Outdoor Wear Research Articles

Preparation of hollow silica/PTFE fiber membrane with excellent thermal insulation performance by electrospinning

Flexible thermal insulation membrane plays a key role in outdoor wear of human body and thermal management of electronic products. This study used electrospinning to prepare thermal insulation hollow silica/polytetrafluoroethylene (HSi/PTFE) fiber membranes. HSi were prepared using tetraethylorthosilicate as the silicon source and hydrothermal carbon spheres as templates. A spinning solution of PTFE containing the HSi was used to prepare fiber membranes. The heat transfer resistance of the fiber is improved by embedding HSi into the PTFE fiber, resulting to improved heat insulation capability of the fiber membrane. The influence of HSi content on the thermal insulation performance of PTFE fiber membrane was studied. When the HSi content was 5 %, the fiber membrane showed the lowest thermal conductivity (0.0197 W/(m·K)), which was not only lower than most fiber thermal insulation materials, but also had excellent tensile properties (tensile deformation capacity of 168 %), which was convenient for practical application. In addition, this kind of fiber membrane also has high hydrophobicity (water contact angle of 147°), effectively reducing the influence of moisture on thermal insulation performance. This work presents innovative prospects for the future advancement of thermal insulation materials.

Janus outdoor protective clothing with unidirectional moisture transfer, antibacterial, and mosquito repellent properties

Personal protective clothing with versatile and durable features is highly desirable for daily and specific environmental scenarios. Especially for outdoor workers or sports enthusiasts, prolonged outdoor exposure requires their clothing to be more functional to cope with a wide range of situations, such as heat stress in summer, odor generation after sweating, and mosquito bites. These not only reduce the wearing comfort of clothing, but also bring potential heat stroke, skin infections and diseases brought by mosquitoes. Currently, most outdoor protective clothes focus on a single function, such as waterproofing and UV protection and are not able to cope with the demand of multiple protections. In this paper, we developed permethrin-containing triblock cationic polymers (PTCPs) that can multi-functionalize outdoor clothing. Benefiting from their high affinity to polyester fibers, PTCP modified polyester yarns were obtained by an aqueous based finishing process. After that, a scalable machine-knitting fabrication technique is employed to fabricate Janus outdoor protective clothes (Janus-OPC). The as-prepared Janus-OPC exhibited excellent one-way moisture transfer properties (forward cumulative one-way transfer index (OWTI) of 924.23%, and backward OWTI of −690.52%), antimicrobial properties (97.73% and 99.72% against E. coli and S. aureus, respectively), and mosquito repellent properties (repelling rate of 76.19%). Moreover, the protective performance of the Janus-OPC was maintained after 50 times of equivalent home laundering cycles. This multifunctional protective clothing opens up a new direction for the next-generation outdoor wear.

베이비부머 여가참가자의 진지한 여가 경험, 여가 태도와 아웃도어 웨어 구매행동 의도 분석

베이비부머 여가참가자의 진지한 여가 경험, 여가 태도와 아웃도어 웨어 구매행동 의도 분석

현대 패션에 나타난 고프코어(Gorpcore)에 대한 연구

Lifestyles have changed significantly since Corona 19, and the boundary between everyday clothes and outdoor wear has collapsed, especially among the MZ generation, who are most sensitive to trends. Practical fashion that combines the keywords of smart, sustainable, and new normal in the recession is positioned as the world's best outdoor brand, sports brand, and global fashion brand in line with the Gorpcore trend. The extensive scalability and impact of the Gorpcore style is increasing every day. However, the study of the Gorpcore style lacks precise criteria for it, and is a scarce reality due to its short history. With the increasing interest of people all over the world and the recognition of the importance of the Gorpcore style in the fashion field, research has become an urgent phenomenon. I would like to analyze and consider the Gorpcore style that has appeared in modern fashion, where there is no previous research on the Gorpcore and the standards are ambiguous, and to use it as efficient information for future research not only the exact standards but also fashion. Not only that, it is significant in that it is also used in the development of fashion designs. In addition, we expect that fashion trends that pursue practicality and functionality like the Gorpcore style and that reflect lifestyles centered on individual satisfaction will have an impact on future high fashion and fashion trends in various fields.

Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in North American School Uniforms.

We analyzed 72 children’s textile products marketed as stain-resistant from US and Canadian stores, particularly school uniforms, to assess if clothing represents a significant route of exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). Products were first screened for total fluorine (total F) using particle-induced γ-ray emission (PIGE) spectroscopy (n = 72), followed by targeted analysis of 49 neutral and ionic PFAS (n = 57). PFAS were detected in all products from both markets, with the most abundant compound being 6:2 fluorotelomer alcohol (6:2 FTOH). Total targeted PFAS concentrations for all products collected from both countries ranged from 0.250 to 153 000 ng/g with a median of 117 ng/g (0.0281–38 100 μg/m2, median: 24.0 μg/m2). Total targeted PFAS levels in school uniforms were significantly higher than in other items such as bibs, hats, stroller covers, and swimsuits, but comparable to outdoor wear. Higher total targeted PFAS concentrations were found in school uniforms made of 100% cotton than synthetic blends. Perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) precursors were abundant in school uniforms based on the results of hydrolysis and total oxidizable precursor assay. The estimated median potential children’s exposure to PFAS via dermal exposure through school uniforms was 1.03 ng/kg bw/day. Substance flow analysis estimated that ∼3 tonnes/year (ranging from 0.05 to 33 tonnes/year) of PFAS are used in US children’s uniforms, mostly of polymeric PFAS but with ∼0.1 tonne/year of mobile, nonpolymeric PFAS.

Preferred product attributes for sustainable outdoor apparel: A conjoint analysis approach

Sustainability has become a critical concern for the textile and apparel industry. Over years, a variety of initiatives and practices have been implemented in the industry to reduce the impact to the environment. Offering sustainable products has been an endeavor for many companies in the apparel industry, including the outdoor wear segment. While Consumers are increasingly aware of and interested in buying sustainable products, much research is still needed in terms of important attributes influencing consumers’ purchase decision as well as tradeoffs consumers make when important attributes conflicting against each other. Employing a conjoint analysis approach, this study aims to investigate how different product attributes (i.e., type of fabric, type of down, eco-label certification, and price) jointly affect consumers’ sustainable apparel purchase decision in more realistic settings. As a result of a full profile fractional factorial design, a parsimonious orthogonal array of eight profiles were generated, representing eight different realistic combinations of product attributes. Four hundred and four participants were recruited to participate in this study to evaluate and indicate their purchase intention toward each product profile. Results suggest that price, as expected, is still the most important attribute to consumers, followed by type of fabric(recycled), availability of eco-labels, and type of down (traceable). Moreover, the results reveal that the tradeoffs consumers made varied due to their demographics in terms of gender, education, income, and past purchase experience. This research provides insightful managerial implications to fashion practitioners in their efforts in formulating strategies for product development and marketing by identifying preferred product attributes from the consumer-centric perspective.

Fabrication of water-repellent polyester textile via dip-coating of in-situ surface-modified superhydrophobic calcium carbonate from dolomite

Incorporating hydrophobic and superhydrophobic properties in textile surfaces has gained significant scientific and industrial attention due to its potential applications in outdoor wear and protective textiles. In this study, we have developed a novel, cost-effective and facile process to transform water-absorbing polyester fabric into a water-resistant textile which exhibits hydrophobicity by applying an ultra-thin layer of surface-modified superhydrophobic precipitated calcium carbonate (SHPCC) by dip-coating method. Dolomite was used as the calcium precursor for synthesizing SHPCC while stearic acid (SA) was used as the surface modifier for calcium carbonate and surface binder of synthesized SHPCC to the textile. The wetting property and surface morphology of the treated fabrics were characterized using contact angle/sliding angle measurements, FE-SEM, FTIR and TG analysis. Results show that the wettability of the fabric has been diminished to different hydrophobic and superhydrophobic levels under varying experimental conditions such as ageing time, SA and SHPCC particle concentration. The hydrophobic layer exhibits self-cleaning behavior and it retains with reasonable durability under tested conditions of mechanical abrasion and washings.

Research on mosquito repellent performance of bamboo-polyester blended anti-mosquito yarn seamless knitted fabric

PurposePeople have always been invaded by mosquitoes, and the development of new anti-mosquito fabrics has attracted much attention. The purpose of this paper is to study the effect of knitting process on the performance of anti-mosquito seamless fabrics and provide a basis for obtaining anti-mosquito seamless knitted fabrics with excellent comprehensive performance.Design/methodology/approachThis paper uses bamboo–polyester mosquito repellent yarn containing wormwood extract as the face of seamless knitted fabric. The test factors include ordinary material in the face yarn, ground yarn material, seamless knitted structure and arrangement ratio of ordinary yarn and anti-mosquito yarn in face yarn. According to the quasi-level additional orthogonal test, 12 knitting plans are determined, and the mosquito repellent test and durability test are performed on the fabric.FindingsThe experimental results show that the optimal fabric for anti-mosquito performance is 12#, and the average repellent rate after washing 15 times is 58.57%. The corresponding process is that the face yarn is fully anti-mosquito yarn, the fabric is a single-sided mesh structure and the ground yarn is made of 4.4tex moisture-absorbing nylon/2.2tex spandex wrapped yarn.Research limitations/implicationsIn this paper, there is still a lack of diversity in the selection of yarn materials and fabrics. In the follow-up research, the authors will use more fabrics and yarn materials for combination and experimentation and simulate and predict the mosquito resistance rate of knitted fabrics with different materials and structures.Practical implicationsThe development of anti-mosquito seamless knitted fabrics with good comprehensive performance and the use of environmentally friendly wormwood repellents not only conform to the current people's healthy and environmentally friendly life philosophy, but also promote the development of the functional seamless knitted fabric market.Social implicationsIn addition, seamless knitted fabrics have a huge market prospect, and many of their fabrics are used for sports underwear and outdoor wear. Therefore, the research and development of functional knitted fabrics will attract consumers to buy. While improving the wearing comfort, it can increase profits for the company.Originality/valueThe mosquito-proof functional seamless knitted fabric developed in this research has a high mosquito-proof rate after 15 times and can be used as underwear fabric or outdoor sports fabric.

Relationship between practices of eye protection against solar ultraviolet radiation and cataract in a rural area.

BackgroundCataract is a public health concern worldwide that differentially affects rural residents of outlying islands where ultraviolet radiation (UVR) may have greater penetration because of less shading.ObjectivesTo assess the relationships between attitudes and practices of eye protection and eye diseases for residents of an offshore island of Taiwan.MethodsQuestionnaire survey was administered to local residents (age > 50 years) regarding socio-demographic information, attitudes/practices of eye protection under sun exposure and eye diseases.ResultsA total of 816 participants (response rate 90.7%, 816/900) completed the questionnaires. Mean age was 63.7 (+ 10.8) years. Among these participants, 44.4%, 15.1% and 8.3% had cataract, dry eye and glaucoma, respectively. Although 86.3% and 88.2% of participants agreed that they should avoid outdoor activities and wear glasses/broad-brimmed hats in harsh daylight, 69.4% and 48.3% of participants never/rarely used glasses or hats/umbrellas in harsh daylight, respectively. Predictors of less practices of eye protection against solar UVR included residents who were male, with lower education level, with longer residence and lack of commercial health insurance. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that practices of eye protection under sun exposure were significantly associated with less cataract, but not glaucoma or dry eye. Participants who did not wear glasses, broad-brimmed hats/use umbrellas or both in harsh sunlight (almost) every time were respectively associated with a 57% (P = 0.028), 45% (P = 0.027) or 70% (P = 0.026) increase of cataract than those who did in harsh sunlight (almost) every time.ConclusionsPractices of eye protection under sun exposure is associated with lower risk of cataract.

2030 세대의 아웃도어 웨어 선택속성이 구매 만족 및 재구매 의도에 미치는 영향

The outdoor wear market has recently been on the rise again due to the effects of COVID-19 and related health concerns. This study aims to identify the selection attributes of the 2030 generation—which is drawing attention as a new consumer pool by injecting new vitality into the outdoor wear market—when purchasing outdoor-wear and to identify the impact of selection attributes on purchasing satisfaction and repurchase intention. Various prior studies have been conducted on the outdoor-wear market, but most of these focus on middle-aged people; thus, it is time for research on outdoor-wear consumption behavior among the 2030 generation because the current research is insufficient in this area. The survey was conducted through an online research institute from April 30, 2021 to May 12, 2021, and targeted adult in their 20s and 30s who had purchased outdoor-wear. A statistical analysis of a total of 258 responses using SPSS 25.0 showed that the respondents’ outdoor-wear selection attributes consisted of four factors: brand and trend, aesthetics, price, and functionality; their purchase satisfaction consisted of two factors: expressive satisfaction as well as functionality and practicality satisfaction; and repurchase intention was derived as one factor. Analysis of the effects of selection attributes on purchase satisfaction shows that price has a significant effect on all satisfaction factors. However, aesthetics, as well as brand and trend, had a significant effect only on expressive satisfaction, and functionality only on functionality and practicality satisfaction. Moreover, both types of satisfaction have been found to affect repurchase intention. The results of the analysis of the impact of outdoor wear selection attributes on purchasing satisfaction among the 2030 generation can serve as a basis for understanding consumer behavior. We also expect that effective strategy formulation based on this study will facilitate the growth of the outdoor-wear market.

Improvement of Elastic Property of Circular Weft Knit Three-Thread Fleece Fabric by Changing Stitch Length

The market demand for three-thread fleece fabric is increasing steadily due to its soft and bulky texture. Garments made from knitted fleece fabric, such as sweaters and jackets, are generally used for outdoor wear, especially in the winter season because of their warmth, moisture, and absorption properties. However, the elastic properties of three-thread fleece fabric is reduced significantly after the raising operation. This study aimed to increase the elastic recovery of three-thread fabric by changing the stitch length during the manufacturing process in industrial-scale production. The results showed that by varying the stitch length, the elastic recovery was improved by around 9%. Hence, the developed method can be used in textile knitting industries to improve the elastic recovery of fleece fabric.

아웃도어웨어 구입에서 소비자 헌신과 구매의도 간의 관계분석 : 확장된 계획행동모형을 중심으로

아웃도어웨어 구입에서 소비자 헌신과 구매의도 간의 관계분석 : 확장된 계획행동모형을 중심으로

An importance-performance analysis on selection attributes for young golf apparel consumers

Purpose The purpose of this study was to find out what young amateur golfers consider the most when purchasing golf apparel and to find out the Importance-Performance attributes when choosing golf apparel. Methods Amateur golfers in their 20s through 40s who have purchased golf clothing directly were selected as the subject. A total of 350 questionnaires were distributed using the purposive sampling method, and 331 copies as a final validity sample. For data analysis exploratory factor analysis Cronbach’α, frequency analysis, and Importance-Performance analysis by using SPSS 21.0. Results First, except for ‘fancy design’, ‘water-proof function’, ‘elasticity comfort’, ‘brand name’ there were significant differences between importance and satisfaction of selection attribute. Second, ‘harmonic colors’, ‘has its own characteristics’, ‘expressing beauty’, ‘elasticity comfort’ were analyzed to be situated in quadrant Ⅰ. Third, ‘fancy design’, ‘water-proof function’, ‘temperature maintenance function’, ‘elasticity and durability’, ‘brand name’, ‘high-priced yet popular brand’, ‘popular brand’ were analyzed to be situated in quadrant Ⅱ. Fourth, ‘comfortable to wear’, ‘convenient for physical activity’ were analyzed to be situated in quadrant Ⅲ. Fifth, ‘can be also worn for outdoor wear’, ‘wear for gathering’, ‘wear as daily attire’ were analyzed to be situated in quadrant Ⅳ. Conclusions The results will be the basis for effective target marketing on young amateur golfers who are rapidly emerging and will be able to grasp the characteristics of golf apparel that they really want.

아웃도어웨어의 브랜드자산과 고객가치, 고객만족, 고객신뢰 및 고객애호도의 구조적 관계

This study has a main purpose that closely examines the structural relationship among brand equity, customer value, customer satisfaction, customer trust and customer loyalty of outdoor wear. In order to achieve it, the sample from hikers using hiking trails were accumulated by using convenience sampling that chose hiking trail in Seoul. The samples were 500 people. and we excluded unsuitable sheet like that were decided as untruthful one and an omission and unclear. So the final samples were 455 people. On the basis of that, The statistical techniques, spss 24.0 and amos 24.0 program have been used for the analysis as per research purpose. The statistical analysis used in the research for a data analysis includes frequency analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, reliability analysis, correlation analysis, and structure equation model analysis. The research has drawn the following conclusions, based on the above mentioned research method and its procedures:BR First, The brand equity influences customer value.BR Second, The customer value influences customer satisfaction.BR Third, The customer value influences customer trust.BR Fourth, The customer satisfaction influences customer loyalty.BR Fifth, The customer trust influences customer loyalty.

Development of the zip-up T-shirt design for men’s outdoor clothing in summer

As the population of consumers of outdoor wear expands, there is increasing interest among consumers in trendy lifestyle outdoor. Accordingly, it is essential to develop designs that are drawn from outdoor wear. This can be limited to traditional mountaineering suits, and designs developed from men’s outdoor zip-up T-shirts, which are highly utilized in everyday life, are very important. This study developed the design of a summer zip-up T-shirt for men with both functional and aesthetic qualities. Visual images of foreign brands and domestic outdoor-focused T-shirts from the spring/summer seasons of 2013-2019 were collected to analyze the following modeling elements: silhouettes, details, colors, materials, and prints. In addition, the design concept was derived by analyzing presentations from the global outdoor trade Fairs (2013-2019). To develop a sustainable eco-friendly outdoor summer T-shirt for men, the concept was derived according to three categories: eco-friendly, sportismexpressed active elements of sports, and an outro-concept of urban town wear as an outdoor lifestyle. Thus, a total of 12 styles of design were developed. High utilization of the outdoor wear T-shirts (which are also popular as lifestyle wear), is an important aspect of building a segmented lineup of the slow-growing outdoor wear market and supports expansion of the scope of theoretical research on outdoor wear design.

한국형 재난 대비용 아웃도어 웨어 디자인 연구 : 사례 기반 추론을 활용하여

In our highly industrialized society, disasters that started simultaneously with the history of mankind have transformed into much larger and more diverse types . Since they are an essential part of our lives , we are making efforts to accept and overcome such disasters. Given individuals’ increased safety consciousness due to continuous disasters, interest in disaster supplies is also increasing. However, Korea’s amount of disaster supplies is still insufficient, which makes it very difficult to expect immediate responses to unexpected situations. Thus, through a literature review, this study aims to understand the different disaster types experienced in Korea and the needed disaster supplies to deal with them. The study also suggests product designs that could strengthen individuals’ safety competencies in the event of disaster situations by applying relevant technologies to outdoor wear. This kind of wear belongs to a highly functional product group of clothing that is worn all the time, becoming part of the user . The study’s significance lies in its attempt to propose new approaches and draw conclusions by solving design problems through the case-based reasoning method in the idea generation stage, which normally depends on designers’ intuition in the existing design process. Based on the design problems and design guidelines drawn from a case analysis of disaster supplies, this study suggests a total of four clothing designs. Outdoor wear worn as a fashion item with increased portability and accessibility, which used to be insufficient in existing disaster supplies, would be helpful in increasing users’ survival rate in disaster situations.

오피니언 마이닝 분석을 활용한 아웃도어웨어 브랜드 비교･분석 연구 : 국내 Top 10대 아웃도어웨어 브랜드를 중심으로

오피니언 마이닝 분석을 활용한 아웃도어웨어 브랜드 비교･분석 연구 : 국내 Top 10대 아웃도어웨어 브랜드를 중심으로

Evaluating the use of a temperature sensor to monitor spectacle compliance in warm versus cold climates

BackgroundThis study investigates the utility of a temperature sensor data logger to monitor spectacle compliance for future application in research and clinical settings. Specifically, the question of whether warm versus cold climates negatively impact accuracy of the sensor to monitor spectacle wear is investigated.MethodsFifty adults from Houston, Texas (summer) and 40 adults from Columbus, Ohio (winter) wore a thermosensor on their spectacles for one-week while keeping wear‐time logs. Temperatures during reported spectacle wear (ON) were compared to temperatures during non‐wear (OFF) between sites. Two methods to approximate wear time were evaluated by percent error with respect to subject‐reported wear time. Method 1 filtered temperatures, classifying the range of 28.4 to 35.2°C as wear. Method 2 utilised examiners interpreting temperature versus time plots. Separate analysis of periods of reported outdoor wear was performed to identify the percentage of time examiners correctly identified wear.ResultsGroup mean ON temperatures did not differ between sites (p = 0.72), but group mean OFF temperatures were significantly warmer in Houston (Houston: 24.7 ± 2.0°C, Columbus: 20.3 ± 2.1°C; p < 0.0001). Median percent error of the filtering technique to approximate subject reported wear time was 4-per cent for Houston and −8-per cent for Columbus. Median percent error for examiner 1: Houston 1-per cent, Columbus 0-per cent; median percent error for examiner 2: Houston 3-per cent, Columbus 0-per cent. Houston outdoor wear was correctly identified 88 and 97-per cent of the time by the examiners versus 79 and 81-per cent for Columbus.ConclusionDespite environmental temperature differences, measured temperatures during spectacle wear were similar across subjects and median percent error was less than 10-per cent for both wear time approximation methods. The device studied was effective for objectively monitoring spectacle wear in both warm and cold climates with the caveat that subjects spent the majority of time indoors.

소비가치가 아웃도어웨어의 VMD선호이미지에 미치는 영향

소비가치가 아웃도어웨어의 VMD선호이미지에 미치는 영향

The Study of Social-Face Sensitivity and Consumer Purchasing Behavior with Outdoor Wear -Mediating Effect of Conspicuous Consumption-

The Study of Social-Face Sensitivity and Consumer Purchasing Behavior with Outdoor Wear -Mediating Effect of Conspicuous Consumption-