Packaging Bags Research Articles

Development of a Method for Calculating the Thickness of a Sleeping Bag Package Under Specified Operating Conditions

В статье предложена методика определения тепловой защиты спальных мешков, основанная на анализе параметров физиологического состояния человека и позволяющая рассчитывать необходимую толщину пакета для комфортного сна в заданных условиях эксплуатации.

Response of physical parameters of tomato against various kinds of packaging materials

The present study was conducted in Horticulture Lab at School of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, RIMT University, Mandi Gobindgarh, Punjab, India. This investigation was done to study the effect of different types of packaging materials on shelf-life, quality and storage of tomato cv. Heemsohna during the year 2020. The results revealed that out of the seven treatments, the treatment T4 (Black Polythene) showed best result as compared to other treatments except treatment T3 (Yellow Polythene) were recorded highest fruit weight, fruit length, fruit diameter and fruit pH. Thus, it can be concluded that packaging of tomato fruits in polyethylene bags resulted in longer shelf-life and improved quality of the produce followed by packaging in black polythene bags. It was concluded that tomatoes wrapped in polyethylene bags were better in quality with longer shelf life.

THE CHARACTERISTIC OF ROBUSTA POWDER COFFE IN VARIOUS SIZE TYPES and COFFE WEIGHT ON SACHETS

This research aims to determine the performance influence of sachets on various sizes of bags and the weight of coffee to the characteristics of the brew of coffee bags. The study uses a completely random design with 2 treatment factors, the first factor of the volume of contents in the bag and the second factor of the packaging bag size. Analyzed With ANOVA dan when the effect is noticeable. It will be followed by using a DMRT at 5%. significant levels. The research at moisture and ash content is suitable for the raw material of coffee bags. Coffee Sari qualified SNI is on the treatment of the volume of 1/4 content and small bag size with a yield of 22.02% coffee juice. The results of the analysis on the missing coffee weight test were obtained the highest value found in the volume of the 1/3 content with a large bag size resulted in 2.73 grams of lost coffee weight. The lowest value is on the 1/2 content volume and the medium size is 0.17 grams. The sensory test was derived that the panelists preferred it to the size of a large bag and the appropriate volume of contents to fill the bag with a volume of 1/3.Keywords: Bag size and coffee weight, Coffee characteristics.

Musculoskeletal Pain and its Association with School Bag Weight and Diet Intake: A Cross-Sectional Study among School-Going Adolescents in Delhi

Background: Prevalence of musculoskeletal pain is increasing in adolescent school students. This studyconducted to assess the role of heavy bag packs and faulty dietary habits in the causation of musculoskeletalpain.Methods: The study was conducted in school going 1600 adolescent school students of Delhi, India fromApril 2018 to March 2019. The demographic profile, symptoms of pain in neck, shoulder and back wasrecorded through a validated questionnaire and the simplified dietary gap assessment tool was applied toassess the dietary habits. The weight of the school bag was measured. The prevalence of musculoskeletalpain was 56.8% among adolescent school students. The musculoskeletal pain was significantly higher inthose students who were carrying bag weight 10-15% of their body weight and was two times higher thanthose students who were carrying bag weight less than 10% of their body weight. Students having dietarygap score of less than 5 out of 10 were more prevalent to get musculoskeletal pain than those having dietaryscore more than 8.Conclusions: Carrying of heavy school bag weight and gap in the diet among the school going adolescentscan lead to musculoskeletal pain

The Understanding and Purchase Decision of Environmentally Friendly Products Based on Gender

The paid plastic bag policy is an effort to train the community to help lessen the use of plastic and switch to different products such as cardboard or recycled packaging bags as some mini markets do. Those who do not consider environmentally friendly products describe that they are people who do not understand the environment. The purpose of this research is wanting obtain information on the knowledge of products environmentally friendly on gender (male / female) of the decision the purchase. The study is done in jakarta and its surroundings.In this study, sample divided into categories consumers consumers men and women, employees and manager location, the number of members sample each category at least 30. The research method used in this study is mixed methods. The target population in this study is a minimarket that has run a paid plastic program in Jakarta. Analysis of the data used in this study uses two approaches, namely, a qualitative approach and a quantitative approach. The results of this study indicate that there is no difference between understanding and purchasing decisions that men and women have regarding environmentally friendly products.
 Keywords: environment understanding, purchase decision, gender, green products

The characteristic change of plastic film from common used packing bags under UV photodegradation

<p indent="0mm">Since its invention, plastic has brought great changes to our daily life. It is considered as one of the most basic materials for the development of modern society. Most of the plastic produced are used for packaging and disposable products. Due to the high disposable rate and mismanagement, a large amount of plastic debris enters the marine environment. Potentially lasting several hundred years in the environment, the large plastic debris can be continuously broken into microplastics which are smaller than <sc>5 mm</sc> under the action of ultraviolet light, heat, wind, tide, wave and bacteria etc. Therefore, the amount of microplastics will keep rising in the ocean. Microplastics is considered as a new emerging pollutant and has become a global concern. Understanding the degradation process of plastic in the environment is important for evaluating the contribution of plastic debris as one microplastics source. In this work, polyethylene film from 6 kinds of packaging bags commonly used in our daily life, i.e., food packing bag, garbage bag, thick film, and express packing bag, were selected to carry out photodegradation experiment under ultraviolet radiation in the laboratory. Properties of plastic films were investigated by tensile tests, infra-red spectrometry and scanning electron microscope at various time intervals. The results showed that the elongation-at-break of six kinds of polyethylene film decreased with increasing of UV exposure time. While Young’s modulus showed a trend of increase-decrease with increasing exposure time in general. The yield strength showed a general increasing-decreasing or decreasing trend with increasing exposure time. PE films from food packing bag and degradable garbage bag became brittle and tended to break into microplasics after <sc>36 h</sc> under UV irradiation of <sc>160 W/m².</sc> However, the retained elongation-at-break of PE film from express packing bag was up to 76% after <sc>180 h</sc> UV irradiation. Chain scission and structure changes occurred during photodegradation process. FT-IR spectra indicated that difference existed in photodegraded process among PE films from six kinds of plastic bags. Ether group existed in FT-IR spectra of PE film from food packing bag, while ketone, ester, carboxylic acid, and vinyl group appeared in the spectra of thick film and express packing bag. Carbonyl index, crystallinity index and vinyl index of films from food packing bag, thick film and express packing bag increased at various degrees with prolongation of exposure time. The microstructure at tensile fracture surface became smoother after photodegradation, showing appearance of small fragments. This indicated that the intermolecular force decreased significantly, which was consistent with the trend of mechanical properties. The plastic packing bags commonly used in our daily life tend to become brittle and fragment into small pieces under ultraviolet radiation and become one source of microplastics in environment. These results can provide basic data and theoretical support for study of environmental behavior processes of plastic debris and source of microplastics, assessment of environmental risk, etc.

English

The quality and shelf life of French beans can be affected within hours of harvesting if the produce is not cooled after harvest. Solar-powered cooling systems are suitable for use in rural areas that are not connected to the grid. This study aimed at developing a solar powered cooling system to improve the quality of French beans in smallholder farms in Kenya. Freshly harvested French beans were stored under conventional field shed conditions and a solar-powered prototype cooler, after which weight and temperature were measured at intervals of 2 h and later packed in modified, atmosphere packaging bags. The bags were stored for 7 days in a cold room. Accumulated gas levels of oxygen and CO2 in the packaging bags were measured at the end of the shelf life. Significant differences (P≤0.05) in weight loss between produce stored in the conventional shed and those in the solar cooler prototype were observed. The weight of French beans reduced by 5 and 2.8% after 7 h under a conventional field shed and a fabricated solar cooler respectively. The volume of CO2 and O2 released from produce stored in a conventional shed and those in a fabricated solar cooler prototype were significantly different (P≤0.05). Key words: Conventional cooling method, French beans, temperature, solar cooler, weight loss.

ENERGY EFFICIENT TECHNOLOGY OF DRYING AND STORAGE OF SEEDS OF GRAIN CROPS WITH THE USE OF HEAT PUMPS

Energy efficiency of the drying process today is the main parameter that affects the choice of drying mode. Seed requires more careful selection of technology and equipment, which is associated with quality characteristics. Seed material to maintain high germination is dried at low temperatures, the operation of the grain dryer at high temperatures significantly reduces the quality and requires the development of special technology for the production and storage of seeds of cereals. The article reviews the increase in energy efficiency of equipment for drying grain seeds. Traditional seed drying technologies are too expensive and significantly increase the cost. The developed energy-efficient technologies are more aimed at drying food grain with a process at high temperature, which allows to use the high temperature potential of spent coolant at the outlet of the dryer, which can be recycled and re-directed to heat the drying agent at the dryer. When drying the seeds of cereals, it is necessary to carry out the process at low temperatures, which reduces the efficiency of the temperature potential of the spent coolant. Therefore, to increase the energy efficiency of the drying process and technology, it is proposed to use heat pumps that ensure the quality of seed material. The article also analyzes heat losses and recommends measures to reduce losses during drying, which provide for the use of heat pump units. Energy-efficient technology of drying and storage of seeds of grain crops provides operations of sifting, drying, storage, division into fractions, pickling, packing in bags. A 5-zone grain dryer with step drying modes using a heat pump and a generator motor has been developed for seed grain. Comparison of energy efficiency of different drying units showed that the proposed technical solutions are verified by calculations and heat consumption is much lower and is 3024 kJ / kg vip . moisture.

Variable VOCs in plastic culture flasks and their potential impact on cell volatile biomarkers.

In order to find out cancer markers in human breath, in vitro cell culture is often used to study the characteristic volatile organic compounds (VOCs). In the cell culture process, disposable vessels are frequently adopted. However, these vessels are normally made of plastic, and they have the possibility to release some VOCs, which may interfere with the cell-specific volatiles and even can result in an incorrect conclusion. In this study, by using glass cell culture flasks as control, the headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS) analyses of the VOCs in plastic cell culture flasks were systematically carried out for the first time. A total of 35 VOCs were detected in five brands of flasks. In each flask, there were between 13 and 25 volatile compounds. Furthermore, the components and packaging bag of each flask were also sampled and analyzed by HS-SPME-GC-MS. The results show that the flask cap, septum, flask body, and packaging bag exhibit respectively different volatile behaviors. The former two parts release the most volatiles which have obvious contributions to the headspace gases in the flasks, while the flask body mainly liberates styrene. For different flasks packed within the same bag, the headspace analyses show that their residual VOCs are inconsistent with each other. Moreover, the residual VOCs in the same flask are variable in three consecutive days. These results indicate that the multiple flasks in parallel cell culture experiments, or the same flask with different cell culture durations, will produce an indelible disturbance to the cell-specific VOCs. In addition, among the 35 VOCs detectable in five brands of empty plastic flasks, 15 VOCs were previously reported as characteristic VOCs from lung cancer, melanoma, cervical cancer cells, or normal cells. This is an alert that, when using plastic flasks, it must be careful to treat the possible interference from the background VOCs in the flasks. This study demonstrates that the cell culture tool needs to be standardized, and the clean glass or metal vessels are strongly recommended for usage when studying cell volatile biomarkers. Graphical abstract.

Effect of in-bag carcass decontamination method on shelf life of whole chicken carcasses packaged in plastic bags

This study was undertaken to investigate the changes in the microbiological and sensorial attributes of fresh chicken carcasses immersed in decontamination solutions, followed by packaging in plastic bags in which decontamination solution was added during storage at 4 °C. The samples were taken on days 0, 3, 7, and 10 for microbiological and sensory attributes. Results showed that there was a limited antimicrobial effect on microbial flora in the treatment groups within the first 3 days of storage compared to the control group. However, the difference between the groups completely disappeared on days 7 and 10. The changes in the numbers of the microflora between days 0 and 10 varied between 4.5-7.9 log$_{10}$ CFU/mL for total aerobic mesophiles, 3.6?8.58 log10 CFU/mL for psychrotrophic bacteria, 2.7-6.7 log$_{10}$ CFU/mL for coliforms, and 2.2-5.9 log$_{10}$ CFU/mL for yeast and molds. Sensory evaluation of the cooked breast meat of the carcasses indicated that there was no appreciable difference between the groups between days 0 and 7. It was concluded that the in-pack decontamination method described here should be improved for antimicrobial effect and has potential to be used without affecting sensory attributes of the carcasses in poultry.

Gamma radiation treatment to ensure microbial safety of ready to bake (RTB) vegetable toppings/ fillers and retain their nutritional qualities during cold storage

Limited shelf life due to processing associated microbial contamination is one of the major challenging issues with minimally processed ‘Ready to Bake’ (RTB) vegetable products leading to huge post-processing losses. In the current study, three minimally processed vegetables, i.e. tomato, bell pepper and white onion, which are widely used in fast food industries (FFI), such as pizza and burger as well as in households; were studied for their post-processing microbiological profile; and to assess the effect of gamma radiation treatment (0.5–5 kGy) to maintain hygiene during extended storage at low temperature. Prior to radiation treatment, the minimally processed vegetables were packed in low density polyethylene bags (thickness: 50 μm) which is suitable for such agri-produce and compatible to gamma radiation treatment (USA, FDA). Besides, vacuum packaging in multilayered LDPE bags was optimized for shredded onion. Except tomato, which did not contain any detectable presumptive coliform or yeast and mold on day 0, the other two cut vegetables were found to have higher load of microbes, i.e., more than 4.0 log CFUg−1 of total aerobic plate count, 3.0 log CFUg−1of each of yeast and mold counts (YMC) and presumptive coliform (PC) counts. In the radiation treated (2 kGy) vegetables, no PC was detected; even after 20 days of storage; whereas, in the untreated bell pepper, tomato and onion samples PC counts were found to be 4.3 ± 0.1, 3.7 ± 0.2 and 1.7 ± 0.3 log CFUg−1 respectively on day 20 of storage. The data indicated that, the total aerobic plate counts in the 2 kGy irradiated samples were below the permissible limit as per the Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) guidelines. Organoleptic attributes (‘colour’, ‘texture’, ‘flavour’, ‘taste’ and ‘overall acceptability’) of the radiation treated products were found to be well retained even on 20 days of storage. The nutritional adequacy of these products in terms of total energy, fat, protein, carbohydrate, minerals and vitamin content was found to be well retained till the end of the 20 days' storage period. Findings of the study thus establish the efficacy of gamma radiation treatment in ensuring the safety and quality of minimally processed vegetables for their use in FFI as well as domestic kitchens.

Pharmacy administration and pharmaceutical care practice in a module hospital during the COVID-19 epidemic

ObjectivesTo describe the pharmacy administration and pharmaceutical care in a module hospital during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic and provide reference for domestic and foreign pharmacists participating in the epidemic prevention and control. SettingThe study was performed in a Jianghan module hospital constructed at the Wuhan Convention and Exhibition Center in Wuhan, China. This is 1 of the first 3 module hospitals. Practice descriptionOne thousand eight hundred forty-eight patients were admitted to the Jianghan module hospital, and 1327 cases (71.81% of the total number) were cured and discharged. Pharmacists have successfully completed the tasks of purchase, storage, and free distribution of drugs worth ¥1.03 million (approximately $146,000), reviewed about 20,000 electronic orders, provided one-on-one online medication consultation for 484 patients, and held 5 lectures on rational drug use knowledge, which could help reduce irrational drug use and minimize the risk involved. Practice innovationThe new COVID-19 “module” pharmaceutical care model is equipped with new features such as pharmacy emergency command group, organizational structure for pharmacy administration, electronic control of drug prescription, and “zero contact” pharmaceutical care relying on the new media platform “WeChat.” This platform provides relevant pharmaceutical care for patients, such as ensuring drug supply, setting up critical care drug trolleys, designing specific drug packaging bags, creating a module radio station to broadcast rational drug use information to the patients, and other aspects. EvaluationWith the continuous improvement of the module hospital and the progress in in-depth knowledge about COVID-19, some aspects such as patient admission criteria and variety of drugs need to be adjusted depending on the actual situation. ResultsThe pharmacists provided pharmaceutical care for 1848 patients with mild COVID-19 disease. They not only ensured the timely supply of the drugs but also reduced the incidence of drug-induced risks through medication review and guidance, thereby improving patient compliance and helping the patients rebuild their confidence in overcoming the disease. ConclusionThe new COVID-19 module pharmaceutical care model has played an important role in overcoming the epidemic situation of COVID-19 in China and thus can be implemented on a broader scale.

Potential for short-term migration of mineral oil hydrocarbons from coated and uncoated food contact paper and board into a fatty food simulant

ABSTRACTMineral oil hydrocarbons (MOH) are widely used in the food industry for applications such as printing inks, additives, adhesives, and processing aids for food additives. Recently, the migration of MOH from food contact paper and board into foods has raised public health concerns. In this study, a total of 110 food contact paper and board samples, including baking and cooking paper (23), baking cups (28), food packaging bags (22), lunch boxes (8), party plates (26), and straws (3) were evaluated to quantify the content and short-term migration levels of MOH. The MOH were separated into mineral oil saturated hydrocarbons (MOSH)/polyolefin oligomeric saturated hydrocarbons (POSH) and mineral oil aromatic hydrocarbons (MOAH) via a validated on-line liquid chromatography−gas chromatography−flame ionisation detection (LC–GC–FID) technique. The coating materials of the sample products comprised polyethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, and silicone. The effects of the coating materials on the content and migration of MOH/POSH were evaluated. Quantitative analysis of the MOH in the samples showed that the MOSH/POSH and MOAH content varied widely, ranging from 16 to 5626 mg kg−1 for MOH, regardless of the coating materials. Short-term migration of MOSH/POSH was observed only in samples with polyolefinic coatings, such as polyethylene and polypropylene, in experiments conducted at 25 °C for 10 min, although the extent of MOAH migration for all samples was at the trace level. The migration of MOSH/POSH was detected within the range of 0.93 to 62.3 μg L−1 in 22 samples, and the migration of MOAH was detected within the range of 0.80 to 2.6 μg L−1 in only 4 samples. These results demonstrate that although the short-term migration potential of MOH is generally negligible, the migration of MOSH/POSH into wet fatty foods can be accelerated by polyolefinic coatings, even within a very short time.

Aspergillus, Penicillium and Cladosporium species associated with dried date fruits collected in the Perugia (Umbria, Central Italy) market

A total of 20 dried date samples, chosen as representative among those available on the Perugia (Umbria, Central Italy) market, were analyzed for the possible occurrence of fungal species and related contamination by fungal secondary metabolites. Twenty-six isolates, representative of the total mycobiota, were obtained and morphologically identified as belonging to the genera Aspergillus, Penicillium and Cladosporium. Inside each genus, molecular characterization (by partial sequencing of ITS region and/or β-tubulin and calmodulin regions for Aspergillus and Penicillium isolates or actin region for Cladosporium isolates) and in vitro mycotoxigenic profile characterization (by LC-MS/MS analysis) showed the presence of the following species: A. flavus, A. tubingensis, P. brevicompactum, P. chrysogenum, P. crustosum, P. glabrum, P. solitum, P. venetum, C. cladosporioides, C. limoniforme and C. halotolerans, with A. tubingensis as the prevalent species and P. crustosum, P. solitum, P. venetum and C. limoniforme first reported here on dates. Date packaging and format showed an effect on the incidence of isolated fungi, with the lowest incidence recovered from whole dates and in hermetic bag packaging. These findings can be useful both for dried dates producers and consumers, guiding them towards choices of packaging and format with a lower risk of mycotoxigenic species presence. However, no fungal metabolites were detected in the dried date samples analyzed, which were therefore regarded as safe for human consumption, underlining the absence of correspondence between fungal isolation and mycotoxin contaminations.

Modified atmosphere packaging and 1-methylcyclopropene alleviate chilling injury of ‘Youhou’ sweet persimmon during cold storage

Abstract ‘Youhou’, one of the main varieties of sweet persimmon in China, produces fruit that softens easily after harvest. Low temperature can postpone the fruit-ripening process while causing chilling injury (CI) due to susceptibility to cold. In this study, we investigated the effects of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) and combined modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) and 1-MCP treatments on the CI of ‘Youhou’ sweet persimmon during storage at 1 °C. Flesh browning and gelling were inhibited by 1-MCP treatment, as indicated by the suppression of polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase activities and enhanced pectin solubility. After treatment, the fruits maintained good membrane status and showed lower lipoxygenase activity, less electrolyte leakage and a lower malondialdehyde content than the control fruits. When MAP was added, dramatic changes in the oxygen and carbon dioxide proportions were detected in the packaging bag. This combined treatment was more effective than the 1-MCP treatment in alleviating CI.

Design of Express Recyclable Packaging Bag Based on Green Environmental Packaging Material

With the increasing number of parcels in China’s express industry, how to make express packaging Green has become a critical issue for the development of the express industry. This paper analysed the current situation of express packaging materials, PEST analysis and SWOT analysis were carried out on the use of Green Express packaging materials, and a green shared express packaging bag was designed, which provided a way for the “green development” of express packaging materials.

EFFECT OF SOME PRE AND POSTHARVEST TREATMENTS ON GROWTH, YIELD, QUALITY AND STORABILITY OF PARSLEY

This investigation were carried out during the winter season of 2017/2018 and 2018/2019 at the Agriculture Research Farm, El-Kassasien Hort. Res. Station, Ismalia Governorate, Egypt, and Handling Lab., Hort. Dept., Fac. Agric., Zagazig University, Egypt, to study the effect of foliar spray with calcium chloride (CaCl2) at 0.5 and 1% and magnesium chloride (MgCl2) at 0.2 and 0.4% as well as number of cuts on root system, vegetative growth, yield and oil yield of parsley plants (Petroselinum crispum Mill.) cv. local variety grown under sandy soil conditions. It aimed also to study the effect of the abovementioned treatments and two types of packaging bags (perforated and imperforated polypropylene bags) on storability of parsley plants during cold storage periods, (at harvesting, 7, 14 and 21 days). Significant increases in root system, vegetative growth characters yield and oil yield were recorded by foliar application with CaCl2 at 1% or MgCl2 at 0.4% without significant differences between them in most cases. The third cuts gave the highest values of root system, vegetative growth characters yield and oil yield as compared to the first and second cuts. Visual appearance, vitamin C and chlorophyll content of parsley plants were decreased as the storage period increased. Packing parsley herbs in perforated polypropylene bags recorded the best values of weight loss, visual appearance, vitamin C and total chlorophyll content as well as crude fiber % as compared to imperforated polypropylene bags. Parsley herbs obtained from plants treated with CaCl2 at 1% or MgCl2 at 0.4 % recorded the best values of weight loss,crude fiber %, higher general appearance and total chlorophyll content as well as vitamin C content during storage as compared with the control or other treatments.

Evaluation of the weight loss of raw beef cuts vacuumpackaged with two different techniques.

In the present study, 25 cuts of shank form adult cattle coming from the same slaughtering batch, were withdrawn just after manual sectioning/deboning, and each divided into two pieces (Prox and Dist) of approximately the same weight, that were vacuum packaged by using two different packaging systems: vacuum chamber machine with a bag material and a thermoforming packaging machine with top and bottom webs named BAG and THF respectively. The packed cuts were stored at 2-3°C for 20 days. The drip loss was calculated at the end of the storage as the difference between drained weight and net. Internal muscle pH and pH of the exudate present in the package and microbiological analyses (by pooling the samples) were performed at T0 and at the end of the storage. The drip loss, was significantly lower with BAG packaging: this difference was evident after 20 days of storage (average ± STD BAG vs THF = 1.04±0.36% vs 1.71±0.42%; P<0.01). The values were, in general, low for both the packaging systems, never above 2%. Moreover, shrink bag packages are characterized by better overall pack appearance and less plastic weight per pack. Forming step reduce the thickness of thermoforming material lowering the mechanical resistance and the barrier to oxygen, on the contrary after shrinking bag materials are thickened. The pH of muscles was stable, although a slight increase was evidenced after 20 (average ± STD BAG vs THF= 5.73±0.05 vs 5.78±0.09; P<0.01), due to the ageing of meat. The pH of the exudate was equal at T20 (average ± STD BAG vs THF = 5.34±0.20 vs 5.33±0.17). The drip loss didn’t influence the development of all the microflora; in particular LAB, that represented the main microbial population, showed a gradual increase from T0 (2.20±0.41 Log CFU/g) to T20 (average ± STD BAG vs THF= 4.76±0.29 Log CFU/g vs 4.75±0.0.15 Log CFU/g). Enterobacteriaceae showed an increase, if compared to the initial counts, due to the prolonged storage and the gradual growth of ephemeral microorganisms, without differences among the two series (Enterobacteriaceae: T0=<1.7 Log CFU/g to T20 average ± STD BAG vs THF = 2.83±0.77 Log CFU/g vs 3.09±0.0.70 Log CFU/g). In conclusion, the use of the BAG system demonstrated to have an effect in reducing the drip loss of beef cuts during the refrigerated storage, with only slight influence on the other characteristics of raw meat.

Automatic Pick-and-Place Packaging System with Vacuum Lifter

Flexible packaging manufacturing is one of the most essential industry of the world nowadays. This research aims to develop an economical & ergonomically designed pick-and- place sorting system for bag-making machines in the packaging industry. It provides a standard universal setup that is feasible to adapt with any type of bag-making machine as a pick-and-place attachment. This automated system can be installed at pickup location of the bag-making machine for the operation of pick-and-place of packaging bags, which is able to distribute packaging bags into the accepted bags platform without the supervision of a physical operator. This pick-and-place sorting system is able differentiate between two coloured bags while accepting the correct dimension of it to place it at a location of ‘accepted bag’ else at a location of ‘rejected bag’. The proposed machine system can sort-out three different dimensions of test samples by accepting bags with a fiducial mark and correct dimension only, while rejecting the bags without fiducial mark and of incorrect dimensions. A standalone mechanical structure based on stepper motors, electronics design and embedded control system was developed that includes an IR-proximity sensor, as a fiducial mark/colour detector and a loadcell based dimension analyser, to differentiate between different dimensions of the test samples.

A novel cloud point extraction based on fatty acid deep eutectic solvent combined with high-performance liquid chromatography for determination of ultraviolet absorbent in food packaging bags

A fatty acid deep eutectic solvent (DES) based cloud point extraction (DES-CPE) coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to determine ultraviolet absorbent (UV) in food packaging bags was presented. In this DES-CPE method, DESs prepared from medium-chain saturated fatty acids (C8-C12) and menthol are pH-dependent phase, and acid-base reactions can be carried out solely by adjusting the pH of the solution. The reaction conditions and extraction conditions, such as pH value, speed and time of vortex, selection and dosage of the extraction solvent, reaction time and temperature, effects of salt addition and centrifugation time were investigated in detail. Under optimal condition, the proposed method showed good linear range from 1 to 100μgmL−1, with good assuming regression coefficients (R2) ≥ 0.997. The limit of detection (LODs), the quantitation (LOQs), the repeatability (RSDs%) were in the range of 0.05–0.17 μgmL−1, 0.18–0.52 μgmL−1, 0.93–2.65%, respectively. The enrichment factor was 10 and the recoveries of three Ultraviolet absorbents were between 82.2% and 103.4%.