilizer for plant owners. Renewable energy transfer plants noticeably improved the overall cooking environment of the biogas digesters and reduced the time needed to collect firewood. This facilitates livestock management and preservation of forest resources. Biogas plants eventually contributed to elevate environmental condition and resource recovery which ultimately improved socio-economic profiles in terms of occupational distribution and educational attainment of the participating households. However, agricultural wastes and cow dung were not optimally managed by some households in surveyed area. This causes environmental degradation in terms of water and air pollution in the study area.

Exploration of Properties of Meat Waste Incinerated Fly ash / Cement / Sand Dust associated Fly ash Bricks

In this modern technology the generation of meat waste causes the considerable impact to the environment and it creates higher level of air pollution, water pollution and land pollution. These pollution causes ill effects to human beings and other living organisms by the creation of harmful micro-organisms which accounts to spreading of diseases. In order to addressing this issue and to utilize the waste as the part of waste management. The meat waste that are incinerated in the specially designed incinerator which does not create any pollution. The fly ash obtained from the incineration of meat waste was incorporated in the manufacturing of fly ash bricks along with the fly ash obtained from the thermal power plant and these mixture are mixed with the sand / stone dust by using cement as the binding agent. Under various proportions the brick was manufactured according to the NTPC guidelines for manufacturing Quality fly ash bricks. After manufacturing the bricks, Brick’s property such as Compression strength test, Water absorption test and the Efflorescence property test were conducted in order to identify the best sample out of all manufactured fly ash brick samples. On manufacturing these types of bricks the environmental caused by the meat waste was reduced drastically.

Potential of pineapple wastes for Pectin recovery: A path towards waste valorization

Majority of agricultural wastes and crop residues like cereal brans, sugarcane bagasse, peels, pomace and sugar beet pulp act as the vital sources for natural production of biochemicals. The production of natural pectin from various agro-wastes can be focused as the major biotechnological tool taking much demand against the chemical production processes. Investigation was carried out for conversion of pineapple wastes towards isolation of pectin as a part of waste management. About 60% of total pineapple fruit is regards as waste in form of peel, core, pomace and crown. Maximum pectin was detected from pomace part of the pineapple.

Material Flow Analysis of Plastic Waste and Paper Waste from Waste Banks in Surabaya

Waste banks has been long being a part of waste management in Surabaya. Waste banks also plays a role in implementing the circular economy concept by collecting and reselling waste from household. The waste that has been collected from the waste banks were sold to the Main Waste Bank and small scrap dealers. This study aims to identify the material flows of plastic wastes and paper wastes from the waste bank to the recycling industry. The methods used for data collection includes survey and interview to the management of waste banks, management of the main waste bank, waste collectors, and management of the industries involved. The identification of material flows of plastic wastes and paper wastes from the waste banks to the recycling industries was done using the material flow analysis method. The material flow of the waste bank in the Central Surabaya region shown that the generation of waste generated at the waste bank was 34,815.1 kg per year. The waste was distributed to the main waste bank and waste collectors before finally being sold to the recycling industry and out of the system as plastic products at 13,041.45 kg per year and paper products at 20,311.14 kg per year.

Influence of waste marble powder as a replacement of cement on the properties of mortar

The demand for cement usage increases in the world, currently. It is known that using industrial waste materials in concrete as cement or aggregate replacement as part of waste management as well as conserving natural resources is getting wider. Due to these facts, in this work, an investigation was carried out on the utilization of waste marble powders as cement replacement mineral materials. In this context, marble powder replaced cement at 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% in mass basis, and mortars were produced. In mortar mixtures, water-binder ratio was chosen as 0.5, and sand-binder ratio was taken as 3. Workability of fresh mortar was measured. Unit weight, water absorption, and porosity, compressive and flexural strengths, abrasion, carbonation and drying shrinkage measurements testing were carried out on hardened mortar specimens. Influence of elevated temperature on hardened mortar mixture was also investigated. As a result of laboratory study, it is concluded that replacing marble powder with cement result with a favourable contribution to workability of fresh mortar, as well as resistance to elevated temperature. It also reduced drying shrinkage of mortar in comparison to reference mortar made without marble powder. However, it influenced water absorption, abrasion, and carbonation resistance of mortar, unfavourably. For short term curing duration, replacement of marble powder with cement reduced compressive strength insignificantly for 5% and 10% marble powder replacement, but, reduced it significantly for 15% and 20%. However, at long term curing at 90 days, the difference between strength of reference mortar and marble containing mortar was diminished, particularly for mortar containing 5% and 10% marble powde

Toward effective multi-sector partnership: A case of municipal solid waste management service provision in Bangkok, Thailand

An increasing amount of municipal solid waste needs an effective waste management system to provide reliable service, but in reality this has failed to respond to the demand. Partnership is considered as a potential solution that can increase waste management service performance. A public-private-community partnership was studied as a potential way to alleviate the impacts of ineffective waste management. Based on the tripartite service concept, the roles and relationships between service providers and service recipients were identified by incorporating analyzed results obtained from questionnaires, interviews, and site visits. Bangkok was selected as a representative urban city in a developing country that has experienced problems caused by ineffective waste management. The results showed that 87.2 percent of respondents thought that everyone should be responsible for and be part of waste management. A public-private-community partnership was a vital factor in a successful waste management system and also had high possibility to be implemented. In the partnership, essential roles were identified for each stakeholder sector including service recipients, intermediaries, and service providers. Based on the tripartite service concept, a modified conceptual model was proposed.

Monitoring indicators for Source Segregation in Municipal Solid Waste Management

Municipal solid waste management is a crucial component in building a sustainable society. It is a very visible part of waste management to a normal citizen. To perform waste management properly, good indicators of performance and process efficiency are needed. In this article, we extract 33 indicators, basic, extended and supplementary for municipal solid waste management based on literature and a survey among 28 waste management companies. Our conclusion is that while reporting needs for different stakeholders are very different, they can be satisfied with the basic indicators and combinations of them. A vision also emerged: waste flow monitoring should be as fluent as the monitoring of water and electricity consumption in properties.

The impact of increasing demand for efficiency and reliability on the performance of waste-to-energy plants

Waste-to-energy achieves two main objectives, the reduction in volume of waste and the recovery of energy. Volume reduction of waste is part of waste management while the use of waste as a fuel presents the opportunity to obtain electrical power and heat, thereby reducing the consumption of fossil fuels. The efficiency of waste-to-energy plants is therefore of considerable interest and substantial efforts are being made to maximize energy output from many plants. Plant efficiency can be considered in a number of ways and certain factors impose restrictions on the degrees of freedom when trying to achieve greater energy recovery. First and foremost, a waste incinerator is a tool within waste management and thus the waste (fuel) usually cannot be selected for composition and consistency. The provider of the operating license, the local authority, sends most of the waste to the incinerator. The operator usually has little scope to choose the waste stream, and consequently the energy input (calorific value of the waste) can vary and as a result will influence the steam parameters. However, regardless of the amount of energy recovered, very stringent limits on emissions to the environment must be respected as well as the pure waste management aspects. This paper addresses the main technical challenges facing waste-to-energy plant operators and the difficult balancing act that must be achieved between plant emissions, reliability and efficiency.

Equipment and methods for orchard spray application research I: Laboratory application equipment

Ziala Village of Satkhira District in Bangladesh is well known for cow dung management and biogas production. Biogas plants produce huge quantities of organic residues and biogas. Cow dung is widely used in the plant as a part of waste management and biogas production. The residues are used as organic fertilizer and biogas is used as fuel in the Ziala Village. Therefore, the study was conducted to observe the effectiveness of using cow dung residues produced in biogas plants and its subsequent impacts on socio-economic profile. The study was based on face to face interview of randomly selected dairy farmers in 2014. Twelve representative samples of biogas plants were randomly selected for interviewing. Findings suggested that renewable energy transfer system in the form of biogas plant was successful in converting cow dung into energy and nutrient rich organic fertilizer, which reduced the cost of purchasing chemical fertilizer for plant owners. Renewable energy transfer plants noticeably improved the overall cooking environment of the biogas digesters and reduced the time needed to collect firewood. This facilitates livestock management and preservation of forest resources. Biogas plants eventually contributed to elevate environmental condition and resource recovery which ultimately improved socio-economic profiles in terms of occupational distribution and educational attainment of the participating households. However, agricultural wastes and cow dung were not optimally managed by some households in surveyed area. This causes environmental degradation in terms of water and air pollution in the study area.