Opportunities For Services Research Articles

A Focus on Contraception in the Wake of Dobbs.

A Focus on Contraception in the Wake of Dobbs.

Hackathons: Practical Problem-Solving for Nurse Educators

ABSTRACT: In looking for solutions to an organizational problem, the nursing education and professional development department at a large midwestern health care system used a novel approach—the hackathon. To align with Healthy People 2030 priorities and the health care system's strategic plan, the hackathon topics focused on community service opportunities relating to social determinants of health (SDOH). The goal of the hackathon was to find the most innovative strategy for SDOH education in a limited time frame. The teams of nurses that took part in the hackathon brainstormed, drafted, and rapidly refined a solution, then pitched their ideas to an expert panel. Each pitch was scored on feasibility, SDOH connection, creativity, sustainability, and potential nurse engagement. Three unique programming options emerged by the end of the event. The winning pitch was a peer-to-peer social media strategy engaging adolescents in health and wellness topics.

Big data and data analytics in 5G mobile networks

In this paper, we study the features of big data and data analytics. We see how Big Data contributes to mobile networks. We give a term in which big data generally refers to a large amount of digital data. Also, we estimate that the amount processed by "Big Data" systems will double every two years. Hence, Big Data on mobile networks need to be analyzed in-depth according to retrieve exciting and useful information. Big Data provides unprecedented opportunities for internet service providers to understand the behavior and requirements of their users, which in turn enables real-time decision making across a wide range of applications. After that, we mention the dimensions often describe the 4Vs of Big Data. We continue with the study about the use of big data analytics in mobile networks. As we see, new technologies for managing big data in a highly scalable, cost-effective, and damage-resistant manner are required. So, beyond 2020 the system capacity and data rates in mobile networks must support thousands of times more traffic than 2010 levels. Furthermore, we mention the end-to-end latency, the massive number of connections, the cost, the Quality of Experience, the Issues, and finally, the big data management. We continue with the study about the big data analytics in 5G. The 5G networks standardizing and the 5G mobile optimization are crucial areas. There are new research areas were exploring new analytics techniques in big data according to discover new patterns and extract knowledge from the data are collected. Big data analytics can provide organizations with the ability to profile and segment customers based on distinct socioeconomic characteristics and increase customer satisfaction and retention levels. Also, Big Data analytics techniques can provide telecom providers with in-depth knowledge of networks before making informed decisions. Also, as we see, these analytics techniques can help Telecommunication providers to monitor and analyze various types of data as well as event messages on networks. Important information, like business intelligence, can be extracted from momentary and stored data. Hence, the mass adoption of smartphones, mobile broadband modems, tablets, and mobile data applications has been overwhelmingly wireless. Operators bend under the pressure and cost of continuously adding capacity and improving coverage while maximizing the use of the existing components of their range. Advanced radio access technologies, and all Internet Protocols, open internet network architectures must evolve smoothly from 4G systems. So those needs are leading us to make a study about the heterogeneous network or else HetNet for 5G networks. We are continuing with the challenges, and we mention about the curse of modularity, dimensions procedure, feature engineering, non-linearity, Bonferonni's principle, category report, variance and bias, data locality, data heterogeneity, noisy data, data availability, real-time processing, and streaming, data provenance, and data security.

Design for Additive Manufacturing: Recent Innovations and Future Directions

Design for additive manufacturing (DfAM) provides a necessary framework for using novel additive manufacturing (AM) technologies for engineering innovations. Recent AM advances include shaping nickel-based superalloys for lightweight aerospace applications, reducing environmental impacts with large-scale concrete printing, and personalizing food and medical devices for improved health. Although many new capabilities are enabled by AM, design advances are necessary to ensure the technology reaches its full potential. Here, DfAM research is reviewed in the context of Fabrication, Generation, and Assessment phases that bridge the gap between AM capabilities and design innovations. Materials, processes, and constraints are considered during fabrication steps to understand AM capabilities for building systems with specified properties and functions. Design generation steps include conceptualization, configuration, and optimization to drive the creation of high-performance AM designs. Assessment steps are necessary for validating, testing, and modeling systems for future iterations and improvements. These phases provide context for discussing innovations in aerospace, automotives, construction, food, medicine, and robotics while highlighting future opportunities for design services, bio-inspired design, fabrication robots, and machine learning. Overall, DfAM has positively impacted diverse engineering applications, and further research has great potential for driving new developments in design innovation.

The effect of agricultural land retirement on pesticide use

Agricultural land retirement generates risks and opportunities for ecological communities and ecosystem services. Of particular interest is the influence of retired cropland on agricultural pests and pesticides, as these uncultivated lands may directly shift the distribution of pesticide use and may serve as a source of pests and/or natural enemies for remaining active croplands. Few studies have investigated how agricultural pesticide use is impacted by land retirement. Here we couple field-level crop and pesticide data from over 200,000 field-year observations and 15 years of production in Kern County, CA, USA to investigate: 1) how much pesticide use and applied toxicity are avoided annually due to the direct effects of retirement, 2) whether surrounding retirement drives pesticide use on active cropland and what types of pesticides are most influenced, and 3) whether the effect of surrounding retirement on pesticide use is dependent on the age or revegetation cover on retired parcels. Our results suggest about 100 kha are idle in any given year, which equates to about 1.3-3 M kg of pesticide active ingredients foregone. We also find retired lands lead to a small increase in total pesticide use on nearby active lands even after controlling for a combination of crop-, farmer-, region- and year-specific heterogeneity. More specifically, the results suggest a 10 % increase in retired lands nearby results in about a 0.6 % increase in pesticides, with the effect sizes increasing as a function of the duration of continuous fallowing, but decreasing or even reversing sign at high levels of revegetation cover. Our results suggest increasingly prevalent agricultural land retirement can shift the distribution of pesticides based on what crops are retired and what active crops remain nearby.

International Quality Gatekeeping as Service to the Field, and the Need for Epistemic Humility in Its Implementation

In Short Academics in Western universities, especially those in the United States, are frequently called on to serve as quality gatekeepers in other higher education systems. International opportunities for service to the profession can take many forms, ranging from program reviews to expert consultations, and they constitute a great opportunity to learn about a different higher education system and gain perspective about deeply held assumptions. These opportunities are fraught when not approached with intellectual humility and can result in negative outcomes, amplified by power asymmetry and the disproportional weight of the perspective of Western academics. Cultural sensitivity can be learned and, regardless of our area of specialization, we all can become better-quality gatekeepers and have a more positive impact in the world.

Competencies of the UK nursing and midwifery workforce to mainstream genomics in the National Health Service: the ongoing gap between perceived importance and confidence in genomics.

The United Kingdom is recognised worldwide as a leader in genomics. The use of genomic technologies in the National Health Service (NHS) is expected to deliver faster and more accurate diagnoses, supporting personalized treatments to improve patient outcomes. The ambition of embedding genomic medicine in the diagnostic pathway requires involvement of the front-line clinical workforce, known as 'mainstreaming'. Nurses and midwives are the largest professionally qualified workforce in the National Health Service thus, it is anticipated that they will play key roles in mainstreaming. This study investigated the level of competence/confidence of practicing nurses and midwives to support mainstreaming and their perception of the importance of genomics in delivery of patient care. A literature review of genetics/genomics competency frameworks, semi structured interviews of lead nurses and stakeholders were conducted to identify relevant competencies needed for mainstreaming. These were then used to survey four cohorts of nurses (n = 153) across England in four consecutive years (2019-22). The confidence level of these professionals in all aspects of genomics was 2.07 ± 0.47 measured on a 5-point Likert scale (1"Low confidence"; 5 "High confidence"). Intriguingly, these professionals all appreciated the importance of genomics for their patient care (4.01 ± 0.06). Whilst the importance scores increased, the confidence scores declined at the time when major genomic transformation took place in the NHS (e.g.: launch of the Genomic Medicine Service, the National Genomic Test Directory). To bridge this gap, relevant genomic education can play key roles. However, nurses and midwives were found to be grossly underrepresented in formal genomic education courses offered by Health Education England Genomics Education Programme since 2014. This may result from the lack of direct applicability of the currently offered courses for their practice and role. Thematic analysis revealed that nurses and midwives wish to support their patients by providing more information on their condition, inheritance, and treatment options in combination with the use of relevant genetic counselling skills. This study identified easy to follow competencies for embedding genomics into routine clinical care. We propose a training programme that addresses the gap that nurses and midwives currently have, to enable them to harness genomic opportunities for patients and services.

Predictors of starting and stopping chemsex in men who have sex with men in England: findings from the AURAH2 prospective study

BackgroundChemsex (the use of psychoactive drugs in sexual contexts) has been associated with HIV acquisition and other STIs, so there is benefit in identifying those most likely to start chemsex...

#3159 IMPACT OF MENTAL ILLNESS ON POST-TRANSPLANTATION OUTCOMES IN NEW ZEALAND: THE ASSET-MH DATA LINKAGE STUDY

Abstract Background and Aims People with severe mental illness are 6 times more likely to develop kidney disease. Mental illness is overrepresented in the kidney failure population. Up to 40% of dialysis patients are affected by depression and anxiety. There is limited understanding of the extent and impact of mental illness on transplant outcomes. We aimed to evaluate the impact mental illness has upon post-transplant outcomes, including graft failure and death in kidney transplant recipients in New Zealand. Method We included all incident kidney transplant recipients in New Zealand, 2006-2019 from the ASSET linked data platform, including Australian and New Zealand Dialysis and Transplant Registry, and national health registries (eg. hospitalisations, prescriptions and mental health services). Presence of mental illness was ascertained based on past use of medications (antipsychotics and antidepressants) and mental health services (community/residential support and inpatient) occurring at least twice over a year. Follow-up was from transplantation until death, graft failure or 31st Dec 2019. We used Cox models to evaluate risk of graft failure or death for mental health users compared to non-mental health users, adjusting for age, sex, calendar year and prior dialysis time. Results We included 1,796 kidney transplant recipients, where 457 (25%) had mental illness comorbidity. Overall, 228 (13%) used medication for mental illness (25 antipsychotics; 203 antidepressants) and 340 (19%) used mental health services (327 community/residential support; 14 inpatient). There were 111 recipients (6%) who had used medications and services for mental illness. There were 42 (9%) graft failures and 34 (7%) deaths among those with mental illness compared to 137 (10%) graft failures and 125 (9%) deaths among those without mental illness. Those with mental illness had the same risk of graft failure compared to others (p = 0.17), regardless of whether they used antidepressants (HR: 1.52, 95%CI: 0.93-2.48, p = 0.09) or received community/residential support (HR: 1.19, 95%CI: 0.78-1.81, p = 0.42). There were no graft failures among those using antipsychotics or receiving inpatient care. Risk of death increased 3-fold (HR: 3.24, 95%CI: 1.51-6.99, p < 0.01) in those using antipsychotics compared to those without mental illness, but was not increased among those using antidepressants (HR: 0.90, 95%CI: 0.47-1.72, p = 0.74). There was weak evidence for an increased risk of death among those receiving community/residential support (HR: 1.57, 95%CI: 0.99-2.49, p = 0.06) compared to those without mental illness. Risk of death was not significantly associated with those receiving inpatient care (HR: 3.00, 95%CI:0.72-12.42, p = 0.13), although event rates were low. For composite of graft failure or death, those with mental illness had the same risk as those without (p > 0.10), regardless of receiving antipsychotics (HR: 1.77, 95%CI: 0.83-3.75) or antidepressants (HR: 1.23, 95%CI: 0.84-1.82), or community/residential support (HR: 1.37, 95%CI: 1.00-1.87) or inpatient care (HR: 1.41, 95%CI: 0.35-5.71). Conclusion Mental illness comorbidity is common in this setting, with one in ten transplant recipients in New Zealand receiving psychiatric treatment. Antipsychotic use was associated with three times the risk of death. Otherwise, those with mental illness had comparable post-transplant outcomes. There is opportunity for more collaborative psychiatric and transplant services to promote better patient outcomes and reduce post-transplant mortality.

Design Implications for One-Way Text Messaging Services that Support Psychological Wellbeing

One-way text messaging services have the potential to support psychological wellbeing at scale without conversational partners. However, there is limited understanding of what challenges are faced in mapping interactions typically done face-to-face or via online interactive resources into a text messaging medium. To explore this design space, we developed seven text messages inspired by cognitive behavioral therapy. We then conducted an open-ended survey with 788 undergraduate students and follow-up interviews with students and clinical psychologists to understand how people perceived these messages and the factors they anticipated would drive their engagement. We leveraged those insights to revise our messages, after which we deployed our messages via a technology probe to 11 students for two weeks. Through our mixed-methods approach, we highlight challenges and opportunities for future text messaging services, such as the importance of concrete suggestions and flexible pre-scheduled message timing.

Isu-isu Strategik dan Implementasinya dalam Lembaga Pendidikan Islam

The focus of this article is to describe strategic issues and their implementation in Islamic educational institutions. The role of Islamic educational institutions in improving education is very strategic because the aim of education is basically to humanize humans, or to elevate human dignity or "human dignity". Education in Islam emphasizes the formation of human character who has noble character. With this noble moral character education, the goal of education which in Ki Hajar Dewantara's thought is "to liberate the life and life of the child, physically and mentally" can be implemented in the current independent learning curriculum paradigm. The focus of the strategic issues in this discussion are: (1) Islamic Education Orientation; (2) Learning Method Approach; (3) Professionalism and Quality of Human Resources; and (4) Education Costs. Implementation is a series of actions carried out by various actors implementing the policy with supporting means based on predetermined rules to achieve the stated goals. Turning strategic issues into action and results is a strategic step for the leadership of Islamic education institutions in transforming their institutions or organizations so that they have competitive capabilities, creating opportunities for educational services now and in the future.

'I just wanted a change, a positive change': Locating hope for young people engaged with residential alcohol and drug services in Victoria, Australia.

In this article, we investigate young people's involvement with residential alcohol and other drug (AOD) services as part of their broader engagement with hope. This study draws on qualitative interviews conducted with 20 young people aged 17-23 from Victoria, Australia, who were either in, or had recently left, residential AOD services. Interviews explored their experiences with AOD services and included questions about their hopes for the future. We found hope located in social relationships, productive discourses and AOD settings themselves. Hope also presented differently according to the external resources young people had available to them, giving some young people greater capacity to action their hoped-for futures than others. Given many young people seek reimagined futures as part of their use of residential AOD services, this creates a valuable opportunity for services to help shape achievable hopes and boost service engagement. We suggest that hope can materialise in a variety of ways but caution against relying on it as a motivational strategy without providing young people with other resources. A more sustainable narrative of hope may require a solid foundation of resources, allowing young people with AOD problems to gain a sense of control over their lives and their imagined futures.

Metamoney: Payments in the metaverse

This paper builds a structured model of the metaverse, the building blocks that are needed to make it useful for business — in other words, transactions — and the new services (and therefore new service opportunities) that it presents. The model brings together the virtual worlds where transactions can take place, the digital assets that will be exchanged in those transactions, and the digital identities of the owners of those assets. This underpins a comprehensive and practical model of the metaverse that helps to identify the key technologies that are required to turn it into a place for business as well as the service opportunities for organisations who are exploring metaverse business models. We use this model to explore the nature of payments in that environment and conclude by identifying digital wallets as the central organising principle in these new environments and set out our view that smart wallets operated by agents will be the crucial enabler.

Valuation of pollination services from habitat management: a case study of utility scale solar energy facilities in the United States

Creating and maintaining pollinator habitats following the ecological infrastructure concept in degraded or unutilized land, such as solar energy facilities, is a practical way to synergistically advance the food, energy, and ecology nexus. Given the large land-use requirements for solar farming—the fastest growing renewable energy technology–considerable attention has been focused on strategies to maximize multiple ecosystem services. In this study, we coupled the principles of agronomy and ecology with economics and integrated national-scale data on crops, pollinators, and solar facilities to identify locations for creating pollinator habitats and estimating the economic value of pollination from the habitats. We examined opportunities for pollination services from pollinator-friendly utility-scale solar facilities adjacent to 42 million hectares of pollination-dependent crops in the conterminous United States at high resolution of 1 ha. We used the net income method to estimate the potential economic value of creating habitat in the land adjacent to solar facilities in the eight states with the greatest number of solar installations. Creating pollinator habitats at the 217 utility-scale solar facilities in these states could support adjacent 80,000 hectares of high pollinator dependent crops, which could potentially generate a pollination value of $120 to $264 million USD. The location-specific information and high-resolution maps generated for the United States demonstrate integration of grey and green infrastructure to support the food, energy, and environment nexus.

A Brief Report on Telerehabilitation During COVID-19 Outbreak at a Tertiary Care Center in Kerala, India

The unanticipated lockdown following the COVID-19 outbreak significantly impacted the field of rehabilitation, compelling the professionals to switch to tele-mode to continue providing their service without interruption. This article aims to highlight the steps taken to overcome the various challenges that were encountered in this period and to strengthen the opportunities in telerehabilitation services at a tertiary care center in Kerala, India. An average of 1000 clients were served monthly through telerehabilitation in various units at the selected institute during the COVID-19 pandemic. The telerehabilitation services included assessments, intervention, and counseling for clients of all ages with various types of disabilities. A high literacy rate and better access to technology among the general population in Kerala, India were identified as advantages for the rapid implementation of telerehabilitation as a viable form of service delivery.

EHealth weight loss interventions for adults with low income: A systematic review.

There is a tremendous opportunity for electronic health services (eHealth) to reach adults with low income who want to participate in weight loss interventions, but face barriers in access. This review (a) synthesizes and presents results from all studies evaluating the effectiveness of eHealth weight loss interventions for adults with low income and (b) describes the strategies used to tailor them to these groups. Electronic databases were searched for studies examining the effectiveness of eHealth weight loss interventions designed for adults with low income and screened for eligibility by two independent reviewers. All experimental study designs were included. Data were extracted, results were qualitatively synthesized, and studies were assessed for quality. Nine studies met the inclusion criteria (N = 1,606 total participants). Four studies reported significant reductions in weight of small to moderate magnitude among participants in eHealth interventions (M weight loss = -2.2 kg; SD = 1.6). Many studies did not describe how they tailored the intervention for adults with low income; however, studies that achieved significant results tended to use more tailoring strategies. Most studies reported high retention rates. Three studies were rated as strong quality, four as moderate, and two as weak. Evidence is limited that eHealth weight loss interventions for this population are effective in achieving clinically and statistically significant weight reductions. While interventions that used more tailoring strategies tended to be more effective, studies that use the rigorous methodology and describe interventions in more depth could better elucidate whether eHealth interventions are an effective approach in this population. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

HSD45 Potential Patient Hub Services Opportunities in the Ex-US Drug Market: Borrowing from US Experience

US pharmaceutical HUB-services have emerged as key to assisting practitioners and patients overcome a multitude of obstacles; thus, achieving better patient compliance and experience. HUBs prove especially vital for patients on specialty therapies. However, in many Ex-US countries, market nuances do not lend themselves to the concept of HUBs, and companies are uncertain about their benefit. The aim of this study is to determine what aspects of US patient service HUBs can be adapted to increase patient access, education, and compliance in other geographies.

What constitutes adequate legal protection for the collection, use and sharing of mobility and location data in health care in South Africa?

Mobile phone technology has been a catalyst that has added an innovative dimension in health care and created new opportunities for digital health services. These digital devices can be viewed as an extension of the person using them due to the deluge of personal information that can be collected and stored on them. Data collected on mobile phones are used extensively in health services and research. Personal, mobility and location data are constantly collected. The unique mobile phone architecture provides for an easy flow of data between various role players such as application developers and phone manufacturers. The collection, storage and sharing of personal information on mobile phones elicit various legal questions relating to the protection of privacy, consent, liability and the accountability of stakeholders such as health insurance providers, hospital groups and national departments of health. Significance: We analyse the major legal concerns of mobility and location data collection and processing through mobile phones in the context of health care and provide recommendations to develop data protection guidelines that are built on the principles of lawfulness, fairness and transparency. The issues explored are of relevance in an African context and to a broader international audience.

Socio-demographic differences in access to psychological treatment services: evidence from a national cohort study.

Since 2008, the Improving Access to Psychological Therapies (IAPT) programme has offered adults in England evidence-based psychological treatments for common mental disorders (CMDs) such as depression and anxiety disorders. However, inequalities in access have not been explored at the national level. Using a unique individual patient dataset that linked 2011 Census information of English residents to national IAPT data collected between April 2017 and March 2018, we estimated the rate of access by a wide range of socio-demographic characteristics that are not routinely available. A large household survey was used to estimate the prevalence of probable CMDs by these socio-demographic characteristics. We estimated the probability of access to IAPT amongst people with CMDs by comparing the rates of access from IAPT data and the estimates of prevalence of CMDs from the household survey. Both unadjusted and adjusted (for important patient characteristics) access rates were estimated in logistic regression models. As a proportion of those with a probable CMD, access to IAPT varied markedly by socio-demographic characteristics. Older adults, males, people born outside of the UK, people with religious beliefs, people from Asian ethnic backgrounds, people reporting a disability and those without any academic or professional qualifications were underrepresented in IAPT services nationally, in adjusted models. The identification of patients who may be underrepresented in IAPT provides an opportunity for services to target outreach and engagement with these groups. Further understanding of barriers to access should help increase equity in access.

Finding innovation opportunities in SMEs through futures and foresight learning: an action learning approach

ABSTRACT Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) have been particularly challenged by the Covid pandemic, the climate crisis, war and political tensions including the fuel price crisis. Strategic responses to crisis including cost-cutting as retrenchment in the short run, debt financing to preserve the status quo and exit. However, perhaps the most positive is to innovate for renewal. The paper considers how working with an approach to futures and foresight learning, three different SMEs during the Covid pandemic and beyond formed action learning groups and were able to find future opportunities from which innovation ideas for action in the present could be undertaken. The paper considers the meaning of innovation including what Revans saw as an ‘Innovation Paradox’ as a gap between invention and innovation. In SMEs, the importance of informal innovation and an innovation orientation are identified. The meaning futures and foresight learning is considered and the focus on the identification of new opportunities for products and services, delivered by a process of action learning. Findings from three SMEs are presented from meetings that took place during 2021 to 2022, when Covid restrictions were partly in place. They show how each programme begins with opportunity questions for the future which then lead to ideas after a consideration of trends and patterns. Further methods of futures thinking are presented which allow further ideas to be developed for innovation. In each case, ideas are selected for business planning after approval. Discussion of the findings considers the importance of futures and foresight learning combined with action learning for SMEs to become more strategic, future-oriented and creative in seeking opportunities for innovation.