Paradigmatic Reference Research Articles

Can artistic practices inform an unlearning of normative thought structures?

positionality within the framework of Western Modernity most poignantly is depicted through agency's interpretation as one-sided. It accounts for a belief in control and mastery over a presumably silent or mute 'othered' side, leading to an exclusionary and singular view of the world. Essential for breaching this prevalent approach are questions like how can other knowledges be approached without being appropriated, how can something unknown be made perceptible when generally approved unable as to provide a valuable contribution? Practice-based research emphasises the intertwining of practice and theory rather than juxtaposing reason over the sensual, culture to nature. Focusing on results based on intuition and creativity activates a link between science and the arts. Such intertwining involves the participation across sectors and informs a specific sensitivity to differently defined norms. Creative research's prospect of divergent approaches in these transdisciplinary excursions entails an awareness for critical attitudes and differing possibilities. Its potential to address the normative frameworks surrounding the specific fields derives from these experiences. The text argues that these transversal abilities of creative research are essential for interrogating a worldview based on western modernity towards a co-constitutional attitude. A paradigmatic reference is an engagement with sound/noise in performance practice, as equally on a theoretical level. The intertwined approach allowed to unravel potentialities and also problematics surfacing throughout the project. Response-ability to the resonance of a new tone necessitates an openness to encounter 'new' or other knowledges, which incites an inherent co-constitutional ethics following feminist new materialism.

Electrostatics and domains in ferroelectric superlattices.

The electrostatics arising in ferroelectric/dielectric two-dimensional heterostructures and superlattices is revisited within a Kittel model in order to define and complete a clear paradigmatic reference for domain formation. The screening of the depolarizing field in isolated ferroelectric or polar thin films via the formation of 180° domains is well understood, where the width of the domains w grows as the square-root of the film thickness d, following Kittel’s Law for thick enough films (w ≪ d). For thinner films, a minimum is reached for w before diverging to a monodomain. Although this behaviour is known to be qualitatively unaltered when the dielectric environment of the film is modified, we consider the quantitative changes in that behaviour induced on the ferroelectric film by different dielectric settings: as deposited on a dielectric substrate, sandwiched between dielectrics, and in a superlattice of alternating ferroelectric/dielectric films. The model assumes infinitely thin domain walls, and therefore is not expected to be reliable for film thickness in the nanometre scale. The polarization field P(r) does vary in space, deviating from ±PS, following the depolarizing field in linear response, but the model does not include a polarization-gradient term as would appear in a Ginzburg–Landau free energy. The model is, however, worth characterizing, both as paradigmatic reference, and as applicable to not-so-thin films. The correct renormalization of parameters is obtained for the thick-film square-root behaviour in the mentioned settings, and the sub-Kittel regime is fully characterized. New results are presented alongside well-known ones for a comprehensive description. Among the former, a natural separation between strong and weak ferroelectric coupling in superlattices is found, which depends exclusively on the dielectric anisotropy of the ferroelectric layer.

Maxiprocessos criminais, corrupção e mídia: uma análise a partir da operação lava jato

O estudo possui como objetivo compreender em que medida os maxiprocessos, dos quais a Operação Lava Jato é uma referência paradigmática, e os meios de comunicação de massa contribuíram para a transformação do processo penal no Brasil. Desde o método dialético e de uma perspectiva transdisciplinar que assume os aportes teóricos da criminologia crítica, o trabalho será orientado pela seguinte questão: de que forma a articulação entre a Operação Lava Jato e a narrativa jornalística hegemônica sobre a corrupção contribuiu para a ressignificação dos elementos estruturantes do processo penal? A investigação assume como hipótese que a construção simbólica da realidade pela mídia e a ascensão da Lava Jato promoveram a mutação das fontes de legitimação do processo penal brasileiro, cristalizando a crença de que o controle eficiente do crime requer a expansão do poder punitivo e a introdução de novos métodos processuais que restrinjam os direitos e garantias fundamentais, como é o caso da colaboração premiada e de outros institutos vinculados à justiça negocial.

La modernità nel teatro egiziano: l’esempio di Naǧīb al-Rīḥānī

Abstract Arab modernity, in theatre, is characterized by the foundational discourse that grew out of the encounter with European theatre and culture. Traditional types of dramatic representation, some even going back to the pre-Islamic period, were largely neglected by authors and critics, between the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century. They preferred to overlook the influence of popular Arabic theatre and reconnect to the ‘Italian’ theatre. Egyptian playwrights imported the structure of the plays, but they adapted it to the Arabic social context and used it for their own cultural project. This study deals with the themes, the reference samples and the characters, in their relationships with the Egyptian cultural field. After a presentation of the major models in the modern Arab theatre, I will focus on Naǧīb al-Rīḥānī in order to investigate which were the paradigmatic references and characters for one of the main actor and playwright of Egyptian modernity.

Juan Monserrat Vergés: masonería y arquitectura en Granada. El ejemplo del Buen Suceso

El s. XIX en Granada fue propicio para la consolidación del carácter filantrópico de la masonería. Numerosas logias se crearon en la provincia, cifrándose en 475 sus miembros en la ciudad. Este artículo pretende ser una aproximación a uno de los arquitectos masones más relevantes de este período, Juan Monserrat. El Arzobispado, la Universidad y el Ayuntamiento de Granada, fueron algunos de sus comitentes institucionales. También realizaría obras para la burguesía granadina como los Rodríguez-Acosta. El ejemplo presentado es el de una casa de estética masónica, obra paradigmática que repercutirá en la construcción de la Gran Vía de Colón.

The legal-political realization of the right to health in the Brazilian Supreme Court: the paradigmatic reference of SL 47-AgR/PE

The legal-political realization of the right to health in the Brazilian Supreme Court: the paradigmatic reference of SL 47-AgR/PE

Vernetzungsstrukturen digitaler Wörterbücher. Neue Ansätze zur Analyse / Cross-linking structures of digital dictionaries. New approaches for analysis / La structure des liens croisés dans les dictionnaires électroniques

Abstract In this contribution, we present a novel approach for the analysis of cross-reference structures in digital dictionaries on the basis of the complete dictionary database. Using paradigmatic items in the German Wiktionary as an example, we show how analyses based on graph theory can be fruitfully applied in this context, e. g. to gain an overview of paradigmatic references as a whole or to detect closely connected groups of headwords. Furthermore, we connect information about cross-reference structures with corpus frequencies and log file statistics. In this way, we can answer questions such as the following ones: Are frequent words paradigmatically linked more closely than others? Are closely linked headwords or headwords that stand more solitary in the dictionary visited significantly more often?

Complexity of the Paradigms Present in Quality Criteria of Qualitative Research Grids

With qualitative methods being increasingly used in health science fields, numerous grids proposing criteria to evaluate the quality of this type of research have been produced. Expert evaluators deem that there is a lack of consensual tools to evaluate qualitative research. Based on the review of 133 quality criteria grids for qualitative research in health sciences, the authors present the results of a computerized lexicometric analysis, which confirms the variety of intra- and inter-grid constructions, including within the same field. This variety is linked to the authors’ paradigmatic references underlying the criteria proposed. These references seem to be built intuitively, reflecting internal representations of qualitative research, thus making the grids and their criteria hard to compare. Consequently, the consensus on the definitions and the number of criteria becomes problematic. The paradigmatic and theoretical references of the grids should be specified so that users could better assess their contributions and limitations.

Marvin Denham Girardeau

Marvin Denham Girardeau

Significant signs: a case study of citation practices in educational research

Citations have a central role in the dynamic process of knowledge development and as measures of research performance – yet little is known about their role in educational research or the qualities they are assumed to measure. Based on a citation context analysis, this study shows how a paradigmatic reference within classroom research has been used in 90 articles in educational research journals. Four types of content and four citation functions were identified in the immediate context of the citation symbols. Surprisingly, no critical citations or discussions of the validity of the cited study were found. The results are discussed in relation to the conditions for communication within a field without disciplinary cohesion.

Notes on an Ecology of Paradigms

The ecology of paradigms conceptualises an alternative perspective on culture. The focus is on practice and understands culture as the paradigmatic reference of a community of practice. This looks at procedures of self‐observation and self‐description as well as on the routines of meaning creation and sense making. The perspective brought forward is radical by focussing primarily on communities of practice. And it is amplified by the modern proliferation of roles carried out and played by the individual calling in this sense for different paradigmatic references.This coexistence of different paradigmatic references holds for the individual as well as for the wider, even global scale. It acknowledges professions next to religions, next to youth and pop culture and next to administrative procedures. Ecology, the science of coexistence allows the synopsis of different cultures on a scale ranging from competition to symbiosis. The clash of civilisations happens at the same time as the coevolution of protestant ethics and capitalism. Based on the concept of ecology of paradigms, we can take a proactive stand and cease to submit reactively to traditions and catechisms. We may start to see possibilities and responsibilities, which come with our practices and their paradigmatic references. And finally, note that evolution correlates with symbiosis and not with competition. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Theoretical reflections on legal pluralism and global constitutionalism: Their possible reconciliation in an alternative model of plural constitutionalism

Over the past few decades, the complex process of globalization has dissolved the traditional concept of state sovereignty and neutralized the clear distinction between national and international law. Thus, legal scholarship has formulate alternative conceptual schemes to frame the fragmentation of the new global legal order. In the paper, I focus on the two typically antithetical approaches of legal pluralism and global constitutionalism. Legal pluralism emphasizes the diversity and the multiplicity of the global legal realm, while global constitutionalism is traditionally related to concepts of unity and hierarchy, whose paradigmatic reference is the state. The aim of the inquiry is to establish a theoretical basis and provide the conceptual tools to reconcile the two opposite approaches, first describing the main traits of each model, and then hypothesizing a hybrid model of plural constitutionalism. In the end, I will raise the question, from a constitutional but open point of view, whether it is real...

Geoarchaeological Context of the Motilla de la Vega Site (Spain) Based on Electrical Resistivity Tomography

ABSTRACTDuring the Bronze Age, the region of La Mancha Occidental (Spain) was occupied by prehistoric settlements in which the protection of basic resources was a primary concern. The structure of these settlements comprised several concentric walls that surrounded conical mounds around 4–10 m high. The Motilla de la Vega is an unexcavated site next to the Azuer River, and is only 4 km from another Bronze Age village, called Motilla del Azuer, which has been subject to systematic archaeological excavations and is the paradigmatic reference for these settlements. As Motilla del Azuer had a well inside its walls and this fort is located in a similar geological setting, it is logical to ask whether Motilla de la Vega also had a well inside its walls, and to determine whether it is possible to extend similar architectonic and social patterns to other settlements that occupied the river valleys of this region. In this study, we used the electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) method to detect the possible location of a well in Motilla de la Vega. In order to plan appropriate data acquisition, and to evaluate the optimal parameters for processing the field data, we performed a numerical modelling exercise to simulate the likely ERT responses based on the geological information and on the constructive scheme of the excavated well in Motilla del Azuer. Afterwards, we carried out five ERT profiles over the levelled Motilla de la Vega site and some of them have resistive anomalies similar to those that synthetic models predict for a well. Consequently, we propose the existence of a well placed in the eastern side of Motilla de la Vega, with the same relative position as the well of Motilla del Azuer. This has implications for the understanding of other sites in the region. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

A nova desordem narrativa-sujeito, tempo e discurso acentrados no romance de mulheres em Portugal

O artigo situa e analisa "a outra revolução" desencadeada pelo romance português entre finais das décadas de sessenta e de oitenta do século XX, com particular destaque para a ficção escrita por mulheres. Tomando como rerefência paradigmática a Obra de escritoras como Maria Velho da Costa, Teolinda Gersão e Maria Gabriela Llansol (para além de muitas outras, incluindo alguns romances no masculino), evidenciam-se os sinais da "desordem" trazida para o corpo do romance ao nível do enunciado, da temporalidade, do discurso polifónico e da hibridação genológica.

L'écriture de l'histoire grecque en France au XIXe siècle : temporalités historiques et enjeux politiques

Is it pertinent to study the tales of ancient Greece in light of the historic temporalities that govern their narratives ? This author believes that it is, and this article is an attempt to map out the political stakes that, in the 19th century, marked the historical discourse about Athenian democracy. The first of two parts examines Volney and Benjamin Constant's critique of the way in which the Greco-Roman model evoked revolution and assesses the significance of their analysis. The second part analyses the Greek tales written by Victor Duruy and Louis Menard and looks at how the work of George Grote was received in France. At the time of the Revolution, references to the Greco-Roman world drew on a conception of time based on the immutability of nature and a historicity that beat to the rhythm of progress. The ancient world thus emerges both as a role model and as a witness to the distance that separates antiquity from modem times. It is the paradigmatic reference to antiquity that became marginalized in the aftermath of the Reign of Terror. It was denounced not only as an inopportune imitation but, even worse, as being devoid of any historic meaning or, in other words, deeply «anti-historic». How, then, has the writing of history, been affected by the dissolution of the historia magistra vitae and by the Greek world's subsequent introduction into the historical process of the rise of western civilisation ?

Bioethical language and its dialects and idiolects.

In their search for answers to the relevant theoretical questions on importing knowledge in practical ethics, the authors take an instrumental approach to metaphor. This figure of language allows one to compare language and linguistic variants to bioethics and knowledge. As defined by the dictionary, an 'idiom' is the official language of a nation, a 'dialect' is a regional variant of an idiom, and an 'idiolect' is an individual variant of a dialect. The bioethical idiom is thus seen as a linguistic set constituting a 'bioethical nation'. Since it is situated above particular dialects, it exercises more than a regulatory role over the discipline. In this article, in order to focus on the process of transmission of knowledge in bioethics, the authors chose Diego Gracia's work as a paradigmatic reference to the question on the transculturation of dialects and the relations in bioethics which are considered 'peripheral' or 'central'. Although this researcher found the key question pointing to the core of the problem of importing dialects, he is still searching for a proper answer to the cultural/bioethical context/contradiction.

Models of the physician-patient relationship

To the Editor. —Because we are always interested in concise, carefully trimmed conceptualizations of complex phenomena, we read with interest "Four Models of the Physician-Patient Relationship" by Emanuel and Emanuel. 1 While the article does manage to clearly characterize four models of the physician-patient relationship and argue "descriptively and prescriptively" in favor of one "ideal" relationship—the deliberative model—we feel that the pigeonholing of idealized approaches to patient care confuses rather than simplifies the whole matter. It is not wise to adopt any single model "as the shared, paradigmatic reference" of the physician-patient relationship. What strikes us as the most important and the most delicate and elusive aspect of the physician-patient relationship is the physician's potential ability to assimilate into the treatment of disease the diverse and changing desires of patients, allowing for moods, phases, growth, and idiosyncracies. While we don't believe in the concept of an ideal physician, we think

Models of the Physician-Patient Relationship

To the Editor. —Because we are always interested in concise, carefully trimmed conceptualizations of complex phenomena, we read with interest Four Models of the Physician-Patient Relationship by Emanuel and Emanuel. 1 While the article does manage to clearly characterize four models of the physician-patient relationship and argue descriptively and prescriptively in favor of one relationship—the deliberative model—we feel that the pigeonholing of idealized approaches to patient care confuses rather than simplifies the whole matter. It is not wise to adopt any single model the shared, paradigmatic reference of the physician-patient relationship. What strikes us as the most important and the most delicate and elusive aspect of the physician-patient relationship is the physician's potential ability to assimilate into the treatment of disease the diverse and changing desires of patients, allowing for moods, phases, growth, and idiosyncracies. While we don't believe in the concept of an ideal physician, we think