Purpose: The purpose of this literature review was to conduct a meta-analysis on the use of biochemical markers in the diagnosis and rehabilitation of patients with acute cerebral ischemia. eLibrary, Web of Science, Scopus, Medline resources were used to search for materials from 1995 to 2022. The terms of inclusion in the search criteria were “biochemical markers”, “cerebral ischemia”, “acute cerebrovascular accident”, “ischemic stroke”, “rehabilitation”. As a result of the search, 62 articles were found. Studies show that the role of biochemical markers in the diagnosis of patients with acute cerebral ischemia is extremely high. One of the promising markers is the level of NR2 antibodies to NMDA glutamate receptors. The conducted studies have generally shown that the level of NR2 antibodies to NMDA glutamate receptors can be used to diagnose ischemic stroke, monitor the course of the disease in dynamics, predict outcomes and personalize therapeutic approaches. It seems promising to further study this biomarker in the context of personalization of rehabilitation programs for patients.