Number Of Branches Plant-1 Research Articles

Influence of Sulphur and Molybdenum on Growth and Yield of Black Gram (Vigna mungo L.)

The field experiment was carried out at Crop Research Farm (CRF) during the Zaid season (march to June – 2023). The Department of Agronomy at SHUATS in Prayagraj (UP) on soil with sandy loam in texture to find out the effect Sulphur and Molybdenum on Growth and Yield of Black gram. The treatments consist of three doses of Sulphur viz., 30 kg ha-1, 40 kg ha-1 and 50 kg ha-1 and Molybdenum 0.5 kg/ha, 1 kg/ha, foliar molybdenum 1500 ppm whose effect is observed on Black gram (var. Shekhar 2). The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with Ten treatments replicated thrice. The treatment with application of Sulphur - 50 kg/ha+ Foliar Molybdenum 1500 ppm recorded significantly higher plant height (53.77 cm), number of branches plant-1 (15.33) and plant dry weight (23.68 g), number of pods per plant (26.27), number of seeds per pod (9.53), test weight (30.52 g), seed yield (1.37 t ha-1) and Straw yield (2.95 t ha-1) compared to other treatment combinations.

Effect of Different Level of NPK Fertilizers, FYM and Vermicompost on Yield Attributes of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) var. Devika

The field experiment was carried out at soil science research farm of Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj during kharif season 2022. The soil experimental area was sandy loam in texture. The design was laid out in randomized block design with three levels of NPK (0%,50%, & 100%), three levels of FYM and three levels of Vermicompost (0%, 50%, & 100%) respectively. The results obtained with treatment T9-[120:60:50 Kg NPK + 25 t FYM + 6 t Vermicompost] showed highest plant height, number of branches plant-1, number of leaves plants-1, number of fruits plant-1, total fruit yield. No significant was observed in yield and growth of okra under control. Application of Organic manures well as its mixture with full NPK considerably increase in growth and total yield attributes of okra. In contrast to all other treatments, use of 100% NPK, 100% FYM and 100% Vermicompost shows the most significant impact with effective on okra growth.

Efficacy of Plant Growth Retardants on Growth, Flowering, Yield and Shelf Life of Dahlia (Dahlia variabilis L.) cv. Shubhra

The present investigation Efficacy of plant growth retardants on growth, flowering, yield and shelf life of dahlia (Dahlia variabilis L.) cv. Shubhra was conducted in Research Field, Department of Horticulture, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, during winter season (2022-23). The experiment was laid out in Randomized block design (RBD). There are 9th treatment combination Cycocel (1000,1500, 2000 ppm), Malic Hydrazide (1000,2000,3000 ppm), Paclobutrazol (50,100,150 ppm). T6 malic hydrazide (3000 ppm) better performance compared to others growth retardants treatments parameters like, plant height (70.71 cm), number of leaves plant-1(119.43), number of branches plant-1(7.58), stem diameter (2.36 cm), average of length branches (71.29 cm), days taken for first flower bud initiation (64.96), complete opening of flower days (7.32), number of flower plant-1(17.42), flower diameter(16.07 cm), flower weight (62.35 g), plant peduncle length(16.19 cm), number of flower yield plot-1 (156.81), number of flower yield ha-1 (65.18 ton.) and shelf life of flower (14.37 days).

The growth and yield performances of mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) as influenced by the use of cow dung and chemical fertilizers

To investigate the effect of cow dung and chemical fertilizers on the growth and yield performances of mungbean (BARI Mung 6), an experiment was carried out in the research field of the Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, during the kharif season of 2020. The experiment was laid out as a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications comprising seven manure-fertilizer treatments. The results showed that the different levels of cow dung and fertilizers significantly influenced mungbean growth parameters and seed yield. The highest plant height (48.2 cm), number of leaves plant-1 (10.3), number of branches plant-1 (3.9), maximum number of pods plant-1 (19.3), seeds pod-1 (10.4), 1000-seed weight (43.4g), and the highest seed yield (1.42 t ha-1) were obtained from the application of 80% of the recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) plus 20% cow dung. It is concluded that applying 20% cow dung (1.2 t ha-1) coupled with 80% of the recommended amount of fertilizers together produced superior results for the growth and yield of mungbean compared to applying fertilizer or cow dung alone. J. Bangladesh Acad. Sci. 47(1); 61-68: June 2023

Physiological Parameters and Yield of Green Gram As Influenced By Weed Management Practices

A field experiment was conducted at Anbil Dharmalingam Agricultural College and Research Institute, Tiruchirappalli during Summer, 2021 to evaluate the weed management practices in green gram. The study comprised of eleven weed management practices with different combination viz., pre emergence (PE) application of Diclosulam at 17.5 g/ha, Pendimethalin + Imazethapyr 1 kg/ha, post emergence (POE) application of Fluazifop-p-butyl + Fomesafen 313 g/ha, Acifluorfen sodium + Clodinofop propargyl 187.5 g/ha, PE Diclosulam 17.5 g/ha fb POE Fluazifop-p-butyl + Fomesafen 313 g/ha , PE Pendimethalin + Imazethapyr 1 kg/ha fb POE Fluazifop-p-butyl + Fomesafen 313 g/ha, PE Diclosulam 17.5 g/ha fb POE Acifluorfen sodium + Clodinofop propargyl 187.5 g/ha, PE Pendimethalin + Imazethapyr 1 kg/ha fb POE Acifluorfen sodium + Clodinofop propargyl 187.5 g/ha, PE Pendimethalin1 kg/ha fb HW on 30 DAS, HW on 20 and 40 DAS and unweeded control (UWC) in green gram. The results revealed that the highest plant height, number of branches plant-1, DMP, LAI, CGR, RGR and NAR were registered in PE Pendimethalin + Imazethapyr at 1 kg ha-1 fb POE Fluazifop-p-butyl + Fomesafen at 313 g ha-1. The grain and haulm yields were also higher in PE Pendimethalin + Imazethapyr at 1 kg ha-1 fb POE Fluazifop-p-butyl + Fomesafen at 313 g ha-1 and it was on par with PE Pendimethalin + Imazethapyr at 1 kg ha-1 fb POE Acifluorfen sodium + Clodinofop propargyl at 187.5 g ha-1. Hence, application of PE Pendimethalin + Imazethapyr at 1 kg ha-1 fb POE Fluazifop-p-butyl + Fomesafen at 313 g ha-1 was found to be the most viable option for getting higher growth and yield in green gram.

Response of Groundnut Varieties to Phosphorus Management in Groundnut-Baby Corn Cropping Sequence

The experiment was conducted during 2019 and 2020 (March to August) at Regional Research Station, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Jhargram, West Bengal, India to find out the response of phosphorus management on growth and yield of groundnut varieties and its residual effect on succeeding baby corn. The three main plot treatments (variety- TAG 24, TG 51, TG 37A) and six subplot treatments of phosphorus dose were laid out in split plot design with three replications. Highest plant height (70.3 cm), number of branches plant-1 (8.5), crop growth rate (3.67 g m-2 day-1), pod yield (2007 kg ha-1), haulm yield (2876.22 kg ha-1), kernel yield (1360.76 kg ha-1) and oil yield (689.36 kg ha-1) were obtained with groundnut variety TG 51. Whereas phosphorus dose (100% RDF+PSB @ 25 g kg-1 of seed+FYM @ 2 t ha-1) provided highest value for the above characters. Interaction effect was significant for pod yield and kernel yield. The residual effect on succeeding baby corn was found maximum for variety TAG 24 and treatment (100% RDF+PSB @ 25 g kg-1 of seed+FYM @ 2 t ha-1) applied to previous groundnut. So, application of phosphorus @ 60 kg ha-1 along with P.S.B @ 25 g kg-1 of seed and F.Y.M @ 2 t ha-1 may be successful for groundnut variety TG 51 alone and TAG 24 in sequence with baby corn.

Influence of Molybdenum and Foliar Application of Boron on Growth and Yield of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata)

The field experiment was undertaken at Crop Research Farm (CRF) during the Zaid season (march to June – 2022). The Department of Agronomy at SHUATS in Prayagraj (UP). Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) is one of the important pulse crops grown mainly in Zaid season under rainfed conditions. Cowpea is considered as an important crop of Uttar Pradesh because of its short duration, high yielding and quick growing capacity. Boron has emerged as an important micronutrient in Indian agriculture in the context of the spread of its deficiency. About one third of the cultivated soils in India are deficient in Boron. Likewise, molybdenum is another micronutrient leading to poor seed yield of pulses in molybdenum deficient soils of Uttar Pradeshis looking into how molybdenum and foliar boron applications affect cowpea growth and yield on soil with a sandy loam texture. To find out the correct doses of molybdenum and boron, this research was aimed. The treatments consist of three doses of Molybdenum viz., 0.5kg ha-1, 0.75kg ha-1 and 1kgha-1 and Boron 0.5% at 3 intervals viz., 30DAS, 45DAS and 30DAS & 45DAS whose effect is observed on Cowpea (var. Gomati). The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with Ten treatments replicated thrice. The treatment with application of Molybdenum 1kg ha-1 + Boron 0.5% at 30DAS & 45 DAS recorded significantly higher plant height (72.55cm), number of branches plant-1 (15.33) and plant dry weight (43.68 g), number of pods per plant (16.73), number of seeds per pod (11.67), seed index (18.38g), seed yield (1.59 t ha-1) and Haulm yield (4.16 t ha-1) compared to other treatment combinations.

Effect of Different Levels of Phosphorus and Zinc on Growth and Yield of Green Gram (Vigna radiata L.) Var. Swati Swarna

An experiment was conducted during in Zaid season (March 2022-June 2022) on central research farm of Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with three levels of Phosphorus and Zinc (0 %, 50 % and 100 %). The treatment combinations were replicated three times and were allocated at random in each replication. The result shows that application of different levels combination of inorganic fertilizers increased growth, yield of green gram. It was recorded from the application of P and Zinc fertilizers in treatment T7 [P @ 100% + Zinc @ 0%] maximum plant height 40.90, 49.12, and 60.16 cm at 30, 60 DAS and at harvest, number of branches plant-1 9.35, 11.62, and 14.24 at 30, 60 DAS and at harvest, number of pods plant-1 25.73, number of seeds pod-1 10.54, test weight of 1000 seeds 54.66 g, grain yield 11.73 q ha-1 with benefit cost ratio 1: 2.33 best from T1 [(control) P @ 0% + Zinc @ 0 %].

Growth and Yield Response of Cluster Bean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.) cv. Pusa Navbahar to Integrated Nutrient Management

The investigation on cluster bean with application of integrated nutrient management with comprised of 12 treatments with three level of NPK, two levels of PSB and Rhizobium in factorial randomized block design. The treatment T12 has shown the significant results when applied 100% of NPK with PSB and Rhizobium among the different levels of treatment combinations. Growth parameters viz., plant height (90.96 cm), number of nodules plant-1(59.48), number of branches plant-1 (2.66) at 90 DAS (day after sowing), and yield parameters viz., number of clusters plant-1 (14.62), number of pods cluster-1 (13.39), pod length (17.42 cm),pod yield(77.29 q ha-1) has shown best in treatment T12(NPK @100% + PSB @100% + Rhizobium @100%) of cluster bean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.) in comparison to other treatment combination.

Performance of Linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) Varieties in Foothills of Nagaland under Irrigated Condition

Background: Linseed, being a short duration crop, can be introduced in rice fallow system in order to derive more benefits. Timely and adequate amount of water to the crop in best possible way helps in optimizing agricultural production. At the same time, the need to meet increasing demand for food will require increased production per unit of water. However, the scope of linseed cultivation is very limited in Nagaland. The farmers of the region are not well-acquainted with linseed cultivation and information on varietal performance of linseeds in Nagaland condition is scanty. Methods: The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with three replications and consisted of seven linseed varieties viz., JLS-95, RLC-153, LSL-93, T-397, Shekhar, Priyam and Parvati. Result: Among all the varieties, JLS-95 produced higher growth attributes viz., plant height (cm), number of leaves plant-1, number of branches plant-1, plant dry matter (g plant-1), crop growth rate (g m-2 day-1) and yield attributes viz., number of capsules plant-1, seed yield (kg ha-1) and stover yield as well was statistically superior in variety JLS-95 over the other varieties.

Response of Sulphur, Zn and FYM Application on Growth, Yield and Nutrient uptake of Mustard (Brassica juncea (L.) Czern and Coss.)

Response of Sulphur, Zn and FYM Application on Growth, Yield and Nutrient uptake of Mustard (Brassica juncea (L.) Czern and Coss.)

Influence of Various Organic Amendments on Growth and Yield Attributes of Mung Bean (Vigna radiata L.)

A field experiment was conducted during summer season of 2022 to study the influence of various organic amendments on various attributes of growth and yield of mung bean. The experiment was laid out in four replications with 11 treatments in Randomized Block design (RBD). The results revealed that the highest plant height (52.8 cm), number of leaves plant-1 (35.3), number of branches plant-1 (11.1), chlorophyll content using SPAD (58.4), leaf area index (1.85) was recorded from the combined application of T11= Recommended dose of fertilizers(RDF) + Vermicompost + Jeevamrutam + Rhizobium. Similarly for yield attributes the highest number of pods plant-1 (31.35), pod’s length (11.05 cm), number of grains pods-1 (12.2), test weight (45.7 g) , grain yield (1242.5 kg ha-1), straw yield (2181.1 kg ha-1), biological yield (3405.3 kg ha-1) and harvest index (36%) was recorded in combined application of same treatment T11. The result showed that combined application of organic manures had positive effects on growth and yield parameters of mung bean.

Transvaluate of genotype × environment × season interaction of agronomic traits and bioactive compounds of Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal in the Deccan plateau region

The exegesis of ashwagandha (Withania somnifera L.) types related to various seasons was the focus of the current investigation. A field study was conducted at the CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants experimental field in Hyderabad, India, using a factorial randomized block design with three replicates over two years and four seasons (Kharif and Rabi). The all three factors were made up of with two years (2020–2021 and 2021–2022), eight varieties (Red berry, JA-134, Poshita, CIMAP-Pratap, CIMAP-Chetak, NMITLI-118, NMITLI-101, CIM-Pushti), and two seasons (Kharif and Rabi) respectively. Plant growth indices (plant height, number of branches plant–1), phenological parameters (day to flower initiation and days to root harvest), yield attributes (main root length, root diameter, dry root yield hectare–1, and seed yield hectare–1) quality traits (starch content, fiber content, starch fiber ratio, and total alkaloid estimation) were evaluated. Research findings contribute to understanding of how seasons influence the characteristics of ashwagandha cultivars and their overall agronomic performance. Understanding how environmental factors, such as seasons, affect plant growth and development is crucial for optimizing agricultural practices and improving crop yields. The results obtained in this study can be used to select specific varieties for specific seasonal conditions and identify varieties that perform better in both states. Irrespective of the variety used, both seasons (Kharif and Rabi) produce higher dry root yield per hectare, and the rabi season yields superior results in terms of starch fiber ratio and total alkaloid content in ashwagandha. CIM-Pushti, NMITLI-101, and Poshita achieved good results concerning yield and quality aspects in the Kharif season. CIM-Pushti, NMITLI-101, and CIMAP-Pratap performed admirably during the Rabi season. CIM-Pushti and NMITLI-101 provide superior agronomic performance in both seasons (Kharif and Rabi).

Interference with sex expression, estimation of yield and bioactive compounds in bitter gourd under PGRs-induced conditions

BackgroundThe bitter gourd fruit yields are not at a desirable level due to maleness. Maleness is one of the biggest difficulties with bitter gourd, reducing fruit yields substantially. On the other hand, plant stages are the most important consideration for PGR application because of their sensitive responsiveness. Therefore, it is necessary to determine how bitter gourd plants respond to plant growth regulators, namely PGR0 (control: application of water as control treatment), PGR1 (GA3-Gibberellic acid, 100 mgL−1), PGR2 (NAA-Naphthalene acetic acid, 100 mgL−1), and PGR3 (MH- Maleic hydrazide, 100 mgL−1) at three application phases, S1: soaking of seeds; S2: four-leaf; and S3: flower bud in terms of vegetative development, male–female flower sex alteration, and fruit features including bioactive compounds.ResultsPhysiological, floral and yield characteristics of bitter gourd exposed significant changes by GA3 and MH at various stages. The number of leaves plant−1, the fresh mass of the plant, and the fresh mass of fruit and fruit dry matter content were enhanced remarkably for MH application at the seed soaking stage except for plant height and the number of branches plant−1. MH increased the number of female flowers plant−1, the number of fruits plant−1 and the yield at the 4-leaf stage of application. PGRs substantially influenced the quantity of sugar, chlorophyll, total carotenoids, protein, and water content at various phases of their application but not on ascorbic acid, TSS, or total phenol concentration.ConclusionsFor sex expression and yield attributes, 100 mgL−1 MH at the 4-leaf stage would be effective in bitter gourd. Exogenous NAA showed a considerable dual influence on plant development and antioxidant enzyme activity in bitter gourd fruits.

Assessment of Genetic Variability for Yield, Yield Attributing and Quality Traits of Promising Genotypes of Cluster Bean [Cyamopsis tetragonaloba L. Taub.

The present study was conducted to evaluate twenty four (24) genotypes along with 1 check variety (Pusa Navbahar) of cluster bean during kharif, July–September, 2019 at College of Horticulture, Rajendranagar, Sri Konda Laxman Telangana State Horticultural University, Telangana, India to estimate variability, broad sense heritability and genetic advance for pod yield and yield attributing traits. The observations were recorded on various growth, yield and quality parameters. High estimates of GCV and PCV were recorded for plant height, number of branches plant-1, pod length, pod weight and number of pods plant-1. Protein content, gum content and fibre content recorded moderate to high PCV and GCV. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as % of mean was observed for plant height, number of branches plant-1, number of clusters plant-1, days to maturity, number of pods plant-1, pod length, pod girth, pod weight, number of seeds pod-1, pod yield plant-1, pod yield ha-1, protein content, gum content and fibre content. High variability in conjunction with high genetic advance as % of mean indicating the predominance of additive gene action. These traits could be exploited through manifestation of dominance and epistatic components through heterosis breeding. The overall assessment showed that there was wide variability among cluster bean genotypes which has important implication for selection of cluster bean genotypes for yield and quality attributes.

Evaluation of polyhalite on growth, yield attributes and yield of blackgram (Vigna mungo L.)

Potassium is involved in a diverse range of processes within plants that are needed for their growth, yield and better quality. The polyhalite as a hydrated evaporate mineral that can be used directly as a source of potassic fertilizer. However, research on polyhalite's appropriateness and effectiveness, the present investigation aimed to evaluate the effect of polyhalite on growth, yield attributes, and yield of blackgram variety ADT 5 at Chinnakandiankuppam village, Vriddhachalam, Cuddalore district, Tamil Nadu, during 2021. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design consisting of ten treatments viz., T1 (absolute control), T2 (-K), T3 (12.5 kg K2O ha-1 as muriate of potash (MOP)), T4 (25 kg K2O ha-1as MOP), T5 (37.5 kg K2O ha-1 as MOP), T6 (50 kg K2O ha-1 as MOP), T7 (12.5 kg K2O ha-1 as polyhalite), T8 (25 kg K2O ha-1 as polyhalite), T9 (37.5 kg K2O ha-1 as polyhalite), T10 (50 kg K2O ha-1 as polyhalite). The experiment revealed that the application of 37.5 kg K2O ha-1 as polyhalite (T9) significantly (5%) enhanced the growth attributes (plant height (38.7 cm), number of branches plant-1 (12.97), leaf area index (2.13), number of nodules plant-1 (18.76) and dry matter production (1972 hg ha-1), yield attributes (pod length (8.21 cm), number of pods plant-1 (20.05), number of seeds pod-1 (7.14) and test weight (3.53 g)) and grain yield (1439 kg ha-1), haulm yield (1876 kg ha-1) of blackgram. Thus the study would be helpful to farmers for yield maximization of blackgram through polyhalite as potassic fertilizer.

Influence of different types of soils on the growth and yield of Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Wild.)

Quinoa is a resilient high-yielding pseudo cereal, gaining attention because of its high nutritional value, strong growth potential, and tremendous source of essential amino acids, micronutrients, vitamins, phenolic compounds, and minerals. The main aim of this investigation was to find the best suitable soil type for maximizing the growth and yield of Quinoa. The pot study was undertaken at the Department of Agronomy, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, during the Kharif 2022 season. Eight soil samples (clay loam soils of wetlands of TNAU, sandy loam soils of eastern block of TNAU, sandy loam soils of Mettupalayam, sandy clay loam soils of 36 B eastern block of TNAU, sandy clay loam soils of 37 B eastern block of TNAU, clay loam soils of Ooty, sandy clay loam soils of Govindanaickenpalayam and sandy clay loam soils of Annur) were collected round Coimbatore in Tamil Nadu and tested in a complete randomized design with three replications. The pot study results revealed that growth parameters viz. Plant height (81.5 cm), number of leaves plant-1 (164.8), leaf area (317.7 cm2), number of branches plant-1 (38.0) and dry matter production (22.78 g) were significantly higher in the clay loam soils of Ooty than all other soil types. Similarly, yield attributes such as the number of panicles plant-1 (21.7), panicle length (13.08 cm), number of grains panicle-1 (3050) and grain yield plant-1 (9.60 g) of Quinoa were also higher in the same clay loam soils followed by that in sandy clay loam soils of Govindanaickenpalayam. Red soils of Mettupalayam had shown the lowest growth, yield and yield attributes of Quinoa. Based on the above results, it was concluded that the clay loam soil of Ooty was the best suited for cultivating Quinoa crops.

Evaluation of STCR Based Targeted Yield Equations of Amaranthus (Amaranthus tricolor L.) in Southern Laterite Soils (AEU-8) of Kerala

A field experiment was carried out in the Instructional farm, Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, Thiruvananthapuram which comes under agro-ecological unit AEU-8 from the period March 2022 to June 2022 to test and validate the targeted yield equation for nutrient management developed by All India Coordinated research project on soil test based crop response studies (AICRP on STCR) 2014 for the cultivation of Amaranthus. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with four replications and five treatment combinations viz., T1 as KAU organic POP, T2 as soil test-based KAU, T3, T4, T5 as STCR based targeted yield recommendation for a target yield of 20, 22.5 and 30 tonnes respectively. Nutrient management with the application of STCR based targeted yield recommendation for a target yield of 25 tonnes T5 showed a significant increase in plant height, stem girth, leaf length, petiole length, leaf width, number of branches plant-1, number of leaves plant-1 and root length at 30 and 60 DAS respectively. The treatment, T5 also improved the N, P and K content and their uptake by leaf, shoot and root respectively of Amaranthus and gave significantly better results for all parameters in comparison to other treatments. The equation of AICRP on STCR 2014 for the nutrient management for the cultivation of Amaranthus can be extended to the ultisols of AEU-8 of Thiruvananthapuram district of Kerala.

Field Assessment of Two Micronutrients (Zinc and Boron) on the Seed Yield and Oil Content of Mustard

In an experimental investigation, we looked into how different zinc (Zn) and boron (B) dosages affected the production and the amount of oil in mustard. Zn and B treatments, respectively, were separated into four levels: 0, 1, 2, 4, and 0, 0.4, 0.6, and 0.8 kg per hectare. We observed considerable Zn as well as B effects on mustard yield and its oil content. The maximum (1.6 Ton per hectare) and minimum (1.3 T ha−1) seed output, the maximum (1.9 T ha−1) and minimum (1.5 T ha−1) stover production, the maximum (4.9) and minimum (3.99) number branches plant−1, and the longest (114.6 cm) and shortest (87.44 cm) plant height were observed from 4 kg of Zn ha−1 and 0 kg of Zn ha−1, respectively. On the other hand, we discovered that applying 0.8 kg and 0 kg of B ha−1, respectively, resulted in the highest (1.6 T ha−1) and lowest (1.3 T ha−1) seed yield, the highest (1.8 T ha−1) and lowest (1.5 T ha−1) stover yield, the maximum (4.75) and minimum (4.02) number of branches plant−1, and the longest (118.7 cm) and shortest (85.15 cm) plant heights. The maximum seed (1.9 T ha−1) and stover output (2.0 T ha−1), tallest plant (140.9 cm), and most branches per plant−1 (5.47) were obtained when 4 kg of Zn ha−1 was given with 0.8 kg of B ha−1. However, while Zn and B were not applied, the lowest output for all of the crop attributes assessed was observed. As a result, for mustard, 4 kg of Zn ha−1 combined with 0.8 kg of B ha−1 may be advised as an effective approach in terms of seed yield and oil content.

Improving Growth and Yield Performance of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) under the Effects of Soil Amendments and Planting Geometry

A field study was carried out at the University for Development Studies Experimental Field, Nyankpala, Ghana, to evaluate the growth and yield of sesame under the influence of planting geometry and soil amendments. The trial was a split plot laid out in a Randomized Complete Block (RCB) design in Triplicate. The main plot treatments were three planting geometry (G1 = 45 x 15, G2 = 60 x 10, and G3 = 75 x 15 cm), and the sub-plot treatments were four soil amendments with a control [F0 = 0 t ha-1, F1 = 16 t ha-1 compost, F2 = 16 t ha-1 biochar, F3 = 16 t ha-1 (compost + biochar), and F4 = N− P2O5 −K2O (16−60−60 kg ha-1)]. The analysis of variance showed that all the planting geometry and soil amendments significantly (P < .05) affected growth and yield of sesame. The results indicated that the main effect of 45 x 15cm planting geometry, and the interaction effect between 75 x 15 cm planting geometry and compost application at 16 t ha-1 resulted in the maximum plant height (54.30 cm) and number of branches plant−1 (4.9), respectively at 42 DAP. However, planting geometry of 60 x 10 cm increased seed yield by 10 and 57%, compared to 45 x 15 and 75 x 15 cm planting geometry, respectively. Similarly, the application of compost at 16 t ha-1 promoted the highest capsule weight (1,719 kg ha-1), seed yield (1,115 kg ha-1) and 1000-seed weight (3.46 g). The percentage increase in various soil amendments over the control is shown in the following order: number of branches (B 22% < NPK 24%< B+C 27%< C32%); number of seeds per capsule (B+C 4% < B 5 % < NPK 7% < C 8%); and seed yield (B+C 75% < B 80%< NPK 137% < C157%).
 Therefore, compost application at 16 t ha-1 and planting geometry of 60 x 10 cm is recommended for sesame production.