Official Implementation Research Articles

Randomized Controlled Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy of Positive Mental Health Program for Adults: Study Protocol.

To evaluate the effectiveness of a positive mental health program for adults (PMHP) in the community. Positive mental health (PMH) can be seen as a construct represented by six factors (personal satisfaction, prosocial attitude, self-control, autonomy, problem resolution, and self-actualization, and interpersonal relationship skills) according to the Multifactorial Model for PMH. Although there are several interventions in promoting mental health, research on effective promotion of PMH for adults in the community with structured and validated programs of PMH is scarce. This study protocol describes a randomized controlled trial (RCT) following a wait-list control design, aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of a PMHP in the community. This study was approved in June 2019 by the Ethics Committee. Participants will be recruited from the school community of teachers. Participants aged ≥ 18 years. The participants will be randomized 1:1 to either (a) an intervention group, which will integrate the PMHP, or (b) the standby control group. Three assessment moments for both groups will take place initial, after the intervention, and a follow-up of 3-6 months. The evaluation instruments will include a sociodemographic questionnaire, a PMH questionnaire, and a psychological vulnerability scale. The current study provides an innovative approach to PMH. Further, the study may demonstrate new interventions in PMH in the community, based on a program with systematized guidelines and sessions structured according to individual needs. It is expected that at the end of the program, the experimental group will increase the level of PMH. To allow future official implementation of the PMH program and the replication of the study in other professional groups as a promotion tool. There was no funding to remunerate a participant for this study. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04600401. Registered on May 15, 2020.

Impact of Environmental Protection Tax on carbon intensity in China.

In the context of increasingly severe global climate change, finding effective carbon emission reduction strategies has become key to mitigating climate change. Environmental Protection Tax (EPT), as a widely recognized method, effectively promotes climate change mitigation by encouraging emission reduction behaviors and promoting the application of clean technologies. Based on data from 282 cities in China, this paper takes the official implementation of the EPT in 2018 as the policy impact and the cities with increased tax rates for air taxable pollutants as the treatment group and uses DID model to systematically demonstrate the relationship between the implementation of the EPT and carbon intensity (CI) and further explores the possible pollutant emissions and green innovation mediating effects. The findings show that (1) the implementation of EPT can effectively reduce CI by about 4.75%, and this conclusion still holds after considering the robustness of variable selection bias, elimination of other normal effects, policy setting time bias, and self-selection bias. (2) The implementation of EPT can reduce CI by reducing pollutant emissions and improving the level of green innovation. (3) There is obvious regional heterogeneity in the carbon reduction effect of EPT, and the implementation of EPT has a more significant effect on CI in medium-tax areas, low environmental concern areas, general cities, and eastern regions. This paper not only provides a new analytical perspective for systematically understanding the carbon emission reduction effect of EPT but also provides policy insights for promoting regional green transformation and advancing carbon peak carbon neutralization.

Study on the Influencing Factors of Chinese Students Attending Private High Schools

After the official implementation of China's ‘General Employment Diversion’ policy on high school entrance examination, only about 50 percent of students will win the competition for senior high school education while the rest will enter vocational schools. This policy has led to the trend of parents choosing private high schools in China. Based on a detailed explanation of the general employment diversion policy, this paper analyzes the factors that affect Chinese parents' choice of private high schools and vocational schools by integrating three representative cases through interview analysis, and analyzes the family and social conflicts caused by the general employment diversion policy from a multi-dimensional perspective, as well as possible solutions. Through the reference of the existing research results of the general employment diversion policy and the interview of three cases, Chinese parents with different economic conditions are more inclined to choose high school education, which leads to the competition of educational resources in private high schools, as well as family conflicts and economic burdens. To standardize and improve the teaching and management of private high schools and vocational schools, and to change the cognitive limitations of public opinion on vocational education are crucial to realizing the equity of high school education.

Topic-VQ-VAE: Leveraging Latent Codebooks for Flexible Topic-Guided Document Generation

This paper introduces a novel approach for topic modeling utilizing latent codebooks from Vector-Quantized Variational Auto-Encoder~(VQ-VAE), discretely encapsulating the rich information of the pre-trained embeddings such as the pre-trained language model. From the novel interpretation of the latent codebooks and embeddings as conceptual bag-of-words, we propose a new generative topic model called Topic-VQ-VAE~(TVQ-VAE) which inversely generates the original documents related to the respective latent codebook. The TVQ-VAE can visualize the topics with various generative distributions including the traditional BoW distribution and the autoregressive image generation. Our experimental results on document analysis and image generation demonstrate that TVQ-VAE effectively captures the topic context which reveals the underlying structures of the dataset and supports flexible forms of document generation. Official implementation of the proposed TVQ-VAE is available at https://github.com/clovaai/TVQ-VAE.

Inclusion and Inclusive Education in Russia: Analysis of Legislative and Strategic Documents at the State Level between 2012–2014

Inclusive education is an important foundation of many societies, including the post-Soviet countries. It has been more than ten years since the official implementation of inclusion in Russia. However, the inclusive education system has not developed enough to be equally supported everywhere throughout the country, and is marked by controversial views on legal regulation and inclusive strategies. The purpose of this article is to examine inclusion and inclusive education, mainly for students with special educational needs, as understood in the educational policy. The data consist of legislative and strategic documents on the state level between 2012 to 2014. The data analysis was based on a qualitative content analysis. The analysis indicated two main themes: the subtle expression and lack of a definition for inclusion, and an inconsistent expression and definition of inclusive education. The results point to the necessity of encouraging discussions as well as reflections with respect to articulating and defining what inclusion is and how Russia can create an effective strategy for the further development of inclusive education.

Status of Telenursing and Future Use Intentions in Home Health Care in the Post-COVID-19 Era

This study aimed to investigate the current status and workload of telenursing by home healthcare nurses in the post-COVID-19 era, where telenursing has become indispensable, and identify factors that influence the intention to use telenursing. This study employed a cross-sectional descriptive approach based on an online survey. A total of 137 active home care nurses were surveyed for over 6 weeks starting in December 2022. Among the participants, 33.8% (N = 44) responded that they were currently using telenursing services. Most telenursing was conducted for consultation and education, using various technologies. The intention to use telenursing was significantly higher among individuals with higher educational levels and telenursing experience. The greater the social influence, which indicates the extent to which people around them believe that telenursing should be used, and more positive the attitudes toward telenursing, the higher the intention to use it. A clear definition of telenursing is required to improve people’s understanding of telenursing before its official implementation in Korea. Telenursing may be used to provide health care education and consultation while maintaining the continuity of care not only for patients receiving home health care but also for community-dwelling patients. To recognize and evaluate current telenursing practices, telenursing content should be recorded accurately. Finally, attitudes toward telenursing and social influence must be considered when developing strategies to improve nurses’ intentions to use and activate telenursing in the near future.

Integration of Industry and Education Leads to High Quality Employment for China’s Secondary Tourism Students

Under the double background of the 20th Party Congress re-emphasizing the deepening of the integration of industry and education as well as the official implementation of the new Vocational Education Law of the People's Republic of China, the trend of relying on vocational education for industrial development and upgrading has become unstoppable. Tourism is a pillar industry of China's economy, and tourism employees not only need to have good professional qualities, but also need to have standardized job service skills, and even more need to adapt to the relevant requirements of intelligent tourism in the information age. Employment is the basis of people's livelihood, and the high-quality development of employment is an effective guarantee for building socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era. Combining the data comparison and analysis of the employment salary of secondary tourism students with the national average salary of all industries from 2013 to 2022, it is found that the employment of secondary tourism students has not yet formed a high-quality development, and then according to the development mode of integration of industry and education, it tries to put forward measures to lead the high-quality development of the employment of secondary tourism students, and cultivate high-quality applied talents for the construction of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era.

Medical Image Segmentation Review: The Success of U-Net.

Automatic medical image segmentation is a crucial topic in the medical domain and successively a critical counterpart in the computer-aided diagnosis paradigm. U-Net is the most widespread image segmentation architecture due to its flexibility, optimized modular design, and success in all medical image modalities. Over the years, the U-Net model has received tremendous attention from academic and industrial researchers who have extended it to address the scale and complexity created by medical tasks. These extensions are commonly related to enhancing the U-Net's backbone, bottleneck, or skip connections, or including representation learning, or combining it with a Transformer architecture, or even addressing probabilistic prediction of the segmentation map. Having a compendium of different previously proposed U-Net variants makes it easier for machine learning researchers to identify relevant research questions and understand the challenges of the biological tasks that challenge the model. In this work, we discuss the practical aspects of the U-Net model and organize each variant model into a taxonomy. Moreover, to measure the performance of these strategies in a clinical application, we propose fair evaluations of some unique and famous designs on well-known datasets. Furthermore, we provide a comprehensive implementation library with trained models. In addition, for ease of future studies, we created an online list of U-Net papers with their possible official implementation. All information is gathered in a GitHub repository https://github.com/NITR098/Awesome-U-Net.

Образ власти в трагедии на сюжет славянской истории «Венцеслав» (1647) Ж. де Ротру

The example of the tragedy “Venceslas” is instrumental in defining the nature of the late work of J. Rotrou. The paper analyzes he play the context of classicist poetics, taking into account the evolution of Rotrou’s dramatic writing and ideological polemics with the Corneille theater of the 40s, whose influence largely initiated the overcoming of Rotrou’s dependence on mythological models, conditioned by the connection with ancient and humanistic drama especially noticeable in early tragedies, and bringing political issues to the fore. It is the specifics of revealing the image of power that most clearly shows the originality of Rotrou’s thinking. In discussing the power’s image, the author proceeds from the peculiarity of unfolding of the discursive-rhetorical structure of the play and semantic mobility of signs and images associated with the manifestation of power. The multiplicity and active interaction of meanings that organize the statements of the main actors and define them in a political, role-playing and at the same time personal, relative, sets the contradiction, mobility, uncertainty of their characters and relationships. The need for official implementation together with the right to personal, the significance of the state interest along with the actualization of the individual — such value-semantic ambiguity is observed throughout the dramatic action, not excluding the finale. Rotrou managed to deeply connect the authority of impersonal power and vulnerability, the “imperfection” of the private, to show the inevitable presence of the human, giving dubious relativity to any absolute meaning.

Perceptions and Attitudes of Mental Health Professionals toward the Mental Health Care Law in Saudi Arabia.

The Saudi Mental Health Care Law (SMHL) was established in 2014; however, no prior study has evaluated mental health professionals' perceptions or attitudes toward it. This cross-sectional study examines these aspects and their associated factors among psychiatrists, psychologists, social workers, and psychiatric nurses in Saudi Arabia (SA). The data were collected from 432 participants using an online electronic survey consisting of four sections, including the Mental Health Legislation Attitudes Scale (MHLAS). Psychiatrists comprised most participants (46.06%), followed by psychologists (36.34%). Most participants were 40 years of age or younger (83.10%). Of the 432 participants, 226 (52.31%) were females. Overall, 28.70% were unaware of the existence of the SMHL. A total of 172 (66.67%) out of 258 participants agreed that the legislation operates well in ensuring treatment for persons who require involuntary admission. There was a statistically significant association between specialty and opinions of treatment efficacy and care benefits of the SMHL (p = 0.031 and p < 0.001, respectively). Official implementation of SMHL in participants' facilities resulted in high MHLAS scores (p = 0.007). Reading or attending lectures and workshops related to the SMHL resulted in high MHLAS scores (p = 0.044 and p = 0.021, respectively). Negative opinions and uncertainty regarding the effect of SMHL on confidentiality were associated with low total MHLAS scores (p < 0.001). This study highlights the need to increase awareness of the SMHL among Saudi Arabian healthcare workers.

系统仿真视角下平顶山市城市社区养老托育服务供给研究

With the increasing trend of aging and fewer children in society, China’s population structure is facing severe challenges. After the official implementation of the “Three Child Policy” in 2021, Pingdingshan City is facing the problems of how to provide effective community services, meet the needs of the elderly and children, and promote harmonious community development. In September 2022, Pingdingshan City formulated a comprehensive solution titled “one old and one little” to carry out supply side structural reform. The main content is to establish a bottom line through social security coordination, promote universal benefits, by mobilizing various forces from the government, market, and society to achieve a market-oriented coordinated development path. It has continuously made new progress in providing for the elderly and children. This article revolves around three dimensions: the supply and demand of urban community elderly care services, the factors that affect urban community elderly care, and policy suggestions. By studying literature and organizing data, a simulation model is established. Through model analysis, the influencing factors of the functional performance of the urban community elderly care service system are ultimately identified, and countermeasures and suggestions for improving the urban community elderly care service system are proposed. I hope it could ensure the supply and demand of future elderly care services, and find a balance between economic development and social security.

The Economic Impact of Population Aging in China: Effectiveness of Delayed Retirement

China, being a populous country, is facing the challenges and opportunities brought by population aging. This research paper explores the potential of delayed retirement as a policy intervention to address the impact of population aging on China's social and economic development. The paper reviews relevant literature on the challenges and implications of an aging population, discusses the current situation of population aging in China, and analyzes the potential benefits and limitations of delayed retirement as a policy response. The research finds that China's population is still relatively abundant in labor resources, but aging poses challenges to social and economic development. Delayed retirement, as a policy intervention, has social value and economic significance in alleviating the aging problem. However, limitations such as the lack of data on the long-term impact of population aging on the economy and the absence of official implementation of delayed retirement in China should be acknowledged. The paper also highlights the need for future research to focus on motivating workers to accept and actively choose delayed retirement, prioritizing young people's employment opportunities, addressing fertility issues, and considering a global perspective in contrasting the problems faced by developed and developing countries. In conclusion, while delayed retirement holds potential as a policy intervention for addressing the challenges of population aging in China, further research is needed to fully understand its impact and limitations. By adopting a comprehensive approach that considers the economic, social, healthcare, and employment aspects of aging, policymakers can develop effective strategies to promote the well-being and sustainability of an aging society in China and beyond.

Use of Nile tilapia fish skin in treatment for burn victims

Burn injuries in the United States result in 1.1 million hospital admissions, with around 4500 deaths annually, according to the CDC. Although skin grafts have been the standard treatment since 1869, recent research suggests that tilapia skin could offer a safer and more effective alternative. This review aims to assess the strengths and knowledge gaps related to the usage of fish skin in burn patients. A systematic search was conducted on electronic databases, such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Clinicaltrials.gov, and Google Scholar, using relevant MESH keywords from 2018 to 2022. The search and analysis followed the “Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis” methodology. Data extraction utilized a template based on the Cochrane Consumers and Communication Review group’s extraction guidelines. Out of 166 studies identified, 12 relevant studies were extensively analyzed. The trials consistently demonstrated accelerated reepithelialization, improved patient compliance in managing burn-related pain, no immunologic or allergic reactions, reduced infection rates, shorter hospital stays, and decreased treatment costs when using fish skin. These findings suggest that fish skin is comparable to traditional treatments in terms of effectiveness and safety. Considering the discussed advantages, Nile tilapia fish skin emerges as a promising xenograft option for burn victims. However, further large-scale trials and studies are needed before its widespread and official implementation in burn centers. More research is required to establish the efficacy and safety of fish skin as a viable treatment modality.

Cumhurbaşkanlığı Eğitim ve Öğretim Politikaları Kurulu ile Millî Eğitim Bakanlığının Politika Sürecindeki Rolleri

In the formation of sovereignty of states, there are three powers, namely legislative, executive and judicial. The positioning of these three forces and the creation of parliamentary, presidential and semi-presidential government systems, known as democratic government systems, are among the important subjects of political science. The way to serve its citizens, which is one of the reasons for the existence of a state, is through public policies. Government systems are highly effective and decisive in the public policy process as well as in all areas of countries. Demands for a change in the government system, which have been going on for many years in Turkey, aimed to ensure political stability by eliminating the excessive dependence of the executive on the legislature brought by the parliamentary government system and the failures of the multi-part governments in the executive. With the official implementation of the Presidential Government System in Turkey as of 2018, the administrative structure of the executive was established with the Presidential Decree No. 1 on the Presidency Organization. The educational system within the process of education policies, the organizational structure, duties and powers of the Presidential Education and Training Policies Board and the Ministry of National Education in the context of the executive power are regulated in this Decree. In the process of education policies, the Presidency Education and Training Policies Board as the decision maker and the Ministry of National Education as the policy implementer have their presence as policy actors in the Presidential Government System. In this study, the effects and roles of the Presidential Education and Training Policies Board, which has the same duties and powers as the National Education Council, which is not included in the Decree on the Presidential Organization, in policy formulation and implementation are evaluated. In this study, which aims to reveal the roles of the Presidential Education and Training Policy Board and the Ministry of National Education in the policy process, the "document review" method was used. Keywords: Presidential Government System, Public Administration, Public Policies, Education Policies, Education and Training Policy Board, Ministry of National Education, National Education Council.

From targeted methods to metabolomics based strategies to screen for growth promoters misuse in horseracing and livestock: A review

Despite banned for public health, societal and economic reasons, and therefore strictly regulated, growth promoters can still be used in farm animals to increase production yields or in racing animals to enhance their performance. The introduction of specific regulations has led to the establishment of control systems, in particular through the development of analytical methods to detect doping practices. Although high-performance analytical strategies, most often based on targeted mass spectrometry approaches, are implemented in testing laboratories, some challenges still remain, particularly those specifically implemented to circumvent controls (e.g. the use of natural hormones, low-dose cocktails, or the use of new synthetic drugs). To overcome some limitations of these targeted methods and to deal with some difficult cases, especially at the critical screening stage, a new strategy emerged in the early 20s: the investigation of effect biomarkers, based on non-targeted profiling involving genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics approaches for a global analysis of genes, RNAs, proteins and endogenous metabolites, respectively, as potential biomarkers of interest. With hindsight now, metabolomics is recognized the most promising area to highlight biomarkers related to animal doping and their subsequent monitoring in a control perspective. Several studies have already demonstrated the proof of concept of the metabolomics-based workflow and its suitability for alternative screening for a range of growth promoters (e.g., β-agonists, steroids) but also various species (e.g., bovine, horse), it is now time to move on to a robust implementation for monitoring purpose. In particular, the next research question in metabolomics is how to validate resulting non-targeted methods and transfer to routine frameworks, complying standards and regulatory expectations. This state of the art aims at providing an overview of the evolution of screening methods, from direct strategies targeting exposure biomarkers to indirect methods looking for new effect biomarkers based on semi-targeted or non-targeted methods. With the official implementation of these innovative effect biomarkers-based screening strategies in mind, this review article also aims to detail, the metabolomics workflow and best practices from sample preparation to the evaluation of performances of such approaches and ways to validate the corresponding methods.

Designing and Evaluating an Emotionally Responsive Virtual Patient Simulation.

Virtual patient (VP) simulations have been widely used for healthcare training, education, and assessment. However, few VP systems have integrated emotion sensing and analyzed how a user's emotions may influence the overall training experience. This article presents a VP that can recognize and respond to 5 human emotions (anger, disgust, fear, joy, and sadness), as well as 2 facial expressions (smiling and eye contact). The VP was developed by combining the capabilities of a facial recognition system, a tone analyzer, a cloud-based artificial intelligence chatbot, and interactive 3-dimensional avatars created in a high-fidelity game engine (Unity). The system was tested with healthcare professionals at Changzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital. A total of 65 participants (38 females and 27 males) aged between 23 and 57 years (mean = 38.35, SD = 11.48) completed the survey, and 19 participants were interviewed. Most participants perceived that the VP was useful in improving their communication skills, particularly their nonverbal communication skills. They also reported that adding users' affective states as an additional interaction increased engagement of the VP and helped them build connections with the VP. The emotionally responsive VP seemed to be functionally complete and usable. However, some technical limitations need to be addressed before the system's official implementation in real-world clinical practice. Future development will include improving the accuracy of the speech recognition system, using more sophisticated emotion sensing software, and developing a natural user interface.

Research on the Impact of China's OFDI to RCEP Countries from the Perspective of Country Distance

The official implementation of RCEP has created opportunities and conditions for China's OFDI. This paper comprehensively analyzes the influencing factors of China's OFDI to RCEP countries based on three dimensions of country distance: geographical distance, economic distance and institutional distance. It is found that: the greater the gap between institutional distance and geographical distance between RCEP parties and China, the more China tends to make direct investment to them, and China's direct investment behavior to RCEP countries is not significantly influenced by economic distance. From the sub-regional regression results, the key factors and utilities affecting OFDI are different in the three regions of RCEP member countries. ASEAN countries, Australia and New Zealand are mainly influenced by a combination of economic distance and institutional distance, where institutional distance promotes our OFDI behavior, while economic distance plays a hindering role. China's OFDI to Japan and South Korea is mainly hindered by institutional distance, and OFDI in all three regions is not significantly influenced by geographical distance.

Democratizing Pathological Image Segmentation with Lay Annotators via Molecular-empowered Learning.

Multi-class cell segmentation in high-resolution Giga-pixel whole slide images (WSI) is critical for various clinical applications. Training such an AI model typically requires labor-intensive pixel-wise manual annotation from experienced domain experts (e.g., pathologists). Moreover, such annotation is error-prone when differentiating fine-grained cell types (e.g., podocyte and mesangial cells) via the naked human eye. In this study, we assess the feasibility of democratizing pathological AI deployment by only using lay annotators (annotators without medical domain knowledge). The contribution of this paper is threefold: (1) We proposed a molecular-empowered learning scheme for multi-class cell segmentation using partial labels from lay annotators; (2) The proposed method integrated Giga-pixel level molecular-morphology cross-modality registration, molecular-informed annotation, and molecular-oriented segmentation model, so as to achieve significantly superior performance via 3 lay annotators as compared with 2 experienced pathologists; (3) A deep corrective learning (learning with imperfect label) method is proposed to further improve the segmentation performance using partially annotated noisy data. From the experimental results, our learning method achieved F1 = 0.8496 using molecular-informed annotations from lay annotators, which is better than conventional morphology-based annotations (F1 = 0.7015) from experienced pathologists. Our method democratizes the development of a pathological segmentation deep model to the lay annotator level, which consequently scales up the learning process similar to a non-medical computer vision task. The official implementation and cell annotations are publicly available at https://github.com/hrlblab/MolecularEL.

The importance of post marketing quality control

BACKGROUND A previously published study reported on the nonlinear behaviour for airway pressure and tidal volume of the adjustable pressure-limiting (APL) valve of the Aisys CS2 anaesthesia machine (GE Healthcare, Madison, Wisconsin, USA) during manual bag ventilation. In co-operation with the manufacturer, an adapted APL valve was developed. OBJECTIVE To test and characterise the performance of an adapted APL valve and assess its clinical usability. DESIGN Two-stage study, consisting of an in-vitro testing of an adapted APL valve in a baby and adolescent lung model, followed by a clinical experience survey of anaesthesia personnel after the official implementation of the new APL valve into clinical routine. SETTING Anaesthesia Department at the University Children's Hospital Zurich. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Airway pressures and inspiratory tidal volumes during opening and closure of the APL valve at different settings. Likert scale assessment of performance expectance, effort expectance, behavioural intention and safety of the APL valve during clinical use. RESULTS In contrast to the original APL valve of the GE Aisys CS2, the adapted APL valve showed a nearly linear increase in airway pressures as well as in the tidal volumes measured. Most importantly, the measured pressures never exceeded the set pressures. Based on the experimental findings, all original APL valves of the GE Aisys CS2 were replaced by the adapted APL valve. Two months later, an anonymised and standardised questionnaire was handed out to all employees working with the adapted APL valve. Analysis of the questionnaire indicated that the adapted APL valve is easier and more precise to handle in the daily routine than the original one. CONCLUSION The newly adapted APL valve for the GE Aisys CS2 has considerably improved its linearity at lower pressures and supports our institution's bag mask ventilation practices.

Formal Verification of Resource Synchronization Protocol Implementations: A Case Study in RTEMS

To avoid race conditions and ensure data integrity, resource synchronization protocols have been widely studied in real-time systems for decades, providing systematical policies to guarantee a bound on priority inversion-induced blocking time and the avoidance of deadlocks. However, the corresponding realization is often based on assumed abstractions and necessary adaptions in a real-time operating system, by which the theoretically proven properties of such a protocol may not be delivered, leading to potential mismatches. To prevent such mismatches, in this work, we propose to contract the obligations of involved primitives and operations, and apply the deductive verification on a corresponding implementation. To this end, we present a modularized verification framework and demonstrate its applicability by verifying the official implementation of the immediate ceiling priority protocol (ICPP) and the multiprocessor resource sharing protocol (MrsP) in RTEMS, resulting in the discovery of long-stayed mismatches for both synchronization protocols. To resolve them, we provide a possible remedy for the ICPP and an additional precondition regarding nested locking for the MrsP.