Normal BMI Range Research Articles

The Prevalence of Thinness and Associated Risk Factors among School Going Adolescents in Juba, South Sudan

Background: Adolescence is a stage of growth characterized with intense anabolism. During this stage the body requirements for all nutrients increases. Children at this stage usually have poor feeding habits with limited nutritional awareness. Adolescents are very vulnerable to malnutrition yet for many years, their health has been neglected because they were considered to be less vulnerable to disease than the young children or the elderly. Not until the past decade that their health attracted global attention. As a result this study seeks to ascertain the prevalence of underweight and possible associated factors in the school going adolescents in Juba, South Sudan. Results: About 39.5% (25.2% grade 1, 7.6% grade 2 and 6.7% grade 3) of the participants were underweight with the majority (60.5%) within normal range of BMI. Female students were half as likely to be underweight (OR=0.46, p-value=0.00) compared to their male counterparts. In-take of greens (p-value=0.98) and meat (p-value=0.95) was not associated with underweight. Engagement in physical activity was not associated with underweight (p-value=0.26). Though not significantly associated with underweight, those that walked to school or those that used bicycles were 28% more likely to be underweight compared to those that went to school by either car or bus. Spending leisure time doing sports was not associated with being underweight (p-value=0.31). The number of meals in a day was not associated with underweight. Those that had physical activity at least twice were 15% more likely to be underweight compared to those that had it only once. This was however not significant (p-value=0.84). The amount of pocket money received by the student was not associated with underweight.

Body mass index as a biomarker for the evaluation of the “Obesity Paradox” among inpatients

Overweight and obesity are, on the one hand, recognized as risk factors for many health-related disorders, and, on the other, as favorable prognostic factors in various patients treated for several different conditions; what is called the "obesity paradox". Until now, the existence of this phenomenon among a general population of consecutive inpatients has not been evaluated. We decided, therefore, to perform an evaluation. Historical prospective analysis of the medical documentation of 23603 hospitalizations during two consecutive years in one center was performed. The outcomes measured were as follows: length of stay, in-hospital all-cause mortality, and non-scheduled readmission in the 14-day, 30-day and one-year periods following discharge. Overweight and obese patients had a lower or similar prevalence of the measured outcomes than malnourished patients and those of normal weight. Adjustment of the standard WHO BMI ranges for patients aged ≥65y (normal weight BMI range 23-33kg/m2) made these differences more apparent. In logistic regression, the ratio of fat to fat-free body mass was a stronger and unfavorable risk factor compared with BMI for the measured outcomes. The greatest risk of all-cause in-hospital death and readmission concerned malnourished inpatients. Compared to patients with a normal BMI range, overweight and obesity had a lower or similar (but not greater) risk of the outcomes measured. However, due to several BMI limitations, our observations should be interpreted as suggesting a "BMI paradox", rather than an "obesity paradox".

Assessment of physiological parameters of farm women of Deesa, Gujarat

Rural women are engaged in various strenuous activities related farm, livestock and house hold throughout the day. Rural women play a key role in Indian agriculture and allied sectors. However, they are least concerned about their health. Assessment of their body composition parameters of rural women can be an appropriate base for planning and implementing interventional programmes for improving their health status at grass root level. The present study reports health status of rural women of Deesa taluka in Gujarat by assessing their body composition parameters. It is apparent from results that only one-fourth rural women fell under normal range of BMI and PBF. Looking into the type of body, 30 per cent rural women were standard type, rest were either underweight low fat or over weight. Their mineral and protein components were also below normal range. This is an urgent need to make them aware about altering their diet to get proper nutrition. Interventional programmes must be implemented to improve the situation.

A study on the knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) regarding obesity among engineering college students

Background: Obesity is one of the most prevalent form of malnutrition in both developed and developing countries and affecting both children as well as adults. Obesity is the fifth leading cause of death worldwide. It is also an important risk factor in the natural history of certain chronic non-communicable diseases. Strategies for preventing obesity offer a cost-effective approach in preventing chronic non-communicable diseases. Awareness level is the basic necessity to effect a change in behavior. The objectives of the study were to determine the knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) regarding obesity among students of an engineering college.Methods: The study was a descriptive cross sectional type carried out among students of an engineering college in Chennai, Tamil Nadu. The study was carried out on 240 students of the engineering college after obtaining proper informed consent. The KAP parameters were assessed using pretested structured questionnaire and physical examination for anthropometry to measure BMI was done.Results: 58.3% of the study group were males. It was found that 61% of the participants had normal BMI range and 20% fell above the range of normal BMI (i.e. ≥25) and the remaining were underweight (19%). Among the overweight and obese individuals 54.16% were males and 45.83% were females. 54.16% of the students had knowledge that they were entering into obesity and the rest felt they were normal. 73% had the belief that exercise would help in overcoming obesity. It was found that 70% of them were able to exercise but did not have a regular routine. More alarmingly 89.5% of the students did not take any steps to overcome obesity.Conclusions: The study provides the information that the participant had good knowledge and attitude regarding obesity but failed in practicing necessary measures to control and prevent it. Health education, frequent monitoring and conducting interventional programs among students would be vital.

Time to redefine body mass index categories in chronic diseases? Spotlight on obesity paradox

Obesity is a complex condition classically characterised by excessive body fat accumulation and represents one of the most important public health problems worldwide. Although several epidemiological studies have shown that elevated BMI is associated with higher morbidity, and with increased rate of death from all causes and from cardiovascular disease, accumulating evidence suggests that being overweight or obese may be protective (the so-called obesity paradox), at least in chronic diseases. These observations, not only question the validity of the BMI system, but also raise the intriguing question of whether we should redefine what the normal range of BMI is in individuals suffering from a chronic disease. In the present article, we review the available information on the association between elevated BMI and increased morbidity and mortality including obesity-related paradoxes, explore key aspects of the role and limitations of BMI as a measure of increased adiposity and outline potential solutions to address the current controversies regarding the impact of obesity on human health.

Preferred treatment position between supine and prone for pelvic radiation therapy; quantification of the intrafractional body motion component by 3D surface imaging system

Purpose: We investigated the preferred treatment position between supine and prone during pelvic radiation treatment using real time tracking data from AlignRT. Our findings will provide valuable information regarding the role of intrafractional body motion in answering the question of prone versus supine position for pelvis radiation. Methods: Ten patients receiving pelvic radiation were enrolled in this study. For each patient, two simulation helical CT scans were performed, one in supine and one in prone position. Body surface contours were automatically generated and then exported to the AlignRT system as reference images. AlignRT continuous patient body motion tracking (1.5 to 2 minutes) was performed for both positions for each patient once per week for five weeks. The equivalent patient body motion along three principle directions was calculated from the six degree of freedom real time patient displacements data. The maximum and the standard deviation (STD) of equivalent patient body motion were calculated, so as the average of maximum and STD of equivalent patient motion over five fractions. These were then compared between supine and prone orientations. Results: A correlation was observed between the intrafractional body motion and large BMI. For overweight/obese patients, the intrafractional body motion was smaller for the supine position in both vertical and longitudinal directions. For normal range BMI patients, we observed no clear advantage for either supine or prone position in both vertical and longitudinal directions. In lateral direction, the intrafractional motion did not have statistically difference between two positions. Conclusion: Our study shows that the amount of intrafractional body motion between supine and prone orientation is correlated with patient BMI. Overweight/obese patients experienced significantly less overall body motion in supine orientation. The preferred treatment position for normal BMI patients was seen to be individually variable.

'Knowing what Matters in diabetes: Healthier below 7': results of the campaign's first 10 years (part 2), participants without known diabetes history.

IntroductionType 2 diabetes represents a major problem in many societies. Early detection and, even better, prevention could help to reduce the burden of the disease. Therefore, increased awareness of disorders of glucose metabolism is important. During the campaign ‘Knowing what Matters in diabetes: Healthier below 7’, in the last few years, more than 31 000 shopping mall visitors in Germany were voluntarily checked for their potential diabetes risk.MethodsWith a modified FINDRISK questionnaire, demographic, anthropometric and anamnestic data relevant for the estimation of the potential diabetes risk were collected. In addition, medical data such as plasma glucose, blood pressure (BP), BMI and waist circumference were obtained. Furthermore, lifestyle habits were documented. Hemoglobin (Hb)A1c was assessed randomly in a subgroup of individuals (n=4133). In total, data from 26 522 valid questionnaires were collected and evaluated over 10 years (2005–2014) from 45 single locations throughout Germany. Results from participants with manifest diabetes have already been published in this journal. Here, we report on the results from participants without a previous history of diabetes mellitus.ResultsAmong the 26 522 participants with a completed questionnaire, 21 055 (79.4%) participants did not have a previous history of diabetes. Characteristic risk factors for diabetes were common in this group. With about 17% being obese and 40% being overweight, more than half of these individuals were thus beyond the normal BMI range. In addition, waist circumference exceeded common thresholds in 44% of the participants. As expected, many of them followed an unhealthy lifestyle as 35% reported no regular physical activity and 20% reported an unhealthy diet.The mean BP was 141/85 mmHg. More than half (51%) half of the patients in the nondiabetic group had a systolic BP above 140 mmHg, but only one-third (35%) reported concomitant treatment with antihypertensives. In the questionnaire, 14% of the participants had a FINDRISK sum score of 15 points and above, indicating a moderate or high risk of potentially developing type 2 diabetes within 10 years.Surprisingly, in the subgroup with HbA1c measurements (n=4133), 18.5% of the participants without a diagnosis or a history of diabetes were found to have an HbA1c value of at least 6.5% indicating manifest, previously undetected type 2 diabetes.ConclusionThe data collected in individuals without a known history of diabetes indicate a considerable prevalence of typical risk factors associated with diabetes. In addition, the data confirmed that screening of apparently healthy individuals consistently shows a significant proportion of individuals with previously undetected type 2 diabetes which, in the subgroup, was surprisingly high. As there is convincing evidence for the beneficial effect of relatively simple lifestyle interventions such as an increase of physical activity and avoidance of unfavourable diets, and weight reduction, campaigns such as ‘Knowing what Matters in diabetes: Healthier below 7’ can be an appropriate option to encourage primary prevention among the sedentary population as well as a suitable tool for early disease recognition.Therefore, campaigns such as this should be intensified and options for early preventive intervention should be offered to reduce long-term disease burden and healthcare costs.

Impact of BMI on Visual Reaction Time in Individuals with BMI in Normal Range

Impact of BMI on Visual Reaction Time in Individuals with BMI in Normal Range

The Effect of Strength Training Programme in the Enhancement of Trunk and Hip Muscles Activations among Healthy Females Subject

Research has illustrated that the risk of lower back pain (LBP) among women population is signi?cantly higher owing to the hormonal and reproductive factors such as irregular or prolonged menstrual cycle and hysterectomy. The trunk and hip muscles are regarded as the most affected muscles in LBP patients and as such precise training of these muscles could be of value to the patients. Diverse exercises programmes exist, yet, the appropriate training that could be suitable in stimulating certain groups of muscles for a specified gender remains a challenge. As a result, this study aims to determine the efficacy of a strength training programme (STTP) in improving and stimulating the trunk and hips muscles of female’s subjects. 25 healthy females with normal BMI and ages range from 19 to 24 years performed five sets of strength exercises three times a week for five weeks. Electromyography (EMG) data were collected from 5 muscles of rectus abdominis, external oblique, multifidus, gluteus maximus and gluteus medius. The readings from the EMG were compared after the five weeks interventions (pre and post). An independent t-test was administered to the data collected to study the effectiveness of the STTP between pre and post on the trained muscles. A statistically significant difference of muscle activations between the pre and post on all the assessed muscles were obtained p < 0.05. The finding suggests that STTP intervention is effective in stimulating the females’ pelvic muscles activations. STTP could be a viable means for prevention and rehabilitation of LBP.

Joint Effects of Low Body Mass Index and Alcohol Consumption on Developing Esophageal Squamous Cell Cancer: a Korean Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study

Objective:In Korea, 95% of esophageal cancer (EC) was the squamous cell-type. We sought to determine the combined risk of alcohol consumption on developing esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) in pre-diagnostic underweight subjects using Korean national data.Methods:We analyzed the clinical data from a total of 264,084 individuals aged 40 years or older, who received healthcare checkups arranged by the national insurance program, between 2003 and 2008 in Korea. Cox proportional hazards regression was used after adjusting confounding factors.Result:Newly diagnosed 278 EC was identified using the claims data during a median follow-up duration of 7.9 years. It was determined that underweight and obesity-compared with normal weight-were significantly associated with 73% increased risk and 30% decreased risk of EC, respectively. Weight gain reduced the risk of EC. Alcohol consumption increased risk for EC in a dose-dependent manner. Heavy alcohol consumption in individuals with underweight increased the risk of developing EC dramatically.Conclusion:Underweight was a risk factor for ESCC and alcohol consumption raised the risk synergistically with low BMI. Achieving normal range of BMI could reduce the risk of ESCC.

Clinical study of uterine Leiomyoma and its associated risk factors

Introduction: Uterine leiomyomas have historically been viewed as major indication for hysterectomy. As new therapies have developed, the heterogeneity of this disease has become therapeutically relevant. An awareness of the role of risk factors, growth factors, hormones and genetics in tumor etiology is the key to understanding of this disease. This study was undertaken to know the various risk factors associated with uterine leiomyoma. Objective: To Study the clinical features and various risk factors associated with leiomyoma of uterus. Materials and Methods: This is a hospital based prospective study of 55 uterine leiomyoma cases. After taking consent all cases were enrolled into the study and detailed history regarding mode of presentation, clinical features and various risk factors of uterine leiomyoma was taken, all cases underwent transvaginal ultrasound to know the location of leiomyoma. Specimen of leiomyoma was sent for histopathological examination and analysed. Results: Mean age group of the cases was between 41 – 50 years. Mean age at menarche was 12.9 years. Maximum numbers of cases were in the group of PARA – 2. Abnormal uterine bleeding like Menorrhagia, Polymenorrhea, Metrorrhagia, and Dysmenorrhea were the most common modes of presentation followed by pain and increased urinary frequency. In the present study 49.09% of subjects were above normal BMI range. Individuals with sedentary life style were at higher risk of developing leiomyoma. Intramural was the commonest location of fibroid followed by subserosal and submucus fibroids. On Histopathological examination, leiomyoma was confirmed and Cervicitis was the most common accompanying feature followed by adenomyoisis and degeneration. Conclusion: Leiomyoma of uterus is multifactorial in origin with various factors acting in conjunction. Increased oestrogen exposures due to factors modulate myometrial cells and act as tumor promoters. Reproductive age of patient, early menarche, obesity and parity are most common risk fctors which modulate estrogen response.

A novel HNF4A mutation in the antenatal clinic

A 35-year-old woman with type 1 diabetes attended the antenatal diabetes clinic at the John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, early in the pregnancy of her second child. She had had type 1 diabetes since the age of 13 on the background of a strong family history of type 1 diabetes in her mother, uncle and cousin. She had a normal range BMI pre-pregnancy. Her first pregnancy had been successful with the birth of a son at 37 weeks gestation, weighing 3.5 kg. It was noted in the current pregnancy that she had very tight glycaemic control and that her HbA1c had fallen from 5.9% to 5.3%, using relatively small total daily doses of insulin (Lantus 2 units per day, Novorapid 2–4 units tds), with a tendency towards hypoglycaemia. Given her clinical picture and family history, a query was raised as to her underlying diabetes type. Her GAD and ICA pancreatic auto-antibodies were checked and found to be negative, and her C-peptide level was very low at 277pmol/L, with a concurrent glucose level of 5.0 mmol/L. Monogenic diabetes had already been considered and tested for back in 1999 by the paediatric team. Results from the Department of Molecular Genetics at the Royal Devon & Exeter Hospital stated that she was negative for an HNF1A gene mutation. However, other MODY subtypes had not been tested for and so targeted next-generation sequencing of the known MODY genes on the family's saved samples was requested. No known pathogenic mutation was identified, but a novel heterozy-gous missense variant (p.Thr211Asn, NM_175914.4:c.632C > A) in the HNF4A gene was found. The patient's mother, who was diagnosed with presumed type 1 diabetes at the age of 15, was also heterozygous for the variant. The patient was certainly atypical for type 1 diabetes and the presence of the mutation in the mother would suggest that the mutation is likely to be pathogenic (although there was a 50% chance of the mother having the variant regardless). Despite good glycaemic control, the baby's abdominal circumference was greater than the 97th centile for growth on the 28-week scan. Subsequent growth is demonstrated in Figure 1. At 34 weeks, the patient developed an antepartum haemorrhage, was admitted for IV steroids (to aid fetal lung maturation), and underwent delivery by caesarean section shortly afterwards. The baby's weight was 3.8 kg, which is greater than the 99th centile for this gestational age. Ultimately, it would seem likely that this genetic variant had implications in this pregnancy. HNF4A plays a key role in determining fetal birthweight and mutations result in an increase in birthweight by an average of 800 g.1 Ten percent of HNF4A MODY patients also have transient neonatal hypoglycaemia, although this was not found in this case. Fetal growth increasing above the 75th centile, in spite of good glycaemic control in the mother, is also indicative of good evidence for pathogenicity. As with all forms of diabetes, in a variety of settings, it is important to be increasingly aware of the many different types of monogenic diabetes and their associated complications.2-4 Acknowledgements and references are available in Practical Diabetes online at www.practicaldiabetes.com. Many thanks to: Dr Rustam Rea, Prof Katherine Owen, Dr Lucy MacKillop, Dr Alistair Lumb, Dr Jonathan Levy, Sister Katy Bartlett, Miss Deborah Harrington and Miss Veronica Miller of Oxford University Hospitals Foundation Trust, and Kevin Colclough, Clinical Scientist, Royal Devon & Exeter Foundation Trust.

Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in normal weight individuals.

The prevalence of metabolic syndrome and overweight in individuals with normal body weight is connected with higher exposure to type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. The aim of the study was to evaluate the risk and frequency of occurrence of metabolic syndrome and each of its components among individuals with normal weight. Data were obtained by structured interview, and by measurements of anthropometric factors and blood analyses among 13,172 individuals aged 37-66. The risk of occurrence of metabolic syndrome was analysed in tertiles within the normal range of BMI (18.5-24.9 kg/m2 ). Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed in 17.27% of individuals with normal weight. A significant increase in the risk of occurrence of metabolic syndrome in females was observed within the second (OR = 2.22; 95% CI: 1.63-3.05) and the third (OR = 3.97; 95% CI: 2.97-5.36) tertiles of normal BMI values. In males, a significantly higher risk of occurrence of metabolic syndrome was noted only in the highest BMI tertile (OR = 2.16; 95% CI: 1.26-3.83), compared to the reference level. A high frequency of occurrence of metabolic syndrome risk factors was observed among individuals with BMI close to the upper cut-off point of the normal range. In order to early diagnose metabolically obese individuals with normal weight it is necessary to check the waist circumference when BMI ≥ 22.5 kg/m2 in females, and BMI ≥ 23.8 kg/m2 in males, where abnormal values should be a signal that further examinations should be performed to determine other risk factors of metabolic syndrome.

Nutritional Status of School Going Children Age Group of 6 To 18 Years of Bhotia Tribes of Garhwal Himalaya.

Present study is an attempt to analyse nutritional health status by the use of age and sex specific Body Mass Index thresholds of Bhotia tribal children of Garhwal Himalayas. BMI cut-off points for thinness grades 1, 2, 3 age and sex wise percentile curves passing through BMI of 16, 17, and 18.5 and for normal range of BMI of 18.5 to 23 kg/m2 have been used to evaluate the status of children as thin, normal, overweight and obese. A total of 643 children (336 boys and 307 girls) aged 6 – 18 years had participated in the present study. Bhotia tribe is one of the oldest inhabitants of mountains region of Garhwal and Kumaun, Central Himalaya. Rice and millets is the staple food of Bhotias and salty butter tea or namkeen chai (Jya) is also consumed very frequently by them, wild herbs and medicinal plants also contribute into their diets. Present study revealed that prevalence of grade-one thinness was 13.02 percent among girls and 6.84 percent among boys, Boys also having grade two and three thinness (0.29%), 88.69 percent boys and 75.24 percent girls were having normal BMI. The frequency of overweight individuals was 3.86 percent among the boys and 11.72 percent among girls, No child has been identified as obese. This is probably because the Bhotias lived in high altitude mountainous region where supplies of nutritious and surplus food through out the year is very difficult, but the girls makes a better use of food provided to them and manage to put subcutaneous fat on their body whereas boys has maintained normal health.

Dietary diversity among women in the reproductive age group in a rural field practice area of a medical college in Mandya district, Karnataka, India

Background: Micronutrient malnutrition remains one of the largest nutritional problems worldwide. Monotonous diets based on starchy staples lack essential micronutrients and contribute to the burden of malnutrition and micronutrient deficiencies. Intake of diverse diet is a cost-effective strategy to overcome this problem. The objective of the study was to assess the dietary diversity among women in reproductive age group in a rural field practice area and to determine the nutritional status of the women in the reproductive age group. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted for a period of 3months in the rural area. Women in reproductive age group were included in the present study. A pretested questionnaire was used to obtain the information regarding their socio-demographic profile and food consumed. Dietary diversity score was measured using the food and agricultural organization (FAO) guidelines. Weight, height and waist circumference of the participants were measured to determine their nutritional status. Results: The mean age of the study subjects was 33.68±9.27 years. Majority of them had dietary diversity score (DDS) and food variety score (FVS) score above 5 and 4 respectively. Mean BMI was 23.26±4.31 kg/mt 2 .Fifty percent of them had a Normal BMI range. One third (28.6% ±6.5%) of them were malnourished. The mean waist circumference was 79.31±10.58cms. On application of logistic regression, those aged between 15-30 years had better odds of having DDS of 5 and above (aOR 2.348 CI 0.743-7.424). Subjects with normal BMI range also had better odds of having DDS of 5 and above (aOR 0.861 CI 0.154-4.799). Conclusions: The study found most of the women in the reproductive age group were consuming a diverse diet and those subjects with better dietary diversity score had their body mass index in the normal range.

Is Trunk Posture in Walking a Better Marker than Gait Speed in Predicting Decline in Function and Subsequent Frailty?

BackgroundMany recent guidelines and consensus on sarcopenia have incorporated gait speed and grip strength as diagnostic criteria without addressing early posture changes adopted to maintain gait speed before weakness is clinically evident. ObjectivesOlder adults are known to compensate well for declining physiological reserve through environmental modification and posture adaptation. This study aimed to analyze and identify significant posture adaptation in older adults that is required to maintain gait speed in the face of increasing vulnerability. This would be a useful guide for early posture correction exercise interventions to prevent further decline, in addition to traditional gait, balance, and strength training. DesignA community-based cross-sectional study. Setting and ParticipantsThe participants comprised 90 healthy community-dwelling Chinese men between the ages of 60 and 80 years and 20 Chinese adults between the ages of 21 and 50 years within the normal BMI range as a comparison group. MeasurementsAll the participants underwent handgrip strength testing, 6-minute walk, timed up-and-go (TUG), and motion analysis for gait characteristics. Low function was characterized by slow walking speed (<1.0 m/s) and/or slow TUG (>10 seconds), whereas low strength was determined by hand grip dynamometer testing (<26 kg). The degree of frailty was classified using the Canadian Study for Health and Ageing Clinical Frailty Scale (CSHA-CFS) to differentiate between healthy and vulnerable older adults. ResultsAs expected, the vulnerable older adults had lower functional performance and strength compared with the healthy older adults group. However, a significant number demonstrated posture adaptations in walking in all 3 groups, including those who maintained a good walking speed (>1.0 m/s). The extent of such adaptation was larger in the vulnerable group as compared with the healthy group. ConclusionAlthough gait speed is a robust parameter for screening older adults for sarcopenia and frailty, our data suggest that identifying trunk posture adaptation before the onset of decline in gait speed will help in planning interventions in the at-risk community-dwelling older adults even before gait speed declines.

Comparative Study on Socio-Economic, Somatic and Dietary Status of Elderly People Living in Old Age Home and Community Set Up

Aging is a natural process. Older people are at a risk of malnutrition, not only because of food insecurity, but also due to various social, physiological and health changes with aging. However, very few studies have been done in developing countries to identify and manage their health care needs. Hence, the present study was taken up to assess the socio-economic, somatic and dietary status of elderly people living in old age home and in community set-up in a small town Virudhunagar, Tamil Nadu with a total of 100 subjects (50 from old age home and 50 community dwelling). A questionnaire was developed to record personal data, socio-economic status and dietary pattern. Maximum percentage of elders in the community life belonged to the age group 66-75 years (44%) whereas, majority of elders (44%) in old age home were in the age group of 76-95 years. The anthropometric measurements were recorded using standard procedures. Majority of the respondents from both old age home (75% M and 42.3% F) and community life (65.2% M and 48.2% F) were found to be in normal BMI range. Dietary intake was based on 24 hour dietary recall method. The percentage adequacy for macro and micronutrient intake was better among community life than old age home respondents except for beta carotene. The overall nutritional status of the community life respondents was better than that of old age home. The study recommended regular assessment of nutritional status of elderly population in maintaining their health status.

DISRUPTED COMPLEX BRAIN NETWORK PROPERTIES IN OBESE SUBJECTS

ObjectiveObesity and binge eating disorder have been suggested to be associated with impulsivity and disruption on the cortico-striatal brain network. Here we aimed to examine global network structure in resting...

A comparison of chewing rate between overweight and normal BMI individuals

ObjectivePrevious attempts to identify an ‘obese eating style’ have led to conflicting findings. This observational study compared the chewing features of overweight or obese young adults with those of normal range BMI. We hypothesised that chewing features are individual-specific and differ between participants of a normal BMI and high BMI. MethodsFourteen overweight to obese participants (BMI≥25.0) were pairwise matched with 14 normal range BMI participants (18.5<BMI<25.0). Masticatory muscle activity was recorded using portable recorders during consumption of two rice meals in a laboratory setting and one pizza meal in the natural environment. A previously validated algorithm was used to assess time-frequency features of chewing episodes, including rate, duration, and power. Masticatory performance was assessed by a sieve test and was expressed as the percentage of particles ≤2mm after a standardised chewing test. ResultsRegardless of the meal, chewing rate was remarkably consistent among participants (ICC=0.89; 95% CI=0.79–0.94). Chewing rate did not differ between high and normal BMI participants (p>0.05), whereas chewing power was significantly higher in high BMI participants (p<0.05). No other differences in chewing characteristics were found between BMI groups. Participants chewed at similar rate in the natural environment (pizza) and in the laboratory (rice) setting (p>0.05). Masticatory performance did not differ significantly (p>0.05) between the high (55.9%) and normal (52.4%) BMI groups. ConclusionsWithin the limitations of the present study, chewing characteristics appear to be individual-specific with wide variability. Overweight participants chew at a similar rate to control participants, albeit slightly stronger. Our preliminary findings need to be replicated in larger samples.

PO-0156 Post Treatment Thyroid Disfunction And Obesity In Children With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (all), Non Hodgkin’s Lymphoma

Background In most children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia (ALL) and Non Hodgkin’s Lymphoma (NHL) who have been undergone chemotherapy with and without radiotherapy, some late effects due to treatment may occur such as endocrinopathies. Methods We evaluated growth criteria (including short stature, obesity) and thyroid test function in 50 children with ALL (n = 25) and NHL (n = 25) 3–17 year-old in remission period who randomly received chemotherapy with (n = 25) or without (n = 25) radiation such as our treatment groups. The values for height, weight and BMI in less than 5th or more than 95th percentile considers abnormal. Results Six (12%) patients were in less than 5th percentile height (short stature). Two patients (4.0%) had over-weight and 48 (96%) were in normal range of BMI. Six (12%) patients were in less than 5th and 3 (6%) were in more than 95th weight percentile. There was no significant difference between two different treatment groups for TSH (p = 0.662 (but there was a significant difference between these groups in case of T4 (p = 0.049). Mean and SD for T4 in patients with chemotherapy alone was less than in whom received chemotherapy plus radiotherapy. There was no significant difference between ALL and NHL groups for TSH, T4 (p = 0.567, 0.528 respectively). Two boys with ALL without history of radiation had hypothyroidism that had based on their laboratory data. Conclusion Regarding to effects of thyroid dysfunction on short stature and obesity in adolescent with ALL and NHL, we suggest to have more attention about growth, thyroid test to avoid late side effect of malignancy treatment.