The cartilaginous part of the nose is narrower than the bony part. The structures of this area are elastic and move while breathing. Because of these reasons deformities in this area influence nasal ventilation to a high degree. Errors in corrective surgery of this area may occur as follows: 1. Poor correction of the deformed septal cartilage in area No. 1 and 2. In the classical submucous resection the important framework of the septum remains uncorrected. Only a septoplasty will give satisfactory results and will restore free nasal breathing. 2. Surgical treatment of the tension nose. The tension nose, i.e., small and high dorsum, with collapsed valves and alars, can be treated only by a complete septorhinoplasty. The dorsum has to be lowered by reducing the bony and cartilaginous framework. A simple septoplasty would not give good results. 3. Surgical treatment of ballooning valves. The ballooning phenomenon of the valves requires very special treatment. In these cases a reconstruction of the septum as well as the upper lateral cartilages is indicated. — No septum resection should be performed in order to gain space. This would increase breathing difficulties. The septum is rebuilt by using the displacement technique and the valve area is reconstructed with a composite graft in severe cases.