Optical Properties Of Yb3 Research Articles

Growth, optical and thermal properties of YbxSm1-xCa4O(BO3)3 crystals

YbxSm1-xCOB (x = 0.1, 0.2) crystals were grown by the Bridgman method for the first time. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the application prospect of Yb:SmCOB crystal in quasi-parametric chirped pulse amplification (QPCPA) and frequency-doubling laser. The phase structure, thermal properties and optical properties of Yb:SmCOB were studied, and the density of states of SmCOB crystal was calculated by first-principles. The effective segregation coefficient Keff of Yb0.1Sm0.9COB and Yb0.2Sm0.8COB crystals are 0.89 and 0.88, respectively. The thermal diffusivity and thermal conductivity of Yb:SmCOB decrease with increasing temperature. The specific heat increases with the increase of temperature and eventually tends to be constant. The specific heat of Yb:SmCOB crystal is greater than 0.70 J/(g·K) at room temperature. The transmittance of Yb:SmCOB crystal reaches 87 % in the range of 500 ∼ 900 nm. With the increase of Yb3+ doping concentration, the UV absorption cut-off edge is red shifted. The frequency doubling emission peak of Yb:SmCOB crystal at 490 nm was measured by 980 nm laser. Yb:SmCOB has the characteristics of high transmittance and high specific heat, and has application potential in laser frequency doubling and QPCPA.

Distinguishing the effects of lattice Gd3+ and segregated Gd3+ on optical properties of Yb:GdYAG transparent ceramics

Whether adding Gd3+ in Yb:GdYAG broadens absorption and emission peaks for better laser performance is recently under debate. By preparing (Yb0.05Y0.95-xGdx)3Al5O12 (x = 0.2, 0.6, 1, 5, 10, 20 at%) transparent ceramics with one-step solid-state reactive sintering under vacuum, we report a non-monotonic relation between increasing Gd3+ content and micro-structure/properties. Specifically, the grain size decreases till x = 10 at%, but increases at 20 at% with secondary phases formed at grain boundaries by segregated Gd3+. The optimal optical properties are achieved at 10 at%. The in-line transmittance reaches 83.9 % at 1100 nm. Absorption and emission cross-sections are significantly broadened (8.0 × 10−21 cm2 at 940 nm and 26.7 × 10−21 cm2 at 1030 nm, respectively). The FWHM of main emission peak at 1030 nm receives a ∼60 % extension to 15.2±0.4 nm. It indicates lattice Gd3+ broadens peak widths and improves transparency, while segregated Gd3+ diminishes peak broadening and adversely affects transparency.

Microstructure and Optical Properties of Yb:Sc2O3 Transparent Ceramics Fabricated from Co-precipitated Nano-powders

Microstructure and Optical Properties of Yb:Sc₂O₃ Transparent Ceramics Fabricated from Co-precipitated Nano-powders

Elucidating ultranarrow 2F7/2 to 2F5/2 absorption in ytterbium(iii) complexes.

Achieving ultranarrow absorption linewidths in the condensed phase enables optical state preparation of specific non-thermal states, a prerequisite for quantum-enabled technologies. The 4f orbitals of lanthanide(iii) complexes are often referred to as "atom-like," reflecting their isolated nature, and are promising substrates for the optical preparation of specific quantum states. To better understand the photophysical properties of 4f states and assess their potential for quantum applications, theoretical building blocks are required for rapid screening. In this study, an atomic-level perturbative calculation (i.e., spin-orbit crystal field, SOCF) is applied to various Yb(iii) complexes to investigate their linear absorption and emission through a fitting mechanism of their experimentally determined transition energies and oscillator strengths. In particular, the optical properties of (thiolfan)YbCl(THF) (thiolfan = 1,1'-bis(2,4-di-tert-butyl-6-thiomethylenephenoxy)ferrocene), a recently reported complex with an ultranarrow optical linewidth, are computed and compared to those of other Yb(iii) compounds. Through a transition energy sampling study, major contributors to the optical linewidth are identified. We observe particularly isolated f-f transitions and narrow linewidths, which we attribute to two distinct factors. Firstly, the ultra-high atomic similarity of the orbitals involved in the optical transition, along with the presence of an anisotropic crystal field, collectively contribute to the observed narrow transitions. Secondly, we note highly correlated excited-ground energy fluctuations that serve to greatly suppress inhomogeneous line-broadening. This article illustrates how SOCF can be used as a low-cost method to probe the influence of crystal field environment on the optical properties of Yb(iii) complexes to assist the development of novel lanthanide series quantum materials.

Vacuum sintering of Yb2O3 transparent ceramics: Effect of ZrO2 concentration on structural and optical properties

• Highly transparent ytterbium oxide (Yb 2 O 3 ) ceramics were successfully prepared by vacuum sintering method using ZrO 2 as a sintering aid. • ZrO 2 was found to be an effective sintering additive that can effectively inhibit Yb 2 O 3 grain growth and promote the removal of residual pores. • The effects of ZrO 2 doping concentration on the crystal structure, microstructure, optical transmittance, and band gap of Yb 2 O 3 transparent ceramics were studied for the first time. In this study, highly transparent Yb 2 O 3 ceramics were successfully fabricated via vacuum sintering at 1800 °C for 10 h with ZrO 2 as a sintering additive. The effect of zirconia doping concentration on crystal structure, microstructure, and optical properties of Yb 2 O 3 transparent ceramics was investigated. It was found that the introduction of zirconia could effectively prohibit grain growth while promoting the removal of residual pores. The mean grain size decreased from 39.04 µm to 4.27 µm as the Zr 4+ content increased from 0 to 5 at%. The 3 at% ZrO 2 -doped Yb 2 O 3 transparent ceramics have the best optical quality, with a transmittance of 75% at 1100 nm and about 81% in the mid-infrared region. This study indicates that Yb 2 O 3 transparent ceramics with good optical properties can be obtained by properly adjusting the addition amount of ZrO 2 . On this basis, the absorption spectra, emission spectra, and fluorescence lifetime of Yb 2 O 3 transparent ceramic were investigated. High transmittance and high activation cation density make Yb 2 O 3 transparent ceramics potential candidates for thin-disk laser elements.

Yb3+‐Doped Phenylethylammonium Lead Bromide 2D Layered Hybrid Perovskite for Near‐Infrared Emission

AbstractTwo‐dimensional (2D) layered hybrid perovskites like phenylethylammonium lead bromide [(PEA)2PbBr4] show interesting optoelectronic properties and improved moisture stability owing to the repeating quantum‐well structure and hydrophobic organic cations, respectively. Doping metal ions in such perovskites leads to exciton‐dopant interactions, imparting new optical properties. Here we report synthesis and optical properties of Yb3+‐doped (PEA)2PbBr4. Crystals show plate‐like morphology with lateral size of few micrometers. Also, ∼3.5 nm thin nanoplatelets are obtained after sonicating the samples. The host absorbs light via excitonic (and band‐band) transition at 407 nm. A part of the generated excitons recombines by emitting light at 414 nm along with host‐related non‐radiative recombination. Another significant part of the excitons recombines by non‐radiatively transferring the energy to the f‐electrons of Yb3+ dopant ions. The Yb3+ ions then de‐excite via f‐f (2F5/2→2F7/2) transition emitting near‐infrared (NIR) radiation with a peak at 997 nm. Such NIR‐emitting semiconductors with improved performances are desired for NIR light‐emitting diode applications.

Yb:GdScO3 crystal for efficient ultrashort pulse lasers.

We present, to the best of our knowledge, the first demonstration of thermal, optical, and laser properties of Yb:GdScO3 for potentially efficient ultrashort pulse lasers. The stimulated emission cross section at 1025 nm (E//c) is 0.46×10-20cm2 with the emission band width of 85 nm, even broader than the well-known Yb:CaGdAlO4. It has quite a high thermal conductivity of 5.54W/(m⋅K) at 50°C, comparable with Yb:YAG. In the continuous-wave regime, the maximum output power of 13.45 W at 1063.9 nm was generated with the optical-to-optical efficiency of 63.3%. These results suggest that the Yb:GdScO3 crystal is a promising candidate for ultrashort pulse lasers.

Optical Properties of Yb:Lu3Al5O12 Crystal Irradiated by 4.5-MeV Si Ions

Compact waveguide laser sources emitting at wavelength around 1.0 μm are interesting in a multiple of application. In present work, we demonstrate a crystalline waveguide in Yb:Lu3Al5O12 (Yb:LuAG) crystal irradiated by 4.5-MeV Si ions at fluences of 1.0 × 10–15 cm–2. A typical “barrier-confined” waveguide geometry is confirmed by performing the prism-coupling measurement at a wavelength of 632.8 nm with transverse electric (TE) polarization, and the refractive index profile is proposed based on the dark-mode plots. Under excitation at 930 nm, the peak emission at 1030 nm is generated with a bandwidth of 14.4 nm. The fluorescence decay actions are investigated on a Jobin Yvon spectrometer. The radiative constants and peak emission cross-section values are obtained.

Visible and Near-Infrared emission properties of Yb3+/Pr3+ co-doped lanthanum aluminum silicate glass

Yb3+/Pr3+ co-doped lanthanum aluminum silicate glasses (Yb3+/Pr3+-SAL glass) are prepared by high temperature melting process. The optical properties of Yb3+/Pr3+ co-doped lanthanum aluminum silicate glasses are studied. The result shows that Yb3+/Pr3+ co-doped lanthanum aluminum silicate glasses have intense absorption range from 440 to 500nm. In addition, the intense emission band centered at 620nm and 607nm are observed with the excitation of 488nm in different doping concentration. These results demonstrate that Yb3+/Pr3+ co-doped lanthanum aluminum silicate glasses can be used as a potential material for visible laser and near-infrared broadband fiber amplifiers.

Fabrication, microstructures, and optical properties of Yb:Lu2O3 laser ceramics from co-precipitated nano-powders

The Yb:Lu2O3 precursor made up of spherical particles was synthesized through the co-precipitation method in the water/ethanol solvent. The 5 at% Yb:Lu2O3 powder is in the cubic phase after calcination at 1100 °C for 4 h. The powder also consists of spherical nanoparticles with the average particle and grain sizes of 96 and 49 nm, respectively. The average grain size of the pre-sintered ceramic sample is 526 nm and that of the sample by hot isostatic pressing grows to 612 nm. The 1.0 mm-thick sample has an in-line transmittance of 81.6% (theoretical value of 82.2%) at 1100 nm. The largest absorption cross-section at 976 nm is 0.96×10−20 cm2 with the emission cross-section at 1033 nm of 0.92×10−20 cm2 and the gain cross sections are calculated with the smallest population inversion parameter β of 0.059. The highest slope efficiency of 68.7% with the optical efficiency of 65.1% is obtained at 1033.3 nm in quasi-continuous wave (QCW) pumping. In the case of continuous wave (CW) pumping, the highest slope efficiency is 61.0% with the optical efficiency of 54.1%. The obtained laser performance indicates that Yb:Lu2O3 ceramics have excellent resistance to thermal load stresses, which shows great potential in high-power solid-state laser applications.

Effect of Yb3+ concentration on microstructure and optical properties of Yb: SrF2 transparent ceramics

Ytterbium-doped strontium fluoride (Yb: SrF2) nanopowders with different amounts of Yb3+ were synthesized by a co-precipitation method. XRD and FE-SEM measurements were used to characterize the phase composition and morphologies of these nanopowders. The Yb: SrF2 nanopowders doped with 1–5 at.% Yb3+ showed the same phase as pure SrF2, with a mean particle size of 20 nm. Transparent Yb: SrF2 ceramics were fabricated by hot-pressing the nanopowders, and the transmittance of 1 at.% Yb: SrF2 with a thickness of 2 mm was 85% at 1200 nm. The absorption spectra, luminescence spectra, and luminescence decays of the ceramics were also obtained. As the Yb3+ doping amount increased, the absorption and emission intensities also increased, indicating the absence of a concentration quenching effect in the Yb: SrF2 ceramics. However, the decay lifetimes decreased with increasing Yb3+ content, and 1–5% Yb: SrF2 transparent ceramics had decay lifetimes of 4.58, 3.48, 3.22, and 3.19 ms, respectively.

Dual mode luminescence from lanthanum orthovanadate nanoparticles

The structural and optical properties of Yb3+/Er3+/Eu3+ co-doped LaVO4 nanoparticles have been investigated by XRD, FT-IR, HRSEM, DRS and fluorescence analysis. The crystal structure of all the synthesized samples showed the existence of tetragonal LaVO4. Influence of Eu3+ ions co-doping in Yb3+- Er3+: LaVO4 nanoparticles are systemically studied for both upconversion luminescence and emission studies. The energy transfer mechanism involved in LaVO4 phosphors is presented in detail based on their absorption, upconversion emission and pump power dependence study. The green to red fluorescence intensity ratio and asymmetry ratio are calculated with the variation of Eu3+ ion concentration. The upconversion fluorescence intensity ratio increases with the increase of pump power density which attributes the application of present phosphors as temperature sensors. Color purity of Yb3+/Er3+/Eu3+ co-doped LaVO4 nanophosphors hardly shows any change with variations in pump power. Dual mode luminescence of these nanophosphors finds its applications in anti-counterfeiting inks.

Effect of SiO2 addition on structural and optical properties of Yb:Lu3Al5O12 transparent ceramics based on laser ablated nanopowders

Transparent 3.6 at.% Yb:Lu3Al5O12 (Yb:LuAG) ceramics are obtained by solid-state reaction synthesis at 1800 °C in vacuum for 1–5 h using Yb:Lu2O3 and Al2O3 nanopowders (mean size: ∼30 nm) produced by laser ablation and sedimentation. The nanopowders and ceramics are studied by DSC, dilatometry, SEM, XRD, Raman and optical spectroscopy. The effect of the sintering aid (tetraethoxysilane, TEOS, up to 1 wt%, equivalent to 0–0.28 wt% of SiO2 addition) on the micro-structural and optical properties of the ceramics is revealed. With the addition of TEOS, the transparency of the ceramics is improved while the growth of the grains is limited by the SiO2 solubility. For the ceramics sintered at 1800 °C for 5 h with 1 wt% of TEOS, the transmission at ∼1.1 μm is as high as 82.7% and the content of pores is 7 ppm, corresponding to a mean grain size of 14 μm. The ceramics exhibit intense Yb3+ luminescence at ∼1 μm. The maximum stimulated-emission cross-section is σSE = 2.46 × 10−20 cm2 at 1030.2 nm and the luminescence lifetime of the 2F5/2 state is 1.01 ms, close to the radiative one. The synthesized ceramics are promising for thin-disk laser elements.

Effect of Hf4+ concentration on defect structure and optical properties of Yb:Tm:LiNbO3 crystals

Hf:Yb:Tm:LiNbO3 crystals with different Hf4+ concentration (2, 4 and 6mol%)were successfully prepared by Czochralski method. The concentrations of Hf4+, Yb3+ and Tm3+ ions were analyzed via inductive couple plasma atomic emission spectrometer (ICP-AES). The influence of Hf4+ doping concentration on defect structure and doping occupancy in Hf:Yb:Tm:LiNbO3 crystal was measured by UV-VIS-NIR absorption spectroscopy. The optical damage resistance of Hf:Yb:Tm:LiNbO3 crystal was analyzed by light scattering threshold energy flow method. It is found that the optical damage resistance of Hf:Yb:Tm:LiNbO3 crystal can be effectively improved by increasing the doping concentration of Hf4+ ions. When Hf4+ concentration increased to 6mol%, the optical damage resistance of the crystal is 48 times that of the 2mol% Hf4+ doped crystal.

Highly transparent Yb:Y2O3 ceramics obtained by solid-state reaction and combined sintering procedures

(Y0.87-xLa0.1Zr0.03Ybx)2O3 (x = 0.02, 0.04, 0.05) transparent ceramics were obtained by solid-state reaction and combined sintering procedures with La2O3 and ZrO2 as sintering additives. A method based on two-step intermediate sintering in air followed by vacuum sintering was applied in order to control the densification and grain growth of the samples during the final sintering process. The results indicate that La2O3 and ZrO2 co-additives can improve the microstructure and optical properties of Yb:Y2O3 ceramics at relatively low sintering temperature. On the other hand, the addition of Zr4+ ions leads to the formation of dispersed scattering volumes in the ceramic bodies. Transmittance of 78.8% was measured for the 2.0 at% Yb:Y2O3 ceramic sample at the wavelength of 1100 nm. The spectroscopic properties of Yb:Y2O3 ceramics were investigated at room temperature. The obtained results show that the absorption cross-section at 978 nm is in the range of 2.08 × 10–20 to 2.36 × 10–20 cm2, whereas the emission cross-section at 1032 nm is ~1.0 × 10–20 cm2.

Structural, mechanical, thermal and optical properties of Yb, Pr-doped Y4Zr3O12 ceramics

In the present work, Y4Zr3O12 bulk ceramics doped with Yb3+ and Pr3+ were characterized to assess their structural, mechanical, thermal and optical properties. Specimens were synthesized by the polymerizable complex method and sintered as pellets at 1550 °C for 2 h. Samples were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Vickers-indentation method, thermodilatometry, laser flash method, diffuse reflectance and luminescence spectroscopies. All compositions exhibit cubic like-fluorite structure, low thermal conductivity, moderate fracture toughness and thermal expansion coefficient values comparable to those of other yttria-stabilized zirconias. Regarding the optical properties, diffuse reflectance spectra support the oxidation of praseodymium from Pr3+ to Pr4+ in the Pr-doped specimens. When irradiated under an IR laser (975 nm), only the pellet containing Yb3+ showed white light emission at low and room pressures, but not the undoped, and those pellets doped or codoped with Pr. These results demonstrate that it is possible to produce white light not only in nanostructured systems but also in bulk ceramic oxides, and that the introduction of additional electronic states within the band gap of the host associated with the Pr, inhibits the generation of the white light.

The roles of cation additives on the color center and optical properties of Yb:YAG transparent ceramic

The color center and optical characteristics of Yb:YAG transparent ceramic were investigated for various cation additives (Si4+, Mg2+ and Si4++Mg2+). The presence of a population of free electrons in the vacuum sintered Yb:YAG ceramics without additives, which imparted a green color and promoted the formation of Yb2+-F+ centers. The introduction of Si4+ additives were unable to remove the [Yb2+-F+] composite color centers. Theoretical analysis and experimental proofs revealed that the cation additives containing ions aliovalent to YAG introduces vacancies, which in turn induce the formation of Re2+-F+ (Re2+: Yb2+, Mg2+ or Ca2+) composite color centers. It was also demonstrated that the addition of a combination MgO+SiO2 sintering aid serves to inhibit abnormal grain growth and enhance densification, accompanied with the elimination of color centers. Furthermore, the underlying mechanisms by which these aliovalent cation additives influence color center formation and optical properties are discussed in detail. The lowest optical attenuation loss was measured at 1064nm in Yb:YAG ceramic with the MgO+SiO2 additives, to be 0.0031cm−1, a value close to that observed for single crystals.

浮遊帯溶融法によるYb:GdVO_4単結晶の育成とその光学特性(機能性結晶II)

浮遊帯溶融法によるYb:GdVO_4単結晶の育成とその光学特性(機能性結晶II)

Optical properties of Yb3+-doped NBSAZB glasses for IR lasers

Different concentrations of Yb3+ -doped Na2O-B2O3-SiO2-Al2O3-ZnO-BaO (NBSAZB) glasses were prepared by melt quenching technique. Glassy nature of the studied glasses was identified using X-ray diffraction measurements. The effect of concentration of Yb3+ ions on absorption and emission spectra were discussed. Stark splitting of the 2F7/2 ground and 2F5/2 upper energy levels was also discussed. Both Fuchtbauer-Ladenburg (F-L) method and Mc Cumber (MC) theory were applied to evaluate the emission cross-sections. For NBSAZBYb10 glass, the emission cross-sections are 4.86×1020cm2 (F-L method) and 3.88×10–20cm2 (MC theory). The NBSAZBYb10 glass has potentiality as ~975nm solid-state IR laser.

Synthesis and Optical Properties of Yb3+/Er3+, Yb3+/Tm3+, Eu3+ Doped NaLuF4, Na5Lu9F32, KLu3F10, and KLu2F7

Synthesis and Optical Properties of Yb³⁺/Er³⁺, Yb³⁺/Tm³⁺, Eu³⁺ Doped NaLuF₄, Na₅Lu₉F₃₂, KLu₃F₁₀, and KLu₂F₇