Northwest Part Of China Research Articles

Moderating effect of negative emotion differentiation in chronic stress and fatigue among Chinese employees

IntroductionAccording to the reactivity hypothesis and the diathesis-stress model, repeated activation of the stress system has a negative effect on health, and this effect may differ because of individual characteristics. Thus, the present study explores the effect of chronic stress on fatigue and investigates its mechanism.MethodsA questionnaire survey of 288 participants selected from the northwest part of China was conducted (13.89% females; ages ranged from 18 to 34 years, with M ± SD = 23.14 ± 3.79 years) on chronic stress, fatigue, depression, anxiety, and negative emotion differentiation. SPSS 28.0 was used to process descriptive statistics and correlation analysis and the PROCESS macro was used to analyze the moderated chained multi-mediation.ResultsChronic stress was found to be positively correlated with fatigue, depression, and anxiety; depression and anxiety played a chained multi-mediating role between chronic stress and fatigue, and negative emotion differentiation played a moderating role in the chained multi-mediation model.DiscussionCompared with depression, anxiety plays a more important role in the influence of chronic stress on fatigue. Therefore, it is necessary to pay more attention to anxiety symptoms and take appropriate intervention measures. Negative emotion differentiation plays a moderating role. Improving negative emotion differentiation through mindfulness and adaptive emotion regulation is an effective way to reduce the influence of chronic stress on fatigue.

Spatio-Temporal Distribution of Earthquake Disasters in Qinghai Province of China Based on GIS

Qinghai Province is located in the northwest part of China, is part of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, its special location, abnormal climate, is the frequent occurrence of earthquake disaster area. Under the background of global climate change, earthquake disaster research in Qinghai province is of great significance for ecological protection and disaster prevention. In this paper, the data of earthquake disaster with MS ≥ 5 in Qinghai Province from 1960 to 2022 are collected statistically, and the risk grade distribution map of earthquake disaster is made by using GIS technology with the county and city as the unit. The spatial and temporal distribution law of earthquake disaster is illustrated from the distribution of earthquakes over the years and the annual occurrence frequency. The results show that the earthquake disasters in Qinghai Province are mainly concentrated in the northwest and southwest areas, the central and northern areas are also relatively high distribution, among which Geermu city and Yushu City are more affected. In terms of time, earthquake disasters occurred frequently from 1990 to 2010, and the frequency of disasters decreased slightly from 2010 to 2020, but in the past two years, the geological activity is more frequent, and the disaster incidence is high.

Comprehensive characterization of formation rock for tight oil exploitation

Although it is generally very difficult to supplement flow energy into the tight oil reservoir, there is still good prospect for enhanced oil and gas recovery in this area due to its large proportion of hydrocarbon reserves. However, due to the sensitivity of tight oil reservoir to formation pressure, the porosity and permeability of the reservoir will change greatly with the change of formation pressure in the process oil development, which has a complex impact on dynamic analysis, productivity evaluation and later adjustment of potential stimulation measures. This study mainly focus on the characterization of tight formation rock in the Northwest part of China. In order to get a visual impression of the reservoir core, some routine tests were firstly carried out. After that, porosity and permeability are tested under overburden pressure conditions. Studies show that overburden porosity and permeability will decrease but total decrease percentage will increase with the increase of net effective overburden pressure. The decrease percentage of permeability is much higher compared with that of porosity decrease percentage under overburden pressures. When the net effective overburden pressure is larger than 10 MPa, the decrease of overburden porosity will become relatively small. At the same time, when the net effective overburden pressure is larger than 15 MPa, the decrease of overburden permeability will become relatively small. Taking the pressure-increasing process and the pressure-decreasing process as a whole: the permeability cannot recover to the initial level when overburden pressure is the same as previous round because certain permeability is permanently damaged in the process. At the same time, when the net effective overburden pressure increased to a higher level, the permeability damaged will become relatively smaller. These experiments compose of a comprehensive characterization of formation rock and are of great significance to accurately understand the reservoir damage in the process of tight oil development and reasonably evaluate the productivity of oil producers.

Evaluating the Long-Term Outcome of the Ablative Lasers in the Treatment of Facial Angiofibromas in Tuberous Sclerosis: A TwoYear Follow-Up Study

Background: Tuberous sclerosis (TS), a genetic multisystem disorder, is characterized by widespread hamartomas in multiple organs. The classic clinical symptoms consist of angiofibromas, epilepsy, and developmental delay. Dermatological change is one of the major features. Bilateral facial angiofibromas (FA), a common form of presentation, cause significant cosmetic, medical, and emotional problems. The emerging treatment for skin lesions is laser therapy. However, there is no report on the long-term outcome of combined use of ultra-pulse carbon dioxide (UPCD) laser and ablative fractional (AF) Er: YAG lasers to treat skin lesions in patients suffering TS. Methods: A retrospective study, conducted from March 2014 to July 2018, investigated 9 patients from the Northwest part of China who had TS treated with a sequential treatment of UPCD laser and AF Er: YAG laser. Results: The sequential use of the UPCD and AF Er: YAG laser is a safe and effective method for the treatment of FA in patients suffering TS with satisfactory long-term outcomes. Conclusions: The sequential use of the UPCD and AF Er: YAG laser is a safe and effective method for the treatment of FA in patients suffering TS with satisfactory long-term outcomes.

A new distribution for modeling wind speed characteristics and evaluating wind power potential in Xinjiang, China

ABSTRACT In this study, the authors conduct the research of the wind speed characteristics and the wind energy assessment based on the data at a height of 10 m in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region which is located in the northwest part of China. The analysis shows that the wind is strong in the east-west direction, and the wind speed is concentrated in the range of 2 m/s to 9 m/s. Moreover, it has obvious periodicity and not large skewness, hence we need to find a model that can flexibly fit the wind speed distribution in the area. Then, we introduce a new flexible distribution for the first time, called Alpha logarithmic transformed Log-normal (ALTLN). Thirdly, the data are split and an analysis is made for the typically monthly, quarterly, and annual wind speed distribution and wind power density. The results show that the coefficient of determination (R2) is almost 99%, the root-mean-square error (RMSE) is less than 0.05, and most of the results pass the Kolmogorov–Smirnov (K-S) test which means the corresponding p values greater than 0.05 and the values are between 0.2 and 0.8. Finally, we come to the conclusions that the ALTLN distribution has good applicability to fit wind speed distribution and annual wind energy output reaches several thousands of gigawatt-hours, especially to Kashi. These results are helpful to develop the wind energy better for relevant departments.

A Full Satellite‐Driven Method for the Retrieval of Clear‐Sky Evapotranspiration

AbstractEvapotranspiration (ET) plays an important role in the soil‐vegetation‐atmosphere system for its considerable effect in surface energy balance and water cycle. The determination of ET based on full satellite data has been a challenge. In the present study, a full satellite‐driven method is proposed based on a newly developed pixel‐to‐pixel scheme of the land surface temperature‐vegetation index trapezoidal feature space in the presence of clear‐sky conditions. For the implementation of this approach, the three main meteorological parameters of net surface radiation, air temperature, and relative humidity were obtained solely based on satellite observations. With the exception of the three main satellite‐derived meteorological parameters, different wind speed data—including actual measurements, the assimilated product, and an averaged value of meteorological observations—were used to investigate their effects on the retrieval of ET. Specifically, two pixel‐to‐pixel trapezoidal feature space schemes, namely an original and a two‐stage scheme, were implemented to estimate ET over an arid region of the study area located in the northwest part of China. Comparison of the estimated ET with the values acquired from the eddy covariance systems yielded a reliable accuracy response with root‐mean‐squared errors of ~80 W/m2 and ~70 W/m2 for the original and two‐stage trapezoidal methods with satellite‐derived inputs, respectively, and constant wind speed data over the growing 2012 season from May to September. These results indicate that the full satellite‐driven method is capable of estimating ET over the arid region of the study area.

The Current Status of Cancer Control in China

Background and context: With the rapid economic growth and aging population, China is now facing the challenge of cancer burden. China National Cancer Registry data displayed that >4 million people were diagnosed with cancer in 2012, which accounted for 20% of global cancer incidence and 25% global cancer deaths occurred in China. Lung, gastrointestinal, breast cancers are the top 3 most common caused cancer diseases for Chinese people. Cancer brings huge economic loss both to Chinese economy and individuals. The total cancer cost has been raised 4 times more than in 2003, which was estimated to >400 billion Chinese Yuan. From 1970s, Chinese government attached importance to cancer control and conducted cancer prevention and control planning and strategy, but the medical resource allocation for cancer is still inequality in the country. Aim: China Anti-Cancer Association (CACA) investigates a research on how cancer control medical resource allocates in China and provides suggestion on cancer control policy development. Strategy/Tactics: Through collecting the data from 55 cancer hospitals across the country from 2013 to 2015 to analyze. Program/Policy process: The results show that oncology doctors and nurses slightly increase in consecutive 3 years, but the outpatient and inpatient visits grow in the average annual rate of 10%, the oncology professionals supply falls short of patient's demand. In terms of geography distribution, the cancer control medical resources are rich in municipality, capital cities and coastline cities. Northeast, southwest, and northwest part of China have weak medical resources to prevent and cure cancers. The oncology professional is constituted by clinical surgery, internal medical doctor, radiation therapist, and others. Clinical surgery is estimated to account for 40% of all professionals in cancer hospitals. The oncology professionals have higher education and academic background in third-grade class A hospitals. Inpatient and outpatient visits are much more in provincial cancer hospitals, rather than in prefectural-level cancer hospitals. Outcomes: Based on the research, CACA suggests that government should realize the importance of cancer control medical resource allocation, including increasing the number of oncology professionals, strengthening the professionals' academic training in secondary class A hospitals and prefectural-level cancer hospitals, and providing more financial investment to the parts where have insufficient medical resources. In addition, CACA advocates to taking the actions on tobacco control, HPV and HBV vaccine injection, changing healthy lifestyle, implementing the strategy of early detection, diagnose, and treatment, and formulating standardized and precision cancer treatment guideline, to ease the cancer burden so as to improve people's healthy life in China.

Dynamic Evaluation on the Groundwater Flow Process in a River Basin Using the Ensemble Kalman Filter Method with Localization

Ordos Plateau is located in a semi-arid area in the northwest part of China, and groundwater water is the major water source to sustain the ecosystem. With the industrial construction and economic development, it is required to manage the groundwater usage reasonable. Several monitoring instruments have been installed to monitor the groundwater dynamics continuously. An ensemble Kalman filter based data assimilation method is developed to use the sequentially available monitoring data to characterize the groundwater system. To improve the algorithm stability and avoid the spurious correlation estimation, a localization function is introduced. The analysis results show the proposed EnKF method can reduce the estimation uncertainty and improve the predictability.

Accumulation of metallic elements by native species thriving in two mine tailings in Aletai, China

Contamination of heavy metals from mining causes major environmental problems all over the world, representing threats to soil resources as well as human health. Phytoremediation can be potentially used to remediate metal-contaminated areas. This study aims to assess the extent of metal accumulation by plants found in two mine tailings area in Aletai in the northwest part of China. In present study, shoots and roots of the 19 plant species and the associated soil samples were collected. The concentrations of elements (Pb, Cu, Zn and Cd) of collected samples were then analyzed using flame atomic absorption spectrometry. The results showed that the concentrations of Pb, Cu, Zn and Cd in total mine tailings soil varied from 311 to 1162, 74 to 3251, 1618 to 4815, and 3.37 to 34 mg/kg, those in the plants ranged from 7.35 to 512, 20.4 to 873, 18.7 to 1279, and 0.37 to 47.6 mg/kg, respectively. Although no plant species were identified as metal hyperaccumulators, among those plant species collected from the two mine tailings, Spiraea media Schmidt was most suitable for phytostabilization of Cu (BCF = 6.77). Polygonum aviculare has the potential as a hyperaccumulator, especially in phytoextraction for Cu. Karelinia caspica (Pall.) Less was most effective species for phytostabilization of Cd. These results suggested that some native plants growing on mine tailings area may have the potential for phytoremediation.

Optimal waist-to-height ratio cutoff values for predicting cardio-metabolic risk in Han and Uygur adults in northwest part of China.

Optimal obesity indices in predicting cardio-metabolic risk are less studied in Asian. We evaluated optimal waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) for predicting hypertension, dyslipidemia and diabetes in Han and Uygur populations in Xinjiang, a northwest part of China. This study involved 5603 Han and 4657 Uyghur participants. Anthropometric data, blood pressure, serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein and fasting glucose were determined. The cutoff values of WHtR were calculated; the relation between WHtR and prevalence of cardio-metabolic risks was evaluated. There was a positive correlation between WHtR and blood pressure, TC, triglycerides and fasting glucose in both Han and Uygur participants (all P<0.001). The prevalence of hypertension, dyslipidemia and diabetes was higher with increased WHtR for both ethnic groups after adjusted by age. Calculated cutoff values of WHtR for predicting hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes or ⩾ 2 of these risk factors were 0.54 for both men and women in Han and 0.55 in male and 0.57 in female Uygur participants. A significant difference in blood pressure, triglycerides and fasting glucose between subgroups with WHtR either above or below the cutoff values was observed in both men and women of the two ethnicities. The optimal cutoff value of WHtR is a useful screen tool for predicting cardio-metabolic risks in Han and Uygur population in Xinjiang, northwest part of China.

Application of the Multimodel Ensemble Kalman Filter Method in Groundwater System

With the development of in-situ monitoring techniques, the ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) has become a popular data assimilation method due to its capability to jointly update model parameters and state variables in a sequential way, and to assess the uncertainty associated with estimation and prediction. To take the conceptual model uncertainty into account during the data assimilation process, a novel multimodel ensemble Kalman filter method has been proposed by incorporating the standard EnKF with Bayesian model averaging framework. In this paper, this method is applied to analyze the dataset obtained from the Hailiutu River Basin located in the northwest part of China. Multiple conceptual models are created by considering two important factors that control groundwater dynamics in semi-arid areas: the zonation pattern of the hydraulic conductivity field and the relationship between evapotranspiration and groundwater level. The results show that the posterior model weights of the postulated models can be dynamically adjusted according to the mismatch between the measurements and the ensemble predictions, and the multimodel ensemble estimation and the corresponding uncertainty can be quantified.

CREVICE CORROSION BEHAVIORS OF Q235 WELD JOINT

As a candidate package material for high level radiation waste disposal, the crevice corrosion behavior of Q235 low carbon steel weld joint was investigated in a solution simulated to the groundwater in the northwest part of China. The influences of temperature and oxygen content were evaluated. The microstructure of the weld joint was observed by OM, and SEM and surface profile were employed to analyze the crevice corrosion behavior of the weld joint. Open circuit potential of different regions of the weld joint was measured by electrochemical method. Experimental results indicated that the increases of temperature and oxygen content could promote the occurrence of crevice corrosion, and facilitate the corrosion processes both inside and outside the crevice. Fusion zone with a microstructure of clustered ferrite was the most severe corroded area in the weld joint, followed by weld metal, which was characterized by a coarse widmanstaetten structure. The microstructures of base metal and heat affected zone were fine and homogeneous, so these two regions underwent slighter corrosion.

Chih Tu: a pioneer of Xinjiang's agricultural science.

Chih Tu was a pioneer of Xinjiang’s agricultural science and technology, the founder of Xinjiang’s agricultural education, and the first academician from Xinjiang to join the Chinese Academy of Sciences. In addition to being a distinguished plant pathologist and agriculturist, he was a communist fighter with a strong spirit and a revolutionary sentiment. Deeply influenced by revolutionary ideas and the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), he spent most of his life in the northwest part of China.

Clinicpathological Features of Gastric Cancer in Young Patients

The incidence of gastric cancer (GC) in young patients has showed a stable or even slightly increasing trend in recent years all over the world. Little is known about the clinicpathological features of young patients with GC in Ningxia region, located in the northwest part of China. To define the clinicpathological features of GC in young patients in this region, 117 patients with GC, who were admitted to the Department of Medical Oncology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia, China, were enrolled in a retrospective database between 2000 and 2005. The data from 55 patients aged less than 35 years old were compared with those from 62 controls aged between 36 and 70. It was found that in young group, the percentages of females, the tumors in the lower third of the stomach, tumor size larger than 4 cm, macroscopic type Borrmann III tumors, poorly differentiated histology, the 7th T stage T3 + T4, the distribution of tumor-nodes-metastasis(TNM)stage IV, surgical exploratory laparoscopy, and anemia symptoms were significantly higher than those in the control group (P vs. 48.4%, P < 0.05). It was obvious that the clinicpathological features of GC in young patients were different from those in the control group. Focusing on early diagnostic rate and choosing a suitable operative treatment should be critical to improve prognosis of young patients with GC in Ningxia region of China.

Identification of clone-9 antigenic protein of Theileria uilenbergi and evaluation of its application for serodiagnosis

The pathogenic protozoan parasite Theileria uilenbergi is one of the causative agents of theileriosis in small ruminants in China. The infection results in great economical losses in the northwest part of China. Efforts are underway to establish an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) based on a T. uilenbergi immunodominant recombinantly expressed protein using different approaches in order to perform epidemiological studies in the area. In this study, we describe the possible use of the clone-9 protein for this purpose, which was identified as a potential immunogenic piroplasm protein by random sequencing of cDNA library clones followed by bioinformatic analyses. The clone-9 gene was partially recombinantly expressed and used for the development of an indirect ELISA for the detection of circulating antibodies in sera of T. uilenbergi-infected sheep. No cross-reactivity was observed in serum from animals infected with Theileria lestoquardi. The cut-off was calculated at 48.6% positivity using 25 serum samples from uninfected animals. A total of 101 field samples collected from an endemic area in China were used to evaluate the clone-9 ELISA for its use in the field.

Evaluating the spatiotemporal variations of water budget across China over 1951–2006 using IBIS model

AbstractThe Integrated Biosphere Simulator is used to evaluate the spatial and temporal patterns of the crucial hydrological variables [run‐off and actual evapotranspiration (AET)] of the water balance across China for the period 1951–2006 including a precipitation analysis. Results suggest three major findings. First, simulated run‐off captured 85% of the spatial variability and 80% of the temporal variability for 85 hydrological gauges across China. The mean relative errors were within 20% for 66% of the studied stations and within 30% for 86% of the stations. The Nash–Sutcliffe coefficients indicated that the quantity pattern of run‐off was also captured acceptably except for some watersheds in southwestern and northwestern China. The possible reasons for underestimation of run‐off in the Tibetan plateau include underestimation of precipitation and uncertainties in other meteorological data due to complex topography, and simplified representations of the soil depth attribute and snow processes in the model. Second, simulated AET matched reasonably with estimated values calculated as the residual of precipitation and run‐off for watersheds controlled by the hydrological gauges. Finally, trend analysis based on the Mann–Kendall method indicated that significant increasing and decreasing patterns in precipitation appeared in the northwest part of China and the Yellow River region, respectively. Significant increasing and decreasing trends in AET were detected in the Southwest region and the Yangtze River region, respectively. In addition, the Southwest region, northern China (including the Heilongjiang, Liaohe, and Haihe Basins), and the Yellow River Basin showed significant decreasing trends in run‐off, and the Zhemin hydrological region showed a significant increasing trend. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.

PVII-11 Rotavirus associated intussusception followed by spontaneous reduction

Although G9 rotaviruses have become one of the important rotavirus genotypes worldwide, they have been uncommon in China. Recently, we reported G9 rotaviruses as a highly prevalent genotype in Xinjiang, the northwest part of China [Yang, X., Matthijnssens, J., Sun, H., Muhamaiti, J., Zhang, B., Nahar, S., Van Ranst, M., Rahman, M., 2008. Temporal changes of rotavirus strain distribution in a northwest city of China, 1996–2005. Int. J. Infect. Dis., June (Epub ahead of print)]. Here we report the genetic variations of the Xinjiang-G9 rotaviruses isolated between 1999 and 2005. Sequence analysis of the VP7 genes of Xinjiang-G9 strains indicated that they were more closely related to the contemporary global G9 strains than to the prototype Chinese G9 strains. However, their VP4 genes were most similar to those from the locally circulating G1P[8], G2P[4], G3P[6] and G3P[8] strains. This indicates that reassortment rather than antigenic drift might be the preferred evolutionary mechanism for the emergence of the G9 rotaviruses in Xinjiang. These findings will be of major significance for understanding the emergence of newly introduced rotavirus strains.

Emerging G9 rotavirus strains in the northwest of China

Although G9 rotaviruses have become one of the important rotavirus genotypes worldwide, they have been uncommon in China. Recently, we reported G9 rotaviruses as a highly prevalent genotype in Xinjiang, the northwest part of China [Yang, X., Matthijnssens, J., Sun, H., Muhamaiti, J., Zhang, B., Nahar, S., Van Ranst, M., Rahman, M., 2008. Temporal changes of rotavirus strain distribution in a northwest city of China, 1996–2005. Int. J. Infect. Dis., June (Epub ahead of print)]. Here we report the genetic variations of the Xinjiang-G9 rotaviruses isolated between 1999 and 2005. Sequence analysis of the VP7 genes of Xinjiang-G9 strains indicated that they were more closely related to the contemporary global G9 strains than to the prototype Chinese G9 strains. However, their VP4 genes were most similar to those from the locally circulating G1P[8], G2P[4], G3P[6] and G3P[8] strains. This indicates that reassortment rather than antigenic drift might be the preferred evolutionary mechanism for the emergence of the G9 rotaviruses in Xinjiang. These findings will be of major significance for understanding the emergence of newly introduced rotavirus strains.

FREEDOM OF BREATH, FOUNDATION OF LIFE

Perinatal asphyxia is the leading cause of neonatal mortality, cerebral palsy, and mental retardation worldwide and accounts for ∼1 million of the 4 million neonatal deaths that occur each year (World Health Organization, 2005). According to China's national maternal and children's health surveillance in 2005, neonatal mortality was 19 per 1000 live births. In China, the first top 3 causes of infant mortality are preterm birth and low birth weight, birth asphyxia, and pneumonia. In 2005 asphyxia accounted for 20.5% of deaths in children under the age of 5 years. On the basis of a national sample survey from China Disabled Persons' Foundation in 2003, there are 199 000 disabled children between 0 and 6 years old each year, 54.2% of whom are mentally disabled, primarily related to birth asphyxia. The Neonatal Resuscitation Program (NRP) was introduced to China in the 1990s to reduce mortality and morbidity caused by asphyxia. NRP training was held in cities such as Beijing and Shanghai, which helped to build the foundation of the NRP in China. To disseminate the NRP throughout China, a multidisciplinary partnership was established among the Chinese Ministry of Health, Chinese Perinatal Society, Chinese Nursing Association, American Academy of Pediatrics, and Johnson and Johnson Pediatric Institute. In July 2003, a task force that consists of representatives from all partners made a 5-year commitment to set up “Freedom of Breath, Foundation of Life: China Neonatal Resuscitation Program.” The objective was to ensure the presence of at least 1 trained health care professional at every delivery. It has been 3 years since the program launched, and many key accomplishments have been made: The Chinese version of the fourth and fifth editions of the NRP manual (created by American Academy of Pediatrics and American Heart Association) was published.Chinese NRP editions were made with Chinese cultural considerations to guide neonatal resuscitation practices in China.Since July 2004, many training sessions have been organized, including a national instructors training, provincial instructors training(s) in 30 provinces (there are a total of 30 provinces in China), and cascading trainings in cities, counties, and townships. To date, 18 240 health care professionals have been trained, among them obstetricians, pediatricians, nurses/midwives, and anesthetists. By the end of 2006, NRP training had covered 99.1% of health care institutions in cities and 59.8% in 20 target provinces.On September 20–23, 2006, the NRP Science Updates and Experience Sharing conference was held in Xian, capital city of Shaanxi in the northwest part of China. One hundred fifty health care professionals from 20 target provinces attended to learn of scientific updates from Drs Keenan and Niemeyer. Each province presented their training reports and summaries; a few of them were rewarded for their excellence of performance.Since the launch of the NRP, many provincial health bureaus included neonatal resuscitation skills into midwifery service licensing. By the end of 2007, it will become a nationwide regulation in midwifery service licensing. Starting in 2007, the Chinese NRP expanded its program elements to add neonatal mortality and morbidity evaluation. We believe the data collected from this evaluation would be valuable, not only to the Chinese NRP but also to the international NRP.

Protective effects of ethanolic extracts of buckwheat groats on DNA damage caused by hydroxyl radicals

Buckwheat, including common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moehch) and tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum Tartaricum Gaerth), is widely cultivated in the northwest part of China and its groats is rich in antioxidant compounds. In order to understand its antioxidant activity, the protective effects of the ethanolic extracts from four buckwheat groats on DNA damage caused by hydroxyl radical are examined by two different methods, and the reducing power, chelating activity, and total phenolic contents are also determined. The results show that the buckwheat ethanol extracts (BEE) possess strong capability to protect DNA from being damaged by hydroxyl radical, which may be attributed to their chelating activity on iron and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity. Among the four buckwheat samples, ethanol extracts from two tartary buckwheat samples show that its DNA protective ability is higher than that from two common buckwheat samples because of their high rutin, quercetin and phenolic content.