This study focused on Adoption of Innovative Technologies for Information Service Delivery by Library Staff in Military Tertiary Institution Libraries in Kaduna State, Nigeria. It is set to achieve 2 objectives among which are to find out types of innovative technologies military tertiary institution will adopt ,to find out the types of information service that can be rendered with innovative technologies ,Quantitative research methodology and a cross-sectional Survey research design were adopted. The study covers the staff of 3 Military Higher Institutions Libraries with a total of 102 professionals and paraprofessional staff. Using Census sampling technique data was collected through questionnaires. One hundred 102 copies of the questionnaire were distributed to the respondents. The study found out that; Blockchain Technology, AI, VR, AR, and IoT are the potential tools for improving information service delivery, in Military Tertiary Institution Libraries in Kaduna State, Nigeria, it also found out that Cloud-Based Library Services and Database Management are potential services for efficient information service delivery, The study concluded the adoption of innovative technologies for information service delivery by library staff in military tertiary institution libraries is crucial for modernizing library operations and aligning with the rapidly evolving digital landscape. The study recommended that the Librarians of Military Tertiary Institution Libraries in Kaduna State, Nigeria in collaboration with the commandant should prioritize the adoption of blockchain technology. Also study recommended that this technology will provide a secure and transparent method for managing library operations, protecting sensitive user information, and ensuring the integrity of data related to resource management and also recommended that the Librarians of Military Tertiary Institution Libraries in Kaduna State, Nigeria with the help of the commandant should address the significant challenges associated with the adoption of innovative technologies for effective information service delivery

The relevance of the research lay in the need to improve the performance of WebVR applications in browser environments with limited network bandwidth, which is important for users with slow or unstable Internet connections. The aim of the work was to develop and evaluate effective methods that reduce scene loading times, optimise the amount of data transferred, and maintain a stable frame rate without compromising the quality of interaction. The study used experimental modelling of a virtual reality environment with limited network parameters. The work used open libraries for three-dimensional graphics with the ability to progressively load 3D resources. Several optimisation methods were implemented and compared, including multi-level model detailing, deferred loading, server-side geometry simplification, data compression, and texture decompression. The effectiveness was evaluated based on loading time, traffic volume, smoothness of playback, and system response. The results of the study showed that combining multi-level detailing with texture compression can reduce the amount of data transferred by up to 70% without noticeable loss of image quality. It was found that the use of progressive loading significantly reduces the initial scene rendering time, while client-side caching reduces repeat traffic by 90%. The most effective strategy was found to be the initial loading of simplified models with the subsequent asynchronous addition of detailed objects, which supports stable operation even at low Internet speeds. The practical value lies in the application of the developed methods in the creation of WebVR applications for education, medicine, commerce, and entertainment, especially in conditions of limited internet connection. This contributes to expanding the audience and reducing infrastructure costs.

Purpose This study aims to investigate the integration of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies in university libraries to enhance information management. It explores current practices, perceived benefits, challenges and the transformative potential of IoT in improving library operations, resource tracking and user experiences. Design/methodology/approach A qualitative case study approach was used, using semi-structured interviews with ten participants from five universities in Bangladesh. Data were analyzed thematically using NVivo software to identify patterns related to IoT integration, benefits and challenges in library contexts. Findings The findings reveal that IoT integration significantly enhances operational efficiency by automating routine tasks such as resource tracking, environmental monitoring and user management. Participants reported improvements in service quality, user engagement and access to real-time data. However, limitations in infrastructure, privacy concerns and the need for specialized staff training were identified as key challenges. Despite these barriers, IoT technologies demonstrate strong potential to transform academic library ecosystems toward more responsive and data-driven environments. Practical implications The study offers guidance for library administrators and policymakers by emphasizing strategic planning, capacity building and data governance in implementing IoT systems effectively. Originality/value This research contributes empirical insights into IoT applications in university libraries, particularly within a developing country context, addressing a notable gap in library and information science literature.

This study examined AI skills and competencies among librarians in 5IR libraries, with a specific focus on their knowledge of AI technologies, existing skills, required competencies, and the challenges hindering the acquisition and application of these capacities. A systematic literature review guided by the PRISMA framework was conducted. Peer-reviewed articles published between 2019 and 2025 were retrieved from Scopus, Web of Science, LISA, and Google Scholar. Out of 457 initially identified records, 48 studies met the inclusion criteria and were synthesized for analysis. Findings reveal that librarians generally possess conceptual awareness of AI and recognize its potential for services such as cataloguing, discovery, and user engagement. However, practical mastery of AI tools, programming, and data analytics remains limited. Librarians exhibit strong competencies in information literacy, metadata management, and ethical awareness, but face challenges including outdated LIS curricula, inadequate professional development, insufficient infrastructure, ethical uncertainties, and staff anxiety about job displacement. These factors hinder the transition from awareness to practical application of AI in library operations. The study concludes that while librarians are increasingly aware of AI’s potential, significant gaps exist in technical, ethical, and strategic competencies required for 5IR libraries.

Conventional library management processes are often slow and highly susceptible to human error. Data collection is generally done manually, a practice that leads to unorganized, messy archives and time-consuming data searches (Fatimah & Elmasari, 2018). These manual processes are inefficient, prone to inaccuracies, and can even lead to the loss of books when borrower data is not properly tracked. Some libraries utilize disparate digital tools like G-forms and Microsoft Excel, which introduces significant risks related to data security and potential data loss (Siregar & Harahap, 2024). This paper proposes the design and development of a centralized, web- based Library Management Information System to address these inefficiencies. The primary objective is to produce a functional Minimum Viable Product (MVP) to digitize and simplify core library operations. The system is developed using an Agile framework and a User-Centered Design (UCD) approach. The system will provide core functionalities including book management, member management, and transaction processing, with the goal of helping staff manage data easily and quickly (Siregar & Harahap, 2024). The success of this project will be evaluated through rigorous functional and usability testing, aiming for a 90% task completion rate by librarians and positive qualitative feedback confirming the system's feasibility and efficiency.

This study investigated the socio-economic and environmental impacts of preservation and conservation practices in selected academic libraries in Kwara State, Nigeria. The study adopts cross-sectional research design. The social impacts of preservation and conservation practices include the enhancement of societal progress and understanding, enhanced learning by providing diverse perspectives in relation to communal issues, improved cultural heritage awareness, and the preservation of rare artefacts. The economic impacts of these practices include reducing financial burdens, reducing the need for frequent replacements of library materials, and optimising budget allocation by extending material lifespan. The environmental impacts include the support for waste minimisation and the reduction in the environmental impacts of library operations. The study showed that the challenges associated with the adoption of eco-friendly conservation practices include a poor maintenance culture and the absence of preservation policies. The article recommends that academic libraries in Nigeria should invest in modern energy-efficient equipment for long time preservation of their assets.

Introduction The activities of libraries rely heavily on paper production from acquisition to facilities upkeep which has hazardous effect on the environment. Methods This study used Literature review to discover ways libraries can adopt nature-friendly practices in library operations. Discussion This study explored environmental effect of libraries, provided ways libraries can adopt green practices from library facilities to library practices, also discussed green library initiatives in Nigeria. The benefits of green libraries practices are enormous as it reduces environmental impact, saves cost, enhance users’ experience, and enhances library reputation etc. Conclusion Despite the enormous benefit of library “going green”, there are challenges that hamper implementation of green library practices such as budget constraints, resistance to change and absence of green library policy. Thus, the study recommended developing a green library policy and securing funding.

Based on an SCLA conference presentation, this article reflects on one small academic library’s journey through university-wide rightsizing and the impact it had on library services. The loss of positions necessitated across-the-board changes in the division of responsibilities and library operations. In the current climate of higher education in the United States, library staff at other institutions should prepare now for possible staffing challenges in the future. Practical takeaways learned through navigating institutional change are discussed, along with an action plan for library administrators and leaders.

The adoption of generative artificial intelligence (AI) in academic libraries is essential for maintaining their relevance in an increasingly dynamic information environment. Embracing this technology enables libraries to meet the evolving needs of their clientele and align with global developments in information and communication technologies. This paper explores the concept of AI technology, categorizing it according to levels of intelligence, complexity, and functional tasks. It further examines the necessity and applicability of generative AI in key library operations, including information retrieval, reference services, and other core information functions. The study highlights the benefits and implications of generative AI adoption, such as the optimization of resource management, enhancement of user experience, provision of real-time and round-the-clock responses to user inquiries, and improvement of service accessibility and efficiency. Despite these advantages, the paper identifies several challenges hindering effective adoption in Nigerian academic libraries, including concerns over intellectual property rights, technophobia among some librarians, and issues of data quality and reliability. The study concludes that successful integration of generative AI in Nigerian academic libraries depends largely on the level of awareness, digital literacy, and technical competencies possessed by both librarians and users. It recommends that librarians acquire the necessary skills not only to manage AI-based tools but also to design context-specific systems capable of addressing challenges related to intellectual property, data integrity, and adherence to bibliographic standards such as the Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules, Second Edition (AACR2).

Objective. This study aims to assess the alignment of Ukraine’s regulatory framework with the current requirements for the development of librarianship, to identify the key challenges hindering the integration of Ukrainian libraries into the global information environment, and to propose possible solutions. Methods. The research is based on a set of general and specialized methods of scientific inquiry, including analysis, synthesis, processing of a wide range of information sources, generalization, and the application of the principles of scientific objectivity and systematicity, which together contributed to the achievement of the research objectives. Results. The study identifies a number of issues within Ukraine’s library sector that require improvements in the regulatory and legal framework. These include: restructuring of the library network, enhancement of governance in the library sphere, modernization of the regulatory basis for collection development, and adoption of state targeted programmes for sectorial development. Conclusions. Library legislation establishes the requirements and principles of library operation, providing access to information, support for education and science, preservation of historical and cultural heritage and cultural development of society, aimed at harmonising legal norms with international law. The development of librarianship will be ensured through state support, funding, material and technical resources, staffing, coordination of activities, etc.

Practice-based community service through P3NKK internship at Telkom University Open Library

The processing of library materials is a key activity that influences the quality of returned information; however, many school libraries face challenges such as limited professional staff and weak processing procedures. This study explores the role of Library Science students from UINSU in improving the processing of library materials at the Nur Adia School Library. The research used a qualitative method with a case study approach. The results show that students not only helped complete various technical tasks related to material processing but also provided significant conceptual contributions. Their interactions accelerated processing activities, especially classification, and supported the adoption of simple LMS-based automation. The processed materials included historical books classification, preparation of work tools for efficiency, and arrangement of library collections to optimize service qualityThe study concludes that student involvement positively impacts the sustainability of school library operations. It also emphasizes that students need to master library processing competencies before field practice. This strengthens the relationship between Library Science study programs and school libraries in improving the quality of library material processing.

Libraries remain essential in academic institutions, providing students and educators with access to supplementary resources that enhance learning and research. At Northern Iloilo Polytechnic State College (NIPSC), library operations are predominantly manual, leading to inefficiencies in cataloging, borrowing, returning, and reporting across the main and six external campuses. This developmental study aimed to design, develop, and evaluate an ICT-based Library Automation System to improve service efficiency, accuracy, and accessibility. Following the Input–Process–Output (IPO) framework, the system was developed using Python with Tkinter for the desktop interface, React Native for frontend interactions, and Firebase for secure backend data management. Core functionalities include user account management, cataloging and retrieval of books, QR code-based borrowing and returning, borrower and penalty management, and automated report generation. The system was iteratively tested and evaluated using ISO/IEC 25010:2011 software quality standards through a researcher-developed questionnaire administered to librarians, library staff, and a stratified sample of 150 students. Descriptive statistics, including weighted means and frequency counts, were used to analyze evaluators’ perceptions. Results indicated that the system achieved Very Good to Excellent ratings across all quality attributes, demonstrating high functional suitability, usability, reliability, performance efficiency, maintainability, and user satisfaction. The ICT-based library system effectively streamlined operations, reduced manual workload, enhanced data accuracy, and improved service delivery across all campuses. Recommendations include implementing automated notifications, advanced search functions, and continuous system optimization to maintain high performance and adaptability. The study highlights the importance of ICT integration in academic libraries to meet the evolving needs of students and staff.

Purpose: The aim of this paper is to broaden the theoretical understanding of the impact that digital transformation processes have on academic libraries and to investigate the characteristics of their digital maturity so that guidelines can be identified for improving the user experience and for accelerating and connecting parts of library operations. Approach/methodology/design: The paper provides an overview of the theoretical background and a review of research dealing with the concept of digital transformation in the context of higher‑education institutions, with particular emphasis on academic libraries. Results: Academic libraries play a key role in ensuring digital access to resources through modern library information systems and also in supporting scholars, teachers and students in teaching and research. Contemporary cloud‑based platforms with built‑in discovery services enable unified resources management, analytics, system integration and the application of artificial intelligence to enhance services to users. Practical implications: The results of the study can be used in the preparation of strategic and operational work plans for libraries. Originality/value: By researching the characteristics through which the digital maturity of academic and research libraries can be measured, the paper contributes to a general understanding of the notion of digital transformation and to its operationalisation in library workflow processes.

This research evaluates the impact of equity and inclusion (E&I) initiatives within public librarianship, concentrating on library responses to the varied needs of historically underserved populations. As publicly accountable institutions dedicated to the impartial dissemination of knowledge, libraries bear a collective ethical and civic duty to embed inclusive practices across service design, personnel recruitment, information procurement, and participatory outreach. Utilizing a convergent mixed-methods framework that integrates archival policy records, large-scale patron surveys, structured staff focus groups, and stratified circulation metrics, this study maps the current trajectory of equity and inclusion (E&I) implementation across a stratified cohort of urban and rural library systems. The investigation discloses a reinvigorated commitment to cultivating inclusive service environments: academic libraries document rises in multilingual collections, construct public programming sensitive to cultural contexts, attain compliance with the Americans with Disabilities Act, and integrate repeated implicit-bias education into professional development sequences. Notwithstanding these achievements, the results indicate ongoing impediments: in postsecondary contexts, library executive councils lack proportional representation from historically marginalized populations; economically disadvantaged users confront intermittent access to digital archives; and enterprise-wide equity and inclusion plans display temporal gaps and disjointed evaluative frameworks. In response to these persistent obstacles, the article proposes an adaptive governance architecture that enables ongoing, temporally synchronized, and empirical interrogation of equity-oriented library operations. The architecture is further bolstered by metrics-informed guidelines for policy development and daily practice that harmonize with community-attuned librarianship and with the broader social justice commitments of the discipline.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the potential for AI chatbots to supplement health library reference services. The research seeks to provide valuable insights into AI chatbots' effectiveness, limitations, and best practices in healthcare libraries by analyzing how they respond to medical student reference queries. An extensive literature review was conducted to inform the design of an investigation into how AI chatbots respond to medical students' reference queries. Several key terms, including "artificial intelligence chatbots," "artificial intelligence technologies," "AI reference services," and "library reference services," were used to search scholarly databases. Research sources were screened for their functionalities, limitations, and best practices for AI chatbots in healthcare libraries. Artificial intelligence chatbots may even perform reference services, relieving librarians of their workload. AI chatbots can revolutionize healthcare education, reference services, and research. Health librarian and medical student training programs are necessary to ensure successful integration. Several factors hinder the integration of AI into library operations, such as insufficient funding, librarian disinterest, and technical skills shortages. Librarians should be prepared to integrate AI into library reference services and address concerns regarding information misuse in the future. AI has the ability to enhance library reference services, improve efficiency, and provide access to information. There are many benefits to implementing AI chatbots for health library reference services, including improved efficiency, 24/7 access to health information. The study outlines the importance of health libraries to the use of AI by medical students, as well as the role of AI-Chatbots can play in facilitating reference queries in this field.

Modeling is a common method of scientific knowledge, especially in the domains where conducting real experiments involves high financial costs or is physically impossible. This method enables researchers to create simplified models of complex systems, which makes it possible to analyze and study their behavior in various conditions. In a general sense, modeling can be described as an experimental approach to examining real-world systems based on their models. The diagram illustrates the modeling of the library user service process in a general way. The scheme includes the flows (incoming, outgoing, managing, and resource) to detail into the library operation. In addition, the author provides the generalized schemes of two models of higher education institution’s library, namely reactive and proactive ones. The service schemes are complemented with generalized schemes of modeling algorithm of the library user service process.

A comprehensive training program focused on shelving and stack work is critical for student employees’ success in academic libraries. At the University of Minnesota Law Library, we have developed a robust orientation and training program that prioritizes the foundational skill of shelving. Shelving is the backbone of nearly all library operations; without a strong foundation in this area, student employees cannot effectively perform more advanced or independent tasks. While much of the literature emphasizes training for the circulation desk or reference work, there is little focus on shelving and stack maintenance, which are essential to preserving access to print collections in large academic libraries. This paper explores the University of Minnesota Law Library’s approach to developing a robust training program that builds a strong foundation in shelving and promotes a supportive environment for student employees.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming library operations through automation and enhanced efficiency, yet its adoption in medical libraries, particularly in Malaysia, remains insufficiently studied. The objective of this study is to propose a comprehensive conceptual framework to explain AI adoption in medical library settings by integrating the COM-B Model, the Technology–Organization–Environment (TOE) framework, and Diffusion of Innovation (DOI) theory. The framework highlights three determinant categories: capability, opportunity and motivation. These factors are proposed to influence intention, which in turn drives adoption behavior. Developed through a narrative literature review and theory synthesis, the framework addresses the limitations of single-theory approaches and offers both theoretical and practical contributions. It provides guidance for medical library administrators and policymakers to enhance AI readiness and establishes a foundation for future empirical research in healthcare education contexts.

This article was published open access under a CC BY licence through the support of the Open Library of Humanities: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ .