Los sistemas agroforestales (SAF) de café son consideradas áreas que incrementan la biodiversidad de especies tanto de flora y fauna, son fuentes de ingresos económicos para las comunidades que los trabajan, así como de múltiples servicios ambientales. Con el objetivo de conocer la influencia del manejo en los SAF de café en la diversidad de especies arbóreas, se describió la composición, estructura y diversidad del estrato arbóreo en dos cafetales rusticanos, bajo condiciones de manejo: cafetal activo (CA) y cafetal abandonado (CAb), en Jocotepec, región Costa de Oaxaca. En cada condición de manejo se situaron cuatro unidades de estudio de 20 × 30 m (0.06 ha). A todos los individuos arbóreos a partir de 1.30 m del suelo se les registró el diámetro normal (DN) ≥ 2.5 cm, altura total y cobertura de copa. Se evaluó la riqueza, estructura vertical, horizontal, Índices de Valor de Importancia y Forestal (IVI e IVF); diversidad con los Índices de Simpson modificado por Pielou (1-D) y Shannon-Weaver (H´) y la equidad (E), dominancia (D) y Similitud. Se obtuvo una riqueza de 35 especies para el CA y 31 en CAb; las principales familias taxonómicas fueron Fabaceae, Lauraceae y Moraceae. En ambas condiciones de manejo la categoría diamétrica 5 (2.5‑7.5 cm) superó en número de individuos arbóreos, con una distribución de alturas que reveló la existencia de dos estratos verticales. Las especies que presentaron un alto IVI e IVF en CA fueron: Cedrela odorata, Tabebuia rosea y Quercus crispifolia y para el CAb: Quercus sp., Ficus tecolutensis y Ocotea helicterifolia. Entre CA y CAb no se presentaron diferencias en las variables evaluadas, 1-D, H´, E y D. La similitud florística entre condiciones fue del 52%.

Basic density and strength properties of Cordia africana Lam. grown in agroforestry systems in Lushoto, Tanga were determined. Six sample trees were randomly selected in the same farm at Shashui village near Soni. After measuring dbh the trees were felled and total tree height recorded. Four discs were cut at breast height, 30%, 60% and 90% of the total tree height for basic density determination. A one metre long log was cut above 1.3m for strength properties determination. A central plank measuring 6cm including pith was sawn in east-west direction from each log. Standard methods were used in determination of basic density and strength properties. The main findings of this study were as follows: Basic density was 0.40g/cm3; Basic density increased moderately from the pith to a certain point after which it remained more or less constant; Basic density decreased from the butt to the top of the tree. Mean values for modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity, maximum crushing stress and shear parallel to grain, compression stress and cleavage perpendicular to grain were lower than those for common hardwoods such as Ocotea usambarensis and Albizia spp. found in Lushoto. There was positive correlation between basic density and strength properties. It was recommended that, wood from C. africana grown in Lushoto and other areas with similar soil and climatic conditions could be used for light construction work and furniture making. It was further recommended that, more studies should be done in other geographical conditions where the species is grown so as to make concrete conclusions on efficient utilization of the species. TJFNC Vol. 75 2004: pp. 37-43

Coclaurine from Ocotea duckei

Structural behavior for five layers of the vegetation and tree community structure (DAP > 10cm), the classification and ordination of the floristic component and dynamic succession was evaluated in the high zone of a brook El Tigre, Norcasia Caldas, by eight hazard sampling of a 1000 m 2 each one. The results of the classification defined the alliance Ingo codonanthae - Vismion guianensis and the associations -Schefflero morototoni Schizolobietum parahybi and Cariniano piriformydis - Cordietum alliodorae. Moreover, meeting a community less development determine by Dendropanax arboreus - Euterpe precatoria. Three layers were difference with the tree lower layers more dominant. The specie obtained the larger IPF and IVI of the forest sinusie is facaranda copaia. Ocotea longifolia and Inga codonantha were dominant in the sociologic position. The IVIA was larger for Ocotea longifolia. The distributions in class to the forest sinusie define an inverse j. After of the ordination was definea a correlation between the hazards and the slope, arid a negative correlation between the slope and the basis saturation in the sames. The limited number of layers near to the dominion the ecological society heliofilos and hemisciofilos in the canopy and esciofilo in the low layers, determine an intermediate sucesional development of the vegetation.

The leaves of Ocotea acutangula(Mez) contain, in addition to the known (S)-(–)-pallidine (5) and its new derivative (S)-(–)-O-methylpallidine (6), the new 8,14-dihydromorphinandienone alkaloids (S)-(–)pallidinine (7) and (S)-(–)-O-methylpallidinine (8) which possess a B/Ctrans-junction.

Ocotea cymbarum oil

Ocotea cymbarum oil

Leucoxylonine and Ocoxylonine — Hexaoxygenated Aporphines from Ocotea leucoxylon

Ocotea alkaloids: variabiline, a novel aminoaporphine

Ocotea alkaloids: The characterization and structures of four new aporphine bases