Object-oriented Programming Tools Research Articles

Vectorized Numerical Algorithms to Solve Internal Problems of Computational Fluid Dynamics

The opportunities provided by new information technologies, object-oriented programming tools, and modern operating systems for solving boundary value problems in CFD described by partial differential equations are discussed. An approach to organizing vectorized calculations and implementing finite-difference methods for solving boundary value problems in CFD is considered. Vectorization in CFD problems, eliminating nested loops, is ensured through the appropriate data organization and the use of vectorized operations with arrays. The implementation of numerical algorithms with vectorized mesh structures, including access to internal and boundary mesh cells, is discussed. Specific examples are reported and the implementation of the developed computational algorithms is discussed. Despite the fact that the capabilities of the developed algorithms are illustrated by solving benchmark CFD problems, they enable a relatively simple generalization to more complex problems described by three-dimensional equations.

Вычислительный эксперимент – обезразмеривание уравнений, вычислительная устойчивость и тестирование программ

From the stages of the computational experiment, the stage of non-dimensionalization of the initial equation (system of equations) of the problem is considered - the replacement of its variables by the product of the corresponding dimensionless quantities by their units of measurement with subsequent transformations. Such a transition from a physical model to a mathematical (dimensionless) one makes it possible to obtain software implementations for research. A critical evaluation of its complexity is carried out and possible errors in the results are evaluated. At the same time, new versions of software are formed. Object-oriented programming tools and version control systems (for example, git) allow you to create versions of software tools adapted to different conditions of their use and for different types of users. Parallelization of work on versions is carried out. At the same time, for further software implementation, the set-theoretic language of formulas with partially recursive functions is effective. To implement versions with large amounts of calculations and data, high-performance computing systems based on software and hardware acceleration, parallel information processing and cloud architectures are used. As a rule, a difference model of the problem and iterative methods for solving it are constructed for a program version. Computational stability conditions are usually stipulated in modern instructions for standard program libraries. For new algorithms, it is necessary to analyze the stability of difference schemes based on the refinement of their spectral properties and the use of functional analysis methods. For storage and subsequent application of the results of computational experiments, it is advisable to use modern databases. As a kind of computational experiment, testing of alpha and beta versions of programs and their releases is also considered.

A Java typestate checker supporting inheritance

Detecting programming errors in software is increasingly important, and building tools that help developers with this task is a crucial area of investigation on which the industry depends. Leveraging on the observation that in Object-Oriented Programming ( OOP ) it is natural to define stateful objects where the safe use of methods depends on their internal state, we present Java Typestate Checker ( JATYC ), a tool that verifies Java source code with respect to typestates. A typestate defines the object's states, the methods that can be called in each state, and the states resulting from the calls. The tool statically verifies that when a Java program runs: sequences of method calls obey to object's protocols; objects' protocols are completed; null-pointer exceptions are not raised; subclasses' instances respect the protocol of their superclasses. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first OOP tool that simultaneously tackles all these aspects. • Java Typestate Checker is a tool that verifies Java code with respect to typestates. • It verifies that sequences of method calls obey to object's protocols. • It verifies that objects' protocols are completed. • It verifies that null-pointer exceptions are not raised. • It verifies that subclasses' instances respect the protocol of their superclasses.

Vectorized numerical algorithms for the solution of continuum mechanics problems

The aim of the work is to study the possibilities provided by new information technologies, object-oriented programming tools and modern operating systems for solving boundary value problems of continuum mechanics described by partial differential equations. To discretize the basic equations, we applied the method of finite differences and finite volumes, which are widely used to solve problems in the mechanics of liquids and gases. The paper considers the implementation of the finite difference methods and the finite volume method with vectorized grid structures, including access to the inner and boundary cells of the grid, as well as the features of the implementation of algorithms at singular points of the computational domain. To solve boundary value problems described by partial differential equations, we developed an approach to the construction of vectorized algorithms and considered the features of their software implementation in the MATLAB package. Vectorization in such tasks, excluding nested loops, is ensured by appropriate data organization and the use of vectorized operations. On the one hand, the developed algorithms widely use MATLAB functions designed for processing vectors and sparse matrices, and on the other hand, they are distinguished by high efficiency and computation speed, comparable to those of programs written in C/C++. The main results imply the numerical solution of a number of problems in continuum mechanics associated with the calculation of stresses in a separate body and the calculation of the field of velocity and temperature in the flow of a viscous incompressible fluid. The features of discretization of the basic equations and the implementation of the corresponding finite-difference and finite-volume algorithms are shown. The use of the MATLAB system opens up new possibilities for the formalization and implementation of finite-difference and finite-volume methods for the numerical solution of boundary value problems in continuum mechanics. Despite the fact that the capabilities of the developed algorithms are illustrated by the example of solving fairly simple problems, they admit a relatively simple generalization to more complex problems, for example, solving the Euler equations and Navier–Stokes equations. As part of the work, computational modules were prepared with user programming tools that expand the capabilities of the package and are focused on solving problems in continuum mechanics.

Optimization of statistical processing of clinical and laboratory data in acute poisoning

The article describes a specialized software application developed by the authors that summarizes the long-term experience of analyzing clinical and laboratory data in clinical toxicology using Microsoft’s Visual Basic for Applications object-oriented programming tools in Excel. The main purpose of the application is a significant (5-10 times) acceleration of the implementation of the complex of the most commonly used statistical algorithms. The application calculates descriptive sample characteristics, identifies deviations of sample distributions from the normal law by several generally accepted criteria, performs statistical comparison of data matrices by several criteria, and automatically generates a number of tables ready for placement in scientific texts for various purposes in Microsoft Word format. The presentation of the output data makes it easy to verify the results of calculations by comparing them with the output forms of the Statistica application software package. The acceleration of obtaining the final result is achieved: 1 – due to the absence of the need to move data from Excel to the package of applied statistical programs; 2 – as a result of automating the determination of task parameters by means of special color markup; 3 – by combining a limited number of the most commonly used statistical methods into one immutable complex; 4 – as a result of the software implementation of statistical comparison of all possible combinations of data matrices involved in the study for a set of indicators as a single operation that does not require user intervention; 5 – due to the application’s use of syntactic transformations of output data and automatic table formation by filling in ready-made templates with calculation results.

Visualization of multidimensional numerical arrays of solid-state objects

This article is intended for math and computer science subjects study deepening and understanding of multidimensional computer graphics environment. The paper describes multidimensional numeric arrays visualization using object-oriented programming tools. The method allows the multidimensional numeric arrays stored data to simulate virtual reality products which, in turn, can become the reference now intensively developed new embedded system components. Shown an another option to simulate the multidimensional visual objects that may be transformed from capturing or graphically present on the computer screen using a new computational mathematics packages for solving advancedcomputer graphics tasks. It seems comfortable to use new estimated mathematics programs and packages, which already are enriched with digital image processing tools, allowing create a various objects of the real world.

Knowledge management in image-based analysis of blood vessel structures

We have detected the lack of a widely accepted knowledge representation model in the area of Blood Vessel analysis. We find that such a tool is needed for the future development of the field and our own research efforts. It will allow easy reuse of software pieces through appropriate abstractions, facilitating the development of innovative methods, procedures and applications. We include a thorough review of vascular morphology image analysis. After the identification of the key representation elements and operations, we propose a Vessel Knowledge Representation (VKR) model that would fill this gap. We give insights into its implementation based on standard Object-Oriented Programming tools and paradigms. The VKR would easily integrate with existing medical imaging and visualization software platforms, such as the Insight ToolKit (ITK) and Visualization Toolkit (VTK).

Retrospective collection, arrangement and application of traditional Chinese medicine statistical data

The data on Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has not been fully exploited,resulting in the gap between the storage and usage of the TCM data resources. The study on the retrospective collection, arrangement and application of Traditional Chinese Medicine Statistical Data aims to enhance the usage of TCM data, basing on the collection and arrangement of the authoritative TCM data, common analysis of the TCM data from the founding of the People Republic of China.A pilot TCM Statistics Information Database and a TCM Health Statistics Data Query System have been established with the computer database technology, the object-oriented programming tool (C#) and the Internet Browser-based presentation programming tool (ASP. Net), providing the initial functions of the data retrieval and the graphical presentation of the search results on TCM statistics data. This paper explores statistical data-oriented with attributes description as the idea to establish the database of complex data, with the solution of the data problems such as numerous of data, diverse of data units, lack of regularity and hard to be classified. The study realizes the building of TCM Statistics Information Database and the retrieval finction of TCM data, which lays a foundation on the building of Traditional Chinese Medicine Industry Statistics Database and the information services of TCM statistics data in the future. Key words: Health Statistics; Database; Data Arrangement; Programming Technology; Application Research; Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)

Bayes linear analysis for graphical models: The geometric approach to local computation and interpretive graphics

This paper concerns the geometric treatment of graphical models using Bayes linear methods. We introduce Bayes linear separation as a second order generalised conditional independence relation, and Bayes linear graphical models are constructed using this property. A system of interpretive and diagnostic shadings are given, which summarise the analysis over the associated moral graph. Principles of local computation are outlined for the graphical models, and an algorithm for implementing such computation over the junction tree is described. The approach is illustrated with two examples. The first concerns sales forecasting using a multivariate dynamic linear model. The second concerns inference for the error variance matrices of the model for sales, and illustrates the generality of our geometric approach by treating the matrices directly as random objects. The examples are implemented using a freely available set of object-oriented programming tools for Bayes linear local computation and graphical diagnostic display.

Architecture-oriented visualization

Tracking the changing dynamics of object-oriented frameworks[5], design patterns[7], architectural styles[8], and subsystems during the development and reuse cycle can aid producing complex systems. Unfortunately, current object-oriented programming tools are relatively oblivious to the rich architectural abstractions in a system.This paper shows that architecture-oriented visualization, the graphical presentation of system statics and dynamics in terms of its architectural abstractions, is highly beneficial in designing complex systems. In addition, the paper presents architecture-aware instrumentation, a new technique for building efficient on-line instrumentation to support architectural queries. We demonstrate the effectiveness and performance of the scheme with case studies in the design of the Choices object-oriented operating system.

Object-oriented approach to fast display of electrophysiological data under MS-Windows ™

Microcomputers provide neuroscientists an alternative to a host of laboratory equipment to record and analyze electrophysiological data. Object-oriented programming tools bring an essential link between custom needs for data acquisition and analysis with general software packages. In this paper, we outline the layout of basic objects that display and manipulate electrophysiological data files. Visual inspection of the recordings is a basic requirement of any data analysis software. We present an approach that allows flexible and fast display of large data sets. This approach involves constructing an intermediate representation of the data in order to lower the number of actual points displayed while preserving the aspect of the data. The second group of objects is related to the management of lists of data files. Typical experiments designed to test the biological activity of pharmacological products include scores of files. Data manipulation and analysis are facilitated by creating multi-document objects that include the names of all experiment files. Implementation steps of both objects are described for an MS-Windows TM hosted application.

NeXTSTEP Programming, Step One: Object-Oriented Applications

NeXTSTEP is the central software of the NeXT workstation. It combines object-oriented programming tools, interface customizing utilities, a multitasking Unix operating system, built-in networking, multimedia connections and display Postscript for showing the screen exactly what will be printed out paper. It makes programming faster and smoother than other systems platforms. It is so unique, that NeXT Computer, Inc, will be making the 3.0 Version of this software available for users working other platforms, specifically the Intel 486 PC machines, thereby enormously broadening the potential usership for NeXTSTEP. The book by Garfinkel and Mahoney will be the first comprehensive work dealing with the 3.0 version of the NeXTSTEP in the context of writing programming applications with it. Garfinkel, an experienced author and Senior Editor of NeXTWORLD magazine, has joined forces with an experienced computer scientist and NeXT User Programme Director, Mahoney, to create this authoritative, hands on work for all NeXT users and developers desiring to programme in this object-oriented environment.

The Role of Evolutionary Inheritance in Developing Knowledge Bases for Conceptual Design of Engineering Products

SUMMARY This paper examines some software techniques for transmitting engineering design knowledge and reviews options among knowledge representation systems for communicating computer-aided design conceptually. The authors present their own particular variant of object-oriented programming tool, which is motivated by an interest in integrating computer-aided engineering (CAE) software with a mechanism for controlling and monitoring user/system interactions. The tool reflects the view that educational purposes require freedom from the requirement to anticipate user needs and responses, i.e. that CAE systems and educational systems need to evolve in a malleable way in order to allow integration. The authors’ agenda is to provide a software user with facilities for constructing a useful model of any design concept from the point of view that the concept should emerge in as easy a manner as the user can describe it. The user's description of the concept, when assimilated by software machinery, constructs tha...

On the Use of Object-Oriented Paradigm in a Distributed Problem Solver

In this paper, characteristics of the portable BEEF frame system are described. BEEF --and frame systems in general --are presened as powerful object-oriented programming tools. Their use as the implementation vehicle of distributed problem-solving systems is especially advocated. An analogy between object-oriented message passing and a method for distributing problem solving intelligence is emphasized.