Public adoption of open government data: A game theoretical approach

Bridging divides with data: Open government data and ESG rating divergence

Japan maintains exceptionally high psychiatric bed numbers and long hospitalization durations compared to global standards. This study examined prefecture-level associations between psychiatric bed supply, occupational therapy (OT) provision, and community welfare resources, and the average length of stay (ALOS). We performed a cross-sectional ecological analysis utilizing the 10th National Database of Health Insurance Claims (NDB) Open Data and government hospital statistics from fiscal year 2023. Dataset aggregation covered all 47 prefectures. We calculated standardized indicators per 100,000 population for psychiatric bed density, inpatient and outpatient OT claims, and community-based disability welfare facilities. Standardized multivariate regression modeling was employed to identify variables independently associated with ALOS, strictly evaluating the contributions of regional medical and welfare systems. The analysis identified that psychiatric bed density was most strongly associated with longer ALOS, which is consistent with the supply-induced demand hypothesis. Crucially, however, the regression model revealed that higher utilization rates of outpatient OT and a greater density of community-based welfare facilities were significantly and independently associated with shorter ALOS. Conversely, the volume of inpatient OT provision did not demonstrate a significant independent effect on shortening hospital stays in the adjusted model. At the prefectural level, psychiatric bed density was independently associated with longer ALOS, whereas outpatient OT utilization and community-based welfare facility density were independently associated with shorter ALOS. These findings suggest that community-based therapeutic and welfare resources may be relevant to shorter hospital stays, although causal inference is limited by the cross-sectional ecological design.

Open government data and entrepreneurship: Evidence from China

Purpose Although there is much research about Open Government Data (OGD), comprehensive evaluations of OGD policy impacts remain sparse. This study addresses this gap by empirically examining the alignment between OGD policy objectives and real-world outcomes across 337 Chinese municipalities. Design/methodology/approach A typology of OGD policy objectives is developed and used to evaluate OGD policies and their impact in different geographical regions. Findings The analysis revealed a hierarchy of outcomes where “technical support” goals yield higher impacts than “innovative value”, whereas the latter is often the goal of OGD initiatives. Regional disparities also emerge, with Eastern cities outperforming traditional industrial areas. Originality/value These findings underscore that policy design does not guarantee expected outcomes, especially under varying regional contexts. Policy-makers should better address local characteristics and develop targeted policy strategies and effective resource allocation. Highlights

Fiscal transparency is a core pillar of open government, yet its implementation at the local level remains uneven. This study investigates how the Open Government Partnership (OGP) contributes to fiscal transparency as a form of public sector innovation through a comparative analysis of local governments in Australia and Germany. Drawing on the Public Expenditure and Financial Accountability (PEFA) Framework (2016), the study evaluates 49 transparency and accountability criteria across four cases: the City of Melbourne, the Australian Capital Territory (ACT), the City of Osnabrück, and the City of Delmenhorst. Document analysis, complemented by semi-structured interviews with public officials, is used to assess the pattern of fiscal transparency practices. The findings show a consistent cross-case pattern: transparency is strongest in regulated domains such as procurement and external audit, while discretionary areas, including performance reporting, fiscal risk disclosure, and citizen-oriented access to information, display substantial variation. ACT demonstrates comparatively advanced, user-oriented transparency, whereas Melbourne shows targeted compliance alongside notable gaps; the German cases align in compliance-driven areas but exhibit more limited discretionary openness. The study develops a PEFA-guided checklist for assessing local government fiscal transparency and offers a mechanism-focused explanation of how global open government principles are translated into local administrative practice.

ABSTRACT Universities are currently facing significant challenges in adapting their educational provision to new social and labour market demands. This article explores how to address the existing mismatch between university curricula and the productive environment. To this end, a methodology based on the Theory of Change is employed, using living labs as a participatory setting for data collection. The study, conducted with actors from the quadruple helix, was structured in two phases: a collaborative diagnosis of the causes of this mismatch and the joint design of training pathways aimed at mitigating it. To guide the analysis, a conceptual framework structured around four types of change was used: relational, curricular, institutional, and student development. The results suggest that this approach facilitates the co‐creation of solutions tailored to the local context and strengthens the intersectoral collaboration required to address the twin transition. The study concludes that integrating ToC into participatory processes enhances institutional responsiveness to current transitions, promoting more open governance models that are better connected to their environment.

ABSTRACT Despite extensive research on open government data and political trust in Western contexts, less is known about how such reforms shape trust across different levels of government in non-Western countries. We argue that governments in these settings may strategically use open data reforms to signal transparency and thereby enhance political trust, with higher-level governments that lead these reforms more likely to benefit. Using data from China, we find that open government data increases trust in central and county governments, but not in township governments, and that perceived transparency mediates this relationship.

ABSTRACT This article is a critical inquiry into the dynamics of state governance and protest fragmentation in contemporary China. Drawing on a case analysis of veterans’ activism and evidence from ethnographic fieldwork conducted between 2019 and 2024, it argues that three commonly adopted approaches to social governance—localization, categorization, and individualization—systematically fragment veteran constituency and shatter broad-based solidarity. However, each of the three approaches generates unintended consequences. Local governance, which is structurally incapable of resolving national grievances, often provokes cross-regional mobilization; categorized governance, by institutionalizing differential treatment for different veteran subgroups, fuels sustained contention through relative deprivation; and individualized governance encourages transactional activism, whereby veterans extract personal concessions beyond the scope of legitimate grievances. By framing state-society interactions as a dynamic process, this inquiry advances theories of contentious politics and authoritarianism, revealing how the routine operation of social governance can intentionally or unintentionally reshape the landscape of contention it seeks to manage.

Abstract In this study, we analyzed the transformation of coworking geography before and after COVID-19 across 335 locations in Pune and used kernel density to select two clusters for this research. This paper presents an empirical investigation of socioeconomic determinants and lifestyle factors in conjunction with Coworking spaces, along with the behavioral choice factors of coworking spaces as identified in the literature and primary surveys. Empirical investigations using Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) and Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) are conducted for two knowledge clusters in Kalyani Nagar and Baner, using variables from Census data, OpenStreetMap (OSM), Open Government data, and PCMC data. The analysis reveals that "Lifestyle choice factors", "Hotel Locations", and "Urban built growth rate" have significant impacts on Coworking spaces. Lastly, the paper proposes various recommendations that serve as an impetus for a better, more conducive environment for a prospering knowledge economy through effective and efficient policy measures.

This paper discusses open governance issues of transparency, participation and accountability in the climate finance system. It examines how the sources of climate finance are integrating open governance into their processes and areas for improvement. These include international climate finance flowing from funders to recipient countries, domestic climate finance coming from government budgets, and private finance coming from a mix of international and domestic stakeholders.

ABSTRACT The integration of multi‐source heterogeneous data, inconsistent metadata standards, and limited knowledge service capabilities remains major challenges in building open science platforms for disaster risk reduction (DRR). This study proposes the Open and Extensible Disaster Data Governance Framework (OpenDDF), an innovative framework designed to enhance FAIR principles (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable) disaster data governance and knowledge services capacity. This framework integrates the development of disaster data classification systems, metadata standards, data management protocols, and online knowledge service modes, encompassing the entire data lifecycle of collection, processing, storage, and sharing. Guided by this framework, the Disaster Risk Reduction Knowledge Service system (DRRKS) has been developed and applied internationally, showcasing DRR data governance technologies and knowledge service contributions. DRRKS established four data types disaster data classification system, adopted 17 metadata and disaster data management standards, and developed four types of data processing and storage workflows. In addition, 25 software functions have been independently developed to support four online knowledge service modes implementation. OpenDDF bridges semantic and procedural gaps between raw disaster data to disaster knowledge data, lays the foundation for next‐generation big data–and artificial intelligence–oriented disaster risk reduction knowledge services.

Taxation is the primary source of state revenue used to finance government operations and support national development aimed at enhancing public welfare and the provision of public facilities. However, taxation is also perceived as a burden by taxpayers, making tax compliance a critical issue in optimizing government revenue. This study aims to examine the effects of Tax Knowledge, Nationalism, and The Implementation of the E-Filing System on Individual Taxpayer Compliance in Jakarta, Indonesia. This study employs an explanatory causal research design and uses a sample of 100 individual taxpayers residing in Jakarta, Indonesia. Data are analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis. The results indicate that tax knowledge, nationalism, and the implementation of the e-filing system positively affect individual taxpayer compliance. Theoretically, this study contributes to the behavioral taxation literature by integrating cognitive factors (tax knowledge), socio-psychological factors (nationalism), and technological factors (e-filing) to explain individual taxpayer compliance. Practically, the findings provide insights for tax authorities in formulating policies to enhance taxpayer compliance through strengthened tax education, the internalization of national values, and the optimization of digital tax administration systems.

This research examined the process of implementing the Sekadau One Data Portal policy by the Department of Communication and Informatics of Sekadau Regency, and determined the factors that influence it. This research was inspired by the fact that the One Data Indonesia policy has not been implemented optimally at the regional level, especially in the management of accurate, integrated, and accountable sectoral data. The research was descriptive qualitative, and it used four variables of policy implementation according to the theory of Edward III: communication, resources, disposition, and bureaucratic structure. The results indicated that the policy implementation continues to encounter a number of challenges, including: small number and quality of human resources, low budget allocation, poor coordination between divisions in the Office of Communication and Informatics, as well as insufficient outreach and training on data management.In addition, the Office of Communication and Informatics as the custodian of the data is not yet backed by a sufficient bureaucratic system and standard operating procedures. The implications of these findings are significant in enhancing institutional capacity, offering qualified human resources, and instituting technical regulations to facilitate more efficient and sustainable data governance. This research is expected to advance the practice of open data policy and data-based governance in the regional level.

ABSTRACT This paper examines the impact of public data open platforms (PDOP) on the digital and intelligent transformation of enterprise in China, addressing the research gap regarding the causal effectiveness of open government data initiatives. Using a balanced panel dataset of 16,365 Chinese A-share listed enterprises from 2009 to 2023, we apply a synthetic difference-in-differences approach to verify it. In contrast to previous findings, our results suggest that the PDOP had no significant impact on enterprises digitalization and intelligent transformation. The null effect highlights the challenges of open government data and offers insights for future improvement, particularly in reducing implementation distortions, improving the applicability of data, and better aligning government data provision with the actual needs of enterprises.

Public assets play a strategic role in supporting governmental operations and public service delivery at the local government level. The condition and performance of public assets are crucial in ensuring operational sustainability. However, in practice, public asset maintenance is often reactive and insufficiently integrated into long-term development planning. This study aims to analyze public asset maintenance strategies and their role in supporting the operational sustainability of local governments. A qualitative approach with a descriptive-analytical design was employed. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, field observations, and documentation studies involving local government agencies responsible for asset management. Data analysis was conducted using qualitative techniques, including data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings indicate that public asset maintenance strategies are predominantly corrective, while preventive and condition-based maintenance have not been optimally implemented. Key constraints include limited policy support, weak institutional coordination, budget constraints, insufficient human resource capacity, and underutilization of asset information systems. The study concludes that well-planned, preventive, and integrated asset maintenance strategies are essential to maintaining asset performance and ensuring the operational sustainability of local governments.

This study aims to analyze the key issues of open government in Contagem, Brazil, using a bibliometric analysis approach. Research data were collected from Google Scholar using Publish or Perish and analyzed with VOSviewer through co-occurrence techniques on keyword units with the full counting method. The findings revealed three major dimensions within the discourse: normative, policy, and local practice. The normative dimension underscores transparency and accountability in digital platforms. The policy dimension demonstrates the institutionalization of open government principles in urban planning and social programs. The local practice dimension reflects contextual adaptation by emphasizing inclusivity, sustainability, and smart governance. Moreover, the five core commitments of Contagem—digital participation through Decidim, the Integrity Plan, the establishment of CPRAC-C for administrative conflict resolution, a mobile application for georeferencing third-sector services, and the enhancement of the Transparency Portal—illustrate the city’s serious efforts to integrate OGP values at the local level. Nevertheless, several challenges remain, including limited and uneven citizen engagement, fragmentation of participatory instruments, digital divides, and the risk of symbolic implementation of the law. This study concludes that Contagem represents both opportunities and constraints in the execution of local open government, underscoring the need to strengthen inclusiveness, operational integrity, and integration of participatory mechanisms. Reinforcing these aspects would not only consolidate Contagem’s position within Brazil, but also enable it to serve as a model for participatory and sustainable urban governance in Latin America.

ABSTRACT Open government data (OGD) is essential for advancing digital governance, but its influence on corporate resilience remains insufficiently explored. Based on a panel data from China’s A-share listed manufacturing firms during 2007 and 2021, this paper employs a staggered difference-in-differences model with the imputation estimator to examine the impact of OGD on corporate resilience from a signal transmission perspective. The baseline results show that OGD significantly increases firms’ return on assets (ROA) by 0.07 and reduces bankrupt risk (RC) by 0.005, indicating improvements both in corporate operational and recovery resilience. These findings remain robust after various robustness tests. Mechanism analysis reveals that OGD strengthens corporate resilience by improving the business credit environment and promoting a fair and competitive market. Heterogeneity analysis shows that OGD strengthens resilience more in non-SOE enterprises, enhances operational resilience in capital- and technology-intensive sectors, and improves recovery resilience among small and labour-intensive firms. Further analysis demonstrates that firms with lower digital viability benefit more from OGD, and that improvements in marketization and digital infrastructure amplify the effect of OGD on operational resilience. This paper offers valuable insights for improving digital governance in developing countries.

Introduction Open government has gained prominence as a governance paradigm aimed at enhancing transparency, participation, and accountability; however, its conceptual relationship with the rule of law remains fragmented within existing scholarship. This study addresses this gap by systematically examining how academic discourse positions open government as a mechanism for strengthening rule-of-law outcomes. Methods A bibliometric and scientometric analysis was conducted on peer-reviewed publications indexed between 2014 and 2023. Bibliographic data were extracted and analysed using VOSViewer to generate keyword co-occurrence networks, citation relationships, and thematic clusters. The analysis follows a transparent and reproducible review protocol adapted from PRISMA guidelines. To contextualize the findings, the World Justice Project Rule of Law Index 2024 is used as an external reference for the Philippine governance environment. Results The results reveal several dominant thematic clusters, including transparency and accountability, citizen participation, digital governance, anti-corruption, and institutional capacity. Keyword and citation networks indicate that open government is most frequently conceptualized as an enabling mechanism for accountability and administrative transparency, while linkages to judicial effectiveness and enforcement remain comparatively underexplored. The Philippine context reflects moderate institutional openness alongside persistent weaknesses in corruption control and justice systems. Discussion/Conclusion This study contributes by clarifying the intellectual structure of open government and rule-of-law scholarship and highlighting conceptual gaps between openness and legal enforcement. The findings offer implications for governance research and inform policy discussions on strengthening rule-of-law outcomes through open government reforms.

ABSTRACT The federal governance system has a substantial impact on educational development through the decentralization of authority. However, conflicting policy understandings, inadequacies, and the persistence of a centralized approach among policymakers obstruct the effective implementation of decentralized educational policies and the achievement of sustainable educational goals. This study investigates the perceptions, practices, and challenges faced by educational managers in implementing school education policies within Nepal’s federal structure. Employing a qualitative case study within an interpretive paradigm, the study focuses on three purposively selected local levels in one rural district, of Nepal. Data were collected through interviews and observations with 12 key educational managers, including mayors, rural municipality chairs, and education officers, to understand their experiences in applying the Constitution of Nepal (2015) and the Local Government Operation Act (2017) in school management. Thematic analysis revealed that policy inadequacies and a centralized mind-set among implementers often led to confusion and hindered decentralized policy execution. Notably, local initiatives like developing education acts and teacher capacity showed promise. Challenges included budget constraints, human resource management issues, political interference, and poor stakeholder coordination. These findings underscore the need for clear, Constitution-aligned policies to support the federal transition and ensure sustainable school management.