Background: Septic arthritis, physitis and/or osteomyelitis (SAPO) is a common presentation in foals, particularly those aged under seven months old. Due to its often rapid progression and the fact that prognosis is improved if treatment begins within 24 hours of the onset of clinical signs, it is important that affected patients are identified as early as possible and treatment initiated promptly.Aim of the article: This article guides practitioners on the clinical signs of SAPO cases and outlines the diagnostic and treatment options available.