Oral Health Promotion Programs Research Articles

Implementation and dissemination of the Sikh American Families Oral Health Promotion Program

ABSTRACTThe Sikh American Families Oral Health Promotion Program used a community-based participatory approach to develop, implement, evaluate, and disseminate a culturally tailored oral health/healthy living curriculum for the Sikh—South Asian community. Here, we examine the impact of community engagement throughout the process of program implementation in five Gurdwaras (places of worship) in New York and New Jersey and dissemination of the findings through targeted venues and the curriculum via e-Health resources. An interactive curriculum was developed (consisting of four core and three special topics) based upon a community-led needs assessment, adaptation of evidence-based oral health curricula, guidance from professional dental and medical associations, and input from Community Advisory Board (CAB) members. The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research guided a mixed-method evaluation, consisting of both process and outcome measures. Five trained community educators delivered a total of 42 educational sessions. Improved oral hygiene behaviors and self-efficacy were found among program participants. For participants with no dental insurance prior to program enrollment (n = 58), 81.0% credited the program with helping them obtain insurance for themselves or their children. Further, for participants with no dentist prior to program enrollment (n = 68), 92.6% credited the program with helping them or their children find a local dentist. Short videos in Punjabi were created in response to feedback received from community educators and CAB members to reach men, especially. Community engagement was key to successful program implementation and dissemination, from the implementation leaders (community educators) to the opinion leaders and champions (CAB members).

Evaluation on the Oral Health Promotion Program for Kindergarten Students

Background/Objectives: We operated a three-step promotion program in order to improve children’s oral health. Based on the program, we tried to demonstrate the efficacy by time and the necessity of education for daycare teachers and protectors as they would be in charge for children’s oral health status. Methods/Statistical analysis: A total 189 subjects who are teacher of kindergarten or protector of preschooler at J city, Chungcheongbuk-do province were enrolled, and from March 2013 they conducted a survey for a month. Oral health promotion program was operated for total 193 preschool children at age 6 or 7. It included theoretical and practice education for appropriate behaviors for oral health. Findings: Regarding oral health promotion program, each PHP index (Patient oral Hygiene Performance) by time presented improved plaque score as education had been repeated (p<0.001). The survey for improvement of children’s tooth brushing practices demonstrated the rate of children with oral health instruction experience as 21%, and with fluoride-containing dentifrice usage as 43%. Only 42% of subjects were aware of appropriate amount of dentifrice for children (pea-size). Improvements/Applications: For supporting qualified oral health behaviors for children, it is necessary to develop modules based on health promotion model which could lead children’s attitude and performance for oral health.

Prevalence of Dental Caries, Oral Hygiene Knowledge, Status, and Practices among Visually Impaired Individuals in Chennai, Tamil Nadu.

Aim. To assess the prevalence of dental caries, oral hygiene knowledge, status, and practices among visually impaired individuals in Chennai, Tamil Nadu. Materials and Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 404 visually impaired individuals in Chennai city, Tamil Nadu. Four schools were randomly selected for conducting the study. The oral hygiene status, prevalence of caries, and knowledge and attitude towards oral care among visually impaired individuals were collected and analysed. Results. In the present study, whilst 42% of individuals had fair oral hygiene status, 33% had good hygiene followed by 25% having poor oral hygiene. The overall mean number of DMFT was estimated to be 4.5 ± 2.7. The mean number of decayed teeth was 3.1 ± 2.2, mean number of missing teeth was 0.8 ± 1.4, and mean number of filled teeth was 0.5 ± 1.3. Conclusion. Whilst oral hygiene status was found to be relatively fair, there was a high rate of dental caries among the sample population. This shows that there is lack of knowledge regarding oral health maintenance. Therefore, early identification of caries coupled with effective oral health promotion programs providing practical knowledge to visually impaired students would prove beneficial.

Oral Health Status and Normative Needs of College Students in Mangalore, Karnataka

Introduction: Community-oriented oral health promotion programmes can be efficiently targeted by assessing the oral health status comprehensively. Aim: To investigate oral health status and normative needs of college students in Mangalore, Karnataka. Materials and Methods: A descriptive study was done among 720, 18–20-year-old students attending degree colleges in Mangalore using multi-stage random sampling. Oral health status was recorded as per World Health Organization oral health assessment form. The data were coded and analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 11.5 version software. Results: Overall dental caries prevalence accounted to 68.1%, with a mean Decayed, Missed and Filled teeth (DMFT) of 1.94 [males had higher DMFT score (2.06) than females (1.82)], and majority of the students required one surface restoration. Periodontal status of the students as measured by Community Periodontal Index (CPI) showed that majority of the study participants (34.9%) had calculus necessitating the need for oral prophylaxis. Conclusion: Oral health status of the age groups not traditionally studied gives the complete picture of the oral disease burden, indicating the need of oral heath preventive measures among college students in India.

ORAL HEALTH ATTITUDES AND DEPRESSION AS CORRELATES OF ASTHMA IN ADOLESCENT

Ponte Academic JournalFeb 2017, Volume 73, Issue 2 ORAL HEALTH ATTITUDES AND DEPRESSION AS CORRELATES OF ASTHMA IN ADOLESCENTAuthor(s): Hea Shoon Lee ,Kyung Hee LeeJ. Ponte - Feb 2017 - Volume 73 - Issue 2 doi: 10.21506/j.ponte.2017.2.30 Abstract:The purpose of this study was to understand the effect of oral health attitude and depression in adolescent asthma and also identify the risk factors that affect asthma. A total sample of 382 adolescents (aged 12-14) answered the questionnaire and all collected survey data were processed using SPSS ver 20.0 for data analyses such as descriptive statistics, Chi-square test, t-test, fisher�s exact test, and logistic regression analysis. The prevalence rate of asthma in female students was lower than male (OR=0.27) students, and the recognition of bad oral health status (OR=6.03) was higher than rate in good subjective oral health. Also, students who were aware of deficient general health condition (OR=4.49) had higher prevalence rate of asthma than other students. In the detailed survey about the oral health attitude, the number of adolescents with asthma who had good oral health attitude in caries and periodontal disease was significantly higher than that of healthy adolescents. The depression of adolescents with asthma was significantly higher than that of normal youth. The factors which affect the adolescents� asthma included oral health attitude (fluoride on the teeth, dental floss), depression, and general characteristic (gender, subjective oral health, subjective general health). These results indicate that adolescents� asthma was affected by oral health attitude and depression. According to the findings, it is necessary to develop and apply the oral health promotion program that includes the education of oral health attitude considering psychological factors especially for adolescents. Download full text:Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution Username Password

Effects of Oral Health Promotion Program on Oral Function in the Elderly

Effects of Oral Health Promotion Program on Oral Function in the Elderly

Effects of Oral Health Promotion Program for Adolescents from Multicultural Families

Objectives: This study aims to implement an oral health promotion program to improve oral hygiene performance of adolescents from multicultural families and assess changes in knowledge, awareness and behavior in oral health. Methods/Statistical Analysis: The oral health promotion program was explained to multicultural school teachers and students that were located in the C area at dormitory type technical schools for multicultural adolescents in Korea, and under their consent 44 students participated in the program. Findings: It was verified that the three consecutive dental health promotion programs with immigrated adolescent of multicultural families as the recipients had a positive effect on the dental health knowledge, awareness, and behavior of the students. This is being thought that the research that has operated a dental health promotion program and has evaluated the results of the education with adolescents of multicultural families will have meaning itself in the insufficient current status. It is being expected that this research may be used as base line data to the development of dental health promotion programs for adolescents of multicultural families. Improvements/Applications:There is a lack of research with the theme of dental health management programs, making it difficult to directly compare with this advanced research.

Effect of School Oral Health Promotion Programme on dental health and health behaviour in Vietnamese schoolchildren

ObjectiveThis study was designed to (1) determine dental caries and gingivitis and (2) assess the effect of oral health behaviour and self-perception on dental caries experience of Vietnamese schoolchildren aged 8–10 years old, involved in the School Oral Health Promotion Programme (SOHPP). MethodsA total of 556 schoolchildren were examined clinically for dental caries, gingival and oral hygiene status following the WHO's “Oral Health Survey” (1997) guidelines and were asked about oral health behaviour and self-perception related to dental caries. Results87.9% of schoolchildren had experienced dental caries (dft + DFT = 4.1 ± 3.2), 76.8% had gingivitis. 8-year-old schoolchildren experienced a significantly higher prevalence of caries compared to 9- and 10-year-olds (p = 0.007). Good oral hygiene was observed in 13.5% of schoolchildren; 90% brushed their teeth at least once a day; 60% had visited a dentist during last 12 months. No significant difference was found in oral hygiene behaviours related to reducing dental caries. The odds of high dental caries level dft + DFT>6 was significantly associated with schoolchildren's self-perception of “I am afraid of having a dental check-up.” (OR = 1.7, p = 0.012), “I often feel discomfort due to toothache during the last 12 months.” (OR = 1.9, p = 0.001), and consumption of milk with sugar ≥ 1 time/day (OR = 1.6, p = 0.040). ConclusionAlthough the caries experience was at moderate level, there is the high prevalence of dental caries and gingivitis status among the Vietnamese schoolchildren due to lack of oral self-care and infrequent dental visits. The positive contents of SOHPP have not yet improved oral health behaviour of schoolchildren.

일부 보건소 고혈압·당뇨관리교실 연계 구강건강증진 프로그램 운영 및 평가: 논리적 모형을 이용하여

일부 보건소 고혈압·당뇨관리교실 연계 구강건강증진 프로그램 운영 및 평가: 논리적 모형을 이용하여

요양병원 입원 노인환자의 구강건강인식도와 구강건강관련 삶의 질에 관한 연구

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to investigate the relationship between oral health perception and oral health-related quality of life-14(OHIP-14) in a geriatric hospital. Methods: A self-reported questionnaire was completed by 230 elderly people in a long-term care institution. The questionnaire was consisted of items on general characteristics, oral health perception and OHIP-14. Except incomplete answers, 226 data were analyzed statistically with one-way ANOVA, t-test, Pearson's correlation coefficient and post hoc Tukey test and ANOVA when significance was set at 0.05. Results: The OHIP-14 showed a negative linear relationship(p<0.01) of r=-0.272 with the oral health perception. Among the subgroups of the OHIP-14, quantitative linear relationship(p<0.01) was shown in functional limitation(r=0.822), physical pain(r=0.825), psychological discomfort(r=0.568), physical disability(r=0.895), psychological disability(r=0.652), social disability(r=0.804) and handicap(r=0.818). Conclusions: In order to improve the oral health perception and OHIP-14 in a geriatric hospital, it is necessary to develop continuously a variety of oral health education and systematic oral health promotion program.

Effects on Quality of Life and Oral Health of the Elderly in an Oral Health Promotion Program

Background/Objectives: This research has executed a new oral health promotion program which purpose was to verify its effectiveness of oral health promotion through the improvement of their oral function. Methods/Statistical analysis: The research has selected the elderly over the age of 65, capable of communication and self toothbrushing, who use a longterm care. The Oral Health Score(OHC) was calculated by aggregating the oral hygiene score (dental plaque score) and oral function score (oral moisture score, orbicularis muscle strength score, occlusal force score, and deglutition capability score) which sums up to 15 points as its full marks. Findings: we reported that the oral hygiene score of experimental group increased 2.15±0.58 from 1.40±0.75 after the execution of the program, showing a statistically significant difference (p.05). The oral function score of the experimental group also showed a statistically significant difference after the execution of the program, where the oral function score of experimental group increased 6.70±1.30 from 4.95±0.89 after the execution of the program (p.05). The OHC of the experimental group showed a statistically significant difference of 8.85±1.42 from 6.35±1.04 after the execution of the program (p.05). Improvements: Not only the oral health promotion program can improve and sustain the oral health through the improvement of their oral function but also can affect their general health.

Association between oral health habits and dental caries among children in Pyongyang, Democratic People's Republic of Korea.

To evaluate the self-reported oral health habits and their association with the occurrence of dental caries among children in Pyongyang, Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK), after 6 years of activities under the auspices of the Children's Oral Health Promotion Programme (COHPP). The data were collected in September 2013 in two of the most central districts of Pyongyang City, DPRK. The sample consisted of 492 children aged 10 and 13 years who had participated in the COHPP for 6 years. The children filled in a self-completed, structured questionnaire on oral health habits and were examined clinically by a dentist. The differences in mean (SD) number of decayed primary (dt) and permanent teeth (DT) and their sum (dt + DT) subdivided according to genders, age groups, districts and self-reported oral health habits were evaluated using Mann-Whitney U-test. The associations between self-reported oral health habits and the occurrence of dental caries were evaluated with chi-square test and logistic regression analyses. The school-aged children commonly reported healthy oral hygiene habits but sweet snacks were commonly used. The occurrence of dental caries associated statistically significantly with the frequency of sweet snacking (p=0.011) but not with the frequency of tooth brushing (p=0.725) or the use of water for thirst instead of sugary beverages (p=0.189). A more effective promotion of healthy dietary habits with innovative approaches and close collaboration with different social actors will be needed in future.

Web-based oral health promotion program for older adults: Development and preliminary evaluation

ObjectiveThis study reports on the impact evaluation of a Web-based oral health promotion programme aimed at improving the oral health knowledge, attitudes, practices and self-efficacy of independent-living older adults from Melbourne, Australia. MethodsWith ethics approval from the University of Melbourne, a convenience sample of volunteers 55 years or older was invited to participate in a study to test a web-based oral health promotion program. Consenting volunteers were asked to undergo a structured interview as part of the pre-intervention data collection. The intervention was based on the ORHIS (Oral Health Information Seminars/Sheets) Model and involved computer interaction with six oral health presentations, with no direct oral health professional input. A one group pre-test–post-test quasi-experimental design was chosen to evaluate the intervention. A series of paired t-tests were used to compare pre-test with post-test results. ResultsForty-seven active, independent-living older adults participated in this evaluation. After the intervention participants responded with higher levels of achievement than before participating in this Web-based oral health program. Participants showed significant improvements in oral health attitudes (4.10 vs. 4.94; p<0.01), knowledge (18.37 vs. 23.83; p<0.0001), and self-efficacy (84.37 vs.89.23; p<0.01), as well as, self-reported oral hygiene practices (i.e., frequency of use of dental floss) (p<0.05). ConclusionThe e-ORHIS approach was successful in improving oral health knowledge, attitudes and self-efficacy. As such, it represents a helpful approach for the design of (oral) health interventions in older adults. Further evaluation with a larger sample is required to test the long-term impact including the economic evaluation of the e-ORHIS approach.

산업간호사를 대상으로 한 구강보건교육의 효과 평가

The purpose of this study was to evaluate effects of oral health education for occupational health nurses. The subjects were 300 occupational health nurses which participated in continuing education of Korean Association of Occupational Health Nurses. Oral health education contents consisted of basic knowledge about oral health, prevention of periodontal disease, oral health care for workers, and oral health program for workers. In order to evaluate the effects of oral health education, we performed questionnaire surveys before and after the education regarding their perceived oral health status and concern for oral health, knowledge about prevention of periodontal disease, attitude about oral health promotion, and needs for implementation of oral health promotion program. The data were analyzed by paired t-test to compare the change of knowledge and attitude according to the education. Linear regression analysis was carried out to assess the factors related to the improvement of their knowledge and attitude. The findings indicated that oral health knowledge and attitude of occupational health nurses were significantly improved by oral health education. A factor of the improvement of knowledge and attitude was concern for oral health. And they would like to be provided primarily oral health education for occupational health nurses. Finally, this study suggested that oral health education for occupational health nurses had significantly effects on improving oral health knowledge and attitude.

Motivation for Prevention in Childhood as a Basis for long-Term Dental Health: The Augsburg Model

Oral health promotion programs have been shown to be more effective the earlier they are started. In the city of Augsburg, the activities of the School Dental Service were replaced by a cooperation model in 2001, which provides a reasonable combination of group and individual dental prophylaxis. Three epidemiological evaluations show continuously increasing rates of natural healthy primary teeth in preschool children of all population groups. The Augsburg cooperation model "child and youth dental health" represents a practice-oriented approach in accordance with the new German prevention law.

Combining self-management cues with incentives to promote interdental cleaning among Indian periodontal disease outpatients.

BackgroundPeriodontal disease is a significant public health issue worldwide. Motivational techniques in combination with financial incentives are shown to lead to effective behavior change. The current study sought to examine whether a brief oral health promotion program (self-management cues that were based on self-efficacy and self-regulatory skills) in combination with an incentive (free dental treatment) would make a difference in the adoption of regular dental flossing in a population of Indian periodontal disease outpatients.MethodsOne hundred and twelve participants (n = 55 oral health promotion intervention group; n = 57 control group) were assigned to the intervention (self-management cues + incentive) or control groups, and follow-up assessments were performed three weeks later. Flossing frequency, behavioral intentions, and perceived self-efficacy served as dependent variables. Data were analyzed with mixed models, ANCOVAs, and path analyses.ResultsThe intervention yielded effects on flossing frequency (p < 0.01) and flossing intentions (p < 0.01) at follow-up. Women developed stronger intentions than men. Moreover, by path analysis a sequential mediation chain was found that demonstrated an indirect effect of the intervention on flossing via self-efficacy and intentions: the intervention predicted changes in self-efficacy which, in turn, were associated with changes in intentions, predicting flossing frequency at follow up, while controlling for baseline behavior, gender, and age.ConclusionsCombining incentives with minimal self-management cues has been found effective in improving interdental cleaning intentions and habits in periodontal disease patients, and the facilitating role of dental self-efficacy has been demonstrated.

Caries experience and its relationship with oral health related quality of life among orphanage children in Bengaluru City: A cross-sectional study

Introduction: Dental caries is a common disease of the childhood affecting the quality of life (QoL). Studies have focused on oral health including caries experience in underprivileged children. However, information concerning relationship between caries experience and QoL of orphanage children is scarce. Objective: To assess caries experience and its relationship with oral health-related QoL (OHRQoL) among orphanage children in Bengaluru city. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 200 orphanage children aged 7–18 years from six randomly selected orphanages in Bengaluru city. Demographic data were obtained through self-designed questionnaire while OHRQoL was assessed using prevalidated Child Oral Health Impact Profile-Short Form questionnaire (COHIP-SF). Caries experience was determined using decayed, missing, filled teeth/Decayed, Missing, Filled Teeth (dmft/DMFT) indices. Descriptive statistics and Spearman's correlation were performed using SPSS-16. P< 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Among study participants, caries experience in primary and permanent dentition was 40.5% and 38%, respectively, while mean dmft and DMFT were 1.26 ± 2.00 and 0.96 ± 1.49, respectively. Mean COHIP-SF was 56.83 ± 11.10. COHIP-SF positively correlated with DMFT (rho = 0.21, P = 0.002) and negatively correlated with dmft (rho = −0.26, P = 0.001). Conclusions: Dental caries experience was similar in primary and permanent dentition among orphanage children. Higher COHIP-SF scores indicate positive OHRQoL. Dental caries significantly correlated with their OHRQoL. Innovative oral health promotion program through the help of public–private partnership could enhance their OHRQoL.

Promoting oral hygiene and health through school

A combined education, promotion, and preventive program in the school would greatly reduce the amount of classroom time lost in traveling to a treatment facility. Comprehensive school programs also would obviate the loss of study time due to pain and apprehension before and after treatment. Today, there is a need for research and evaluation on the best approaches to promoting oral health in schools with a focus on school-based clinics. Data from original scientific papers published in PubMed, PubMed Central, and Google Scholar were taken for review. Articles published in English are only included. The review concluded that the primary objective of school oral health promotion programs must focus on the 3 M's – manpower, money, and material, plus the amount of classroom time it will take from conventional classroom education.

Periodontal health status, oral mucosal lesions and adverse oral habits among sea food industry employees of Bhubaneswar, Odisha

Introduction: Industrial employees are often readily available and constitute a well-defined population group although not representing nationwide samples. Aim: To assess the periodontal status, prevalence of oral mucosal lesions, and adverse oral habits among seafood industry employees of Bhubaneswar. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive survey was conducted among 21–60 years old 790 seafood industry employees. The questionnaire was designed to record demographic details, routine oral hygiene habits, adverse oral habits, community periodontal index, and prevalence of oral mucosal lesions. One-way analysis of variance and t -test analysis were used. Results: The majority of the subjects (72.6%) used toothbrush and toothpaste to clean their teeth. Smoking and pan chewing was recorded among 130 (16.5%) and 188 (23.8%) subjects, respectively. The prevalence of periodontal disease was 86.1% among the study population. The prevalence of calculus among the age group 39–48 years was statistically significant across the age groups. Females as compared to males had lower attachment loss levels. About 56 (7%) subjects had leukoplakia and 7 (0.8%) subjects had acute necrotizing gingivitis. Conclusions: The findings of this study provided an insight into the periodontal health status, adverse oral habits, routine oral hygiene practices, and the prevalence of oral mucosal lesions of sea food industry employees, which may be useful in designing and planning oral health promotion programs.

지방공무원의 직무스트레스로 인한 턱관절장애와 구강건조증에 관한 조사

Objectives : The aim of this study was to determine the effects of job stress on temporomandibular disorders, temporomandibular disorder habits, and xerostomia and on oral health status and to provide basic data necessary to develop oral health promotion programs. Methods : For this purpose, a survey was conducted drawing the following conclusions. Cross-analysis, correlation analysis, One-way ANOVA, data were collected using the program SPSS 18.0 statistical techniques, independent sample T-black, the Scheffe post-implementation verification. Results : Job stress positively affected temporomandibular disorders, temporomandibular disorder habits, and xerostomia: those with more job stress were more likely to have temporomandibular disorders, temporomandibular disorder habits, and xerostomia. Conclusions : It is necessary to have a good understanding of the causes of job stress and recognize and manage oral symptoms caused by job stress in the pursuit of oral health.