Understanding healthy eating intentions and behaviour through an extended theory of planned behaviour: the role of sustainability beliefs.

This study investigated the drivers of dietary protein intake among healthy Danish older adults ( n = 57; aged 65–74). The median estimated protein intake of the participants was 0.75 g/kg adjusted body weight/day, well below the recommended 1.0–1.2 g/kg/day for this age group. Participants were categorized into lower (<0.8 g/kg/day protein) and higher (≥0.8 g/kg/day protein) protein intake groups. Despite the generally low protein intake, all participants reported a low perceived need for dietary improvement. There were no significant differences between the low and high protein groups in either subjective or objective nutrition knowledge, nor in emotional experience during grocery shopping. In contrast, participants in the higher protein intake group showed significantly greater well-being, including greater life satisfaction ( p = 0.035). These findings suggest that emotional and psychological well-being may be more strongly associated with total dietary protein intake than subjective and objective knowledge. Although participants demonstrated some awareness that certain fermented dairy products are high in protein, these products remained underutilized, contributing only modestly to overall intake. We suggest that further research is needed about the effectiveness of healthy aging promotion, which may depend on personalized, emotionally resonant communication strategies, including messaging that emphasizes immediate quality of life. • Most healthy Danish older adults consumed less protein than recommended for their age. • Higher protein intake was associated with greater life satisfaction and well-being. • Subjective and objective nutrition knowledge did not differ between lower- and higher protein intake groups. • Emotional experience during grocery shopping was not related to protein intake. • Fermented dairy products were perceived as protein-rich but contributed modestly to intake.

Guiding generation Z to healthier beverages: Exploratory comparative RCT findings on four front-of-package labels in a policy-gap context.

To identify facilitators and barriers to home eating behaviors related to dietary management in patients with heart failure (HF) by comparing patient narratives and healthcare expert (HCE) perspectives against a patient-derived thematic framework. We conducted a qualitative descriptive study using semi-structured interviews with patients with HF living at home (or planned discharge home) and HCEs involved in HF/dietary support. Data were collected at two collaborating hospitals in Japan (August 30, 2023 to May 2, 2024). Patient-derived themes/subthemes were developed first, and HCE narratives were then compared and coded against this structure to identify similarities and divergences. Seven patients with HF and six HCEs participated. Qualitative analysis yielded two domains (facilitators and barriers), five themes, and 23 subthemes. Facilitators included "External Support" and "Personal Capability and Internal Motivation" (e.g., family involvement/support, healthcare-provider guidance, and health-aligned home cooking). Barriers clustered into "Intrapersonal Factors," "Interpersonal and Social Factors," and "Contextual and Physical Limitations," capturing psychological burden and preferences, family/social situations, and socioeconomic constraints, and disruptions such as weather/seasonal patterns and fatigue-related limitations. The comparison revealed that while patients focused on practical habituation, physical effort, and maintaining interpersonal harmony, experts prioritized nutritional knowledge and broader socioeconomic or clinical risks. To bridge these differing perspectives, future research should focus on developing a brief self-assessment tool that encompasses both patients' lived experiences and expert-identified risks, enabling personalized dietary management tailored to patients' daily realities.

This study explores generational differences in maternal health practices among Vietnamese mothers of children with orofacial clefts (OFCs) living in rural communities in Vietnam. Through narrative interviews with 21 mothers and five physicians, it highlights significant gaps in prenatal nutrition knowledge, barriers to diagnostic tools, and the conflict between traditional health practices and contemporary medical advice. This study employed a narrative research methodology in combination with minimal semi-structured interviews using a topics guided technique to explore individuals' stories, perceptions, and experiences related to having children with OFCs. Eligibility criteria included Vietnamese mothers aged 45 + years who bore children with OFCs; Vietnamese mothers < 45 years of age who bore children with OFCs; and physicians practicing in Vietnam who provide prenatal care. Participants meeting the criteria were presented with a series of open-ended questions focusing on their folic acid consumption, access to healthcare, physician recommendations, cultural health practices, and the impact of social determinants of health during pregnancy. The research brings together insights from mothers and physicians, highlighting complex issues surrounding maternal health and OFCs. Physicians emphasized the importance of folic acid supplementation and early detection, while mothers revealed challenges stemming from poverty, health literacy gaps, and stigma. Improving maternal health and shifting perceptions of OFCs requires more than education and awareness. The findings underscore the need for culturally sensitive health education, expanded healthcare access, and strategies addressing social and structural determinants to improve maternal care and reduce OFC prevalence in Vietnam. Public health campaigns targeting pregnant women on the benefits of nutrients like folic acid, calcium, and vitamin A is crucial, but must be developed in collaboration with members or community service organizations based in those communities. The many traditional community practices that are protective of moms and babies must be strengthened while offering science-based guidance to counter traditional beliefs that are harmful. Expanding affordable healthcare access and outreach for low-income families is essential to address barriers and promote better outcomes. Registerd through the Kansas University Medical Center Institutional Review Board on May 1, 2024. IRB study number STUDY00160310.

BackgroundPoor dietary habits due to inappropriate nutritional knowledge are becoming a major contributor to the development of chronic diseases, and these habits usually develop in the university years.AimsThis study aims to investigate the influence of nutritional knowledge on eating patterns and the barriers inhibiting the adoption of healthy eating practices among university students in Lahore, Pakistan.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among university students enrolled in various disciplines. Data on sociodemographic characteristics, eating practices, nutrition knowledge, and barriers to healthy eating were collected using a structured questionnaire validated through rigorous reviews by experts and pilot-tested to ensure its clarity, relevance, and reliability.ResultsOut of 397 students, about half reported consuming fast food (52.4%), snacks (66.2%), and sugary drinks (62.2%). Many students mentioned following a vegetarian (27.9%) and gluten-free diet (11.8%). There was a low consumption of fruits (10.1%) and vegetables (10.1%) daily. Most students demonstrated moderately healthy eating practices with moderate nutrition knowledge (75.8%), while a relatively small proportion (15.9%) practiced healthy eating with good nutrition knowledge. Nevertheless, barriers like lack of time (30%), less availability of healthy food on campus (61.2%), and high cost of healthy foods (75.8%) hindered the implementation of nutrition knowledge into practice.ConclusionThe results support that incorporating nutrition knowledge in health education campaigns for students will encourage healthy eating practices. However, to achieve meaningful outcomes, efforts should be made to address the behavioral and environmental barriers that hinder the translation of nutrition knowledge into actual practice.

Reliable tools to quantify nutrition knowledge are crucial for planning education and prevention. We developed the Questionario delle Conoscenze Alimentari Italiano (QCAI) for Italian adults and assessed its reliability. A convenience sample of 165 participants (18-89 years; 70.9% women) completed a self-administered, 69-item questionnaire organized into four content sections (experts' recommendations; nutrient content of foods; healthy choices; meal frequency and labels) plus demographics. Participants completed the questionnaire at baseline (T0) and again after seven days (T1) under identical conditions. Internal consistency was evaluated with Cronbach's alpha (and KR-20 for dichotomous items). Temporal stability was assessed with intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC<inf>(2,1)</inf>) for section and total scores, Cohen's kappa (κ) for items, and Bland-Altman analysis. Total-scale internal consistency was acceptable (Cronbach's α=0.757 for available items), but domain-level α values were heterogeneous and in some sections low (α: 0.307-0.638), indicating limited coherence of some subscales. Test-retest stability for the total score was moderate (ICC<inf>(2,1)</inf>=0.62), and 64.29% of items showed at least moderate agreement (κ≥0.40). Age-stratified analyses showed no linear trend in the total score across groups (18-39, 40-59, ≥60; P<inf>trend</inf>=0.26). QCAI is a low-cost instrument that shows moderate temporal stability and acceptable reliability for the total score in Italian adults. However, the low internal consistency observed in some domains limits the interpretability of section scores and highlights the need for item refinement and formal validation (content, construct, and criterion validity) against established measures before routine clinical or public-health use.

Management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in older adults remains suboptimal, often due to a fragmented, acute-care-focused approach that fails to address the comprehensive needs of patients across the care continuum. A thorough understanding of the patient journey is essential to identify systemic gaps and potential intervention points. This study aims to systematically map the complete cycle of the COPD patient journey in older adults, elucidating their multidimensional needs, challenges, and critical touchpoints throughout the stages of screening, diagnosis, inpatient care, and home-based rehabilitation. A qualitative descriptive study employing patient journey mapping. A qualitative approach was used, involving in-depth, semi-structured interviews with a purposive sample of older COPD patients. Data collection continued until thematic saturation was achieved. Data were analysed using Braun and Clarke's thematic analysis technique. Patient journey mapping synthesized individual narratives into a consolidated visual representation, identifying key stages, touchpoints, and barriers within the patient experience. Analysis revealed themes organized across three dimensions: health management tasks, emotional experiences, and pain points. Key findings included challenges in early symptom recognition and diagnosis, ongoing burdens associated with symptom management, barriers to engaging in pulmonary rehabilitation, inadequate social and professional support, nutritional knowledge gaps, and pervasive concerns regarding physical activity. These themes contributed to a comprehensive patient journey map that highlighted the dynamic and interdependent needs throughout the various phases of COPD management. Patient journey mapping illustrates that the COPD care pathway constitutes a prolonged process, marked by critical vulnerabilities during diagnosis and care transitions. These findings highlight the necessity of transitioning from episodic care to continuous support frameworks that integrate digital health solutions, self-management education, and community-based services. This study offers empirical evidence to inform the development of targeted interventions and optimize resource allocation, ultimately aiming to improve self-management outcomes, reduce complications, and enhance the quality of life for older adults with COPD. This study adhered to the COREQ (Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research) guidelines to ensure methodological transparency and reproducibility.

This cross-sectional study examined the relationships among nutritional knowledge, eating disorder symptoms, orthorexia-related scores, and body satisfaction among Turkish adults. A total of 1,457 adults aged 19-64 years completed an online questionnaire including the Nutrition Knowledge Scale, Eating Attitudes Test-40, ORTO-11 Orthorexia Scale, and Body Satisfaction Scale. Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation analyses, and hierarchical multiple regression analyses were conducted. The mean Nutrition Knowledge Scale score was 81.42 ± 17.61, and 46.3% of participants were classified as having low nutritional knowledge. After adjustment for demographic, health, and lifestyle covariates, higher nutritional knowledge was significantly associated with lower Eating Attitudes Test-40 scores (β = -0.151, p < 0.001), higher ORTO-11 scores (β = 0.126, p < 0.001), and higher Body Satisfaction Scale scores (β = 0.133, p < 0.001). These findings suggest that nutritional knowledge may be linked to fewer disordered eating symptoms and greater body satisfaction. However, interpretation of the ORTO-11 findings requires caution because lower ORTO-11 scores indicate greater orthorexia risk in the original scoring direction. Nutrition education programs should therefore promote accurate knowledge while also supporting flexible eating attitudes, positive body image, and psychological well-being. Future longitudinal studies using updated orthorexia assessment tools are needed to clarify causal pathways and the role of cultural and psychosocial mediators.

ABSTRACTBackground and AimsWhole‐grain bread is rich in fiber and micronutrients, yet student consumption is low and linked to poor health outcomes. This study evaluates students' nutritional knowledge, perceived barriers to whole‐grain bread consumption, and overall dietary habits at Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences.MethodsA cross‑sectional study of 567 students (408 undergraduates, 159 postgraduates) assessed knowledge, barriers, and dietary habits using a validated questionnaire. Two trained nutritionists conducted face‑to‑face interviews. The questionnaire was pretested in 50 students; the barriers section showed high reliability (α = 0.88) and CVI/CVR = 1.ResultsOf 567 students, 239 (42.15%) rarely consumed whole‑grain bread, 144 (25.4%) consumed it 1–2 times per month, and 184 (32.45%) consumed it ≥ 1–3 times per week. Mean knowledge and barrier scores were 13.88 and 18.53, respectively. Significant associations were found between whole‑grain consumption and education status (p = 0.04), knowledge (< 0.001), barriers (p < 0.001), sugar‑sweetened beverage (SSB) intake (p = 0.04), and the number of main meals per day (p = 0.006). Positive correlations with knowledge (r = 0.196) and negative correlations with barriers (r = −0.422) were observed (both p < 0.001). Higher knowledge was associated with greater dairy intake (OR = 1.194; 95% CI: 1.079–1.321), while barriers correlated negatively with vegetable (OR = 0.943; 95% CI: 0.907–0.980), fruit (OR = 0.941; 95% CI: 0.910–0.974), and dairy intake (OR = 0.938; 95% CI: 0.906–0.972), and positively with sweet/salty snacks (OR = 1.067; 95% CI: 1.029–1.105).ConclusionStudents showed moderate to high awareness of whole‐grain bread benefits; however, low consumption was associated with accessibility and price. Higher whole‐grain bread intake was associated with better overall dietary quality.

The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between e-healthy diet literacy and sustainable nutrition behaviors in pregnant women. This study was a descriptive correlational study. Data were collected via self-report using a Personal Information Form, the e-Healthy Diet Literacy Questionnaire (e-HDLQ) and the Sustainable Nutrition Behavior Scale (SNBS). The study population consisted of all pregnant women living in Konya/Türkiye, and the sample included 290 pregnant women over the age of 18 who voluntarily agreed to participate and were able to read and understand Turkish, the language of the questionnaire. The total e-HDLQ score of the participants was 29.37±6.91 (min=13, max=46), and the total SNBS score was 109.18±17.07 (min=37, max=145). Weak but statistically significant associations were observed between the total e-HDLQ score and the SNBS sub-dimensions of food preference (r=0.119) and food purchase (r=0.117) (p<0.05). Additionally, weak but statistically significant associations were identified between the e-HDLQ appraising sub-dimension and the total SNBS score (r=0.125), its food preference sub-dimension (r=0.134), and food waste reduction sub-dimension (r=0.119) (p<0.05). Multiple linear regression analyses showed that age, education level, history of having a low-birth-weight baby, and food preference and food purchase sub-dimensions positively predicted e-HDLQ, whereas knowledge of nutrition and seasonal and local food consumption sub-dimension were negatively associated. For SNBS, the appraising sub-dimension positively predicted behavior, while higher education level was negatively associated. he study shows that pregnant women's e-healthy diet literacy is weakly but significantly associated with various aspects of sustainable nutrition behaviors.

Food literacy is important for understanding the factors that determine food choices, eating behaviors, and diet quality. However, few studies have examined the relationship between food literacy, diet quality, and food consumption. The present study aimed to examine this relationship in an adult population. This cross-sectional study included 639 adults (50.2% female; age range: 19-65 years) at Ondokuz Mayıs University in Samsun, Türkiye. Participants completed the Short Form of Food Literacy (SFLQ). Anthropometric measurements and 24-h food recall were recorded. Diet quality was assessed using the Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2015. Total scores for vegetables and seafood and plant proteins (HEI-2015 components) were higher in the adequate-excellent food literacy group (2.9±2.25 vs 2.5±1.85, p=0.041 and 12.8±12.51 vs 11.0±10.58, p= 0.040). Conversely, the refined grain scores were higher in the inadequate-limited food literacy group (3.6±5.77 vs 4.5±5.67, p=0.041). In the regression model, the SFLQ score was positively associated with HEI-2015 scores (β=0.364, p=0.026) and total vegetable consumption (β=0.029, p=0.015). For each 1-point increase in the SFLQ score, the HEI-2015 score increased by 0.364 points on average (β = 0.364, p=0.026). Furthermore, SFLQ scores were negatively associated with refined grain scores (β= -0.107, p=0.001) and added sugar scores (β= -0.021, p=0.042). Food literacy is an important factor associated with diet quality. Enhancing nutrition knowledge, skills, and attitudes in adults may contribute to healthier eating behaviors.

Role of plant nutritional balance under combined abiotic stress conditions, and stress mitigation strategies.

ABSTRACT This study examines the research published on school meal programs in Türkiye through the lenses of Bronfenbrenner’s socio-ecological model and Fraser’s social justice framework. Following PRISMA 2020 guidelines, 21 studies published after 2000 were analyzed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Findings reveal a fragmented research landscape dominated by individual-level nutrition education interventions, with limited attention to institutional, community, and policy dimensions. Persistent disparities between public and private schools, urban and rural areas, and socio-economic groups highlight significant distributive and recognitive justice gaps. While some interventions improve short-term nutritional knowledge, evidence on long-term outcomes and inter-ministerial coordination remains scarce.

Adolescent pregnancy is associated with heightened nutritional vulnerabilities due to the concurrent demands of adolescent growth and fetal development. Despite the critical importance of adequate dietary intake during this period, dietary practices among pregnant adolescents in rural Ghanaian settings are poorly understood. This study assessed dietary practices, nutritional knowledge, and socio-economic and cultural influencing factors among pregnant adolescents in North Dayi District, Volta Region, Ghana. A qualitative study design was employed, using in-depth interviews with eleven (11) pregnant adolescents aged 16-19 years. Participants were recruited via a combination of purposive and snowball sampling from rural communities in North Dayi District. Data were collected using a semi-structured interview guide and analysed using Braun and Clarke's six-phase thematic analysis framework. The Health Belief Model (HBM) provided the theoretical framework for interpreting how adolescents' perceptions of susceptibility, barriers, benefits, and self-efficacy shaped their dietary behaviours. Three overarching themes emerged: (1) dietary habits centred on starchy staples (banku, kenkey, rice, fufu) with reportedly limited dietary diversity and irregular meal patterns; (2) severely limited nutritional knowledge, with most participants unable to define a balanced diet or identify pregnancy-appropriate foods despite attending antenatal care (ANC); and (3) multiple intersecting barriers to adequate nutrition, including financial constraints, cultural food taboos, limited household decision-making autonomy, and reportedly inadequate dietary counselling at ANC. Food cravings frequently went unmet due to financial limitations, and ANC services reportedly focused predominantly on hygiene and medication rather than dietary guidance. Pregnant adolescents in North Dayi District face significant dietary challenges stemming from poverty, knowledge gaps, cultural food restrictions, and perceived inadequate health system support. Current ANC nutrition education approaches appear insufficiently tailored to the needs of this population. Comprehensive, multi-level interventions may be needed, including food assistance programmes, adolescent-friendly nutrition education, enhanced health worker training, family engagement strategies, and policy reforms addressing adolescent-specific nutritional needs.

This study assessed the impact of a newly created set of video-based nutrition education cases on dental hygiene students' knowledge, skills, and perceptions. A pre/post study design examined changes in students' knowledge, skills, and perceptions from baseline traditional lecture-style classes (2020) to post-implementation of the new curriculum (2021). The technology-enhanced curriculum required online previewing, in-class discussions, and assessment of three nutrition cases. UBC's Behavioural Research Ethics Board (H20-00358) approved this project. A 5-point Likert scale used in the baseline (n = 23) and post surveys (n = 25) showed a range of responses to 15 variables, including dental hygiene students' working knowledge of nutrition, attitudes toward peer-to-peer education, and abilities to work on interdisciplinary healthcare teams. The statements with highest agreement were: I had to prepare for class in order to be successful (p = 0.006); Teaching and learning methods promoted understanding and application of key concepts (p = 0.042); and Course work facilitated critical thinking and problem solving (p = 0.001). Open-ended comments from both cohorts favoured more opportunities for case discussions and social exchanges with each other to better understand the fundamentals of nutrition education. The new curriculum improved measured outcomes while retaining student interest in both online and classroom settings. The development of the video-based case studies fostered interprofessional collaboration between dietetic and dental hygiene students, and the implementation improved students' educational experiences and development of professional skills.

Optimizing physical performance in youth football requires a comprehensive understanding of the interplay among behavioural factors, structural body composition, and functional cardiorespiratory capacity. While sports nutrition knowledge is hypothesized to influence athletic development, its concurrent relationships with regional body compartments and objective cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) metrics remain poorly characterized in adolescent athletes. A cross-sectional study approach analysed body composition via bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), maximal cardiorespiratory testing, and sports nutrition knowledge evaluation using the Nutrition for Sport Knowledge Questionnaire (NSKQ). Structural associations and functional predictive capacities were analysed. The cohort demonstrated an average VO2max of 51.18 ± 16.67 mL/kg/min and a mean total nutrition knowledge score of 43.56 ± 18.06 out of 81 (53.8%). Total and domain-specific nutrition knowledge scores were not associated with body mass index (BMI), fat-free mass (FFM), or fat-free mass percentage (FFM%). Higher nutrition knowledge scores were independently associated with superior VO2max and anaerobic threshold (AT) metrics. Exploratory geographic analyses revealed that rural-residing participants possessed significantly higher cardiorespiratory performance values and greater baseline nutrition knowledge profiles than their urban peers. In adolescent male football players, sports nutrition knowledge was not associated with static body composition measures but showed exploratory positive associations with selected cardiorespiratory fitness markers. These findings should be interpreted as cross-sectional and hypothesis-generating, as some potential confounding mediators were not assessed. These findings suggest that higher sports nutrition literacy may serve as a starting point for performance-supportive behaviours and metabolic conditioning, to some degree, warranting future interventional studies.

Child undernutrition remains a significant public health challenge in many low and middle-income countries (LMICs), including Lao PDR, where high levels persist even in urban areas with generally available and accessible food. This study aimed to explore factors underlying the persistently high rates of undernutrition among young children in urban (Saysetha) and peri-urban (Pakgneum) districts of the Vientiane Capital in Lao PDR. A cross-sectional survey employed a sequential explanatory mixed-methods approach, combining a structured questionnaire of 333 mother–child pairs for quantitative analysis with semi-structured interviews of 47 caregivers for qualitative insights. The prevalence of malnutrition among children under 24 months in Vientiane Capital was 27.3% for stunting, 4.2% for wasting, 14.4% for underweight, and 5.11% for overweight. Multiple logistic regression was applied to identify factors associated with malnutrition, while qualitative data were thematically analyzed. The principal findings revealed that, beyond food access, the quality of caregiving and, critically, caregivers’ capacity to translate nutrition knowledge into effective practices distinguished well-nourished from undernourished children. Caregivers of better-nourished children obtained health and nutrition information from diverse sources, whereas those of undernourished children relied mainly on health services. In conclusion, strengthening practical nutrition communication in various methods and channels, such as through videos and demonstrations, and enhancing caregivers’ ability to apply nutritional knowledge, are central to improving child nutritional outcomes in urban and peri-urban settings in Lao PDR.

Malnutrition among hospitalized chronic disease patients is a global concern, with studies showing that nearly 30 to 50% of chronic disease patients experience disease-related malnutrition (DRM) during hospitalization. DRM can significantly affect patients’recovery, increase the length of hospital stay, and lead to higher mortality rates. To assess the current state of nutritional management implementation among clinical nurses in Zhejiang Province and determine the factors that influence their self-assessed knowledge, beliefs, and practices concerning nutritional support for chronic disease patients. A cross-sectional study was conducted from October 31, 2024 to December 31, 2024, involving 1561 nurses from 40 hospitals in Zhejiang Province. A questionnaire was distributed via a quick response code, covering general information of respondents and hospitals, nutritional management models, and nutritional support self-assessed knowledge, beliefs, and practice. Descriptive statistics, χ2 tests, t-tests, analysis of variance, rank sum tests, and regression analyses were performed using SPSS 27.0. Most departments had established nutritional management procedures (69.63%), systems (67.01%), and training plans (69.25%) for chronic disease patients, and 80.85% had formed multidisciplinary nutrition support teams. However, only 57.98% conducted regular follow-ups on nutritional status after discharge. Factors influencing self-assessed knowledge of nutritional support included age, job title, being a nutrition support specialist nurse, and the presence of nutritional management systems. Beliefs about nutritional support were mainly affected by regular assessment of nutritional management, emergency plans for adverse events, and post-discharge follow-up. The implementation of nutritional support was influenced by regular assessment, protocols for handling enteral nutrition complications, and post-discharge follow-up. Most hospital departments have made progress in the foundational aspects of nutritional management for chronic diseases but improvements are needed in practice and management. Our results provide a basis for enhancing nurses’ participation and effectiveness in chronic disease nutrition management.

The Nutrition and Medicine program at Creighton University School of Medicine aimed to bridge the gap between medical education and the role of nutrition in patient care. Recognizing the limited nutrition education in the medical curriculum, the program offered monthly workshops led by medical students and physicians. These sessions covered evidence-based nutrition topics, current trends, and the impact of social media on nutritional knowledge. The Nutrition and Medicine program hosted monthly student-led workshops to discuss current, evidence-based nutrition topics. Workshops were conducted and followed by pre- and post-session surveys assessing students' self-reported confidence in their nutritional knowledge, as well as their information sources and perceptions of social media's influence. Nutrition knowledge was not directly tested. Medical students demonstrated a statistically significant increase in self-reported confidence in their own nutritional knowledge following session attendance (P < .0001). Baseline surveys reflected low to moderate confidence, with post-session responses showing movement toward the "confident" range on a 5-point Likert scale. Structured, student-led nutrition programming was associated with improved self-reported confidence in nutritional knowledge among medical students. These findings suggest that scalable, peer-led educational initiatives may help address gaps in nutrition-related self-efficacy within medical training.