Organizational Orientation Research Articles

Качество образования как фактор конкурентоспособности вуза

The strategic orientation of any modern educational organization is to achieve competitive advantages in the market of educational services. The competitiveness of the university is directly dependent on the quality of its educational services. Evaluation of the quality of education, in turn, goes to such concepts as the rating of the university and its accreditation. Discussion of this area of higher education is actively conducted in the academic community, but its research, especially in the realities of the digital economy, is insufficient, which makes this publication relevant. The purpose of the study is to identify the actual features of achieving high competitiveness in the conditions of digital transformation by a domestic university. To do this, it is necessary to analyze the existing experience of Russian higher education in terms of responding to the challenges of digital transformation and develop recommendations for achieving high quality education in modern conditions. The research methodology is based on the theoretical foundations of professional education and the competitiveness of Russian universities. The article analyzes the domestic and international experience in assessing the quality of education, while proving that the main criterion for assessing the competitiveness of a university is the quality of learning outcomes. Methods of comparative analysis, observation and generalization are used. The study proves that modern Russian higher education does not always adequately respond to the challenges and opportunities of digital transformation. A number of systemic problems hindering the achievement of high quality of modern higher education are identified. The necessity of combining the introduction of innovative technologies of the educational process with the preservation of the advantages of traditional education is confirmed. Promising directions of constructive interaction of the university with the most important stakeholders of higher education – employers are proposed.

Opposition party organizational features, ideological orientations, and elite co-optation in electoral autocracies

ABSTRACT Autocrats often attempt to co-opt select opposition party leaders to remain in power. While the literature identifies co-optation of opposition party leaders as an important survival strategy of autocrats, we lack a systematic examination of why some opposition party leaders are co-opted but not others. This article argues that opposition party co-optation is shaped by both inter- and intra-party dynamics. Using a novel data set on opposition party organizations in electoral autocracies between 1970 and 2019, I show that opposition parties with high mobilizational capacity and those that devolve internal decision-making authority from the party leadership to lower cadres are less likely to be co-opted, especially when they are ideological distant from autocratic incumbents. I contend that opposition parties’ organizational characteristics and their ideological positioning in an autocratic party system significantly alter the strategic calculus of the incumbent regime and opposition party elites in deciding whether or not to cooperate with one another. Hence, autocratic incumbents’ ability to control opposition parties through co-optation is shaped not only by the commonly highlighted factors such as resource availability, institutional manipulation or repression, but also as a result of the relatively less well-understood factors such as opposition party organizational features and party positions.

Review: Vanguard: How Black Women Broke Barriers, Won the Vote, and Insisted on Equality for All, by Martha S. Jones

Review: <i>Vanguard: How Black Women Broke Barriers, Won the Vote, and Insisted on Equality for All</i>, by Martha S. Jones

High-performance work systems, learning orientation and innovativeness: the antecedent role of environmental turbulence

PurposeThe aim of this paper is to empirically examine whether environmental turbulence leads to the adoption of high-performance work systems (HPWS) and learning orientation (LO) in organizations and, if so, how these two elements contribute to innovativeness. Past research studies widely demonstrated that HPWS and LO are strong determinants of innovativeness. This study incorporates environmental turbulence as an antecedent and explains the interactions between these concepts.Design/methodology/approachThis paper involves a questionnaire-based survey of 233 firms. For hypothesis testing, structural equation modeling (SEM) was used.FindingsThe results revealed the antecedent role of environmental turbulence in HPWS and LO. Additionally, HPWS and LO mediated the relationship between environmental turbulence and organizational innovativeness.Research limitations/implicationsThis research has the limitations of a cross-sectional study design. The study draws out some implications for firms facing turbulent conditions and intending to increase their innovativeness by stimulating a learning culture and focusing on human capital through HPWS.Originality/valueThe overarching contribution of this study is to test the assumption that organizations initiate changes in their internal systems as a response to environmental turbulence. By doing so, the study enriches current studies by exploring the mediator role of HPWS and LO between environmental turbulence and innovativeness. This research also contributes to the literature by demonstrating the antecedent role of environmental turbulence in HPWS for the first time. Additionally, it provides evidence for the relationship between environmental turbulence and LO.

THE NEW KINGDOM OF EGYPT AND THE EARLY STATE ORGANIZATIONS OF THE ARMENIAN HIGHLAND IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE II MILLENNIUM BC (BASED ON HISTORICAL SOURCES AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL EVIDENCE)

The Ancient Near Eastern powerful states in the mid II millennium BC were not only directing and supervising the military-political, trading-economic, and sociocultural processes, but were also trying to obtain their dominance and control in the region. This was the reason that two conflicting groups gradually polarized in the region, where each state, despite its interests concerning the redistribution of spheres of influence in the ancient Near East, had to ally a more convenient political formation, given the current political situation and its capacities. As a result, the Hittite New Kingdom, Arzawa and Wilusa appeared to be in one of the groups, and the New Kingdom of Egypt, Kassite Babylonia and Mitanni were in the other one. The inter-state relations of these powers included both military-political and diplomatic rivalry, and a controlled system of well-organized transit trading and cultural relations. At the same time, each of the groups sought to urge other small early state organizations and tribal unions of the region to get involved in the alliance, contributing to the realization of prospective political plans with their capacities of raw materials, production of specific items and human resources. This was the situation also with the part of the early state organization of the Armenian Highland. Meanwhile, both the written sources and the archaeological excavations in general, testify the anti-Hittite orientation of the early state organizations of the Armenian Highland and their tending towards Egypt-Mitanni-Kassite Babylonia alliance.

The effect of Coaching Leadership on Organizational Trust and Innovative Behavior: Moderated Mediation by Power Distance Orientation

The purpose of this study is to reveal the effect of coaching leadership on organizational trust and innovative behavior depending on the level of power distance orientation. Specifically, the relationship between coaching leadership and innovative behavior was examined and the mediating effect of organizational trust was identified in the effect of coaching leadership on innovative behavior. In addition, this study examined a moderating effect of power distance orientation on the relationship between organizational trust and innovative behavior Finally, the relationship between coaching leadership and innovative behavior is verified by the moderated mediating effect of power distance orientation in the mediation of organizational trust. For this purpose, data from 697 Korean workers were collected through Embrain, an Internet survey company in Korea. According to the research, the relationship between coaching leadership and innovative behavior has been proven to have a partial mediating effect significantly by organizational trust. The moderating effect of the power distance orientation and the moderated mediating effect were also both significant. Employees with lower organizational turst and lower power distance orientation tended to innovate more than employees with higher power distance orientation, but the difference was found to have been decreased significantly at a higher level of organizational trust. Finally, we discussed practical implications, limitations, and future research.

Commercial organization staff's customer centricity: the level of development and relationship with staff's communicative and emotional

The article analyzes the results of empirical research related to the levels of development of the main components and index of staff's customer orientation in commercial organizations. Among the commercial organization staff's customer orientation components, which were found to be at low levels, the most developed component was "'following customer orientation standards and using special technologies". It was followed by much less developed "organization's customer orientation policies and staff empowerment" and "staff' customer orientation training and encouraging". Only one in four respondents had a customer orientation index at high level. Commercial organization staff's communication and emotional characteristics were shown to have statistically significant positive relationships with some of staff's customer orientation components and customer orientation index (increased levels of staff's customer orientation-relevant characteristics corresponded to the increased levels of each of the staff's customer orientation components and index).

Social entrepreneurship orientation and performance in non-profit organizations

With the downturn in the global socioeconomic panorama, the social entrepreneurship orientation (SEO) and the social performance of non-profit organizations (NPOs) have become subject to growing levels of attention. The objective of this study is to analyze the influence of SEO on the performance of NPOs. To this end, we deployed a quantitative methodology based on the application of a survey of NPOs, which received a total of 135 valid responses. Our results demonstrate a positive effect for the dimensions of social innovation and social proactivity even while reporting no effect for the acceptance of social risks on performance. These results hold important implications across two different levels: in terms of the NPOs and policy-makers.

Top-Down Orientation on Fourth Industrial Revolution: A Literature Review

Fourth Industrial Revolution (IR 4.0) through convergence of technologies is blurring the lines between physical and virtual world. It has not only redefined the operations for companies and policy making for countries but has led to new possibilities for human life. With this broad and significant impact, this paper uniquely contributes to share a wide-spectrum view from macro/country to micro/organization level (top-down approach) on IR 4.0. Bibliometric and thematic analysis methodology has been used to review 255 journal articles from 1964 to mid-2019. The findings of this review reveal four distinct orientation (Country, Industry, Functional and Organizational Orientation) on IR 4.0. The study further identifies five sub-orientation of functional orientation (Risk Management, Customer Service Management, Operations Management, Value Chain Management and Supply Chain Management) and three sub-orientation of organizational orientation (People, Process and Product-Service). The future studies can consider this top-down approach orientation for comprehensive viewpoint on IR 4.0, which at present is largely understudied, and is also uncommon in most of the existing literature reviews on IR 4.0.

Contributions of entrepreneurial orientation in the use of agile methods in project management

Purpose This paper aims to analyze the degree of contribution of the entrepreneurial orientation (EO) of organizations in the use of agile methods (AM) in project management. Design/methodology/approach A quantitative approach with the application of a survey with project professionals resulted in 206 valid answers. The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling and the method of partial least squares (PLS). Findings The results present empirical evidence of the significant contribution of EO in the use of AM in project management, confirming the main hypothesis of this study. This effect was not influenced by the control variables tested. Research limitations/implications This study contributes to the development of research on AM and minimizes the literature gap on the connection between entrepreneurship and AM. The results are limited to the sample. Studies with broader samples and different segments are suggested, as well as the contribution of each dimension of the EO to AM. Practical implications Innovativeness, risk-taking, proactiveness, autonomy and competitive aggressiveness (EO dimensions) can contribute to the use of AM and guide actions to develop these behaviors, pursuing better adherence to agile values and the use of AM in project management. Originality/value The originality of this study regarding the connection between EO and AM lies on the presentation of a theoretical model of this relationship and reduces the gap in this research field. Given the degree of EO contribution in AM (19.7%), there are other factors that affect the use of AM in project management that should be investigated.

Leaders' trait signaling effect on followers' psychological contract dynamics

PurposeUsing signaling theory and the literature on psychological contracts, the authors investigate how leaders' personalities shape their followers' perceptions of the type of psychological contract formed. They also suggest that leaders' personalities impact their followers' perceived contract breach. Furthermore, the authors propose that power distance orientation in organizations acts as an important boundary condition that enhances or exacerbates the relationships between personality and contract type and personality and perceived breach.Design/methodology/approachData were collected through multiple sources in Pakistan from 456 employees employed in 102 bank branches. Multilevel moderated path analyses provided reasonably good support for our hypotheses.FindingsThe leaders' personalities impacted the relational contracts of their followers in the cases of extraversion and agreeableness, whereas neuroticism had a significant relationship with the followers' formation of transactional contracts. Similarly, agreeableness, neuroticism and conscientiousness had significant relationships with perceived breach. Finally, the power distance of the followers aggregated at a group level moderated the personality-contract type and personality-perceived breach relationships.Research limitations/implicationsThis research advances understanding of psychological contracts in organizations. More specifically, it shows that the personality of leader would have profound impact on the type of contract their employees form and the likelihood that would perceive the breach of contract.Originality/valueThis research extends existing personality-psychological contract literature by examining the role of leaders' personalities in signaling to employees the type of contract that is formed and the perception of its breach. The role of power distance organizational culture as a signaling environment is also considered.

Organizational Project Management Maturity Effect on the Relationship Between Entrepreneurial Orientation and Organizational Performance in Egyptian Organizations

This paper explores the effect of Organizational Project Management Maturity (OPMM) on the Relationship Between Entrepreneurial Orientation and Organizational Performance (EO-OP) in Egypt. The research foundation of this paper is the Resource-Based View (RBV) theory. Data was collected from senior managers from 244 Egyptian organizations and regression analysis, ANOVA testing and a series of moderated hierarchical multiple regression analysis were used to test the hypotheses. The results revealed that the relationship between EO and OP is much more dependent on the organizational context and environment and that OPMM has positive effect on OP and antecedent effect on EO.

Sustainable procurement model for publicly funded construction projects in developing nations – a structural equation modeling approach

Procurement is established as one of the critical factors for attaining sustainable development. Previous studies indicate that the uptake of sustainable procurement by the construction industry in developing nations is minimal. Also, these studies have not produced a consensus of constructs to measure its adoption. This paper identifies and evaluates the constructs determining sustainable procurement and hypothesizes a model that integrates these constructs. The study hypothesizes that a sustainable procurement model for publicly funded construction projects is a six-factor model (Model 1.0). Data obtained through a survey questionnaire from three hundred and twenty professionals were subjected to structural equation modeling (SEM) technique. The result produced a confirmed five-factor model (Model 2.0). Further SEM analysis reveals that the Rho and Cronbach's alpha coefficients were both above 0.70 criterion. The test statistic (Z) investigation shows that the constructs have a direct influence on sustainable procurement. The study recommends that the regulatory environment, construction industry development, organizational orientation, procurement method selection, and adoption of newer technologies are critical in achieving sustainable procurement and so should guide policy focus in Nigeria. Another novelty of the study is that the new constructs- construction industry development and adoption of newer methodologies, were significant in the model.

ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE ORIENTATION AND SOFT HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT ORIENTATION IN THE MALAYSIAN HOTEL ORGANIZATIONS

It has been recognized that hotel organizations gain competitive advantage through their employees that are able and willing to provide quality service, through their expertise and ingenuity. The intangible work environment evolved and is personified by the organization culture. The Soft HRM focuses on treating employees as valued assets and a source of competitive advantage through their commitment, adaptability and high-quality skill and performance. The objective of the research was to examine the relationship between the organizational cultural orientation and the Soft HRM orientation of selected hotel organizations in Malaysia. Specifically, it aimed to examine if there were similarities and differences in the culture-Soft HRM orientations and to determine if there was any association between these variables orientations with the turnover rates. It was proposed that when there was a high level of association between the two strategic orientations, the organization would be more effective, as indicated by the turnover rate of employees. The findings indicated there was an alignment between organizational culture orientation with the organizational Soft HRM orientation. However, partial support was found between culture-Soft HRM orientations with turnover rate. This study had contributed to a better understanding on the practices that relate to organizational culture orientation and Soft HRM orientation in the hotel organizations.

New employee orientation, role-related stressors and conflict at work: Consequences for work attitudes and performance of hospitality employees

Combining role theory with theories on hindrance stressors and intragroup conflict, we develop a model of the attitudinal and behavioral consequences of new employee orientation in hospitality organizations. We test hypotheses about main and mediated effects in this model, using data from a sample of 156 recently hired hospitality interns and applying a longitudinal approach, with data collection shortly after organizational entry and several months later. Results suggest that employee orientation is negatively related to two hindrance stressors: role ambiguity and role conflict. Role ambiguity predicts a range of attitudinal outcomes and the relationship is partially mediated by relationship conflict. In addition, role ambiguity is negatively related to task performance. Role conflict predicts hospitality employees’ job attitudes and this relationship is fully mediated by relationship conflict. We discuss important theoretical and practical implications of these findings for human resource management in hospitality firms.

ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ СУЧАСНИХ ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ ПРОЦЕСНОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ БІЗНЕС-ПРОЄКТАМИ В ПЕРІОД ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЙНИХ ЗМІН ЕКОНОМІКИ

The article is devoted to the study of the features of the use of modern process technologies for managing business projects in the context of transformational changes in the national economic environment. Modern conditions for conducting economic activities force enterprises to resort to the use of more progressive tools for the implementation of organizational measures of a project or program nature. The article examines the main international organizations that formed the theoretical basis for the development of project management, identifies the main types of project management technologies in accordance with the nature of their target orientation, in particular, management technologies of qualification, specialized, object and organizational orientation. Provided a detailed description of the key technologies of process management of business projects, which are actively used in the economic practice of modern enterprises, namely Waterfall, Agile, Scrum and Kanban, in the context of their key essential characteristics, as well as inherent advantages and disadvantages in practical application. However, taking into account the specific features of each of the process management methods of business projects, as well as the high level of influence of external factors, which is observed in modern market conditions, business entities will certainly face a number of systemic problems associated with ensuring the effective implementation of these management technologies and maximizing the results obtained from such actions. The authors of the article identify and reveal in detail the main problems faced by domestic enterprises in the process of implementing project management measures caused by the influence of destructive factors of the external economic environment. An expanded list of recommendatory measures has been formed to overcome the designated management problems, both from the standpoint of effectively countering the complex macroeconomic and post-pandemic economic realities of functioning, and with respect to the specifics of the selection of certain project management techniques.

К истории русинов в межвоенной Югославии

The article discusses the book At the Crossroads: The Rusins in Yugoslavia in 1918–1941 written in the Rusin language by Professor Janko Ramach, Serbian historian, Head of the Department of the Rusin Studies at the University of Novi Sad. The book studies the history, culture, and religion of the Rusin community in Yugoslavia between the First and Second World Wars. The work raises the problem of the national and religious orientation of Rusin public organizations, analyses the main activities of the pro‑Ukrainian Rusin people and educational association, and pro-Russian Cultural and Educational Union of Yugoslav Rusins, which was later renamed into the Cultural and National Union of Yugoslav Rusins. The book consists of 19 essays, linked together chronologically and thematically.

Validating the Effects of Organizational Internal Factors and Technology Orientation on Environmental Sustainability Performance of Malaysian Construction Firms

Validating the Effects of Organizational Internal Factors and Technology Orientation on Environmental Sustainability Performance of Malaysian Construction Firms

The role of organizational commitment, entrepreneurial orientation, and architectural marketing capabilities on improving marketing performance by using network chain capability of goods in tourism market

Entrepreneurial orientation is carried out to improve management's ability to deal with market changes. This study examines a new concept of network chain capability that is capable of mediating the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and marketing performance of goods in tourism market. The study also verifies the architectural marketing capabilities and organizational commitment to improve network chain capabilities that have an impact on marketing performance of goods in tourism market. In this study, 6 hypotheses are developed and tested with data collected from 185 respondents in the handicraft industry focused on tourism market. Data are analyzed using AMOS 22.0 statistical software which successfully tested 6 hypotheses with significant results. The study proves that network chain capability is declared feasible as a mediating variable. Managerially, network chain capabilities can be practiced as a marketing tool to improve performance.

Organization of operational and investigative activities of the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation to combat organized crimeof economic orientation in the field of illegal use of wood

Organization of operational and investigative activities of the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation to combat organized crimeof economic orientation in the field of illegal use of wood