Open Internet Of Things Platform Research Articles

Designing and implementation of internet of things (IoT) on physico‐biological treatment of wastewater

AbstractThe use of Internet of Things (IoT) in industries is not new; however, the amalgamation of IoT and Biotechnology is still less explored. IoT in wastewater treatment comes with a full suite including cloud and its corresponding ecosystem. The available cloud‐based systems are advantageous, but costly and tightly coupled to their own cloud infrastructure. Opportunities are limited for the creation of a hybrid/multiple cloud model as it's difficult to integrate with the legacy system(s) and/or customized systems. The current investigation focuses on designing architechture of an open source IoT platform on an effluent treatment plant (ETP) protoype of textile industry. The designed prototype includes physical (adsorption) and biological (Rotating Biological Contactor, RBC, immobilized with white rot fungus) processes. IoT has been used for automated data monitoring of pH and ultrasound (for effluent flow from one tank to another, with respect to the water level, for processing). The process operated under an optimized pH (6.53±0.15) with reduction of representative wastewater quality parameters, biological & chemical oxygen demand, total dissolved solids, total suspended solids and optical density by 78.9, 52.15, 91.6, 20.3 and 88.8%, respectively. The findings demonstrated the reliability of the designed system and the analytics on treatment facilities.

Internet of things (IoT) based smart garbage monitoring system

<p>Garbage waste monitoring, collection and management is one of the primary concerns of the present era due to its detrimental effects on environment. The traditional way of manually monitoring and collecting the garbage is a cumbersome process as it requires considerable human effort and time leading to higher cost. In this paper, an IoT based garbage monitoring system using Thingspeak, an open IoT platform is presented. The system consists of an Arduino microcontroller, an ultrasonic sensor, a load cell and a Wi-Fi module. The Arduino microcontroller receives data from the ultrasonic sensor and load cell. The depth of the garbage in the bin is measured using ultrasonic sensor and the weight of the bin with garbage is measured from the load cell. The LCD screen is used to display the data. The Wi-Fi module transmits the above data to the internet. An open IoT platform Thingspeak is used to monitor the garbage system. With this system, the administrator can monitor and schedule garbage collection more efficiently. A prototype has been developed and tested. It has been found to work satisfactorily. The details are presented in this paper.</p>

What Is an Open IoT Platform? Insights from a Systematic Mapping Study

Today, the Internet of Things (IoT) is mainly associated with vertically integrated systems that often are closed and fragmented in their applicability. To build a better IoT ecosystem, the open IoT platform has become a popular term in the recent years. However, this term is usually used in an intuitive way without clarifying the openness aspects of the platforms. The goal of this paper is to characterize the openness types of IoT platforms and investigate what makes them open. We conducted a systematic mapping study by retrieving data from 718 papers. As a result of applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 221 papers were selected for review. We discovered 46 IoT platforms that have been characterized as open, whereas 25 platforms are referred as open by some studies rather than the platforms themselves. We found that the most widely accepted and used open IoT platforms are NodeMCU and ThingSpeak that together hold a share of more than 70% of the declared open IoT platforms in the selected papers. The openness of an IoT platform is interpreted into different openness types. Our study results show that the most common openness type encountered in open IoT platforms is open-source, but also open standards, open APIs, open data and open layers are used in the literature. Finally, we propose a new perspective on how to define openness in the context of IoT platforms by providing several insights from the different stakeholder viewpoints.

Scalable IoT Platform for Heterogeneous Devices in Smart Environments

The Internet of Things (IoT) is envisioned as a ubiquitous computing infrastructure in which everything becomes connected, enabling gigantic information exchange among Things and people. These connected smart Things generate an enormous amount of data which need to be efficiently managed to form a unified global IoT. Unfortunately, due to the lack of acceptable open standards, communication protocols, and support for device/service discovery, the recent IoT deployments in smart environments (e.g., smart home, smart building, smart city) are posing imperative challenges related to interoperability, discovery, and the configuration of deployed objects, since the number of objects is expected to grow over time. Therefore, it is of utmost importance to provide open and scalable solutions for the discovery of devices (i.e., Things), their configuration, and data management. This paper introduces an open and scalable IoT platform by adopting the modular characteristics of edge computing for smart environments. This paper: (i) performs a systematic literature review of IoT-based infrastructures and analyzes the scalability requirements; (ii) proposes a layered IoT platform for smart environments that fosters heterogeneity, interoperability, discovery, and scalability; and (iii) demonstrates the applicability of the proposed solution by relying on a comprehensive study of a Vare smart building use case at Aalto University.

Remote Heart Beat Monitoring System

There is an increased prevalence of heart diseases in developing countries and continuous monitoring of heart beats is very much important to reduce hospital visits, health costs and complications. The Internet of Things (IoT) equipped with microcontrollers and sensors can give an easy and cost-effective remote health monitoring. We developed a Heart Beat monitoring module based on an android application. The software involved was the Android Application developed using Android Studio, which is the Integrated Development Environment (IDE). This app retrieved the data from the open IoT platform thingspeak.com. A highly sensitive Pulse Sensor was used to measure the heartbeat of the patient automatically. An Arduino Uno microcontroller interfaced with a Wi-Fi module ESP8266 used to transmit pulse reading over the internet using Wi-Fi. The heartbeat was displayed on the LCD of the patient in run-time. The heartbeat in beats per minute (BPM) was plotted against time (minutes). A mounted pulse sensor to the patient had monitored the heartbeat and transmitted it in the form of voltage signal to the microcontroller, which converted it back into a mathematical value. The Arduino transmitted the data onto the thingspeak.com portal, where it was plotted on a graph and the values were stored for future assessment. The user of the app was given a things peak API and the channel number as an access code, through which physician or nurse can accessed the patient’s data. IoT based heartbeat module as an android application can provide a convenient, cost effective and continuous remote measurements for heart patients to help physicians and nurses update. This app can reduce the burden of hospital visits or admissions for elderly patients.

Design of sensor system for air pollution and human vital monitoring for connected cyclists

This study addresses the design of smart sensor system aided bicycle that can be exploited as a platform for the acquisition of real-time data. In particular, in this work, the authors address the pressing issues like air pollution monitoring and health monitoring by using sensors that were seen as limitations in the already existing smart e-bike monitoring system. The sensor system presented in this study is capable of monitoring parameters such as location, heart rate of the rider and air quality levels in real-time. The data thus collected is fed into Thingspeak, an open Internet of Things platform powered by Matlab. The data is then visually represented in an Android application for riders to view and analyse the monitored parameters. The Android application designed for the system assists the user with location tracking, pollution mapping and health monitoring. Furthermore, security is also considered in this work which is addressed with the help of a fingerprint sensor and a global system for mobile/global positioning system module to alert the user in case of system theft. The system attached to the bicycle can be implemented on a large scale as a fleet/bike sharing system in order to map the pollution of an entire city with the help of IoT, thus aiding the development of greenfield smart city and additionally monitoring the vitals of the user riding the bicycle leading to intelligent transportation system. This study details the design and implementation of the hardware and software, enlists the outcomes of the system and explores the future scope and development.

Smart-Log: A Deep-Learning Based Automated Nutrition Monitoring System in the IoT

A correct balance of nutrient intake is very important, particularly in infants. When the body is deprived of essential nutrients, it can lead to serious disease and organ deterioration which can cause serious health issues in adulthood. Automated monitoring of the nutritional content of food provided to infants, not only at home but also in daycare facilities, is essential for their healthy development. To address this challenge, this paper presents a new Internet of Things (IoT)-based fully automated nutrition monitoring system, called Smart-Log, to advance the state-of-art in smart healthcare. For the realization of Smart-Log, a novel 5-layer perceptron neural network and a Bayesian network-based accurate meal prediction algorithm are presented in this paper. Smart-Log is prototyped as a consumer electronics product which consists of WiFi enabled sensors for food nutrition quantification, and a smart phone application that collects nutritional facts of the food ingredients. The Smart-Log prototype uses an open IoT platform for data analytics and storage. Experimental results consisting of 8172 food items for 1000 meals show that the prediction accuracy of Smart-Log is 98.6%.

A Collaborative Internet of Things Architecture for Smart Cities and Environmental Monitoring

The collaborative Internet of Things (C-IoT) is an emerging paradigm that involves many communities with the idea of cooperating in data gathering and service sharing. Many fields of application, such as smart cities and environmental monitoring, use the concept of crowdsensing in order to produce the amount of data that such Internet of Things (IoT) scenarios need in order to be pervasive. In this paper we introduce an architecture, namely SenSquare, able to handle both the heterogeneous data sources coming from open IoT platform and crowdsensing campaigns, and display a unified access to users. We inspect all the facets of such a complex system, spanning over issues of different nature: we deal with heterogeneous data classification, mobile crowdsensing management for environmental data, information representation, and unification, IoT service composition and deployment. We detail our proposed solution in dealing with such tasks and present possible methods for meeting open challenges. Finally, we demonstrate the capabilities of SenSquare through both a mobile and a desktop client.

An Open IoT Platform to Promote Eco‐Sustainable Innovation in Western Africa: Real Urban and Rural Testbeds

The digital revolution led by the Internet of Things (IoT) is already reshaping several traditional business sectors. Moreover, because of its very nature, the promise of the IoT is also to reduce energy consumption and pollutant emissions in several environmental scenarios. At the same time, it is desirable to keep the development of IoT as sustainable as possible, hence truly realizing the vision of the green IoT. In this paper, we show how a full‐stack IoT framework can alleviate some real environmental problems afflicting countries in Western Africa. We present three real IoT‐based deployments currently hosted in two rural areas of Senegal and Ghana and one metropolitan area of Togo. These testbeds are connected to a Cloud‐based software platform, purposely designed and engineered to address some very specific environmental, economic, and social requirements of the region.

Internet of Things Online Monitoring System Based on Cloud Computing

In order to develop a new convenient online monitoring system for Internet of things, an online monitoring system based on cloud computing is designed. The performance of this new Internet of things technology used in modern agricultural is test by Amazon relational database service (RDS) and ZigBee perception network. By analyzing the Internet of things related technologies and agricultural modernization, the integration framework of the Internet of things, cloud computing and data mining technology in the field of modern agriculture are proposed. Through the modern agricultural Internet of things monitoring system, the Internet of things intelligent gateway, cloud based research and construction of large data analysis and data mining projects are verified. The experimental results show that the relevant parameters of the model are obtained by training about 70% of the original data after adopting the cloud computing. Based on the above finding, it is concluded that the open Internet of things platform needs to be supported by the powerful computing resources. In addition, the cloud computing technology is suitable for the development of the Internet of things service platform.

An open IoT platform for the management and analysis of energy data

Buildings are key players when looking at end-use energy demand. It is for this reason that during the last few years, the Internet of Things (IoT) has been considered as a tool that could bring great opportunities for energy reduction via the accurate monitoring and control of a large variety of energy-related agents in buildings. However, there is a lack of IoT platforms specifically oriented towards the proper processing, management and analysis of such large and diverse data. In this context, we put forward in this paper the IoT Energy Platform (IoTEP) which attempts to provide the first holistic solution for the management of IoT energy data. The platform we show here (that has been based on FIWARE) is suitable to include several functionalities and features that are key when dealing with energy quality insurance and support for data analytics. As part of this work, we have tested the platform IoTEP with a real use case that includes data and information from three buildings totalizing hundreds of sensors. The platform has exceed expectations proving robust, plastic and versatile for the application at hand.

IoT Enabled Air Quality Monitoring System (AQMS) using Raspberry Pi

Background/Objectives: Air pollution due to vehicular and industrial emission has become menace to the living beings. Due to this menace both indoor and outdoor air quality monitoring in real time has become mandatory. Methods/ Statistical Analysis: The evolution of Internet of Things (IoT) and Single Board Computers (SBC) has made real time remote monitoring as a ubiquitous process. Remote monitoring was facilitiated using classical motes in the past, which has some pitfalls like limited memory, processsing speed and complex programming strategies. This paper portrays the usage of SBC for integration of IoT with WSN for Air Quality Monitoring System (AQMS), where SBC are capable of performing even complex task with enhanced speed and reduced complexity. The integration of cloud services with SBC makes alerting process smart and realtime. Findings: With the review and realizing of immense literature in the field of WSN for air quality management, the design of sensor web node becomes essential. The evolution of SBC adds merit towards monitoring and measuring of the critical factors in centralized Air Quality Monitoring System (AQMS) in any plant. Sensor web node is proposed with commercial gas sensors for detecting the gases like CO, CO 2 , NH 3 and NOx to monitor both indoor and outdoor air quality. The observed results are properly evaluated using ThingSpeak open source IoT platform. The integration of open source cloud services for SBC in this proposed prototype model confirms low cost, comfort, convenience and rapid prototyping for flexible AQMS. Applications/Improvements: This prototype can be easily adapted to any monitoring systems with minor changes and can be made scalable for tomorrow.

WoT 환경에서 웹과 IoT 플랫폼 사이의 데이터 통신 연구

최근 사람과 사물, 사물과 사람을 연결하는 IoT (internet of things)가 주목받고 있으며, 빠른 속도로 발전하고 있다. IoT가 발전하면서 전문가들은 10년 내에 인터넷에 연결된 디바이스는 약 1000억 대를 돌파할 것으로 예상하고 있다. 하지만, 현재 IoT 업체들 사이에서는 서로 다른 업체의 IoT 플랫폼 간에 데이터를 상호작용 하기 어려운 상태인 사일로 현상(ssilos effects)을 겪고 있다. 이러한 사일로 현상은 IoT가 더욱 큰 시장으로 성장하는 것을 제한할 것이다. 따라서 IoT 서비스를 공급하는 업체에서는 각 IoT 플랫폼 간 데이터를 상호작용 할 수 있는 개방형 IoT 플랫폼을 개발해야 한다. 현재 개방형 IoT 플랫폼을 위해 웹 기술이 급부상하고 있다. 개발자들에게 친숙하고 배우기 쉬운 웹 기술을 이용하면 IoT 디바이스를 발견하고, 수집된 데이터를 다양한 서비스에 활용할 수 있으며, 네트워크에 문제가 발생했을 경우 우회할 수 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 이러한 사일로 현상을 극복하고자 하는 WoT 환경에서 사용될 수 있는 데이터 통신 기술에 대해 알아보고 비교분석하였다. 그 결과, IoT의 정보를 단순하게 주고받을 수 있는 폴링 방식에서 빠른 전송 속도를 얻을 수 있었다. Recently, IoT(Internet of Things) to connect the objects and people has attracted attention. And it is rapidly developing. IoT is to develop, experts are predicting that the device is connected to the Internet to break through around 100 billion within 10 years. However, the current IoT companies are having a difficult state to the other each other IoT platform for interaction between data silos effects. These silos effects will limit the IoT grow to a larger market. Thus, the IoT service supplier shall develop an open platform for interaction IoT data between each IoT platform. These web technologies for current open IoT platform has emerged. If developers are using familiar, easy-to-learn Web technologies, developers can take advantage of a variety of services for the collected data, and found the IoT devices can be bypassed if there is a problem on the network. In this paper, we investigate the data communications technology that can be used in WoT environment to overcome these silos effects. As a result, the polling method that can simply send the IoT information the fastest.