Non-inflammatory Lesions Research Articles

Comparison of red light and blue light therapies for mild-to-moderate acne vulgaris: A randomized controlled clinical study.

Red and blue light therapies are safe and effective treatments for mild-to-moderate acne vulgaris. However, very few previous studies have directly compared the characteristics of these two methods. To compare the efficacy and side effects of red light (RL) and blue light (BL) for acne vulgaris and to assess these two therapies in different types of lesions. A total of 28subjects with mild-to-moderate acne vulgaris were randomized into the RL group or the BL group. Subjects in each group received different light treatments, and they were followed up regularly until 2weeks after the last treatment. The improvement rates of different types of acne lesions were compared between the 2groups, as well as the incidence of adverse reactions. At the 2-week follow-up, the average improvement rate of total acne lesions was 36.2% in the RL group and 30.7% in the BL group (p>.05). The average improvement rate of inflammatory and non-inflammatory lesions was 51.5% and 17.3% in the RL group, compared with 26.4% and 10.0% in the BL group (all p>.05). Treatment-related adverse reactions were observed distinctly in the BL group. Red light and BL therapies have similar efficacy in mild-to-moderate acne vulgaris, especially for inflammatory lesions. RL had advantages with fewer adverse reactions compared with BL.

Comparison of Nadifloxacin's Safety and Effectiveness to Clindamycin at a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital in the Deccan Plateau

One frequent skin condition is acne vulgaris marked by excessive sebum production and sebaceous gland irritation, which is frequently made worse by Propionibacterium. It has been discovered that antimicrobials such nadifloxacin and clindamycin are useful in treating acne. This study compared the effectiveness of nadifloxacin and clindamycin when taken in individuals with acne vulgaris in terms of the number of inflammatory and non-inflammatory lesions and the overall improvement score. The research cohort was divided into the clindamycin group and the nadifloxacin group at random for this investigation. Clindamycin, benzoyl peroxide, and nadifloxacin were the available local treatments. Patients were directed to cover afflicted regions of acne lesions with a thin coating of medicine at night, such as nadifloxacin gel, clindamycin gel, or benzoyl peroxide gel. By evaluating changes in the total amount of inflammatory and non-inflammatory lesions to use a six - point likert scale to gauge overall improvement at the conclusion of the treatment, the efficacy of the treatment was assessed. In groups of two, the quantity of inflammatory and non-inflammatory lesions reduces with time, with no discernible difference in lesion counts in between the two groups, according to the results. Yet, more patients who used nadifloxacin with benzoyl peroxide than those who used clindamycin with benzoyl peroxide had positive results. In neither group did a patient describe their lesions becoming better or getting better. No apparent difference could be seen in the frequency of unfavourable events between the two treatment groups during the research, and only two adverse events—a burning feeling and dryness—were noted. Finally, it was discovered that the novel fluoroquinolone topical nadifloxacin was safe, efficient, and able to treat mild to moderate face acne. When used with benzoyl peroxide, it had a clinical efficacy that was comparable to clindamycin.

Topical application of bacteriocins from Bacillus subtilis promotes Staphylococcus aureus decolonization in acneic skin and improves the clinical appearance of mild-to-moderate acne.

Patients with mild-to-moderate acne are frequently colonized by Staphylococcus aureus on their skin, which alters microenvironmental skin conditions and exacerbates disease symptoms. Bacteriocins produced by Bacillus subtilis may act as antimicrobial peptides against Gram-positive bacteria. To investigate whether topical application of bacteriocins from B. subtilis could serve as a potential strategy for promoting S. aureus decolonization from acneic skin. The research product was a cream formulation containing 1% bacteriocins from B. subtilis. First, we conducted a 60-day pilot study on the effect of topically applied bacteriocins from B. subtilis on the absolute abundance of S. aureus in 12 patients with mild-to-moderate acne. Second, we designed an 8-week, uncontrolled, open-label, multicentre clinical study to investigate whether the topical application of bacteriocins from B. subtilis reduces the number of inflammatory and non-inflammatory lesions, as well as Global Acne Grading Scale (GAGS) scores, in 373 patients with mild-to-moderate acne. At the microbiological level, quantitative PCR showed a decrease in the absolute abundance of S. aureus in acne areas after topical application of the research product for 60 days (-38%, p < 0.001). In the clinical study, the number of inflammatory and non-inflammatory lesions was found to decrease at 8 weeks by 59% (p < 0.001) and 58% (p < 0.001), respectively, compared with baseline. A 56% decrease was observed for GAGS scores. Topical bacteriocins from B. subtilis can promote S. aureus decolonization in acneic skin, ultimately improving the clinical appearance of mild-to-moderate acne.

Effect of Thirteen Kinds of Photodynamic Therapeutic Schedule on Inflammatory and Non-Inflammatory Lesions in Acne Patients—A Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Effect of Thirteen Kinds of Photodynamic Therapeutic Schedule on Inflammatory and Non-Inflammatory Lesions in Acne Patients—A Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Efficacy and Safety of 30% Supramolecular Salicylic Acid Peeling Combined with Isotretinoin Erythromycin Gel in the Treatment of Moderate-to-Severe Acne Vulgaris: A Comparative Study

Background: Both 30% supramolecular salicylic acid (SA) and isotretinoin erythromycin gel (IEG) have proven efficacy with good safety profiles in the treatment of acne vulgaris. Objectives: This study compared the clinical efficacy and safety of 30% SA peeling and IEG in the treatment of moderate-to-severe acne vulgaris. Methods: Patients with moderate-to-severe acne vulgaris were randomized into 3 groups of 30 persons each, and treated with SA peel, or IEG, or SA combine with IEG (SA + IEG group). Evaluation of acne was done by effective rate and individual lesion counts. And the adverse effects and recurrence were recorded. Results: The SA + IEG group was better in clinical efficacy and treating noninflammatory and inflammatory lesions than that of single treatment group (P 0.05). Conclusion: 30% SA combined with IEG had a significant effect in the treatment of moderate-to-severe acne lesions.

Central and Peripheral Nervous System Complications of Vasculitis Syndromes From Pathology to Bedside: Part 1-Central Nervous System.

Purpose of ReviewThe aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive update on the clinical assessment, diagnosis, complications, and treatment of primary central nervous system vasculitis (PCNSV).Recent FindingsThe developments in neuroimaging, molecular testing, and cerebral biopsy have enhanced clinical assessment and decision making, providing novel insights to prevent misdiagnosis increasing diagnostic certainty. Advances in imaging techniques visualizing the wall of intracranial vessels have improved the possibility to distinguish inflammatory from non-inflammatory vascular lesions. Large recent studies have revealed a more varied histopathological pictures and disclosed an association with amyloid angiopathy. Unfortunately, therapy remains largely empiric.SummaryPCNSV is a heterogeneous group of disorders encompassing different clinical subsets that may differ in terms of prognosis and therapy. Recent evidence has described a more benign course, with good response to therapy. New diagnostic techniques will play soon a pivotal role in the appropriate diagnosis and prompt management of PCNSV.

Efficacy of a Retinoid, Keratolytic, Anti-Inflammatory and Antibacterial Gel and Spray Formulations in Mild Common Acne

Background and Objectives: For the treatment of mild/moderate acne, topical retinoids and antibacterial molecules are used in monotherapy or in combination. An exfoliating and anti-inflammatory action can increase the clinical efficacy of this therapeutic approach. A topical product in Gel and Spray Formulations (GF and SF) with retinoids (hydroxypinacolone retinoate and encapsulated retinol), with anti-inflammatory (niacinamide), antibacterial (biopep15) and keratolytic (glycolic and salicylic acids) activity has recently been developed. Topical retinoids have anti-inflammatory, anti-seborrheic and anticomedone-formation properties. Biopep15 is an oligopeptide with antibacterial action that can interfere with lipoteichoic acid, a component of the wall of Cutibacterium acnes. In addition, Biopep15 can perform also an antagonistic action against the Toll-Like-Receptor 2, involved in the pathogenesis of acne. Niacinamide has a well-known anti-inflammatory action. Salicylic and glycolic explain keratolytic and exfoliating activities. In this study the objective was to determine the efficacy and tolerability of GF and SF in mild/ moderate comedogenic acne. Methods: In a 4-week, open-label, prospective trial, 32 patients between the ages of 15 and 30 have been evaluated. All participants gave their written consent. Treatment with gel (for facial lesions) and spray (for lesions located on thorax, back and shoulder) applied twice daily were used. To assess clinical efficacy, a count of comedogenic lesions (open and closed comedones; non-inflammatory lesions: NIL) and inflammatory lesions (IL; papules, and pustules) was performed and the reduction in the number of lesions after 2 and 4 weeks of treatment was evaluated. An evaluation of Total lesions count (TL; NIL+IL) was also performed.The lesion count data were analysed with a paired Student's t test.We evaluated also the exfoliating/keratolytic activity and the effect on sebum production assessed at baseline, after 2 and 4 weeks of treatment. Finally, to evaluate Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes) skin colonization, we performed a fluorescence detection of skin porphyrin content at baseline and at day 28, by mean of Visiopor PP 34 camera. Results: All patients completed the trial. At baseline the NIL, IL and TL count were 14.3, 8.7 and23, respectively. After 2 weeks of GF/SF treatment, NIL, IL and TL significantly decreased to 9.7 (-32%), 6.8 (-22%) and 16.5 (-29%), respectively. At the end of the treatment, a significant reduction in comparison with baseline was observed for NIL (-49%) IL (-63%) and TL (-54%). The exfoliating index evaluated in comparison with baseline value improved not significantly by 13% at day 14, and significantly (p=0.05) by 18% at day 24. The Cutibacterium acnes skin colonization area was significantly (p=0.02) reduced by 28% in comparison with baseline. Treatment was well tolerated, and local tolerability was assessed as optimal by all patients. Conclusion: This new anti-acne combination formula based on retinoids, antibacterial oligopeptide, keratolytic and anti-inflammatory agents have shown high clinical efficacy and good tolerability in patients with mild to moderate acne. The treatment shows also a keratolytic effect and a significant reduction of C. acnes skin colonization.

Relationship between Acne and Diet: A Trial Review

This paper reviews evidence presented by A Randomized, Controlled trial called a Low glycaemic load diet is shown to be effective in treating acne vulgaris in Korean patients, both clinically and histologically, suggesting that dietary variables, such as dietary variables, such as glycaemic load, is involved in the pathophysiology of acne. According to this article, investigation has proposed that dietary, especially Glycaemic load, have a role in the evolution of Acne Vulgaris. The study's goal was to see how a low glycaemic load diet influenced acne vulgaris lesions clinically and histologically. In a ten-week dietary intervention research, Participants with varying degrees of acne were randomly assigned to either a low GI load diet or a control group diet cohort. The outcomes indicate that the glycaemic load was successfully reduced. In the low-GI cohort, the percentage of non-inflammatory and inflammatory acne vulgaris lesions reduced substantially. Histopathological findings indicate that the low glycaemic load group had small pilosebaceous glands, less redness, and lower levels of Sterol Binding Protein -1and Interleukin -1 in skin samples. Acne had improved after reducing the glycaemic amount of the diet for ten weeks.

A Prospective, Randomised, Controlled, Split-Face Clinical Trial to Assess the Safety and the Efficacy of Cold Atmospheric Plasma in the Treatment of Acne Vulgaris

The increase in antibiotic resistance requires effective non-antibiotic therapies for acne. Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) inactivates bacteria and improves wound healing, but its effect on acne has not been investigated. The objective of this controlled split-face study was to assess safety and efficacy of CAP in moderate acne. One side of the face received 8–10 treatments with cold helium plasma within 4–6 weeks; follow-up was two and four weeks thereafter. Acne lesions were counted, followed by global acne severity ratings. Of the 34 patients included, 29 completed the study. No serious adverse events occurred. The two facial sides did not significantly differ in the number of inflammatory and non-inflammatory lesions. An interaction effect of number and type of treatment was found for inflammatory lesions. Lesion reduction after 10 treatments was significantly higher on the treated than on the untreated side. Percentage of patients reporting improved aesthetics was higher for the treated than for the untreated side after treatment completion (79% vs. 45%) and at the two- (72% vs. 45%) and four-week follow-up (79% vs. 52%). In conclusion, CAP was safe with excellent tolerability, showed moderate reduction in acne lesions and led to higher patient-based ratings of aesthetics than non-treatment.

New NICE guidance on acne vulgaris: implications for first-line management in primary care.

Acne Vulgaris: Management , published on 25 June 2021, is a National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guideline for patients with acne, their families and carers, their healthcare professionals, and commissioners.1 It does not consider neonatal acne. This article highlights parts of the guideline that cover skin care advice and first-line medication options in the management of acne. The guideline also covers further areas such as ‘Referral to specialist care’, ‘Oral isotretinoin’, Physical treatment’, ‘Relapse’, Maintenance treatment’, and ‘Management of acne-related scarring’, which will not be covered in this article. Acne vulgaris is one of the commonest inflammatory skin conditions, reported to create 3.5 million general practice consultations per year in the UK.2 It usually affects adolescents and young adults, and can last for several years. Acne vulgaris most commonly affects the face but chest, back, and shoulders may be involved. Lesions are a combination of non-inflammatory (comedones) and inflammatory lesions (papules, pustules, cysts, nodules), often leading to scarring. The committee agreed to grade acne vulgaris into ‘Mild to Moderate’ or ‘Moderate to Severe’ in order to conduct separate network meta-analysis, while accepting that acne lies along a continuum. This is easily accomplished in busy clinics and provides a baseline for assessing treatment response. Mild-to-moderate acne vulgaris includes patients who have one or more of:

Quercetin loaded cosm-nutraceutical electrospun composite nanofibers for acne alleviation: Preparation, characterization and experimental clinical appraisal

In the cosmeceutical field, it is essential to develop topical delivery systems which would allow drugs to create a depot and permeate within the skin. The aim of the present study was to develop composite nanofibers of polyvinyl alcohol/quercetin/essential oils using the electrospinning technique, and assess their efficiency in acne alleviation. Quercetin was chosen due to its anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and antibacterial activities. Nanofibers were characterized for their morphology, ex-vivo deposition/permeation, physical/mechanical integrity, thermal properties, and chemical characteristics. In addition, the anti-bacterial efficacy was tested on Propionibacterium acne (P. acne), and a cytotoxicity assay was carried out. Lastly, an experimental clinical trial was conducted on acne patients, where the percentage reduction of inflammatory, non-inflammatory and total acne lesions was taken as evaluation criterion. Results showed that quercetin was successfully loaded into the nanofibers which were homogenously dispersed. They showed a reasonable skin deposition percentage of 28.24% ± 0.012, a significantly higher antibacterial efficacy against Propionibacterium acne than quercetin alone, and were utterly safe on skin fibroblastic cells. Upon clinical examination on acne patients, the nanofibers showed 61.2%, 14.7%, and 52.9% reduction of inflammatory, comedonal, and total acne lesions respectively, suggesting a promising topical anti-acne delivery system.

A Pharmacovigilance Study of Topical Acne Monotherapy with 0.1% Adapalene, and A Molecular Analytical Review of Adapalene in Evidence-Based Dermatopharmacological Treatment

Acne vulgaris causes cosmetic impairment. User-friendly anti-acne monotherapy with adapalene has activity against the acne pathophysiology, with very minimal adverse effects. Retinoids, like adapalene, are comedolytic and anti-inflammatory. This study was conducted as a pharmacovigilance study of topical acne monotherapy with 0.1% adapalene, and a molecular analytical review of adapalene in evidence-based dermatopharmacological treatment. A prospective, open- labelled study was done, on 75 patients, with mild to moderate acne. Patients applied 0.1% adapalene topical monotherapy, once daily in the evening, over affected areas on the face, and left overnight. Efficacy was measured by percentage reduction in non-inflammatory, inflammatory and total lesion counts on 0, 15, 30, 60 and 90 days; and severity of lesions was assessed by Investigator’s Global Evaluation Scale and the occurrence of adverse effects like erythyma, dryness, scaling, burning and pruritus, were assessed by the Local Irritation Scale, among the patients receiving the monotherapy. An analytical review of the molecular pharmacology of adapalene in evidence-based dermatopharmacological treatment was thoroughly performed. The patients showed highly significant reduction in total lesion counts from baseline. No serious adverse effects were observed; and the observations were statistically non-significant. The molecular analytical review described significantly effective evidence-based dermatopharmacological response mechanisms of adapalene therapeutics. Topical 0.1% adapalene monotherapy was effective and safe, with significant evidence-based molecular dermatopharmacological efficacy.

Acute CoVID-19-associated bilateral neuropathy of the abducens nerve in a child

We have presented the first description of acute bilateral neuropathy of the abducens nerve associated with COVID-19 in a child.A boy aged 2 years 2 months acutely developed bilateral convergent strabismus, the next day fatigue, drowsiness, and a single vomiting not associated with food intake, were joined. A differential diagnosis was performed between brainstem encephalitis, other organic (non-inflammatory) lesions of the brain stem, and idiopathic bilateral neuropathy of the abducens nerves. According to laboratory data, mild lymphocytosis, mild eosinophilia were detected, according to polymerase chain reaction DNA of the herpes virus type 1/2, cytomegalovirus, herpes virus type 6, Epstein-Barr, tick-borne encephalitis, borrelia, anaplasma, RNA ehrlichia were not detected. IgM and IgG to tick-borne encephalitis were not detected. Neurophysiological and neuroimaging examinations did not reveal any pathology. On the 6th day of the disease, SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected by polymerase chain reaction of the nasopharynx and oropharynx discharge. The final diagnosis was formulated. — bilateral neuropathy of the abducens nerves. Bilateral convergent paralytic strabismus. Concomitant diagnosis: new coronavirus infection, subclini-cal form (positive by polymerase chain reaction in the discharge from the throat and nose of the 2019-nCoV coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) RNA). Decrease in the severity of strabismus was noted over time against the background of the therapy.Clinicians dealing with the COVID-19 should also pay attention to its ophthalmological manifestations and take into account that it can debut with them, as was in our case.

Assessment of Calprotectin in blood and tissue of Acne Vulgaris patients of different clinical severities

Abstract Background Acne vulgaris is a multifactorial inflammatory skin disease of the pilosebaceous unit with complex pathogenesis. Calprotectin is a heterodimer of two calcium-binding proteins S100A8 and S100A9, which are members of the S100 protein family, and which play a role in various inflammatory processes, it is mainly present in the cytoplasm of neutrophils and expressed on the membrane of monocytes. Objective to assess the level of Calprotectin in blood and in tissue of AV patients and compare it with healthy controls. Beside correlate it with the degrees of severity of acne in order to further understand the role of Calprotectin in the pathogenesis of AV. Subjects and Methods This case-control study included 28 subjects who have AV, divided into four groups according to Global Acne Grading System: the first group included 7 patients with mild acne, the second group included 7 patients with moderate acne, the third group included 7 patients with severe acne, and the fourth group included 7 patients with very severe AV. In addition to a control group which included 28 apparently healthy individuals of matched age, sex and with no previous history of acne or active acne. All the patients were recruited from the outpatient clinic of Al Haud Al Marsoud hospital from September 2019 till January 2020. After taking the approval of research ethics committee (FMASU M S 22/2019) all subjects gave an informed consent to participate in this work. Results Our study showed that the increase in AV severity was not affected by the difference in gender, type of acne, nor disease duration. However, there was a significant correlation between plasma calprotectin level and AV severity. In addition to, There was a significant statistical correlation between the increase in the age of patients and the decrease in the severity of acne, which indicates that AV is more severe in younger patients than older ones. The correlation between the Plasma Calprotectin level in patients group and Tissue Calprotectin level in inflammatory lesions (papules) was non-significant. However, the correlation between the Plasma Calprotectin level in patients’ group and Tissue Calprotectin level in non-inflammatory lesions (comedones) was highly significant. Conclusion Plasma Calprotectin level showed significant relation with AV severity and presence of scar. The correlation between plasma Calprotectin level and tissue Calprotectin level in noninflammatory lesions (comedones) was highly significant.

Skin Microbiota in Non-inflammatory and Inflammatory Lesions of Acne Vulgaris: The Underlying Changes within the Pilosebaceous Unit.

Acne vulgaris is a common chronic inflammatory skin disease of the pilosebaceous unit. Clinical manifestations include seborrhea, non-inflammatory lesions, inflammatory lesions, or scar formation. Fourteen eligible participants of either sex, aged 18-28years old, with mild to moderate acne lesions, were recruited in this observational study. The contents of 10 pilosebaceous units of non-inflammatory (comedones) and inflammatory lesions (papules and pustules) were collected from each participant's face and examined by amplicon metagenomics sequencing and real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Male participants, participants with a higher body mass index (BMI) than normal, and participants younger than 20years old, were revealed to have a higher proportion of Malassezia in their non-inflammatory lesions than that in inflammatory lesions. There was an increased abundance of Malassezia restricta (M. restricta) and Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes) in the non-inflammatory group. Correlation analysis indicated that Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis) and M. restricta have similar proliferation trends with C. acnes during the transformation from non-inflammatory to inflammatory lesions. M. restricta probably involve in the microecological balance within the pilosebaceous unit.

27615 Impact of body mass index (BMI) on efficacy of three topical acne treatments in patients with moderate-to-severe acne

Acne prevalence may be higher in overweight/obese individuals, potentially due to hormonal, inflammatory, and/or dietary factors. However, BMI effect on topical acne treatments is largely unknown. This post hoc analysis investigated BMI impact on efficacy of clindamycin/benzoyl peroxide 1.2%/3.75% gel (C/BPO), tretinoin 0.05% lotion (polymeric emulsion), and tazarotene 0.045% lotion (polymeric emulsion) using data from 5 phase 3, double-blind studies. Participants with moderate-to-severe acne (Evaluator’s Global Severity Score 3 or 4) were randomized 1:1 to once-daily drug or vehicle for 12 weeks. Data were analyzed by BMI subgroup: <25 kg/m2 (underweight-to-normal), 25-<30 kg/m2 (overweight), and ≥30 kg/m2 (obese). A total of 495, 1636, and 1612 participants were included in C/BPO, tretinoin, and tazarotene analyses, respectively. In all active-treatment groups, inflammatory lesions were reduced by over 50% at week 12, regardless of BMI (range of least-squares mean percent change from baseline: C/BPO, -56.0% to -63.2%; tretinoin, -53.1% to 57.6%; tazarotene, -56.8% to -59.9%). Similar improvements in noninflammatory lesions were observed regardless of BMI, with reductions ranging from -44.9% to 56.7% across all 3 products. For vehicle-treated participants, formulation type may have affected responses; greater lesion reductions were observed with polymeric-emulsion lotion vehicles vs gel vehicle and improvements with both polymeric-emulsion vehicles were greatest in obese participants. In summary, BMI did not affect treatment outcomes with 3 topical acne medications (C/BPO 1.2%/3.75% gel, tretinoin 0.05% lotion, tazarotene 0.045% lotion); results are notable given the limited clinical data on BMI and potential impacts on the efficacy of acne treatments.

Application of red light therapy for moderate-to-severe acne vulgaris: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Photodynamic therapy had made great progress in the treatment of acne vulgaris. However, there is no meta-analysis on the effectiveness and safety of red light therapy for acne vulgaris. To assess the efficiency and safety of red light therapy for acne vulgaris. PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and Web of Science were retrieved to identify related studies. The outcomes were expressed as improvement in the average percentages of inflammatory acne lesions (MPRI) and non-inflammatory acne lesions (NMPRI), as well as the improvement of acne lesions respectively after treatment. 13 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) consisting of 422 participants were included. There was no significant difference in the average number of non-inflammatory lesions (weighted mean difference (WMD=-0.527; 95% CI,-3.055~2.001; p=0.683). Moreover, there was no statistically significant difference in the average number of inflammatory lesions (WMD =0.701; 95% CI, -0.809~2.212; p =0.363). In the subgroup analysis of the outcome changes in comedones, pustules, papules, and total lesions, it was found that red light therapy elicited no significant superiority compared with other conventional treatment methods (WMD=-1.125; 95% CI, -3.122~0.873; p=0.270). Adverse events of the red light group were generally mild or even completely non-existent. There was no statistically significant difference between red light therapy and traditional therapies in terms of efficacy. However, due to the heterogeneity of the researches and the lack of large sample size, the result of this study needs to be interpreted with caution.

The Anti-Acne Effect of Near-Infrared Low-Level Laser Therapy.

BackgroundAcne vulgaris is a skin problem affecting many people of different ages. Phototherapy is one of the acne treatment options. The aim of the study was to assess the effect of near-infrared low-level laser therapy on acne lesions.Materials and MethodsThe prospective study involved a total number of 27 women, aged 18 to 45 years, with mild to severe acne. All the participants underwent a series of six treatments with the use of a 785 nm low-level laser with the power density 80mW/cm2, performed every two weeks. The analysis of the effectiveness of the performed procedures was based on sebumetric examination, photographic documentation and assessment of the change in the number of acne lesions.ResultsSignificant improvements in acne lesions (assessed as non-inflammatory and inflammatory lesion counts) and a significant decrease in skin sebum excretion were observed after the treatment. No adverse effects were reported.ConclusionA series of six treatments using a near-infrared low-level laser represents a safe and effective non-invasive therapy option for acne vulgaris.

Comparison of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) serum level in inflammatory and non-inflammatory acne vulgaris

Background: Acne vulgaris is a chronic and self-limiting inflammation disorder of the pilosebaceous unit, generally manifested in adolescents with polymorphic lesions, such as comedones, papules, nodules, and cyst. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a member of neurotrophins that can be downregulated because of stress. It is suspected that a lower BDNF level is induced inflammatory process, although its relationship with acne vulgaris has not been widely studied. This study compared BDNF serum levels in the inflammatory and non-inflammatory type of acne vulgaris.Methods: This is analytical observational research with a cross-sectional design that involved 31 acne vulgaris patients with inflammatory lesions and 31 acne vulgaris patients with non-inflammatory lesions. Each subject was interviewed and going through dermatology examinations, followed by blood sampling to assessed their BDNF serum levels through the ELISA test. The collected data were analyzed statistically using an independent T-test. P&lt;0.05 was significant.Result: The mean BDNF serum levels in acne vulgaris patients were 32,53±6,32 ng/ml. In subjects with inflammatory-type lesions, the mean BDNF level is 27,55±3,31 ng/ml. While, in the non-inflammatory type lesions group, the mean BDNF is 37,51±4,37 ng/ml. The BDNF serum level is significantly lower in inflammatory-type subjects than in non-inflammatory type (p &lt; 0,001).Conclusion: There was a significant difference in serum BDNF levels between the inflammatory and non-inflammatory type acne groups.

A CONCEPTUAL STUDY ON ETIOLOGY AND AYURVEDIC MANAGEMENT OF MUKHADUSHIKA W.S. R TO ACNE VULGARIS: A REVIEW

Ayurveda is considered an ancient healthcare system of India which is based on the eternal principle of healthy life. The whole clinical approach of Ayurveda is based on the preventive, promotive &amp; curative aspects that aim of Ayurveda. Now a days, the whole world is gradually turning towards Ayurveda for a safe and complete cure of diseases, especially in the field of skin problems, Ayurveda can contribute remarkably. Skin is known as the larg- est organ of the human body, which performs many functions like thermoregulation, vitamin D synthesis, sensory perception, immunological function etc. But besides this, it also seems an important symbol of beauty. Acne vul- garis is the most common problem affecting the normal texture of skin bothering teenagers today. This skin con- dition lights the mankind and caricature of youth. Acne vulgaris is known as a disease of the pilosebaceous folli- cle characterized by non-inflammatory (open and closed comedones) and inflammatory lesions (papules, pustules, and nodules). Four major factors involved in the disease production are inflammation, rise in sebum production, cornification of pilosebaceous ducts and microbial involvement. In Ayurveda, Shalmali thorn-like eruptions on the face of a youth caused by Kapha, Vata and Rakta are known as Yuvanpidika. They are also known as Mukha- dushika.1The painful eruptions packed with Meda, similar to the thorns of Shalmali having their site on the face of adults are known as Yuvanpidika2. This article describes the Ayurvedic review of Mukhadushika with Nidan, Pur-varoop, Roop, Samprapti and Chikitsa along with its modern counterpart of Acne with its definition, causative factors, and types of acne, complications and treatment modalities. Keywords: Mukhadushika, Ksudrarogas, Yuvanpidika, Acne vulgaris, Shalmali