To quantitatively evaluate noise exposure during pediatric ear procedures for children with developmental disorders, with a focus on screaming behavior and assess its implications for both patient-centered care and occupational safety. We conducted a prospective observational study of 66 children who underwent earwax removal at a medical center in Japan. The noise levels were measured using smartphone-based sound-level meters and a calibrated dosimeter. Acoustic parameters (LAeq, LCeq, and LCpeak) were analyzed, and the screaming behavior was classified based on the peak sound pressure levels. Subgroup analyses were performed according to diagnosis, sex, age, and developmental quotient. The mean LAeq and LCpeak were 78.0 dBA and 114.2 dBC, respectively. LAeq exceeded 85 dBA in 27.7% of cases and exceeded 100 dBA in 93.6% of cases, indicating a risk of acute noise-induced hearing loss. Assistants positioned directly in front of the patients were exposed to significantly higher levels than physicians. Screaming behavior was strongly associated with autism spectrum disorder (odds ratio: 6.28, p = 0.002), but not with developmental quotient scores. Spectral analysis revealed elevated sound pressure in the 500-4000 Hz range. Furthermore, the cumulative noise dose could exceed the recommended daily limits within minutes, underscoring the acute risk of short-term peaks rather than chronic exposure. Pediatric ear procedures involving children with developmental disorders can generate hazardous noise, particularly during screaming episodes in children with autism spectrum disorder. These findings highlight the dual need to reduce patient distress through sensory-adapted environments and protect healthcare providers from acute acoustic trauma. 2c.

The digits-in-noise (DIN) test is a validated tool for assessing speech reception thresholds in noise and is widely used in hearing screening. The diotic DIN condition presents identical digits and noise to both ears, whereas the antiphasic condition uses phase-inverted digits, which may enhance sensitivity to specific types of hearing loss. This study aimed to evaluate whether the antiphasic DIN condition better predicts various types of hearing loss than the diotic condition, with a particular focus on its value in identifying patterns suggestive of noise-induced hearing loss in adolescents. This was a cross-sectional study conducted among 2851 adolescents aged 16 to 22 years participating in a population-based cohort study. All participants underwent pure-tone audiometry, tympanometry, and both diotic and antiphasic DIN tests. Hearing loss was categorized based on audiometric criteria into unilateral or bilateral sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), conductive hearing loss, notched audiograms, and high-frequency hearing loss (HFHL). Logistic regression models were used to examine associations between DIN outcomes and hearing loss categories. Receiver operating characteristic curve analyses were conducted to assess the discriminative ability of the diotic and antiphasic conditions. Mean DIN speech reception thresholds were -9.0 dB for the diotic condition and -16.1 dB for the antiphasic condition. The antiphasic condition showed stronger correlations with audiometric thresholds and steeper regression slopes, indicating greater sensitivity to hearing loss. It more accurately predicted unilateral SNHL (odds ratio [OR] = 2.48 versus 1.34 for diotic) and conductive hearing loss (OR = 3.42 versus 2.07). Although there was an association with notched audiograms (OR = 1.09), the discriminative ability of the antiphasic condition for detecting this pattern was low (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.515). Predictive values for HFHL were comparable between the two conditions (OR = 1.23 antiphasic versus 1.60 diotic). Overall, the antiphasic DIN condition showed a higher AUC (0.789) for detecting any hearing loss than the diotic condition (0.613). Both DIN conditions were associated with hearing loss, but the antiphasic condition demonstrated superior sensitivity, particularly for detecting unilateral SNHL and conductive hearing loss. Its association with notched audiograms was statistically significant, yet the low discriminative value limits its practical use in screening for noise-induced hearing loss. For HFHL, both DIN conditions performed similarly, possibly due to the mild degree of hearing loss in most cases. These findings support the use of the antiphasic DIN condition as a more effective screening tool for specific types of hearing loss in adolescents, though its utility for identifying early signs of noise-induced damage remains limited.

Editorial Commentary: Arthroscopic Surgery Is Not Silent; Repetitive Peak Noise Exposure During Surgery May Represent an Underrecognized Occupational Hazard.

Damaging Noise Levels Are Seen in Arthroscopic Surgery.

With the global expansion of industrial sectors, noise has emerged as a significant harmful physical agent in workplaces. Besides auditory effects, high-level noise exposure can cause non-auditory consequences, especially at high sound intensities. These effects may include metabolic disturbances such as Metabolic Syndrome (MetS). This study aimed to examine the relationship between noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) at different sound frequencies and the occurrence of MetS and its defining factors. This cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 1,142 male employees in a petrochemical industry. Fasting blood glucose, triglycerides, and HDL cholesterol were measured from serum samples, and pure-tone audiometry was performed to assess hearing thresholds at 500, 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000, 6000, and 8000Hz. MetS was defined based on the NCEP-ATP III criteria. Data were analyzed using logistic regression models, with MetS as the dependent variable and NIHL as the predictor, adjusting for age, work experience, BMI, and blood pressure. Findings showed the prevalence of MetS and NIHL was 6.92% and 22.24%, respectively. mean hearing threshold across the tested frequencies significantly higher in individuals with MetS than in those without (p < 0.05), and this difference was more pronounced at higher frequencies. Statistical analysis indicated that NIHL was associated with higher odds of MetS (OR = 1.35, 95% CI: 1.27-1.44; p < 0.05), although the strength of this association decreased with increasing frequency. The greatest NIHL effect was seen in raising triglyceride (TG) levels, while its effect on lowering HDL levels was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Among demographic variables, higher BMI and education level were associated with higher odds of MetS. Overall, the results show that frequency-specific patterns of NIHL were associated with a higher likelihood of MetS. Therefore, controlling noise and addressing its non-auditory effects is essential in industrial settings.

Abstract Background Traffic police personnel in rapidly urbanizing Indian cities are chronically exposed to hazardous noise levels, placing them at high risk for noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL). Conventional pure-tone audiometry (PTA) often fails to detect the earliest signs of cochlear damage. This study aims to evaluate and compare the utility of high-frequency audiometry (HFA) and distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE) in detecting early auditory damage in traffic police personnel with normal conventional audiograms. Methods A cross-sectional comparative study was conducted at a tertiary care teaching hospital in Bangalore over 13 months on 120 participants. The cohort was divided into Group 1 (60 traffic police personnel) and Group 2 (60 office workers). All participants had normal conventional PTA thresholds (≤ 25 dB HL at 0.25–8 kHz). Participants underwent HFA (10–16 kHz) and DPOAE testing. Results Despite normal conventional hearing, Group 1 exhibited significantly higher thresholds in HFA at 12.5 kHz and 16 kHz ( p &lt; 0.001). DPOAE analysis revealed significantly reduced signal-to-noise ratios (SNR) and lower emission amplitudes in Group 1, particularly at 4 kHz and 6 kHz. Conclusion Traffic police personnel suffer from latent cochlear damage missed by routine screening. HFA and DPOAE are sensitive tools for the preclinical detection of NIHL and should be considered for occupational surveillance protocols.

Noise-induced hearing Loss (NIHL) is a major public health issue, especially in areas of conflict where civilians are exposed to acute and prolonged loud noise from, for example, sonic booms and explosions. A lot of civilians in Lebanon suffered from severe auditory trauma during the 2024 war. Although there have been a few instruments for the assessment of NIHL, none had been previously culturally adapted and validated into Arabic. The study aimed to test the psychometric properties of the Arabic version of the Noise-Induced Hearing Loss-Symptoms (NIHL-S) Scale in a Lebanese population experiencing noise pollution due to war activity. Lebanese individuals (N = 536, average age = 27.29 ± 11.79 years) exposed to loud blasts during the 2024 Lebanese responded to a self-administered online survey. NIHL-S was translated by forward-backward translation methodology and was culturally adapted. A one-factor model of the Arabic NIHL-S was supported by CFA (χ²/df = 4.01; RMSEA = 0.075; CFI = 0.931; TLI = 0.911). Internal reliability was acceptable (ω = 0.85; α = 0.85). Configural, metric, and scalar measurements invariance across sex were established. No significant gender differences were found for NIHL-S scores (p = 0.726). Moreover, there were significant positive correlations between NIHL-S scores and stress (r = 0.10; p = 0.027) and Patient Health Questionnaire-4 scores (r = 0.35; p < 0.001). The Arabic version of the NIHL-S has good psychometric properties, indicating that it is a reliable and valid tool to be used to screen for NIHL symptoms in Arabic-speaking populations subjected to war-related noise exposure. Its presence addresses a crucial need for clinical practice and research in conflict settings.

Noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) is a globally prevalent disorder caused by oxidative stress-mediated hair cell death, with no effective clinical treatments. This study explored the protective effect of luteolin (LL), a natural antioxidant flavonoid, against NIHL and its underlying molecular mechanism. In vivo, mice received intratympanic LL injections around noise exposure, followed by ABR testing and cochlear immunofluorescence staining. Invitro, cochlear explants and HEI-OC1 cells were pretreated with LL, followed by the induction of oxidative stress using tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP). Cellular viability, oxidative stress, and apoptosis were assessed. CRISPR/Cas9 technique was used to establish an Early growth response 1 (EGR1) knockout cell line. ChIP-PCR and dual-luciferase reporter assays clarified molecular mechanisms. Intratympanic LL significantly attenuated noise-induced auditory threshold elevation and outer hair cell loss in mice without affecting normal hearing. Invitro, LL dose-dependently mitigated TBHP-induced damage via regulating oxidative stress and apoptotic pathways, reversed TBHP-induced EGR1 upregulation, EGR1 knockout enhanced oxidative stress resistance, and EGR1 directly regulated sprouty RTK signaling antagonist 4 (SPRY4) transcription, while LL inhibited TBHP-induced SPRY4 upregulation. Luteolin protects against NIHL by alleviating oxidative stress and suppressing apoptosis, with potential involvement of the EGR1/SPRY4 signaling axis, representing a promising candidate for NIHL prevention.

Compound Danshen Dripping Pills: A potential anti-oxidative drug for the treatment of noise-induced hearing loss in mice.

Noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) has been traditionally attributed to outer hair cell (OHC) damage, but synaptic injury at inner hair cell (IHC)–spiral ganglion neuron (SGN) junctions may better explain persistent functional deficits. To test whether IHC ribbon loss and functional synapse loss scale with pathological noise intensity and to define their longitudinal relationship to hearing function. A rodent NIHL model was exposed to 100 dB SPL for 2 h or 110 dB SPL for 4 h. Cochleae were immunolabeled for CtBP2 (presynaptic ribbons) and GluA2 (postsynaptic AMPA receptor puncta). Putative functional synapses were quantified as closely apposed CtBP2/GluA2 pairs. Hearing function was assessed longitudinally and correlated with synaptic measures. Both exposure conditions produced graded reductions in IHC ribbon counts and CtBP2/GluA2 pairs, with greater losses after 110 dB/4 h. The number of CtBP2/GluA2 apposed pairs closely tracked preserved hearing function, providing a stronger association with functional outcome than ribbon counts alone. Ribbon loss remained largely stable across post-exposure intervals, whereas functional synapse loss was disproportionately larger at early time points, consistent with transient pre–post misalignment. Over time, CtBP2/GluA2 pairing partially recovered toward levels predicted by surviving ribbons, suggesting re-alignment or reconnection of a subset of remaining synaptic elements. Pathological noise intensity drives exposure-dependent IHC synaptopathy in addition to OHC injury. Functional synapse counts (CtBP2/GluA2 pairs) sensitively reflect stored hearing function and indicate a potential post-exposure window for synaptic re-establishment.

Mechanotransduction within the cochlea depends on the precise architecture of hair bundles, yet our comprehension of the mechanisms that govern the formation and maintenance of the sound-receptive structure is still limited. Here, we identify Tmem30b, a phospholipid-flippase chaperone, as a critical regulator expressed in outer hair cells (OHCs). Although initially localized to the nuclear membrane at P5, Tmem30b translocates to and stabilizes within the stereocilia and the underlying cuticular plate during maturation. The Tmem30b-/- mice exhibit an early-onset hearing loss with preserved vestibular and retinal functions. Notably, the disorganization of OHC stereocilia in mutants initiates at P7, coinciding with the initial presence of Tmem30b in stereocilia. Mechanistically, Tmem30b partners with Atp8b1 to regulate phospholipid asymmetry; disruption of this complex destabilizes OHC bundles. Crucially, AAV-mediated delivery of Tmem30b to hair cells alleviates stereocilia defects in both Tmem30b-/- and Atp8b1-/- mice. Furthermore, hair cell specific overexpression of Tmem30b protects mice from noise-induced and aminoglycoside-induced hearing loss. In summary, our findings establish Tmem30b as a pivotal organizer of OHC hair bundles and highlight Tmem30b-Atp8b1-mediated lipid regulation as a therapeutic target for hearing loss.

Dimethyl fumarate alleviates oxidative stress and inflammation in noise-induced hearing loss by activating Nrf2/HO-1 signaling in cochlear hair cells.

Oxidative stress and inflammation are interconnected drivers of cellular damage in pathologies ranging from neurodegenerative disorders to sensorineural hearing loss. We aimed to develop a chitosan-Prussian blue nanozyme (CS-PB) to target these processes in sensorineural hearing loss. CS-PB (35 μg/mL) pretreatment of H2O2-injured HEI-OC1 cochlear cells for 4h markedly decreased the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) inside cells (from 3.8 to 2.4 relative fluorescence intensity) by approximately 37% (P<0.001)-and concomitantly significantly decreased expression of the oxidative damage markers 4-HNE and 3-NT (both P<0.001). The rate of apoptosis decreased from 27.5% in the H2O2-treated group to 14.1% following CS-PB treatment (P < 0.01). This reduction was accompanied by a significant downregulation of the pro-apoptotic proteins Bax (P < 0.05) and Cleaved-caspase-3 (P < 0.001), as well as an upregulation of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-XL (P < 0.01).Western blot analysis confirmed that CS-PB significantly downregulated TLR4 expression and inhibited downstream phosphorylation of p-P65/P65, while upregulating p-IκBα/IκBα protein (all P<0.01) associated with reduction in the production of inflammatory cytokines like TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. Treatment with the specific TLR4 antagonist TAK-242 (2 μM) mimicked the effect of CS-PB, with coadministration showing no additional ant-inflammatory effect (although HEI-OC1 viability was additionally increased), indicating that the anti-inflammatory properties of CS-PB were facilitated via the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. In vivo, CS-PB pretreatment (2 mg/mL, 2 μL) was administered by carefully applying the solution to the round window membrane (RWM) using a microsyringe in a noise-induced hearing loss rat model, which significantly curtailed the noise-induced activation of the TLR4/NF-κB pathway in the cochlea. After 24 hours, the levels of p-P65/P65 and TLR4 decreased by 54% and 50%, respectively. (P<0.001), and levels of the inflammatory cytokines IL-6, TNF-α and IL-1β were decreased by 53%, 48%, and 51% (P<0.001). Furthermore, the degree of pathway inhibition showed a strong correlation with cytokine reduction (r = 0.87-0.89, all P<0.001). CS-PB showed no significant cytotoxicity in vitro or in vivo, suggesting that its combined ROS-scavenging and TLR4/NF-κB-modulating properties may represent a potential therapeutic strategy, pending further mechanistic and translational validation.

Exposure to recreational and electronic noise sources increases the risk of noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) in pediatric and young adult populations-frequently referred to as Generation Z. Extended high-frequency audiometry (EHFA) is commonly used for the early detection and prognostication of NIHL. Here, we used EHFA to evaluate the potential hearing loss associated with the use of technological devices in Generation Z individuals. This was a cross-sectional, descriptive investigation. Individuals aged 10-22 years who presented to our clinic with any complaint between January 15, 2023, and January 15, 2024 and who were scheduled for routine hearing assessment were included. All participants underwent conventional audiometry covering conventional frequencies (CFs) as well as EHFA. Participants were divided into two groups based on weekly use of personal listening devices (PLDs): less than 10 h/week and 10 h/week or more. Differences between the groups were analyzed with respect to CFs and extended high frequencies (EHFs), as well as the presence of vertigo, tinnitus, and subjective hearing loss. No significant differences were observed between the groups regarding the presence of symptoms, vertigo, tinnitus, or hearing loss (p=0.47, p=0.75, p=0.10, and p=0.99, respectively). No significant differences were observed in the average CFs between the right and left ears (p=0.53 and p=0.38, respectively). In the right ear at 10 kHz, the mean threshold for participants using PLDs less than 10 h/week was 7.50±7.70, compared to 5.0±10.88 for those using PLDs 10 h or more per week (p=0.02). For all other frequencies, average thresholds in both ears were higher in participants with weekly PLDs ≥10 h compared to those with <10 h, although these differences were not statistically significant (p>0.05). EHFs tended to be higher in individuals using PLDs for ≥10 h/week, although the differences were not statistically significant at most frequencies. A significant difference was observed only at 10 kHz in the right ear; however, this may reflect interindividual variability rather than a consistent exposure effect. This study is the first in which NIHL in Generation Z was the focus, and replication in larger cohorts is warranted.

Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) induced by noise or aminoglycoside antibiotics is a significant public health concern without any FDA-approved pharmaceutical therapies. Dysregulation of iron homeostasis and its subsequently induced ferroptosis has increasingly been identified as a key mechanism underlying cochlear hair cell (HC) damage. Nevertheless, the therapeutic targets for restoring iron balance for hearing protection remain poorly investigated. In this study, we uncover a previously unrecognized role of the SMO pathway in regulating iron homeostasis. SMO expression was rapidly upregulated and activated in HCs following injury. Both genetic ablation of Smo and pharmacological inhibition of SMO reduced iron accumulation and lipid peroxidation, promoting HC survival and preserving auditory function in mouse models of ototoxic- and noise-induced hearing loss. Mechanistically, SMO inhibition suppressed ATF2 phosphorylation, resulting in downregulation of IRP1, which decreased iron accumulation via downregulation of Tfrc and upregulation of Fpn, ultimately protecting HCs from ferroptosis. Notably, treatment with the SMO inhibitor SANT-1 nearly restored auditory thresholds to baseline levels in mice subjected to ototoxic injury. Our findings identify the SMO-ATF2-IRP1-FPN/TFRC axis as a central regulator of cochlear iron homeostasis and propose SMO inhibition as a promising therapeutic strategy for SNHL through precise modulation of iron metabolism.

Noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) is a leading occupational illness globally. This study aimed to identify factors related to hearing protection device (HPD) use that were associated with NIHL and to quantify the relationship between the duration of HPD use and NIHL risk. In a cross-sectional study, 845 noise-exposed manufacturing workers in China underwent health examinations and surveys. The associations between hearing protection devices use duration, related factors, and hearing loss were analyzed using multivariable linear regression and restricted cubic spline model. Providing hearing protection and training in its use at the enterprise level were associated with less hearing loss. At the individual level, consistent full-day use of hearing protection and using earplugs instead of earmuffs were linked to significantly less hearing loss. Lower hearing thresholds were linked to longer HPD use: each additional year of use was associated with a modest (~0.3 dB) reduction in the increase of hearing thresholds. Greater protective associations were observed after approximately 3 years of continuous use. Longer duration of HPD use is associated with milder hearing loss, particularly among workers reporting sustained use for three or more years, underscoring the importance of long-term hearing protection in noisy workplaces.

Background and Aim: Noise-Induced Hearing Loss (NIHL) is a prevalent occupational concern, affecting high-frequency hearing sensitivity, which may impair speech perception in noisy environments. This study investigates the relationship between high-frequency hearing thresholds (4000–12500 Hz) and speech perception in noise, using the Persian Quick Speech-in-Noise (Quick SIN) test. The aim was to determine how these thresholds and speech perception in quiet correlate with and predict speech perception difficulties in noise. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 288 participants aged 18–60 at the Center for Research on Occupational Diseases, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, from March to August 2024. Participants underwent audiometric testing for conventional (250–8000 Hz) and extended high-frequency (12500 Hz) thresholds, Word Recognition Score (WRS), and the Persian Quick SIN test (basic and high-frequency lists). Pearson’s and Spearman’s correlations and multiple linear regression models evaluated relationships and predictive factors, with significance set at p&lt;0.05. Results: Strong positive correlations were observed between basic and high-frequency Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) loss and hearing thresholds at 4000–12500 Hz (r/ρ=0.738– 0.84, p&lt;0.001), with strong negative correlations with WRS (ρ=–0.756 to –0.785, p&lt;0.001). Regression models identified 8000 and 12500 Hz thresholds, WRS, and education level as significant predictors of SNR loss (R²=0.764–0.812). High-frequency list SNR loss was significantly lower than basic list SNR loss (p&lt;0.001). Conclusion: High-frequency hearing sensitivity, particularly at 8000 and 12500 Hz, significantly impacts speech perception in noise. Integrating high-frequency audiometry and speech-in-noise testing into occupational health assessments can improve early detection and management of NIHL

Noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) results from prolonged or intense exposure to loud sounds, causing permanent auditory damage often accompanied by tinnitus, reduced hearing sensitivity and difficulty understanding speech. Use of appropriate hearing protection is essential to minimizing exposure, preventing cochlear injury and reducing the long-term impact of NIHL. This study aimed to assess noise exposure experiences, their effects on hearing sensitivity and the use of hearing protection among Saudi military personnel. This cross-sectional study used a self-administered Arabic questionnaire developed after a literature review and consultation with a focus group. Copies were distributed to military personnel visiting the audiology clinic at King Abdulaziz Medical City in Riyadh from 2024 to 2025 and shared via social media nationwide. The questionnaire included 14 items across three sections: demographics, experience with noise exposure and hearing protection and awareness of noise-related impacts. A total of 256 participants completed the questionnaire; the majority were male (97.3%), lived in Riyadh (85.2%), and were aged 31 years-40 years with a high school education. Most reported no hearing loss across years of experience and exposure to loud sound sources. Notably, 130 participants (50.8%) did not use hearing protection despite being aware that loud noise can cause hearing loss and tinnitus (p= 0.01). Significant associations were found between reported hearing loss and involvement in shooting or use of weapons (p= 0.01) as well as noise source types (p= 0.02). Although most participants were aware of the harmful effects of loud noise and related symptoms, only one-third consistently used hearing protection. Training to enhance awareness of NIHL risks, along with periodic hearing assessments for early detection, is recommended.Contribution:This study highlights a gap between awareness of noise-induced hearing loss and the use of hearing protection among Saudi military personnel. It identifies weapon-related noise exposure as associated with reported hearing loss, emphasizing the need for targeted hearing conservation strategies.

Efferent modulation of vertebrate auditory organs has been known since the early twentieth century, mediated by cholinergic brainstem neurons. In mammals, medial olivocochlear neurons release acetylcholine (ACh) to inhibit outer hair cells to reduce cochlear sensitivity and tuning through an unusual mechanism of nicotinic inhibition, employing unique α9α10-containing AChRs (nAChRs). This synaptic mechanism and orthologous nAChRs, are conserved among vertebrate hair cells. Genetic modification of α9α10-containing nAChRs has cemented the role of efferent feedback in protection against noise-induced hearing loss in mice. Virally-mediated introduction of gain-of-function nAChRs reduces the impact of acoustic trauma in wildtype mice, encouraging development of cholinergic gene therapy for clinical application.

Noise-induced hearing loss impacts brain health and cognition, with dynamic functional connectivity analysis offering a promising but underexplored method for studying whole-brain activity. Therefore, this study aimed to utilise dynamic functional connectivity analysis to investigate abnormal temporal variability in whole-brain functional connectivity in patients with noise-induced hearing loss. In this observational study, 58 patients with noise-induced hearing loss and 42 healthy male controls, matched for age and education, underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. The sliding window approach was employed to evaluate dynamic functional connectivity between region pairs, and k-means clustering was used to identify dynamic functional connectivity states. A two-sample t-test was used to compare differences in dynamic functional connectivity variability and state metrics between patients with noise-induced hearing loss and healthy male controls (P < 0.05). Abnormal brain dynamic functional connectivity features were identified using false discovery rate correction and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator classifier. These features were used to construct support vector machine classifiers. Compared with healthy male controls, patients with noise-induced hearing loss demonstrated decreased dynamic functional connectivity between the right supplementary motor area and bilateral cuneus and increased dynamic functional connectivity between the supplementary motor area and left inferior parietal gyrus. The support vector machine classifier based on abnormal dynamic functional connectivity features selected by false discovery rate correction successfully distinguished between patients with noise-induced hearing loss and healthy male controls with an accuracy of 82.5%. The accuracy of the support vector machine classifier based on least absolute shrinkage and selection operator-selected abnormal dynamic functional connectivity features reached 96.8%. This study revealed abnormal dynamic functional connectivity patterns in patients with noise-induced hearing loss, offering insights into the complex neuropathological mechanisms underlying long-term brain network changes associated with this disease.