Nonprofit Sector Research Articles

The development and implementation of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) are becoming increasingly important in human activities. Their adoption has expanded across organizational sectors, particularly those seeking innovative solutions and high-impact ideas in international business. This research aims to explore the relationship between ICT and international negotiations within a non-profit organization in Lima. The study utilizes a non-experimental, quantitative, cross-sectional approach with a descriptive correlational design. The data were collected through a questionnaire distributed to a sample of 30 direct collaborators from a non-profit organization in Lima, Peru, regarding the relevant variables. The results revealed a strong positive and significant correlation of 0.985, with a significance level of 0.000, which is less than 0.05. This demonstrates a direct relationship between ICT and international negotiations in the non-profit sector in Lima. The findings suggest that greater interaction with and application of ICT lead to more efficient international negotiations. In conclusion, ICT plays a crucial role in improving the effectiveness of non-profit organizations in Lima. It is recommended that organizations adopt these tools to support decision-making and enhance the efficiency, dynamics, and effectiveness of international negotiations.

Background: Blood flow restriction is proposed as an effective treatment method due to strength gain, muscle mass and pain reduction. This review aimed to evaluate and determine the effects of blood flow restriction training versus conventional training to optimize the functional recovery process in patients with knee pathologies such as rheumatoid arthritis, anterior cruciate ligament rupture and osteoarthritis. Methods: This is a systematic review study. A literature search of studies published from 2015 to 2025 in English and Spanish was conducted in the Medline (PubMed), Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Scopus and Science Direct databases according to the Priority Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. In order to determine the methodological quality and scientific evidence of the studies, the Critical Review Form and Oxford scales were applied. Results: Nine articles with a total sample of 540 subjects were selected. The methodological quality scores ranged from 7 to 12 points, and the studies had a level of evidence of 1b with a grade of recommendation of A. Conclusions: Blood flow restriction training may be an effective alternative to conventional physiotherapy treatment. Funding: This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial or non-profit sectors. Registration: This review was registered on the OSF.

Abstract This quantitative study aimed to examine translators' rights from the perspectives of translators working in the translation job market in Saudi Arabia. This involved examining translators' perceptions of the notion of translator rights by identifying the degree of importance they attach to certain intellectual property, financial, and professional rights. In addition, the study aimed to determine the extent to which translators enjoy such rights, and whether the extent of their perceived enjoyment varies according to the sector in which they are employed. To achieve these aims, the researcher surveyed 108 translators using a semi-structured questionnaire. The data were statistically analyzed, and the findings revealed that the sample of the study believes that intellectual property, financial, and professional rights are important. The findings also revealed that the enjoyment of such rights varies among translators. Finally, the analysis showed that enjoyment of rights was highest among translators working in the non-profit sector compared to those working in other sectors. The implications of the study can be used to raise awareness of the rights of translators and improve their working conditions and social status. The findings can also be used to refine existing guides or codes concerned with the rights of translators.

The latest research from the Nonprofit Finance Fund (NFF) paints a dark picture of the financial state of the nation's nonprofits.

TechSoup and Tech Impact — both leading nonprofit technology organizations — have announced the launch of a new initiative, dubbed the Virtual Chief Technology Officer (CTO) Program for the Nonprofit Sector, that is designed to help small nonprofits adopt, manage, and optimize technology in a cost‐effective and sustainable way.

Less than a year after the changeover in the White House, mounting evidence shows a sector struggling to weather the chaos and unstable operating environment that has emerged in its wake. According to a recent survey conducted by the Taproot Foundation, nonprofits are facing unprecedented pressures from all sides.

This study explores the potential of the seaweed industry in a developing country and aims to develop sustainable marketing and distribution strategies to enhance competitiveness. Despite facing challenges such as limited public awareness of seaweed products, recent advancements in cultivation methods and cross-sector collaborations highlight significant growth opportunities (Tabrani et al., 2024). Utilizing literature reviews, in-depth interviews, and comparative studies, the research identifies the strategic role of the Seaweed Cultivation Center in bridging profit and non-profit sectors. Non-profit initiatives include technological innovation and environmental sustainability efforts, while profit-driven activities focus on efficient production, storage, and marketing through collaborations among cultivators, processors, and the warehouse receipt system. The findings demonstrate that integrating these sectors can enhance product competitiveness and expand market reach, benefiting local micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in developing countries and fostering economic growth. The study underscores the necessity of effective marketing communication strategies and a sustainable distribution system, emphasizing their role in increasing product value and supporting community welfare within the seaweed industry in developing contexts.

The nonprofit sector provides roughly one in ten jobs in the United States. Yet retirement benefits remain uneven and often inadequate compared to those in the public and private sectors. This article examines disparities in nonprofit access to retirement plans and analyzes how organizational and community characteristics shape retirement benefit provision. The study uses panel regression approaches with data from the NCCS Core PC files and the U.S. Census. The analysis shows that most nonprofits do not offer retirement plans, and those that do often contribute only minimally. Larger organizations and those with higher levels of donative revenue are more likely to offer and contribute to retirement plans. By contrast, the arts and humanities nonprofits and nonprofits in communities with lower educational attainment are significantly less likely to do so. Racial and geographic disparities also persist. Nonprofits in whiter communities are more likely to offer plans, though not necessarily at higher contribution levels. These findings underscore the need for targeted policy and philanthropic interventions. Supporting under-resourced organizations in providing competitive retirement benefits can promote workforce stability and advance equity across the nonprofit sector.

The subject of the study is social and economic relations of socially oriented non-profit organizations, which are developing in relation to ensuring economic security of a state. The purpose of the study is to determine the role and place of such organizations in the state–business–society three-sector model, which is the necessary basis for ensuring social and economic security of a state. The research methodology is based on the use of the interdisciplinary theory of the society three-sector model, which is applied to assess the role and place of socially oriented non-profit organizations in ensuring economic security of a state. It has been proved that economic security of a state is formed and supported not only by state institutions, but also by private institutions of the commercial sector, as well as entities of the non-profit sector. Socially oriented non-profit organizations not only act as partners of a state and its population and economic entities of the commercial sector, but also create a deep foundation for social and economic justice and a fundamental basis for social and economic security at the level of people’s consciousness. The sphere of the obtained results application is defined as political activities implementation and civil society formation through the use of legal, economic, social, and other methods, mechanisms, and tools in order to ensure economic security of a state. It has been concluded that the activities of socially oriented non-profit organizations should be regulated according to one of the three proposed models of state regulation, depending on the goal-setting of non-profit organizations and the depth of their tasks to strengthen economic security of a state.

Business Analytics is an field of knowledge that analyzes and understands data in order to assist organizations and decision makers to improve their decisions and to lead to better business outcomes. Those organizations include public, private and non-profit sectors regardless of their size, revenue, or any other factors. E-commerce has several opportunities to harness the significance of business analytics due to the business nature of digital systems and data availability. This study aims to explore the capabilities and the possible research directions in business analytics area to support the maturity of having data driven e-commerce. It also highlights the common challenges that could affect the streamlining of the process. It starts by highlighting the broad categories of business analytics to absorb the main research directions in this area. Then, business analytics applications were discussed briefly to show some of its capabilities to drive enterprises. After that, business analytics practices in the e-commerce environment were discussed to shed light on the possible research directions, that is followed by discussing the common Business analytics challenges that researchers should be aware of. The contribution of this study emphasis the potential of utilizing business analytics as core research by itself or in conjunction with several areas of knowledge to provide useful data driven insights and to drive business outcomes. In addition, the study summarizes several challenges could encounter researchers, and one of the major challenges is the availability of the required data.

ABSTRACT While a substantial body of scholarship underscores the importance of strategic thinking in public relations, the persistent gap between academic recognition and practical implementation warrants deeper and more comprehensive investigation. This study focuses on nonprofit organizations (NPOs), illuminating a critical disparity between the strategic public relations approaches advocated in the literature and their actual application in practice. Drawing on multiple case studies of Israeli NPOs serving children and youth at risk and informed by semi-structured interviews with NPO directors and public relations practitioners, the findings reveal a notable absence of strategic elements in the public relations operations of these organizations. More significantly, the study identifies two interrelated explanations for this gap: (a) the prevailing organizational attitude toward public relations substantially shapes its practice; and (b) a frequent misalignment exists between PR activities and the professional needs and expectations of the organization. The findings suggest that both scholars and practitioners would benefit from more integrated, interdisciplinary frameworks that link public relations with other fields. Such approaches may help reduce organizational resistance and enhance the effectiveness of public relations within the nonprofit sector.

In the early 2000s, governments’ need to understand and prevent the process of radicalization and violent extremism created a strong demand for knowledge. Within a few years, a new field was developed within a range of formal institutions, including governments, universities, the media, and outside of it by private and nonprofit sectors. In this paper, we will address three objectives: (1) identify radicalization and violent extremism expertise types; (2) analyze the specific objects, subjects, and clients; and (3) map the various types of expertise by identifying the particularities of each. The data was collected from experts’ and governments’ reports and websites and interviews with 15 academics, experts, or policymakers from 2018 to 2020 in Europe. Following the expertise theory of Eyal and Pok and the mapping method of Medvetz, the model shows that competition and cooperation between experts lead to different types of expertise, where each has its own goals, type of initiative (outcomes), and agenda in their pursuit of funding and authority in the field. This clarification of roles, tensions, and collaborations among government entities showed that the ambiguity between types of expertise should be viewed as a productive aspect of the field. The study concludes that our model can assist policymakers in understanding the mobilization of expertise.

ABSTRACT This article engages with poststructural theoretical explorations of markets to present a critical account of higher education governance. To do so, I draw upon a case study of higher education massification in Hong Kong. In less than two decades, as part of efforts to evolve a global knowledge-based economy, participation in higher education in Hong Kong has reached a universal level, fuelled mainly by the expansion of a nonprofit private sector. This article seeks to answer two questions. First, what does it mean to have a higher education market from a critical sociological and poststructural point of view? Second, why, in the postcolonial era, has the growth of higher education occurred through private means, in contrast to the late colonial period, when expansion was driven primarily in the public sector? I call attention to the pivotal roles of governmental rationalities in financing higher education to achieve public policy goals. The article concludes by briefly reflecting on the social justice implications of universal higher education for the rescaled state under globalisation, considering not only redistribution but also the opportunity trap as a structural condition produced by markets and governmental rationalities.

Purpose Poor environmental conditions pose profound societal challenges, yet their impact on the nonprofit sector, particularly in terms of financial and organizational sustainability, remains largely unexplored. To address this concern, we investigate how hazardous air quality influences donations and volunteering in nonprofit organizations. Design/methodology/approach Combining county-level US EPA air quality data with 1.63 million IRS Form 990 filings by 248,749 nonprofits between 2010 and 2022, we examine the impact of air pollution on organizations across time and space. Instrumental variables regression and entropy-balancing techniques are employed to address potential endogeneity concerns. Additional analyses examine the roles of industry sub-sector, service orientation, donor sophistication and government funding in conditioning the relationship between air pollution and our two outcome variables. Findings Organizations in areas experiencing more hazardous air quality days are associated with lower levels of donations but higher levels of volunteering. Additional cross-sectional analyses suggest that environmental, health and human service nonprofits experience increased donations in the context of severe air pollution while arts and mutual benefit organizations see increased volunteering. Additional analyses on the conditioning effects of donor sophistication, service orientation, and government funding provide further insights into the empirical relationship between air pollution and nonprofit engagement. Originality/value This study provides one of the first large-N examinations of the organizational impact of localized environmental factors on charitable activity. In providing evidence for how air quality appears to be a robust, but underexplored factor affecting donor and volunteer behavior, our study underscores the importance of understanding how environmental challenges influence civic engagement.

The impact of sanctioning in the nonprofit sector

A scoping review of program evaluations in non-profit alcohol and other drugs service settings: Considerations for service and research partnerships.

Cross-cultural competency has emerged as a critical capability for organizations operating in increasingly diverse and globalized contexts. This article examines how service-learning and community engagement initiatives develop cross-cultural competencies among employees, students, and organizational members. Drawing on empirical research from educational, corporate, and nonprofit sectors, the analysis explores the mechanisms through which structured community engagement builds cultural intelligence, perspective-taking abilities, and adaptive behavioral repertoires. The article presents evidence-based frameworks for designing effective service-learning programs, documents quantifiable organizational and individual outcomes, and offers practical guidance for practitioners seeking to enhance cross-cultural capabilities within their institutions. By integrating academic scholarship with real-world implementation examples, this article demonstrates that well-designed service-learning experiences can accelerate cross-cultural competency development while simultaneously addressing community needs and advancing organizational objectives.

The article examines the use of per-capita normative financing as a type of managerial rating adopted in the system of inter-university competition and its impact on the situation in the Russian higher education system. The objective of the study is to identify the interconnection between the managerial content of per-capita normative financing, as the main instrument of state support for universities, and the destructive social effects of its application. The authors demonstrate that the theoretical foundations of this approach to education financing are based on the ideas of state managerialism, developed to adapt corporate management methods to the needs of the non-profit sector. The main objective of per-capita normative financing is to reduce state budget expenditures by depriving low-ranked universities of budgetary allocations by not allocating them admission quotas. The article provides a qualitative and quantitative measurement of the social effects of this managerial tool. Research methods: document analysis; mass survey of faculty; in-depth interviews with faculty working in pre-university training departments; in-depth interviews with faculty responsible for ensuring employment indicators. It was found that all indicators for standard per capita funding were divided into three categories: socially significant, achieved through imitation; useless, achieved through imitation; and those posing a real threat to the quality of education. Most KPIs are falsified to varying degrees because universities lack the resources to achieve them. The potential for distorted indicators stems from a profound disconnect between the essence of management work and scientific and educational activities. Management is a continuous process of adding up numbers and formalising processes. Science and education are the reproduction of a good, each unit of which requires individual assessment. In the managerialist management model, teachers find themselves completely dependent on a manager indifferent to the meaning of what they manage. Consciously or unconsciously, effective managers demand results at any cost, preferring to ignore the issue of the quality of the goods created. The main goal of normative per capita funding is to eliminate universities unable to meet the required minimum KPIs from the educational services market. Therefore, widespread fraud, amid resource constraints, resulted from adaptation to inherently discriminatory obligations. The authors conclude that regional universities lack the capacity to meet the Ministry of Education and Science's proposed KPIs for normative per capita funding, creating the risk of imitation and leading to a decline in the quality of the educational process, as well as a loss of universities' social value, that could pose serious risks to the country's development.

This study examines the challenges and opportunities of managing electronic waste (e-waste) in the Galapagos Islands, a globally significant yet vulnerable subnational insular jurisdiction (SNIJ). Drawing on theories of Circular Economy (CE) and Political Industrial Ecology (PIE), the research investigates the status of e-waste in the archipelago, the barriers to implementing CE practices, and the institutional dynamics shaping material flows. Using a mixed-methods approach—including archival analysis, participant observation, and semi-structured interviews with key informants from government, private, and nonprofit sectors—the findings presented here demonstrate that e-waste management is hindered by limited capital, infrastructure, public awareness, and fragmented governance. While some high-capital institutions can export e-waste to mainland Ecuador, most residents and low-capital entities lack viable disposal options, leading to accumulation and improper disposal. The PIE analysis yielded findings that highlight how institutional power and financial capacity dictate the sustainability of e-waste pathways, with CE loops remaining largely incomplete. Despite national policy support for CE, implementation in Galapagos remains aspirational without targeted financial and logistical support. This case contributes to broader discussions on waste governance in island settings and underscores the need for integrated, equity-focused strategies to address e-waste in small island developing states (SIDS) and SNIJs globally.

ABSTRACT This paper examines the current state of Interreg and proposes financial, procedural and product innovations to enhance its future functioning. The analysis is based on a content review of relevant primary and secondary documents, as well as qualitative research conducted among stakeholders within the framework of multi-level governance in the Czech Republic and Germany. The perspectives of policymakers, managers and representatives of institutions and the non-profit sector are particularly significant in light of the ongoing planning process for Interreg in the 2028–2034 budgetary period. The findings indicate that respondents advocate for maintaining or increasing the current financial allocation for Interreg, optimizing the project selection process, preserving the system of shared management between participating countries, and expanding the existing thematic priorities of cooperation. A particularly noteworthy conclusion in the realm of product innovation is the respondents’ willingness to experiment with cross-border cooperation, particularly regarding new legal forms (e.g. the establishment of cross-border Integrated Territorial Investments – ITIs) and cross-border start-ups or spin-offs.