Parental Involvement In Children Research Articles

INVOLVEMENT OF PARENTS IN MODULAR DISTANCE LEARNING AMIDST COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN THE NORTHERN PART OF MINDANAO, PHILIPPINES

Parental involvement in child’s education has significant impact in the teaching-learning process especially in this time of pandemic. It enriches the interest of the learners by providing sufficient sustenance while he/she is in the stage of learning. This study determined the involvement of parents in modular distance learning of students in the northern part of Mindanao particularly in the division of Surigao del Sur amidst covid -19 pandemic. The study pursued answers on the contributory factors extended by parents and their involvement on the aspect of communication; learning at home; and financial support. The respondents of the study were the parents and students of the three selected schools in the division of Surigao del Sur. A validated researchers-made questionnaire checklist was used as the main tool in determining the extent of parental involvement to modular distance learning amidst covid-19 pandemic. Responses of parents and students were recorded and interpreted using appropriate statistical tool. Analysis showed that parent respondents are aware of their role especially in molding their child’s future, despite of their educational background and economic status. Likewise, the students are mindful of the efforts of their parents in giving them their needs especially if it is related to education.

Awareness of parents of hearing-impaired children about the importance of speech-language therapeutic interventions

Background: The importance of parental involvement of hearing-impaired children in their child's speech therapy cannot be denied. The current study aimed to determine parental awareness and involvement in the Speech-language therapeutic interventions of hearing-impaired children.
 Subjects and methods: This was a cross-sectional study design, and a purposive sampling technique was used. Data were collected from 45 parents (male=32, female=13) of hearing-impaired children whose children received speech therapy from special education centers and schools of Gujranwala. The duration of the study was nine months, from June 2019 to February 2020. A related questionnaire was developed with the literature, and expert opinions (Cronbach's α=0.894) were used to assess parental awareness and involvement in speech therapeutic interventions. Data entered and analyzed by SPSS version 23. Descriptive statistics were used to describe demographic variables (age, gender) of the participants. Frequency and percentage were used to access the awareness and involvement of the parents of hearing-impaired children.
 Results: Parental awareness survey showed that a total of 15 (33.3%) parents, both mother, and father, strongly agreed, and 24 (53.3%) agreed that speech therapy would be beneficial for their child. And results related to parents' involvement showed that 21 (46.7%) parents, both mother, and father, agreed, and 15 (33.3%) strongly agreed on their child's active involvement in speech therapy plans.
 Conclusions: The study concluded that most parents understand the importance of parental awareness and involvement in the therapeutic intervention of hearing-impaired children.

Style of meal service and feeding practices among Mexican American fathers and mothers: An analysis of video-recorded children's evening mealtime at home

The aim of this study was to examine video-recorded observations of evening family mealtime at home among Mexican American children to help elucidate style of meal service, fathers' and mothers' feeding practices and child's eating behavior. Consistent with guidelines for coding behaviors, we analyzed observational data of evening mealtimes of 71 Mexican American children aged eight to 10 years. Regarding style of meal service, in almost all cases (96%), parents plated the child's food, with more available on the table or counter in 40% of the observations. Mothers almost always served the child (94%). Regarding parental feeding practices, parents used positive involvement in meals (80%), pressure to eat (42%) and restriction of food (9%). Using food as a reward to control behavior was never used by either parent. The majority (75%) of children requested or negotiated to eat less food, or only eat certain items. In Mexican American families, both mothers and fathers play a role in family mealtimes and both use positive involvement in child's meals, and to a lesser extent pressure to eat, with their children aged eight to 10 years. To help reduce the obesity epidemic, intervention strategies are needed, which integrate the family, a plating style of meal and parental feeding practices that promote healthy eating in the home. To reduce obesity among Mexican American children, interventions that focus on parental positive involvement in child's meal and maintenance of home cooked meals could have a positive impact on the entire family.

Young adults' financial advice‐seeking behavior: The roles of parental financial socialization

AbstractObjectiveThis study investigated the association between family financial socialization during adolescence and seeking financial advice in early adulthood. Personality, financial risk tolerance, and financial knowledge were examined as mediators. Gender differences throughout the parental financial socialization process and outcome were also explored.BackgroundYoung adults are transitioning into adulthood. It has been found they lack fundamental financial knowledge and are more vulnerable to financial stress and financial shocks. Understanding young adults' financial advice‐seeking behavior is important because it is linked to positive financial outcomes. Parents serve as significant financial socialization agents for their children and can influence their financial knowledge, attitude, behavior, and long‐term well‐being. However, little attention has been paid to the role of parents in the financial socialization process on children's financial advice seeking in early adulthood.MethodUsing the 1997 National Longitudinal Survey of Youth and the family financial socialization model, we constructed a structural framework in which we could examine whether two aspects of family financial socialization, parenting style and receiving allowance, influenced young adults' propensity to seek financial advice. Also, the mediating roles of personality traits, financial risk tolerance, and financial knowledge were examined.ResultsPersonality traits, financial risk tolerance, and financial knowledge were directly associated with financial advice‐seeking behavior. Parenting style and receiving allowance during adolescence were indirectly associated with young adults' financial advice‐seeking behavior. Additional analyses by gender showed significant differences in the direct and indirect associations among financial socialization factors, personality traits, and financial advice‐seeking behavior between men and women.ConclusionThis study illustrates the association between early financial socialization and financial advice‐seeking behavior through psychological and knowledge factors focusing on the importance of family influence. Using a national dataset and the structural equation modeling method, we found insightful direct, indirect, and total effects of parental financial socialization on young adults' financial advice‐seeking behavior and significant gender differences in these effects.ImplicationsThe findings provide implications for policymakers and financial educators and practitioners. This study underscores the significant role of parents as financial socialization agents and their long‐term influence on adult children's financial advice‐seeking decisions. Current financial literacy programs not only should focus on educator–student relationships but also need to pay attention to parental involvement in children's financial socialization process. Adult financial education would help parents play a role in providing financial advice to their children as more capable socialization agents. Accessible financial counseling services at the community level can potentially meet the needs of young adults who have a lower financial knowledge to benefit from professional advice.

Challenges to Parental Involvement in Children’s ESL Learning

This paper highlights the findings from the research question, namely: “How do the participating parents work with their children at home?” This is a qualitative study involving seven participating parents of struggling readers of ESL in a Malaysian primary classroom. Interviews were conducted to obtain information from the participants and data was inductively analysed encompassing a co-construction of meaning between the participants’ expressions and researcher’s own interpretation. Two major themes emerged from the data namely involvement; and challenges. In this paper, the results of one of the main themes developed, that is challenges will be discussed. This paper focuses on three types of challenges reported by the participating parents of this study which are “parents and family factors”, “school and teacher factors” and “child factors”. The findings of this study suggest some implications for the system surrounding struggling readers in the Malaysian context including strengthening home-school relationship and establishing educational program for parents.

How Familial Cultural Capital Affects High-School Students’ Future Expectations: Two Cases of Anatolian High Schools in Istanbul

This study focuses on how Anatolian high school students anticipate their future considering upcoming university placement examinations and relatedly prospective career paths. Theoretical framework rests on Bourdieu’s concept of cultural capital and Annette Lareau & Elliot B. Weininger’s (2003) elaboration of the concept as familial cultural capital. Lareau & Weininger expand/relocate the concept of cultural capital, considering parental involvement in children’s flourishing of new skills, managing time effectively, and communicative skills such as confronting authority figures with a more entitled and self-directed way at educational settings. Lareau & Weininger attribute these tendencies to advantaged middle-class families. In another study, Annette Lareau (2003) also coins the term concerted cultivation. The term exemplifies upper-middle class families’ parenting style, their close interest in their children’s curricular and extra-curricular activities. Considering differences between middle-class and working-class home environments, Lareau discusses working-class families’ distinct parental world from their kids and middle-class families’ negotiation-based interaction between family members, which encourages children’s entitlement and self-direction at other interactions. In this study, I suggest considering another aspect of parental involvement in children’s education which represents a normative framing about future expectations amongst students coming from lower social class backgrounds. Additionally, I discuss how, despite their social class background, mothers play an influential role in children’s education confirming traditional reproduction roles. I present excerpts from a qualitative study, consisting of interviews and field notes from short ethnographic observations. I discuss a crucial difference between students coming from advantageous families and those that come from lower class families, regarding in-depth information about prospective careers, their extracurricular skills, and disadvantaged students’ adoption of guaranteed career paths.

Peningkatan Kompetensi Guru Sekolah Inklusi melalui Pendampingan Terstruktur (Perencanaan, Tindakan & Pengamatan, dan Refleksi)

Teachers are an important factor in optimizing inclusive education in certain educational units. In addition to classroom teachers, special teachers are also needed who have broad insight and skills in implementing inclusive learning in the classroom. In addition, parental involvement in children's education is a driving and determining factor in the development of inclusive education. Starting from making decisions regarding school placement, to collaboration between the education unit and parents who have children with special needs. With limited understanding and acceptance of the existence of ABK, teachers need skills in learning for ABK. Educational backgrounds that do not provide provisions for special education cause almost all teachers to face problems in dealing with children with special needs. This Community Service Program is one solution in an effort to provide the skills needed by inclusive school teachers at Ma'arif Prison in the form of handling children with special needs and indirectly as a form of improving the quality of learning in the classroom. The results of the pre-test and post-test showed a significant increase in competence in the aspects of awareness, knowledge, and skills of the trainee teachers. The average pre-test score was 54.67, while the post-test average score was 80.56. These results indicate that there is an increase in the understanding of the Ma'arif LP teachers regarding the service framework for inclusive students or with special needs which consists of early detection, consultation, collaboration and counseling. During the mentoring, the participants gave positive feedback on the activities and hoped that further activities would be applicable in relation to the implementation of inclusive education in educational units.

What does the state know (and want to know) about parental involvement in children’s school education?

The article poses a question about the scope of information concerning parental involvement, the collection of which results from the provisions of the educational law. The characteristics of the “Parents are school’s partners” requirement have been referred to the framework proposed by Epstein (1995). The analysis of the amendments of the Regulation demonstrates some slight changes in the approach to parental participation, limited to the four types in Epstein’s model (out of the six proposed by this researcher): parenting, communication between the school and the students’ homes, parental volunteering and decision-making participation. The changes are aimed at subtly limiting the of parents' influence, there are no attempts to extend the provisions of the Regulation to include other forms of participation. Then, based on the data collected during external evaluations in 94 schools (survey study on a non-random sample of 6676 parents and 86 group interviews with parents), a descriptive and comparative analysis of individual indicators was carried out, as well as thematic coding of fragments of the transcription of group interviews. Parents declare a relatively high level of satisfaction with the received support and decision-making participation, slightly lower with communication. These results vary depending on educational level and school type, which may be explained by the connection between involvement and child’s age and the differentiation in class allocation. The qualitative analysis shows that the decision-making participation, in most cases, does not exceed the minimum required by the educational law, and the exceptions to this rule are mostly artifactic activities.

Comparing Face-to-Face and Online Data Collection Methods in Preterm and Full-Term Children: An Exploratory Study.

The COVID-19 pandemic has transformed the landscape for children’s daily lives and the landscape for developmental psychology research. Pandemic-related restrictions have also significantly disrupted the traditional face-to-face methods with which developmental scientists produce research. Over the past year, developmental scientists have published on the best practices for online data collection methods; however, existing studies do not provide empirical evidence comparing online methods to face-to-face methods. In this study, we tested feasibility of online methods by examining performance on a battery of standardized and experimental cognitive assessments in a combined sample of 4- to 5-year-old preterm and full-term children, some of whom completed the battery face-to-face, and some of whom completed the battery online. First, we asked how children’s performance differs between face-to-face and online format on tasks related to verbal comprehension, fluid reasoning, visual spatial, working memory, attention and executive functioning, social perception, and numerical skills. Out of eight tasks, we did not find reliable differences on five of them. Second, we explored the role of parent involvement in children’s performance in the online format. We did not find a significant effect of parent involvement on children’s performance. Exploratory analyses showed that the role of format did not vary for children at risk, specifically children born preterm. Our findings contribute to the growing body of literature examining differences and similarities across various data collection methods, as well as literature surrounding online data collection for continuing developmental psychology research.

Parental Involvement and Academic Achievement in Muslim Minority Communities Living in the United Kingdom and Sri Lanka: Implications for Children’s Academic Excellence

This research examines parental involvement and academic achievement of children in the Sri Lankan Muslims ethnic minority living in the UK compared with the Sri Lankan Muslims living in Sri Lanka. Academic achievement of children was measured by selecting children who completed two-year end examination in 2020. Data were collected from 20 parents of children in each population and analysed with SPSS software. The perception of the community in the UK that the “academic achievement of their children is poor” has been proved wrong with a statistically highly significant performance record. The local Sri Lankans in Sri Lanka have been addressed, and there are no significant differences in the academic achievement between both populations.

Involvement of parents of children with ADHD in schools: Implications for social work practice

Summary School social workers and school counselors play an important role in providing support to the parents of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Issues regarding the barriers to parental involvement have not been well-explored empirically in social work. By means of semistructured interviews, this study explored the perspectives of 20 Mainland Chinese parents about parental involvement in their children’s education and in schools, parent–teacher relationships, the social factors that affect individual families, and the cultural and contextual factors that hinder parental involvement in children’s education. Findings Using thematic analysis, the researchers identified major themes: (a) emotional overinvolvement of parents in children’s education; (b) withdrawal of fathers; (c) positive and negative teacher–parent relationships; (d) contextual factors: school culture, system, and policies; and (e) parents’ preferred sources of support. Applications This research provides insight for school social workers and school counselors to develop supportive measures for parents of children with ADHD. Furthermore, it is recommended that social workers mediate tensions that arise from conflicts between teachers and parents. Social workers need to be sensitive to the power and cultural issues embedded in a parent–teacher relationship to facilitate parental involvement in school mental health services for children with ADHD. In particular, the cultural beliefs that affect parents and teachers relationships should not be ignored.

Parental Involvement or Interference? Rural Teachers’ Perceptions

This research explored rural state school teachers’ perceptions concerning parental involvement in children’s education in a developing country context. The data were collected through thematic interviews with teachers of public schools situated in the rural areas of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK), Pakistan. The study findings revealed teachers’ frustration and disappointment regarding parental involvement. Teachers believed that susceptible socioeconomic circumstances and adherence to local customs hindered many parents from participating in their children’s education. In line with this, teachers frequently held negative perceptions regarding children’s parents, and these perceptions have the potential to adversely affect parent–teacher communion and children’s learning. We offered several policy implications for enhancing parents’ roles and teachers’ competency in supporting parental involvement, which could also be practical in other developing countries sharing similar impediments, such as widespread illiteracy, poverty, and a lack of qualified teachers.

Ideals and realities in the involvement of Filipino immigrant mothers in their children’s education in South Korea

Parental involvement in children’s education plays a crucial role in a child’s life. However, meaningful parental involvement is often a difficult task for immigrant parents because of multiple challenges such as limited resources and information, language barriers, and cultural differences. This article presents findings from qualitative research interviews on the involvement of Filipino immigrant mothers in their children’s education in South Korea. The results indicate that the immigrant parents take their children’s education seriously. They want to raise their children to be happy and successful, knowing that performing well in school is the key to a successful life as an adult, especially in a nation with a fervor for education. Like other parents, they are willing to devote themselves to their children above all else. Compared with previous studies, not many barriers to involvement were revealed in this study. Only two, language barriers and financial concerns, were expressed by all participants as obstacles to involvement in their children’s education. Yet, the true, hidden barrier is how the immigrant parents view their Korean proficiency. They over-emphasize the language barrier, which causes them to avoid conversations with others.

Family capital and parental involvement among parents in public elementary and secondary schools in the Philippines: perspectives of parents and children

ABSTRACT This paper examines the different forms of family capital in the context of parental involvement in children’s schooling. This paper has three-fold goals. First, it ascertains the level of parental involvement of Filipino parents as perceived by the parents themselves and their children. Second, it investigates the impacts of various forms of capital on parental involvement. Third, it determines which type of capital will have a significant impact on parental involvement. This paper is based on a survey among elementary and secondary students and their parents of purposively selected 29 elementary and secondary schools in the Philippines. These schools were selected as they were part of a corporate social responsibility project. This paper concludes that parental involvement among parents from low-income households is generally low. Parents are relatively more involved in parenting for education. Results of the multiple regression analysis reveal that membership in CCT (Conditional Cash Transfer), participation in community activities, parent’s level of education, and family size predicted parental involvement. The results point to the idea that parents with better social and human capital are likely the ones who will be more involved in their children’s education.

Parental Involvement in Computer Science Education and Computing Attitudes and Behaviours in the Home: Model and Scale Development

This work is situated in research on Parental Involvement (PI) in Computer Science (CS) Education. While the importance of PI in children's education is well established, most parents have little experience in CS and struggle to facilitate the learning of a child in the area. If PI in CS Education is to happen, then we argue that parents need support and that understanding the current behaviours and attitudes toward CS in the family context is important to discerning the form that support should take. This article therefore describes the development of an instrument to identify factors relating to parental attitudes toward and motivation for PI in CS education. Relevant variables situated in the context of parental computing behaviours and attitudes in the home were identified using a literature review and expert focus group. These include computing usage, availability, confidence, and experience. To measure these variables, a survey instrument was developed and administered to a large sample of parents ( n = 1228). Results of exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis confirm that the instrument measures five constructs, namely “Confidence,” measuring parental confidence levels with computing; “Attitude to PI”; “Motivation for PI”; and two types of “Usage”: Creation and Consumption. Results of Pearson correlation revealed significant positive relationships between confidence and both positive attitudes toward, and motivation for, PI, with linear regressions confirming that confidence was a significant predictor of both. Regression analysis also identified that creative usage was a predictor of positive attitudes to PI, and that programming experience was a predictor of attitude to, and motivation for, PI. These findings were further validated through triangulation with qualitative data from focus groups with the target population. We conclude that this understanding of the predictors of PI attitudes and motivation should inform the design of initiatives to address parental engagement in CS Education.

Depressive symptom trajectories and their gender differences in adolescents from multicultural families in South Korea: an ecological perspective

ABSTRACT This study examines the depressive symptom trajectories in middle-school adolescents from multicultural families in South Korea and explores their predictors from the ecological systems perspective. Using the latent growth model, we analysed a sample from the Multicultural Adolescents Panel Survey (2014–2016). Our findings revealed that depressive symptoms increased persistently with age. Girls presented a systematically higher risk of depressive symptoms than boys. Family support, two-parent families, parental monitoring, learning, friendships, positive perceptions about the residential area, and good health reduced depressive symptoms. Parental neglect, bullying, parental involvement in children’s grade, and acculturative stress increased depressive symptoms.

Barriers to parental involvement in children’s religious education: A case of Nairobi chapel church Karen

Barriers to parental involvement in children’s religious education: A case of Nairobi chapel church Karen

Parents’ Involvement in Students’ Academic Achievement in Distance Learning Process During the Pandemic of Covid-19

This study examined the parents’ involvement in students’ Distance Learning during the pandemic of Covid-19 concerning with the school’s policy. This research aimed to explore the private junior high school students’ academic achievement in the pandemic of Covid-19 which was influenced by social factors, such as teachers, parents’ motivational beliefs (Hoover-Dempsey & Sandler, 1995) and home-based and school-based parental involvement (Epstein, 1995). Qualitative method was used to do this study specifically employed a case study design. Questionnaire and semi-structured interview were used to collect the data. 20 parents, eight grade students, homeroom teacher and principle would be the participants in this study. Likert scale and open-ended questionnaire were used to know the participants’ responses on parent’s involvement in children’s education in the Distance Learning. Semi-structured interview would be used to interview the three parents, three students, homeroom teacher and principle for exploring their deep opinions on parental involvement in children’s education success in Distance Learning during the pandemic of Covid-19. The results showed the positives beliefs of parents, students, and school in parents’ involvement in order to influence students’ academic achievement, especially in Distance Learning. At home, parents agreed to control and guide their children in doing the assignments, while at school, they took part in school’s meetings and seminars held by the school.

A Review of Parental Input, Investment and Social Stratification in Children's Sport Participation

Background: The difference of parental involvement in children's sport activities is a hot social issue when parental socio-economic background is investigated. Parental input, investment and social stratification could influence children's sport participation. Purpose: This study investigates the levels of parental physical activity and their investment in children's sport involvement across different socio-economic backgrounds. It expects to find out the best predictor in understanding the relationship of parental sport involvement across different socio-economic situation. Methods: Questionnaire survey method was selected and 863 valid questionnaires were collected. The questionnaire content included questions about families' basic information, social stratification, parental physical activity and parental investment in children's sport involvement. Results: When parents in low, middle and high social classes were compared, there were significant differences in parents' levels of physical activity, spiritual support, financial support, opportunities given and daily physical activity (all p < 0.01). Significant correlations between daily physical activity, physical exercise and social stratification were found (p < 0.01). Another significant correlation was found between spiritual and financial support, opportunities given and social stratification (p < 0.01). Parental investment, parents' level of physical activity and physical exercise were the predictive values for understanding children's sport involvement. Conclusion: The higher social stratification, the higher parental physical activity and parental investment will be involved in children's sport. Physical exercise had the highest predictive power as it related to parental investment in children's sports participation.

Guiding the young child: trajectories of parents’ educational work in Singapore

Singapore has established a reputation as a top performer in international student assessment tests and rankings, which is usually understood to be the result of a competitive education system and a distinct Asian parenting culture. Drawing on ethnographic data, the aim of the article is to explore the emotional and moral dimensions of Singaporean parents’ educational work, and how they cope with complex and sometimes contradictory demands in raising their young children. The article is based on interviews and observations with parents of pre- and primary school-aged children. The reasons for focusing specifically on this category of parents was that previous research indicates that parental involvement in children’s education in Singapore is most intense during this period, and that parents everywhere are faced with increasing expectations to attend to their young children’s learning and cognitive development. The findings contest simplistic interpretations of intensive parenting in East Asia, especially when considering the role of social class, gender and generational change.