AbstractGreen et al.’s (1998) recent contention that the Buhl Paleoindian craniofacial attributes are similar to other North American Indians and East Asian populations is tested here through a principal components analysis based on 16 cranial measurements. The analysis involved the comparison of the cranial morphology of the Buhl specimen with 26 Howells’ modern populations. We also added to the analysis the craniometric data regarding a firmly established South American Paleoindian skull (Lapa Vermelha IV, Hominid I), that shows craniofacial similarities to Africans and Australians. The results corroborate the ideas presented by Green et al.(1998) and Neves et al.(1998a). They suggest that the Americas were colonized in early times by two different populations, one of generalized sapiens, and another of classic Mongoloids, with a short interval of time between the migratory events.