OD Stretch Research Articles

Observation of ν1+νn combination bands of the HOOO and DOOO radicals using infrared action spectroscopy

Hydrogen trioxy (HOOO) and its deuterated analog (DOOO) have been generated in a supersonic free-jet expansion through association of photolytically generated OH or OD and molecular oxygen. The radicals were detected using infrared action spectroscopy, a highly sensitive double resonance technique. Rotationally resolved spectra of combination bands of HOOO and DOOO comprising one quantum of OH or OD stretch (nu(1)) and one quantum of a lower frequency mode (nu(1)+nu(n) where n=3-6), including HDOO bend (nu(3)), OOO bend (nu(4)), central OO stretch (nu(5)), and HDOOO torsion (nu(6)), have been observed and assigned to the trans conformer. All but one of these bands are accompanied by unstructured features which are tentatively assigned to the corresponding vibration of the cis conformer. In total, five additional bands of HOOO and four of DOOO have been recorded and assigned. These data represent the first gas-phase observation of the low-frequency modes of HOOO and DOOO and they are found to differ significantly from previous matrix studies and theoretical predictions. Accurate knowledge of the vibrational frequencies is crucial in assessing thermochemical properties of HOOO and present possible means of detection in the atmosphere.

Why Does Argon Bind to Deuterium? Isotope Effects and Structures of Ar·H 5O 2 + Complexes

Recently, we reported the spectrum of Ar x D4HO2(+) [McCunn; et, al. J. Phys. Chem. B 2008, 112, 321], and here, we extend that work to include the Ar x H4DO2(+) isotopologue in order to explore why the Ar atom has a much greater propensity for attachment to a dangling OD group than it does for OH, even when many more of the latter binding sites are available. Calculated (MP2/6-311+G(d,p) level of theory/basis) harmonic frequencies reproduce the observed multiplet patterns of OH and OD stretches and confirm the presence of various isomers arising from the different Ar binding sites. The preferential bonding of Ar to OD is traced to changes in the frequencies of the wag and rock modes of the H5O2(+) moiety rather than to shifts in the oscillator that directly binds the Ar atom.

Infrared Action Spectroscopy of the OD Stretch Fundamental and Overtone Transitions of the DOOO Radical

The DOOO radical has been produced by three-body association between OD and O2 in a supersonic free-jet expansion and investigated using action spectroscopy, an IR-UV double-resonance technique. Partially rotationally structured bands observed at 2635.06 and 5182.42 cm(-1) are assigned to the OD stretch fundamental (nu(OD)) and overtone (2nu(OD)), respectively, of the trans-DOOO radical. Unstructured bands observed in both spectral regions are assigned to cis-DOOO. Nascent OD X(2)Pi product state distributions following vibrational predissociation appear to be nearly statistical with respect to the degree of rotational excitation, but display a marked propensity for Pi(A') Lambda-doublets, which is interpreted as a signature of a planar dissociation. The energetically highest open OD X(2)Pi product channel implies an upper limit dissociation energy D0 < or = 1856 cm(-1) or 5.31 kcal mol(-1). This value allows refinement of the upper limit D0 of the atmospherically important HOOO isotopomer, suggesting that it is marginally less stable than previously thought.

Confinement or the nature of the interface? Dynamics of nanoscopic water.

The dynamics of water confined in two different types of reverse micelles are studied using ultrafast infrared pump-probe spectroscopy of the hydroxyl OD stretch of HOD in H2O. Reverse micelles of the surfactant Aerosol-OT (ionic head group) in isooctane and the surfactant Igepal CO 520 (nonionic head group) in 50/50 wt % cyclohexane/hexane are prepared to have the same diameter water nanopools. Measurements of the IR spectra and vibrational lifetimes show that the identity of the surfactant head groups affects the local environment experienced by the water molecules inside the reverse micelles. The orientational dynamics (time-dependent anisotropy), which is a measure of the hydrogen bond network rearrangement, are very similar for the confined water in the two types of reverse micelles. The results demonstrate that confinement by an interface to form a nanoscopic water pool is a primary factor governing the dynamics of nanoscopic water rather than the presence of charged groups at the interface.

Hydrogen bond dynamics in aqueous NaBr solutions.

Hydrogen bond dynamics of water in NaBr solutions are studied by using ultrafast 2D IR vibrational echo spectroscopy and polarization-selective IR pump-probe experiments. The hydrogen bond structural dynamics are observed by measuring spectral diffusion of the OD stretching mode of dilute HOD in H(2)O in a series of high concentration aqueous NaBr solutions with 2D IR vibrational echo spectroscopy. The time evolution of the 2D IR spectra yields frequency-frequency correlation functions, which permit quantitative comparisons of the influence of NaBr concentration on the hydrogen bond dynamics. The results show that the global rearrangement of the hydrogen bond structure, which is represented by the slowest component of the spectral diffusion, slows, and its time constant increases from 1.7 to 4.8 ps as the NaBr concentration increases from pure water to approximately 6 M NaBr. Orientational relaxation is analyzed with a wobbling-in-a-cone model describing restricted orientational diffusion that is followed by complete orientational randomization described as jump reorientation. The slowest component of the orientational relaxation increases from 2.6 ps (pure water) to 6.7 ps (approximately equal to 6 M NaBr). Vibrational population relaxation of the OD stretch also slows significantly as the NaBr concentration increases.

Preparation, crystal structure and infrared spectroscopy of the new compound rubidium beryllium sulfate dihydrate, Rb 2Be(SO 4) 2·2H 2O

The solubility in the three-component system Rb 2SO 4–BeSO 4–H 2O at 25 °C was studied by the method of isothermal decrease of supersaturation. A new compound, Rb 2Be(SO 4) 2·2H 2O, is formed in a wide concentration range (from solutions containing 27.49 mass% beryllium sulfate and 20.16 mass% rubidium sulfate up to solutions containing 15.08 mass% beryllium sulfate and 39.07 mass% rubidium sulfate). Rb 2Be(SO 4) 2·2H 2O crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P2 1/ c ( a = 11.371(2) Å, b = 11.858(2) Å, c = 7.431(1) Å, β = 96.33(1), V = 996.0 Å 3, Z = 4, R1 = 0.039 for 2672 F o > 4 σ( F o) and 153 variables). The crystal structure is characterized by three-membered chain fragments, composed of a central BeO 2(H 2O) 2 polyhedron sharing corners with two SO 4 tetrahedra. These bent [Be(SO 4) 2(H 2O) 2] 2− units are linked by rubidium ions and hydrogen bonds to double layers and further to a three-dimensional framework structure. Rb 2Be(SO 4) 2·2H 2O is isotypic to the respective potassium sulfate and selenate compounds. The strengths of the hydrogen bonds in the title compound as deduced from the infrared wavenumbers of the uncoupled OD stretches of matrix-isolated HDO molecules (isotopically dilute sample) are discussed in terms of the O w⋯O hydrogen bond distances, the different hydrogen bond acceptor capabilities of the sulfate oxygen atoms and the strong Be OH 2 interactions (synergetic effect). The intramolecular O H bond lengths are derived from the ν OD versus r OH correlation curve [H.D. Lutz, C. Jung, J. Mol. Struct. 404 (1997) 63].

Stochastic simulation of chemical exchange in two dimensional infrared spectroscopy

The stochastic Liouville equations are employed to investigate the combined signatures of chemical exchange (two-state jump) and spectral diffusion (coupling to an overdamped Brownian oscillator) in the coherent response of an anharmonic vibration to three femtosecond infrared pulses. Simulations reproduce the main features recently observed in the OD stretch of phenol in benzene.

Contribution of the asymmetric stretch, ν3B1, to the fundamental Raman spectrum of water

The OD-stretching overtone from liquid D2O, 2nu, and the fundamental OD stretch from dilute HDO, both display high-frequency depolarization ratio minima, but the fundamental OD stretch from neat D2O displays a maximum, at the equivalent position. The rhoL minima arises from the decreased depolarization ratio produced by the absence of B1 modes. The fundamentals of HDO are of A species, and the 2nu overtone of D2O only involves A1 species, e.g., 2nu3B1 has A1 species via B1 x B1 = A1. A and A1 modes display small rhoL values which produce minima in rhoL near 2665 cm(-1) for HDO, and near 5250 cm(-1) for the D2O overtone. These minima give way to a depolarization ratio maximum when the depolarized, rhoL = 34, nu3B1 fundamental, makes its appearance in D2O at 2650 cm(-1). Fundamental and overtone depolarization ratios were used to determine the nu3B1 contribution to the depolarization ratio of the fundamental OD stretch; a value of approximately 28% resulted at 2655 cm(-1). Liquid H2O displays completely analogous features; a value of approximately 20% resulted for it at 3660 cm(-1). Nonhydrogen-bonded nu3B1, and more strongly hydrogen-bonded nu3B1, modes are also indicated for D2O and H2O. A rigorous test of the current results can be accomplished by measuring the depolarization ratio of the extraordinarily weak second Raman overtone, 3nu, recently detected for D2O.

Hydrogen bonding systems in metal(II) formate dihydrates, M(HCOO) 2·2H 2O (M = Mg, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn). Double matrix infrared spectroscopy

The hydrogen bond strengths in the title isomorphous compounds as deduced from the infrared wavenumbers of the respective uncoupled OD stretches of matrix-isolated HDO molecules are discussed in terms of O w⋯O hydrogen bond distances, metal–water interactions (synergetic effect) and unit-cell volumes (repulsion potential of the lattice). The ν OD stretching modes caused by guest ions (Cu 2+ and M 2+ guest ions matrix-isolated in M(HCOO) 2·2H 2O and Cu(HCOO) 2·2H 2O, respectively) are shifted at higher frequencies as compared to those in the host and the parent compounds, respectively. The values of these shifts (Δ ν) for the M OH 2⋯OCHO Cu hydrogen bond systems formed when Cu 2+ guest ions are included in the structures of M(HCOO) 2·2H 2O are considerably larger (i.e., weaker hydrogen bonds) as compared to those of the same type formed when M 2+ guest ions are included in the structure of Cu(HCOO) 2·2H 2O. A variant of double matrix infrared spectroscopy (M(HCOO) 2·2H 2O, M = Mg, Co, and Ni) with incorporated Cu 2+ ions up to 50 mol% additionally to matrix-isolated HDO molecules is proposed in order to deduce the cation distribution in mixed formates. The analysis of the infrared spectra reveals that the included Cu 2+ ions are localized at the two available lattice positions in the M(HCOO) 2·2H 2O (M = Co and Ni) host lattices and preferentially at the M(1) sites (sites with a coordination through six formate oxygen atom) in the Mg(HCOO) 2·2H 2O host lattice.

Interference effects in IR photon echo spectroscopy of liquid water

Heterodyne-detected transient grating experiments on the OH-stretch mode of HDO dissolved in ${\mathrm{D}}_{2}\mathrm{O}$ resolve two distinctly different contributions originating from the initially excited OH stretch and the OD stretch which is thermally activated during the OH population relaxation. It is demonstrated that interference of both contributions greatly affects the outcome of IR photon echo experiments.

Structure and Desorption Energetics of Ultrathin D2O Ice Overlayers on Serine- and Serinephosphate-Terminated Self-Assembled Monolayers

This paper reports on the structure and desorption dynamics of thin D2O ice overlayers (0.2-10 monolayers) deposited on serine- and serinephosphate- (with H+, Na+, Ca2+ counterions) terminated self-assembled monolayers (SAMs). The D2O ice overlayers are deposited on the SAMs at approximately 85 K in ultrahigh vacuum and characterized with infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (IRAS). Reflection absorption (RA) spectra obtained at sub-monolayer D2O coverage reveal that surface modes, e.g. free dangling OD stretch, dominate on the serine SAM surface, whereas vibrational modes characteristic for bulk ice are more prominent on the serinephosphate SAMs. Temperature programmed desorption mass spectrometry (TPD-MS) and TPD-IRAS are subsequently used to investigate the energetics and the structural transitions occurring in the ice overlayer during temperature ramping. D2O ice (approximately 2.5 monolayers) on the serine SAMs undergoes a gradual change from an amorphous- to a crystalline-like phase upon increasing the substrate temperature. This transition is not as pronounced on the serine phosphate SAM most likely because of reduced mobility due to strong pinning to the surface. We show also that the energy of desorption for a sub-monolayer of D2O ice on serinephosphate SAM surfaces with a Na+ and Ca2+ counterions is equally high or even exceeds previously reported values for analogous high-energy SAMs.

Accidental vibrational degeneracy in vibrational excited states observed with ultrafast two-dimensional IR vibrational echo spectroscopy

The coupling between the OD stretch v=2 level and benzene-ring modes in 2-methoxyphenol-OD (hydroxyl H replaced by D) is observed with ultrafast two-dimensional (2D) IR vibrational echo spectroscopy. Because of this coupling, the 1-2 transition peak in the 2D spectrum is split into a doublet with peaks of approximately equal amplitudes. Several molecules and solvents were used to study this phenomenon. Near-IR (NIR) spectroscopy measurements and density-functional theory calculations (B3LYP6-31+G(d,p) level) were also applied. Experimental results and calculations show that the OD stretch 1-2 transition is coupled to a combination band related to the benzene-ring motions. A simple quantum-mechanical model indicates that the combination band has a frequency of 5172 and 5176.5 cm(-1) in CCl4 and hexane, respectively. The transition between this combination band and the ground state is too weak to detect by NIR. The transition between this band and the OD stretch first excited state is also so weak that most of the intensity of the doublet comes from the oscillator strength produced by coupling to the OD stretch. The model gives the coupling strengths as 6.5 and 7 cm(-1) in CCl4 and hexane, respectively.

Quantitative Information about the Hydrogen Bond Strength in Dilute Aqueous Solutions of Methanol from the Temperature Dependence of the Raman Spectra of the Decoupled OD Stretch

We have obtained quantitative information about the hydrogen bond strength in pure water and in dilute aqueous solutions of methanol by analyzing the temperature dependence of Raman spectra of the decoupled OD stretch from 21 to 160 degrees C with the hydrogen bond energy dispersion method. A minimum at 2440 cm(-1) assigned to strong icelike hydrogen bonds and a maximum at 2650 cm(-1) due to maximally (but not completely) broken hydrogen bonds result in all cases. The energy of the minimum decreases upon addition of methanol due to formation of stronger water-methanol hydrogen bonds, whereas the energy of the maximum increases because water hydrogen atoms in the vicinity of the methyl group might participate in "more broken" hydrogen bonds than in bulk water.

Potassium beryllium selenate dihydrate, K 2Be(SeO 4) 2·2H 2O: Preparation, structure and infrared spectroscopy

The solubility in the three-component system K 2SeO 4–BeSeO 4–H 2O at 25 °C is studied by the method of isothermal decrease of supersaturation. A new compound, K 2Be(SeO 4) 2·2H 2O, is formed in a wide concentration range (from solutions containing 39.40 mass% beryllium selenate and 8.50 mass% potassium selenate up to solutions containing 7.02 mass% beryllium selenate and 51.14 mass% potassium selenate). K 2Be(SeO 4) 2·2H 2O crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P2 1/ c ( a=11.503(2), b=11.846(1), c=7.491(1) Å, β=95.77(1)°, V=1015.5 Å 3, Z=4, R1=0.026 for 4220 F o>4 σ( F o) and 153 variables). The crystal structure is composed of [Be(SeO 4) 2(H 2O) 2] 2− groups, formed by a BeO 4 tetrahedron sharing two corners with SeO 4 tetrahedra. These units are linked via potassium cations and comparatively strong hydrogen bonds to double layers and further to a three-dimensional framework structure. K 2Be(SeO 4) 2·2H 2O is isotypic with the corresponding sulfate compound, K 2Be(SO 4) 2·2H 2O. The strengths of the hydrogen bonds in the title compound as deduced from the infrared wavenumbers of the uncoupled OD stretches of matrix-isolated HDO molecules (isotopically dilute sample) are discussed in terms of the O w⋯O hydrogen bond distances, the different hydrogen bond acceptor capabilities of the selenate oxygen atoms and the strong Be–OH 2 interactions (synergetic effect). The intramolecular O–H bond lengths are derived from the ν OD vs. r OH correlation curve [J. Mol. Struct. 404 (1997) 63].

Infrared and Raman Line Shapes of Dilute HOD in Liquid H2O and D2O from 10 to 90 °C

A combined electronic structure/molecular dynamics approach was used to calculate infrared and isotropic Raman spectra for the OH or OD stretches of dilute HOD in D2O or H2O, respectively. The quantities needed to compute the infrared and Raman spectra were obtained from density functional theory calculations performed on clusters, generated from liquid-state configurations, containing an HOD molecule along with 4-9 solvent water molecules. The frequency, transition dipole, and isotropic transition polarizability were each empirically related to the electric field due to the solvent along the OH (or OD) bond, calculated on the H (or D) atom of interest. The frequency and transition dipole moment of the OH (or OD) stretch of the HOD molecule were found to be very sensitive to its instantaneous solvent environment, as opposed to the isotropic transition polarizability, which was found to be relatively insensitive to environment. Infrared and isotropic Raman spectra were computed within a molecular dynamics simulation by using the empirical relationships and semiclassical expressions for the line shapes. The line shapes agree well with experiment over a temperature range from 10 to 90 degrees C.

Dynamics of Nanoscopic Water: Vibrational Echo and Infrared Pump−Probe Studies of Reverse Micelles

The dynamics of water in nanoscopic pools 1.7-4.0 nm in diameter in AOT reverse micelles were studied with ultrafast infrared spectrally resolved stimulated vibrational echo and pump-probe spectroscopies. The experiments were conducted on the OD hydroxyl stretch of low-concentration HOD in the H2O, providing a direct examination of the hydrogen-bond network dynamics. Pump-probe experiments show that the vibrational lifetime of the OD stretch mode increases as the size of the reverse micelle decreases. These experiments are also sensitive to hydrogen-bond dissociation and reformation dynamics, which are observed to change with reverse micelle size. Spectrally resolved vibrational echo data were obtained at several frequencies. The vibrational echo data are compared to data taken on bulk water and on a 6 M NaCl solution, which is used to examine the role of ionic strength on the water dynamics in reverse micelles. Two types of vibrational echo measurements are presented: the vibrational echo decays and the vibrational echo peak shifts. As the water nanopool size decreases, the vibrational echo decays become slower. Even the largest nanopool (4 nm, approximately 1000 water molecules) has dynamics that are substantially slower than bulk water. It is demonstrated that the slow dynamics in the reverse micelle water nanopools are a result of confinement rather than ionic strength. The data are fit using time-dependent diagrammatic perturbation theory to obtain the frequency-frequency correlation function (FFCF) for each reverse micelle. The results are compared to the FFCF of water and show that the largest differences are in the slowest time scale dynamics. In bulk water, the slowest time scale dynamics are caused by hydrogen-bond network equilibration, i.e., the making and breaking of hydrogen bonds. For the smallest nanopools, the longest time scale component of the water dynamics is approximately 10 times longer than the dynamics in bulk water. The vibrational echo data for the smallest reverse micelle displays a dependence on the detection wavelength, which may indicate that multiple ensembles of water molecules are being observed.

Water adsorption on a p(2×2)-Ni(111)–O surface studied by surface x-ray diffraction and infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy at 25 and 140K

The adsorption of water molecules on an oxygen-predosed p(2x2)-Ni(111)-O surface was studied by surface x-ray diffraction and infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (IRAS) at temperature of 25 and 140 K. Precise structures including adsorbed water, predosed oxygen, and substrate nickel atoms at these two temperatures were determined by x-ray structural analysis. It was found that water molecules adsorb on oxygen additive sites, forming a hydrogen bond at 25 K. A predosed 2x2 oxygen atom appears to accommodate one, two, or three water molecules at positions relating to threefold rotation symmetry. When the surface temperature was raised to 140 K, water molecules appear at an atop site of Ni. The distance between Ni and the oxygen atoms of a monomer water molecule was found to be 0.2241(22) nm. The adsorbed water molecule induces buckling and a lateral shift of the substrate nickel. The IRAS results provided evidence regarding the existence of two distinct adsorption sites. Water molecules in the low-temperature phase exhibit bands from both hydrogen-bonded nuOD and free OD stretchings, while those in the high-temperature phase lie flat with a molecular plane parallel to the surface.

Dispersion of the Raman depolarization ratio of HDO in water and heavy water from 295to368K, and from concentrated NaClO4∕D2O∕H2O

The dispersion of the Raman depolarization ratio rho(L) was measured for HDO in H(2)O and in D(2)O. rho(L) for the decoupled OD stretch displays a maximum at 2575 +/- 15 cm(-1) at 296 K and a minimum at 2675 +/- 15 cm(-1), in agreement with the isosbestic point 2570 +/- 10 cm(-1), and the enthalpy dispersion maximum, 2650-2675 cm(-1), respectively. However, three extrema were uncovered in rho(L) for the OH stretch of HDO in D(2)O, and their positions agree with the frequencies of a minimum and a maximum in the enthalpy dispersion and with the isosbestic frequency. The frequency of the rho(L) maximum (OH stretch) lies just above the frequency corresponding to the joint angle-frequency probability maximum. [Lawrence and Skinner, J. Chem. Phys. 118, 264 (2003)]. The low- and high-frequency minima in rho(L) (OH stretch), correspond, respectively, to very strong H-bonds, and extremely weak, long, bent H bonds. The frequencies of the maxima and minima in rho(L) for the decoupled OH and OD stretches are independent of temperature within experimental error between 295 and 368 K. rho(L) was also measured for the OD stretch from saturated NaClO(4) in D(2)OH(2)O; it displays a maximum at 2560 +/- 20 cm(-1) and a sharp minimum at 2650 +/- 5 cm(-1). The shape of the dispersion of (betaalpha)(2) approximately rho(L) for HDO in D(2)O was calculated with the aid of the molecular dynamics results of Lawrence and Skinner. beta(2) is the anisotropic polarizability and alpha is the isotropic polarizability. A maximum resulted in the calculated dispersion at 3400 +/- 10 cm(-1), in excellent agreement with the measured maximum of 3395 +/- 15 cm(-1). The H-bond angles decrease far below 180 degrees as the OH-stretching frequency increases to 3700 cm(-1) and above. Such small H-bond angles, and very large O-O distances, are tantamount to broken H-bonds and are thought to produce the minimum in rho(L) near 2650 cm(-1).

Spectrally- and time-resolved vibrational surface spectroscopy: Ultrafast hydrogen-bonding dynamics at D2O/CaF2 interface

Time- and frequency-domain three-wave mixing spectroscopy (IR+visible sum frequency generation) is developed as the lowest-order nonlinear technique that is both surface selective and capable of measuring spectral evolution of vibrational coherences. Using 70 fs infrared and 40 fs visible pulses, we observe ultrafast spectral dynamics of the OD stretch of D2O at the CaF2 surface. Spectral shifts indicative of the hydrogen-bond network rearrangement occur on the 100 fs time scale, within the observation time window determined by the vibrational dephasing. By tuning the IR pulse wavelength to the blue or red side of the OD-stretch transition, we selectively monitor the dynamics of different subensembles in the distribution of the H-bond structures. The blue-side excitation (weaker H-bonding structures) shows monotonic decay and nu(OD) frequency shift to the red on a 100 fs time scale, which is better described by a Gaussian than an exponential frequency correlation function. In contrast, the red-side excitation (stronger H-bonding structures) results in a blue spectral shift and a recursion in the signal at 125+/-10 fs, indicating the presence of an underdamped intermolecular mode of interfacial water.

New spectroscopic method for aqueous solutions: Raman ξ-function dispersion for NaClO4 in water

A new Raman method is exemplified by xi identical with-RT[ partial differential ln(I(omega)I(REF)) partial differentialX(1)](T,P,n(2),n(3) ) for ternary NaClO(4)D(2)OH(2)O, or by xi identical with-RT[ partial differential ln(I(omega)I(REF)) partial differentialX(2)](T,P) for binary NaClO(4)H(2)O solutions. (Fundamental differences exist between xi and the chemical potential mu.) I(omega) is the Raman intensity at omega, I(REF) is the reference intensity, e.g., at the isosbestic frequency, X(2) is the H(2)O and X(1) the small D(2)O mol fraction, and n(2) and n(3) are constant mols of H(2)O and NaClO(4), respectively. Maxima (max) and minima (min) were observed in xi versus omega (cm(-1)); xi(max)-xi(min)=Deltaxi(max). Deltaxi(max)=8050+/-100 calmol H(2)O for the coupled, binary solution OH stretch, and Deltaxi(max)=4200+/-200 calmol H bond for the decoupled, ternary solution OD stretch. The perchlorate ion breaks the H bonds in water. 8050 calmol H(2)O corresponds to the maximum tetrahedral Deltaxi(max) value for two H bonds, i.e., Deltaxi(max)=4025 calmol H bond, in agreement with the HDO Deltaxi(max)=4200+/-200 calmol H bond. [Deltaxi(max) is not the H bond enthalpy (energy).] Minima occur in xi at the peak omega values corresponding to the HDOH(2)O and H(2)O ices, and maxima in xi at 2637+/-5 cm(-1) (OD) and 3575+/-10 cm(-1) (OH) correspond to the peak OD and OH stretching omega values from dense supercritical water. Enthalpy dispersion curves were also determined for saturated, binary, and ternary NaClO(4) solutions and for D(2)O in H(2)O. The xi-function method is shown to be applicable to infrared absorbance spectra.