Overall Prevalence Of Osteoporosis Research Articles

9397 Shatter Proofing Bones: Revamping Osteoporosis Screening

Abstract Disclosure: R. Subramani: None. T. Gupta: None. M. Anwar: None. J. Pamula: None. Background: Osteoporosis is a common disease characterized by low bone mass, structural deterioration of bone tissue, and increased risk of fractures. The World Health Organization (WHO) has defined osteoporosis based on bone density measurements. According to their definition, osteoporosis is diagnosed when the bone density at the hip or spine is at least 2.5 standard deviations (SDs) below the mean bone density of a reference population of young, healthy women (T score ≤ -2.5). According to NHANES data from 2017-2018, the overall prevalence of osteoporosis among adults over 50 was found to be 12.6%. It was observed that the prevalence of osteoporosis was higher among women (19.6%) compared to men (4.4%). According to US Preventative Services Task Force (USPSTF), the guidelines for screening are as follows: BMD Testing (DEXA) for all women aged 65 and older, postmenopausal women younger than 65 with clinical risk factors for fracture including advancing age, previous fracture, glucocorticoid therapy, parental history of hip fracture, low body weight, current cigarette smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, rheumatoid arthritis, secondary osteoporosis. BMD Testing for Men is not recommended. The most used bone measurement test to screen for osteoporosis is central DXA which measures BMD at the hip and lumbar spine. Goal: To improve the osteoporosis screening using DXA scan in the outpatient internal medicine resident patient panel by 5% Study Design:Subjects were identified by an EPIC report and will include retrospective chart review of records from July 2022 and prospective screening until April 2024 for the outpatient IM clinic list of patients including both resident panel. Methods: Pre-intervention data analysis of current rates; Educating residents about appropriate screening; Utilization of osteoporosis screening as care-gap in EPIC ;Calling patients who are due for screening from IM residents patient panels; Post-interventional data analysis Results: The total number of patients on the residents panel was 196. Before interventions, screening rate for osteoporosis were 71.2% among residents' patients. After intervention, screening rates increased to 75.5%. There was a 4.3 % improvement in screening rate. Conclusion: Resident education, addressing Osteoporosis care gaps in EPIC and patient outreach are effective interventions to improve screening rates. Discussion: Osteoporosis screening remains an area of needed improvement in IM clinic. EPIC system should not only take age for prompting osteoporosis screening but also other factors such as family history, pre-mature fractures, steroid use, etc. Adding osteoporosis screening into the metric system are few steps to be considered for future directions. Presentation: 6/3/2024

Prevalence and Clinical Implications of Osteosarcopenia in Patients with Acute Stroke: A Cross-sectional Study.

To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of osteosarcopenia in patients with acute stroke. Overall, 224 patients within 2 weeks of having a stroke were enrolled. Demographic characteristics, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), modified Rankin Scale (mRS), modified Barthel Index (MBI), Functional Ambulation Category (FAC), Berg Balance Scale (BBS), and handgrip strength were recorded. Body composition was evaluated using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Patients who met the diagnostic criteria for osteoporosis and sarcopenia were defined as having osteosarcopenia. The overall prevalence of osteoporosis and sarcopenia was 46.9% and 50.9%, respectively. The prevalence of osteoporosis without sarcopenia, sarcopenia without osteoporosis, and osteosarcopenia was 18.3%, 22.3%, and 28.6%, respectively. The proportion of female sex (71.9%), median age, and NIHSS score were significantly higher, and mRS, BBS, MBI, FAC, and grip strength were significantly lower in patients with osteosarcopenia. Older age (≥65-years) (OR, 15.4), female sex (OR, 6.23), and lower BMI (<25 kg/m 2 ) (OR, 43.13) were independently associated with the likelihood of osteosarcopenia. Osteosarcopenia may occur in acute stroke survivors. Patients with osteosarcopenia have a significantly higher stroke severity and disability. A comprehensive diagnostic approach is imperative for osteosarcopenia, thereby facilitating implementation of optimal rehabilitative strategies.

The relationship between dietary inflammatory index and osteoporosis among chronic kidney disease population

Dietary inflammation index (DII) is an epidemiological survey tool to evaluate dietary inflammation potential. Osteoporosis, whose development is deeply affected by inflammation, may be also affected by dietary inflammatory patterns. However, the relationship between DII and osteoporosis is unclear for chronic kidney disease (CKD) population. Our study involved 526 CKD patients from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). DII levels were stratified into four quantile groups. Multivariable regression models were used to examine the association between DII and osteoporosis. Restricted cubic splines and subgroup analysis were additionally adopted. Results showed that the overall prevalence of osteoporosis among CKD patients was 25.3%. After fully adjusted, OR (95% confidence interval) for Q4 group compared with Q3 (reference group) in total and female population were 2.09 (1.05, 4.23) and 2.80 (1.14, 7.08), respectively. Subgroup analysis indicated that these results had no interaction with age, gender, body mass index (BMI), renal function, urinary protein, calcium, phosphorus and total 25-hydroxyvitamin D. DII was negatively correlated with lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD) in CKD population (P < 0.05). Therefore, in CKD patients, higher DII was associated with higher osteoporosis risk and lower BMD of lumber spine, especially in female. Anti-inflammatory diet patterns may be a protective intervention for some CKD-related osteoporosis.

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Osteoporosis in a Chinese Population: A Cross-Sectional Study in Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China.

BACKGROUND Osteoporosis is a systemic chronic disease characterized by bone mineral density (BMD) reduction. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of osteoporosis and fracture risks in northwestern China and investigate the related anthropometric risk factors. MATERIAL AND METHODS Between July 2022 and August 2022, 1429 participants (1295 females, 134 males) with measured BMD were recruited to participate in this cross-sectional study. Data on height, weight, and T score were collected. Spearman's correlation and multiple linear regression analysis were used to investigate the relationships between various demographic factors and BMD and the 10-year risk of major osteoporotic fracture (MO) and hip fracture (HP). RESULTS The overall prevalence of osteoporosis in northwest China was 42.34%, with 44.56% in females and 20.90% in males. Age negatively affects females' T scores (r=-0.304, P<0.05), and height positively influences both sexes' T scores (r=0.059 P<0.05). Age (r=0.148, P<0.05) and height were positive predictors of MO (r=0.027, P<0.05), while weight was a negative predictor (r=-0.035, P<0.05). The conclusion for HP was consistent with that of MO, except for the T score, which was a positive predictor of HP (r=0.014, P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of osteoporosis in northeast China is high. The association between anthropometric parameters and osteoporosis in adults in northwest China is different between sexes.

Detection of low bone mineral density in self-referred and medically referred patients

IntroductionThe Mexican health-care system is a mixture of governmental and private institutions. The osteoporosis screening algorithm has a multiple case start-point, the most common being medical referral; however, self-screening is available where patients can arrange a bone densitometry themselves. ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of self-screening for osteoporosis and osteopenia among a Mexican population. Materials and methodsA retrospective observational study was performed as a secondary outcome from an institutional cohort of patients who attended an osteoporosis center. We divided the cohort into two groups: self-referred patients and medical-referred patients. ResultsThe overall prevalence of osteoporosis between the two groups was 1160 (self-referred n=44; 29.5% vs medical-referred n=227; 22.5%; p=.057) (OR (Odds Ratio); 95% CI (Confidence Interval): 1.44; .98–2.12) and the prevalence of osteopenia was (n=122; 81.9% vs n=811; 80.2%; p=.633) (OR (Odds Ratio); 95% CI (Confidence Interval): 1.11; .71–1.73). ConclusionThere was no statistical difference between the self-referred and the medically referred patients in the overall diagnosis of osteoporosis and/or osteopenia. Nevertheless, the incidence of osteoporosis and osteopenia as an outcome for the self-referred patients was not lower than that of those with a medical referral.

Prevalence and risk factors of osteoporosis detected by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry among Chinese patients with primary biliary cholangitis.

Osteoporosis is an extrahepatic complication of primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) that increases the risk of fractures and mortality. However, Epidemiological studies of osteoporosis in patients with PBC in China and the Asia-Pacific region is lack. To assess the prevalence and clinical characteristics of osteoporosis in Chinese patients with PBC. This retrospective analysis included consecutive patients with PBC from a tertiary care center in China who underwent bone mineral density (BMD) assessment using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry between January 2013 and December 2021. We defined subjects with T-scores ≤ -2.5 in any sites (L1 to L4, femoral neck, or total hip) as having osteoporosis. Demographic, serological, clinical, and histological data were collected. Independent risk factors for osteoporosis were identified by multivariate logistic regression analysis. A total of 268 patients with PBC [236 women (88.1%); mean age, 56.7 ± 10.6 years; 163 liver biopsies (60.8%)] were included. The overall prevalence of osteoporosis in patients with PBC was 45.5% (122/268), with the prevalence of osteoporosis in women and men being 47.0% and 34.4%, respectively. The prevalence of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women was significantly higher than that in premenopausal women (56.3% vs 21.0%, P < 0.001). Osteoporosis in patients with PBC is associated with age, fatigue, menopausal status, previous steroid therapy, body mass index (BMI), splenomegaly, gastroesophageal varices, ascites, Mayo risk score, histological stage, alanine aminotransferase, albumin, bilirubin, platelet and prothrombin activity. Multivariate regression analysis identified that older age, lower BMI, previous steroid therapy, higher Mayo risk score, and advanced histological stage as the main independent risk factors for osteoporosis in PBC. Osteoporosis is very common in Chinese patients with PBC, allowing for prior screening of BMD in those PBC patients with older age, lower BMI, previous steroid therapy and advanced liver disease.

The prevalence of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women in urban Tianjin, China and its related factors.

The aims of the study are to understand the prevalence of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women in urban Tianjin, China and its related factors through a questionnaire and to assess the correlation between individual characteristics, physical mobility, psychological and emotional well-being, and prevalence, as well as people's awareness of osteoporosis. We selected 240 postmenopausal women from 12 randomly selected streets in 6 administrative districts of Tianjin for bone mineral density measurement and a face-to-face questionnaire survey to obtain the relevant data. Female residents who had lived in the communities under the jurisdiction of the incorporated streets for more than 10 years and had been in menopause for 2 years were included. The women were made aware of the study, there were no communication barriers, and they were willing to undergo dual-energy absorptiometry and cooperate in completing the questionnaire. We used one-way analysis of variance, Fisher exact test, and Pearson correlation analysis for the statistical analysis. The overall prevalence of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women in the six districts of Tianjin was found to be 52.08%, and the χ 2 test for trend showed a clear trend of increasing with age ( P = 0.035). Body mass index was found to be the most significant personal characteristic affecting the prevalence of osteoporosis; the mean values of the nonosteoporosis and osteoporosis group were (25.45 ± 3.09) and (23.85 ± 3.16), respectively ( P < 0.001); previous fractures were closely associated with the prevalence of osteoporosis. Awareness about osteoporosis had not disseminated among the population, and 9.17% of the participants had never heard of the disease. While 75.42% and 72.92% of the participants, respectively, believe that the harm of osteoporosis cannot be compared with heart disease and cerebral infarction, 56.67% had never had an examination for osteoporosis and paid little to no attention to this disease. People still had major misconceptions about the hazards of osteoporosis and common-sense precautions that needed to be followed. Although osteoporosis is prevalent among postmenopausal women in urban Tianjin and is strongly linked to both history of fracture and body mass index, most women are only familiar with the disease's name and lack an understanding of the dangers it poses as well as the importance of early diagnosis and treatment. To ensure the prevention and control of osteoporosis, it is crucial to focus on increasing the examination and treatment rates and spreading awareness of the three-level diagnosis and treatment pattern among the public.

Comparison of bone mineral densityand biochemical factors in hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis patients.

The aim of the study is to assess and compare the level of bone mineral density (BMD) in the patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD) and to identify risk factors related to low BMD. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scans were performed in 34 HD patients and 47 PD patients. Serum levels of albumin, calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), intact parathyroid hormone (I-PTH), and 25-hydroxy (OH) vitamin D were recorded for the prediction of BMD loss. Among the biochemical parameters compared, only calcium levels differed between the group in such that HD patients had lower calcium compared with patients on PD (p=0.001). The overall prevalence of osteoporosis (OP) among all participants was 27%. There was a negative correlation between femur neck BMD and age (r=-554, p=0.007), and BMI (r=-555, p=0.007). Diabetic nephropathy was the only etiology associated with decreased BMD at the femoral site (p=0.027). There was a positive correlation between the serum albumin and BMD of lumbar spine (LS) (r=585, p=0.004). Bone mass of any site did not correlate with the dialysis type, duration of dialysis, and other biochemical markers like serum calcium, phosphorus, I-PTH, ALP, and 25 (OH) vitamin D. Prevalence of OP and osteopenia are high in dialysis patients, with no difference between patients on regular HD and PD. Bone mass loss is related to older age, higher BMI, and lower serum albumin level. DEXA measurement is necessary to monitor bone loss and timely treatment of OP in dialysis patients.

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Osteoporosis in Saudi End-Stage Renal Disease Patients on Hemodialysis.

Background:Osteoporosis is characterized by a decrease in bone mineral density, thereby increasing the risk of pathological fractures. It is a common complication of chronic kidney disease. However, there is limited local data on the prevalence of osteoporosis in end-stage renal disease.Objective:The current study evaluated the epidemiology of osteoporosis in end-stage rental disease patients at a Saudi Arabian tertiary care center.Methods:This cross-sectional retrospective study was conducted using data obtained between 1 January 2016 and 31 December 2019 at the Dialysis Center at King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. End-stage rental disease patients who were aged ≥50 years and underwent hemodialysis for at least 1 year were included, while those with documented metabolic bone disease and absence of bone mineral density data were excluded.Results:Sixty-four end-stage rental disease patients undergoing hemodialysis met the inclusion criteria. The patients underwent bone mineral density measurement at the discretion of the treating physician. The mean patients' age was 73 ± 11.5 years and 76% were women. The overall prevalence of osteoporosis was 37.5%, and it was similarly distributed among women and men (38.8% and 33.3%, respectively). Nine of the 15 male patients (60%) and 24 of the 49 female patients (49%) had fractures. Twenty-five (39%) patients used glucocorticoids. Osteoporosis was most commonly identified in the femoral neck (26.2%), followed by proximal femur (19.4%), and lumbar spine (18.8%). A high rate of osteoporosis was significantly associated with older age and being underweight.Conclusion:A high rate of low bone mineral density was demonstrated in end-stage renal disease patients. The femoral neck was the most common osteoporosis site in this patient population, and advanced age and underweight were possible risk factors for low bone mass.

Detection of low bone mineral density in self-referred and medically referred patients

IntroductionThe Mexican health-care system is a mixture of governmental and private institutions. The osteoporosis screening algorithm has a multiple case start-point, the most common being medical referral; however, self-screening is available where patients can arrange a bone densitometry themselves. ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of self-screening for osteoporosis and osteopenia among a Mexican population. Materials and methodsA retrospective observational study was performed as a secondary outcome from an institutional cohort of patients who attended an osteoporosis center. We divided the cohort into two groups: self-referred patients and medical-referred patients. ResultsThe overall prevalence of osteoporosis between the two groups was 1160 (self-referred n=44; 29.5% vs medical-referred n=227; 22.5%; p=.057) (OR (Odds Ratio); 95% CI (Confidence Interval): 1.44; .98–2.12) and the prevalence of osteopenia was (n=122; 81.9% vs n=811; 80.2%; p=.633) (OR (Odds Ratio); 95% CI (Confidence Interval): 1.11; .71–1.73). ConclusionThere was no statistical difference between the self-referred and the medically referred patients in the overall diagnosis of osteoporosis and/or osteopenia. Nevertheless, the incidence of osteoporosis and osteopenia as an outcome for the self-referred patients was not lower than that of those with a medical referral.

To Study the Osteoporosis in Pre and Post Menopausal Women

Background: In India and surrounding Asian countries, osteoporosis is becoming a public health issue. The study was aimed to assess the risk factors for osteoporosis in preterm and postmenopausal women because the risk factors for natural osteoporosis in women in these nations are similar. Osteoporosis is a major public health concern around the world. In the United States, an estimated 10 million persons aged 50 and over had osteoporosis, with more than 5 million women, including 4.5 million women and 800,000 men, suffering from the disease. The highest rate of osteopenia and osteoporosis among Arab women was recorded in Kuwaiti women 50 years or older, with even higher rates reported in the Saudi Arabian State (KSA) among women of the same age, with 31% having osteopenia and 40% having lumbar spine osteoporosis.&#x0D; Aim: The purpose of the study was to determine the risk factors for developing osteopenia and osteoporosis in pre- and postmenopausal women, to assess pre- and postmenopausal women's knowledge of osteoporosis prevention, and to assess the relationship between osteoporosis knowledge and selected demographic variables.&#x0D; Material and Method:&#x0D; In December 2020, a systematic literature search was conducted. This search included the months of January 2018 through December 2020. The key terms "osteoporosis," "menopause," and "risk factor" were used to conduct a literature search in Pub Med and Google Scholar.&#x0D; Results:&#x0D; The overall prevalence of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women is 41 percent, while it is 53 percent in India alone. In comparison to other countries, China is studying a variety of risk factors. The maximum risk variables were investigated in China, but not in India, Korea, or Japan. As a result, age, height, postmenopausal status, and exercise were taken into account in the final study. Age was investigated as a non-modifiable risk factor for osteoporosis in all four countries: India, China, Korea, and Japan. Calcium consumption and a variety of workouts were discovered to be useful modifiable factors. Other characteristics, such as age, height, and postmenopausal status, are unchangeable. All four countries evaluated age as a non-modifiable risk factor for osteoporosis: India, China, Korea, and Japan.&#x0D; &#x0D; Conclusion: The current study discovered a link between osteoporosis awareness and marital status, previous osteoporosis knowledge, and health information source. In postmenopausal women, adequate calcium and vitamin D intake, as well as a variety of workouts, might be considered preventive strategies for osteoporosis.&#x0D; Keywords: Menopause, osteoporosis, risk factor, early detection, prevention of osteoporosis.

Prevalence of Osteoporosis Among Iranian Postmenopausal Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Objectives:Osteoporosis is the most common metabolic bone disease. It is considered the silent epidemic, with high prevalence after menopause, in the current time. Different studies conducted in Iran have reported different prevalence. The present systematic review and meta-analysis aims to estimate the overall prevalence of osteoporosis in Iranian postmenopausal women.Methods:The national scientific databases Scientific Information Database and MagIran and the international scientific databases PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched for related articles without any time limitation. The keywords osteopenia, osteoporosis, post menopause, OP, bone mineral density, and Iran along with their combinations were used in the search. The inconsistency in the data was examined using I2 test. The data were analyzed using the meta-analysis method and the random-effects model in Stata software, version 14.Results:The analysis of 26 articles with a sample size of 6735 showed that the prevalence of osteoporosis and osteopenia in Iranian postmenopausal women is, respectively, 33.70% (95% CI [confidence interval]: 22.68-44.73) and 47.60% (95% CI: 32.88-62.32). The pooled prevalence of osteoporosis in the spine and in the femur bone was 31.99% and 15.93%, respectively. Also, the prevalence of osteopenia in the spine and in the femur bone was 22.48% and 39.88%, respectively.Conclusion:Osteoporosis and osteopenia are highly prevalent in Iranian postmenopausal women to the extent that one-third of women suffer from osteoporosis and nearly half of them suffer from osteopenia. It seems essential to teach a healthy lifestyle to these women to reduce the prevalence of these issues.

Prevalence and predictive factors of osteoporosis in Thai systemic sclerosis

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is recognized as a chronic inflammatory disease and several SSc-associated factors may increase the risk of osteoporosis and its related fractures. To determine the prevalence and predictive factors of osteoporosis in Thai SSc, a cross-sectional study was designed in adult SSc patients at Scleroderma clinic, Khon Kaen University Hospital. The prevalence of osteoporosis with the 95% confidence interval (CI) were determined and the odds ratio (OR) with 95%CI were assessed the clinical association with osteoporosis. A total of 205 SSc patients were recruited with the female to male ratio of 2.7:1. The majority of cases were diffuse SSc subset (83.4%) with a disease duration < 5 years (62.9%). The overall prevalence of osteoporosis was 29.3% (95%CI 23.1–36.0). After an age adjusted analysis, the respective prevalence of osteoporosis at lumbar spine (LS) in women and men was 26.3% and 10%, while the prevalence of osteoporosis at the femoral neck (FN) in women and men was 11% and 2.1%. Low BMI (≤ 18.5 kg/m2) and menopause were associated with osteoporosis at both the LS and FN. Using multivariate analysis, low BMI and menopause were associated with osteoporosis at LS (OR 7.78 and 5.32, respectively), while low BMI was also associated with osteoporosis at LS in pre-menopausal women. In conclusion, the prevalence of osteoporosis in Thai SSc was 29.3%. Osteoporosis at the LS is more common than FN in both men and women. Low BMI was associated with osteoporosis in overall SSc and pre-menopausal women, while only menopause was associated with osteoporosis at the FN.

Prevalence of osteoporosis and its spatiotemporal patterns in a community-dwelling Chinese population: a systematic review and meta-analysis of data from 982 563 individuals

BackgroundOsteoporosis is becoming a common skeletal disorder characterised by reduced bone strength that leads to an increased risk for fractures. Despite its increasing prevalence among the Chinese population, osteoporosis remains both underdiagnosed and undertreated. Many observational studies have reported prevalence of osteoporosis in China; however, the estimated prevalence varies within a certain range because of the diverse ways of life and diverse genetic heritage of the populations in different Chinese regions, and few studies have examined the sex-specific prevalence of osteoporosis in China across time. We did a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare the prevalence and temporal trends of osteoporosis in Chinese women and men. MethodsIn accordance with MOOSE and PRISMA, we did literature searches in PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, the China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and the Chinese WanFang databases for epidemiological studies that reported osteoporosis prevalence in Chinese individuals from their inception to Jan 31, 2020, without language restrictions. Studies were considered eligible if they reported sufficiently detailed results about prevalence of osteoporosis among Chinese individuals aged at least 18 years, and if they used either WHO or Chinese criteria for osteoporosis diagnosis. Studies were excluded if they were reviews, case reports, editorials, guidelines, and other article forms without available full-texts, if they were duplicate papers or evaluating the same sample, and if the studies were done in a population with other specific diseases. We assessed prevalence of osteoporosis using a random-effects model by applying binomial distribution and Freeman-Tukey double arcsine transformation to stabilise the variances, and the pooled Freeman-Tukey prevalence estimates were then back transformed to their original scale for ease of interpretation. We also did a subgroup analysis by sex, age, region, and screening period. FindingsWe identified 129 eligible studies that included 982 563 individuals. The overall prevalence of osteoporosis in China was 20·80% (95% CI 17·95–23·79). Its prevalence was higher in women (23·57%, 18·50–29·04) than in men (12·22%, 7·23–18·29), and in rural (23·06%, 16·80–29·99) than urban regions (20·95%, 17·09–25·09). From 2001–05 to 2016–19, prevalence of osteoporosis progressed steadily from 19·35% (14·86–24·28) to 21·30% (17·17–25·73) in 2006–10 and 22·61 (19·27–26·12) to 23·58% (17·08–30·78) in 2011–15. In terms of temporal stratification, the prevalence increased with age in both sexes, with a greater rise in women from age 50–59 (10·22%) years to 80 years and older (62·24%) than in men of the same age groups (from 5·62% to 30·55%). In terms of regional stratification, the pooled prevalence estimates were higher among Chinese individuals in the south, north, and southwest (prevalence of more than 25%) by a factor of 1·5, compared with their counterparts in the northeast of China. Regional prevalence of osteoporosis ranged from 25·78% (19·79–32·26) in the south, 22·55% (14·32–32·02) in the east, 19·60% (13·25–26·85) in the northwest, and 17·33% (11·23–24·44) in the northeast. InterpretationThis up-to-date meta-analysis provides a comprehensive overview of the burden of osteoporosis among Chinese women and men. Our findings suggest a considerable prevalence of osteoporosis, especially in older Chinese women. Our findings also emphasise the urgent need for control measures and preventive management of osteoporosis because of a rapidly ageing population in China. FundingNational Natural Science Foundation of China (81803329) and China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2018M631780).

Prevalence of osteoporosis among North Korean women refugees living in South Korea: a comparative cross-sectional study

ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence of osteoporosis among North Korean women refugees when compared with South Korean women, who have identical genetic backgrounds but experience different environments.DesignComparative cross-sectional study.SettingNorth Korean Refugee...

Risk Factors of Osteoporosis in Postmenopausal Women in Karbala Governorate–Iraq 2019

Background: Osteoporosis is a major public health problem because it leads to weakness of skeleton, increase risk of fractures particularly of the spine and hip, increases morbidity and mortality which are a huge burden on the health system. Objectives : 1. To evaluate bone mineral density (BMD) of postmenopausal women by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry. 2. To explore the association between bone density at lumber spine and investigated risk factors for osteoporosis. Method: A cross sectional study was carried out from February till the end of June 2019. A purposive sample of (350) women who were referred to DEXA unit in Al-Imam Hussain Medical City in Karbala Province/ Iraq. Data were gathered by direct interview with the patients using a special questionnaire prepared for the purpose of the study. Results: The overall prevalence of osteoporosis and osteopenia was (48.9% and 27.7%) respectively. The factors such as age, residence, educational level, BMI, history of diabetes, physical activity, sun exposure, age at menarche, duration of menopause, parity and duration of breast feeding showed significant association with bone density. Occupational status, history of hypertension, smoking, menopausal age, personal and family history of minimal trauma fracture showing no significant association with bone density. Conclusion: The prevalence of osteoporosis in this study was high. Appropriate educational programs and interventions could help to increase the women’s peak bone mass therefore reducing their risk of developing osteoporosis.

Osteoporosis Epidemiology Among Adults With Cerebral Palsy: Findings From Private and Public Administrative Claims Data.

ABSTRACTIndividuals with cerebral palsy (CP) have an increased risk for the early development of osteoporosis; however, little is known about the epidemiology of osteoporosis for adults with CP, which is vital to inform clinical practice for osteoporosis prevention, treatment, and management. The purpose of this cross‐sectional study was to determine sex‐stratified prevalence of osteoporosis among adults with CP, as compared with adults without CP. Data from 2016 were extracted from Optum Clinformatics Data Mart (private insurance administrative claims data) and a random 20% sample from the fee‐for‐service Medicare (public insurance administrative claims data). Diagnostic codes were used to identify CP and osteoporosis diagnoses. Sex‐stratified prevalence of osteoporosis was compared between adults with and without CP for the following age groups: 18 to 30, 31 to 40, 41 to 50, 51 to 60, 61 to 70, and >70 years of age. The overall prevalence of osteoporosis was 4.8% for adults without CP (n = 8.7 million), 8.4% for privately insured adults with CP (n = 7,348), and 14.3% for publicly insured adults with CP (n = 21,907). Women and men with CP had a higher prevalence of osteoporosis compared with women and men without CP for all age groups. Finally, publicly insured women and men with CP had a higher prevalence of osteoporosis compared with privately insured women and men with CP for all age groups, except for the similar prevalence among the 18‐ to 30‐year age group. These findings suggest that osteoporosis is more prevalent among adults with CP compared with adults without CP. Study findings highlight the need for earlier screening and preventive medical services for osteoporosis management among adults with CP. © 2019 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research

Epidemiology of osteoporosis in Vidarbha (India) and influence of environmental factor on osteoporosis

Introduction: Osteoporosis is the leading challenge for orthopaedic surgeons and its burden is increasing very fast. This study is conducted in the Vidarbha region of Maharashtra to know the epidemiology and effect of environmental factors on osteoporosis.Material and Methods: It’s an observational study conducted on 3287 women with age above 45 years. These patients were selected from the nine districts of Vidarbha region in Maharashtra. The assessment of bone density was done by using quantitative ultrasound technique at heel. Results: Overall prevalence of osteoporosis in Vidarbha region in women above 45 years age was 43.33%. The prevalence was highest among executive job group (55.2%) and least among tribal women (31.08%). Education and literacy level does not influence the occurrence of osteoporosis.Conclusion: The prevalence of osteoporosis is rising very fast with increase in sedentary life style and nutritional hazards. Environmental factors clearly impact the occurrence of osteoporosis in different subset of population.

Prevalence of Osteoporosis among Adults in a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

Osteoporosis is a common metabolic bone disease characterized by increased bone fragility, yet underdiagnosed and undertreated. With the increase in longevity of the populace, it is becoming an urgent and serious global epidemic. This being a preventable disease, has no clinical manifestations until there is a fracture. Early diagnosis and treatment are of dire necessity. Hence the aim of our study is to find the prevalence of osteoporosis among adults attending a tertiary care hospital-based on calcaneal quantitative ultrasound. This descriptive cross-sectional study was done in a tertiary care hospital, from 15th July 2019 to 15th October 2019 after receiving ethical approval from the Institutional Review Committee (Registration number: 2075 / 76 / 119). Convenient sampling was done. Data collection and entry was done in Microsoft excel, point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and proportion for binary data. Out of 464 participants the overall prevalence of osteoporosis was 38 (8.2%) at a 95% confidence interval (5.7-10.7). Among the participants, 141 (30.4%) were male and 323 (69.6%) were female. The mean age of the participant was 41.02±14.96 years. Osteoporosis was more common in the older age group 11.66 (30.7%) in 60 years above Women were found to be more osteoporotic than men, 3.42 (9.0%) and 2.43 (6.4%) respectively. Bone mineral density and osteoporosis had a bimodal distribution, underweight 5.01 (13.2%) and obese group 5.32 (14.0%) were the two peaks. The prevalence of osteoporosis in our study is high and is consistent with other South Asian studies. Early detection of osteoporosis using calcaneal quantitative ultrasound can be a good screening tool.

Epidemiology of osteoporosis and its determinants in physically active Majorcan elderly.

Objective:To estimate the prevalence and distribution of determinants of osteoporosis (OP) in a population of physically active Majorcans over 60.Methods:Health survey in which consecutive women and men above 60 years old visiting sports facilities during a two-month period were recruited. All underwent a densitometry of the lumbar spine (LS) and femoral neck (FN). Osteoporosis was defined according to the World Health Organization densitometric criteria (T-score <2.5 SD in the LS or FN, and osteopenia if the result was between −2.5 and −1 SD). As osteoporosis shows substantial differences between genders, the study of its determinants was conducted independently for men and women.Results:The sample included 731 subjects (86% female), with an average age of 70 (SD 5) among men and 65 (8) among women. The overall prevalence of osteoporosis was 35.7% in the LS, 8.9% in the FN and 39.4% in the LS and/or FN. The analysis by gender showed a higher prevalence of osteoporosis in women than in men (43.8 % vs. 11.1%). The presence of osteoporosis increased with age in men and women (7.8% for 61–75 years old vs 22.7% > 75 years old for men and 48.5% for 61–75 years old vs 62.7% > 75 for women).Conclusions:Densitometric osteoporosis is frequent among physically active elderly population, and higher than expected in a largely sunlight-exposed area.