Applications of magnetic nanoparticles for nucleic acid extraction and analysis in biological and biomedical fields.

Nucleic acid drug delivery in ophthalmology: Emerging trends and future perspectives.

Exosome precision engineering: A comprehensive method for targeted gene and drug delivery.

Nucleic acid therapeutics, including siRNA, mRNA, plasmid DNA, and CRISPR/Cas systems, have demonstrated remarkable potential but continue to face translational barriers related to systemic instability, immune activation, and inefficient intracellular delivery. Conventional lipid and polymeric carriers, although clinically validated, often lack the structural resilience and versatility required for large or complex cargos. Silica-based nanoparticles, particularly mesoporous silica nanoparticles, provide a distinctive combination of mechanical rigidity, tunable porosity, and abundant surface chemistry that enables robust encapsulation, protection, and controlled release of diverse nucleic acids. This review adopts a problem-driven perspective, analyzing how specific nanoarchitectural designs, surface functionalizations, and ligand-mediated targeting strategies address key limitations in nucleic acid delivery. Emphasis is placed on overcoming systemic barriers such as premature degradation, immune recognition, and restricted biodistribution, as well as intracellular challenges including endosomal escape and nuclear access. Hybrid and biomimetic silica platforms are highlighted for their capacity to integrate combinatorial and theranostic functionalities, expanding the therapeutic scope toward complex payloads and multifunctional formulations. By linking synthesis approaches with translational requirements, an integrated roadmap is proposed that positions silica nanocarriers as advanced platforms for next-generation gene therapy. The evidence underscores the potential of silica architectures to combine structural durability with versatile chemical adaptability, thereby enabling safe, efficient, and clinically relevant delivery of nucleic acids.

Ionic liquids for biomacromolecule purification: from molecular interactions to practical applications.

In experimental toxicology, evaluating cisplatin adducts at DNA or RNA is often required but can be complicated by methodological aspects. For instance, the cross-linking might affect the nucleic acid isolation efficiencies, which in turn can be influenced by the purification approach. Two cancer cell lines were cisplatin treated and DNA/RNA were isolated using manual Trizol-based protocols or column-based kits. Platinum levels at DNA/RNA were evaluated by atomic absorption spectroscopy. For RNA, the manual purification yielded higher concentrations than the kit for both cisplatin-treated and non-treated samples. RNA platination was identical for both isolation approaches. For DNA, the manual method can yield lower concentrations from cisplatin-treated cells, likely reflecting diminished solubility of cross-linked DNA. DNA platination levels again were identical with both isolation methods. Because DNA isolation is less efficient than RNA isolation, platinum-DNA adduct quantification is difficult when DNA yields are low or cells were exposed to low cisplatin concentrations. However, DNA platination can be estimated by the platination degree of RNA because platination of both nucleic acids agreed well and RNA was always isolated very efficiently. In summary: First, manual purification and column-based kits can yield unequal nucleic acid concentrations, and RNA is more efficiently purified than DNA. Second, column-based kits remain practical because platination does not affect isolation efficiency. Third, when DNA platination is not quantifiable (low yield, small sample volumes), RNA platination is a good proxy.

Standardized digital PCR assay validation using PCR-ValiPal, demonstrated in cross-platform quantification of bovine papilloma virus.

AIM2 inflammasome and pyroptosis biomarkers in oncology.

Novel diethylthiosulfinate suppresses postharvest peach brown rot in vitro and vivo by disrupting carbon metabolism and virulence pathways in Monilinia fructicola.

Programmable PNA-nanoparticle hybrids as nanoscale recognition architectures for amplification-free nucleic acid recognition.

Factors affecting flash nanoprecipitation of Pharmaceuticals: Principles and applications.

Delivery science: Its increasing importance for the next generation of medicines.

Engineered self-driven intelligent nanomachine induced by target-mediated knock-on effect to determine attomolar nucleic acids.

Bulge DNA-driven CRISPR/Cas12a dynamic activation circuit enables highly sensitive and versatile biosensing.

Efficient hydrazide-mediated total synthesis of Möbius cyclotides from Viola japonica and elucidation of the antibacterial mechanism of Vija 31.

Discovery and characterization of a high-affinity G-quadruplex binding peptide via mRNA display.

Shikonin-loaded bioactive gelatin films with antibacterial activity against Listeria species and antioxidant properties to extend the shelf-life of raw refrigerated beef.

Analytical techniques for laboratory testing of HIV: a systematic review.

Renal-targeted tFNA-TPP nanoagonist treats acute kidney injury by amplifying mitophagy.

Framework nucleic acid-based hydrogel for sequential immune regulation and endogenous TGF-β1 capture in wound healing.