Nigeria Nsukka Research Articles

Effects of spent engine oil contamination on soybean (Glycine max L. Merril) in an <i>Ultisol</i>

An experiment was conducted in the University of Nigeria Nsukka Teaching and Research Farm to determine the effect of spent auto-engine oil on soil and soybean in a Randomized Complete Block Design. Treatments were four levels (0, 1, 2 and 3 %) of spent auto-engine oil (SPO). Top soil samples were collected at 0, 12, 24 and 36 months and analyzed. Results indicated that infiltration rates in plots under 3 % SPO was reduced from 1.40 cm h-1 in control plots to the lowest value of 0.07 cm h-1 compared to 0.27 cm h-1 in 1 % treatment in the first 12 months. Plots contaminated with 3 % SPO gave the lowest Ks values of 6.29, 7.68 and 9.43 cm h-1 in the 12th, 24th and 36th months respectively. Data on plant samples showed that 2 % and 3 % SPO contaminations reduced soybean germination from 99 % (control) to 86 and 68 % respectively in the first cropping season whereas 1 % SPO was observed to significantly increase leaf area, dry matter content and grain yield from control values of 52.6 cm2, 3.01 t ha-1 and 0.72 t ha-1 to 54.5 cm2, 4.20 t ha-1 and 0.97 t ha-1 respectively.Keywords: Contamination, soybean, soil physical properties, spent engine oil, Ultisol

Visual Language and ‘Paintaglios’ of Gerald Chukwuma: A Critical Analysis

Gerald Chukwuma is a prolific Nigerian artist whose creative adaptation and use of media tend to deviate from common practice. This essay draws on his several avant-garde works on display at the Nnamdi Azikiwe Library and at the administrative building of the University of Nigeria Nsukka. These artworks are referred to as ‘paintaglio’ in this essay owing to the convergence of painting, and engraving (or intaglio) processes. This study therefore identifies, critically interprets and analyzes Chukwuma’s artistic inclinations—style, spirit, forms, materials, and techniques. This is in order to lay bare the formal and conceptual properties that foreground the artist’s recent paintaglio experiments. The study relies on personal interviews, literature, and images of Chukwuma’s works as data. Such experimental works which clearly express influences of ‘natural synthesis’ ideology are here examined against the backdrop of their epistemic themes.

Determinants of Job Satisfaction of Colleges of Education Lecturers: A Study of Nasarawa State College of Education, Akwanga

The main purpose of this study was to assess the level of job satisfaction among lecturers in College of Education, Akwanga. Nasarawa State. The study was guided by five research questions. Descriptive research design was adopted by the study. The population for the study consisted of 279 lecturers during the 2014/2015 academic session from the six schools of the college. A sample size of the population was taken from each school using simple random sampling technique to arrive at a sample size of 167 lecturers. A structured questionnaire divided into five sections was used for data collection. The questionnaire was face validated by five experts, three in the department of Industrial Technical Education and two in from the career unit the Faculty of Vocational Teachers Education all from the University of Nigeria Nsukka. A reliability coefficient of 0.78 was obtained from Cronbach Alpha reliability technique to ascertain the internal consistency of the questionnaire items. The questionnaires were administered by the researchers. Mean and standard deviation were utilized to analyze the data collected, while T-test statistics was used to test the hypothesis at 0.05 level of significant. Findings of the study revealed that regular salary payment, promotion opportunities, work environment, attainment of work goals, opportunity to growth and development among others are the determinants of job satisfaction of college of education lecturers. It was recommended that the college management should fulfill their financial obligations and make provisions for adequate facilities as this will improve lecturers’ commitment to work and job satisfaction for optimal performance.

English

The study evaluated the acceptability of 100% cotton fabric treated with dye extracted from roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) calyces based on its phytochemical compositions and organoleptic attributes. A quasi-experimental design was adopted by the study and was carried out at the University of Nigeria Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria. The study population comprised of 41 panelists made up of 17 Lecturers and 24 Postgraduate students drawn from the university. Spectrophotometric and gravimetric methods were adopted for the quantitative analysis of phytochemical constituents of extracts from roselle calyces. Questionnaire was used to collect data on the organoleptic attributes and acceptability of cotton fabric treated with roselle dye and data were analyzed using descriptive statistics including percentages, means, and standard deviation. A null hypothesis was tested at 0.05 level of significance using t-test. The following phytochemical components were present in roselle dye extract: carotenoid (1.96%), flavonoid (0.02%), lutein (0.03%), polyphenol (0.12%), tannin (0.88%) per 100 g of roselle calyces. Organoleptic attributes of cotton fabric treated with dye extracted from roselle calyces identified include: Fairly warm maroon colour hue, fairly light value, fairly brilliant chroma, smooth and fairly soft textures, odourless and even shade colour which were all accepted as good attributes of dye on fabrics by both categories of evaluators. There were no significant differences (P>0.05) in the mean rating responses of both categories of evaluators on the acceptability of the organoleptic attributes of cotton fabric treated with roselle dye. The null hypothesis was accepted at 0.05 level of significance. Roselle dye has good organoleptic attributes and could be used for 100% cotton fabric colouration. Key words: Phytochemical, organoleptic attributes, roselle dye, cotton fabric.

Digital Preservation in Nigeria Universities Libraries: A Comparison between University of Nigeria Nsukka and Ahmadu Bello University Zaria

Digital Preservation in Nigeria Universities Libraries: A Comparison between University of Nigeria Nsukka and Ahmadu Bello University Zaria

Ugwuele-Uturu: A Lithic Exploitation Site in South-East Nigeria

The site of Ugwuele-Uturu was discovered in 1977 and excavated on two occasions between then and 1981. A number of general accounts were produced by the excavators, but to a large extent the site remains unpublished. No detailed account of the excavations or of the excavated material is widely available. In the meantime, controversy as to what the site represents continues, in the light of F.N. Anozie’s claim that it is Acheulean. This paper provides a record of the author’s visits to the site in 1978 and 1981, when he was a staff member of the University of Ibadan, and also presents some results from his study of the artefacts kept at the Department of Archaeology at the University of Nigeria Nsukka in 1980. In his view, on the basis of the available evidence, the site represents an axe factory of likely Holocene date. It is hoped that this record, apart from its historical documentary value, will stimulate new work on the site and the material from it, so that its nature can be established beyond doubt.

English

Information on functional relationships among yield components will enhance research efforts in breeding for high yield in aromatic peppers. The aim of this study was to develop models for predicting fresh fruit yield in aromatic Capsicum annuum through multiple linear regression analyses. Ten genotypes of aromatic pepper were evaluated for three years in the Faculty of Agriculture farm, University of Nigeria Nsukka in a randomized complete block design (RCBD). Yield components that had strong and significant correlation coefficients were regressed to establish relational functions with fruit yield. The predicted and the actual yield values were tested for significance using t statistic. Fruit yield could be predicted using the combined effects of number of nodes per plant, number of leaves per plant and number of fruits per plant with 87.6% accuracy in the 3 year combined analysis. Linear regression for the single effects of each of the yield components were also used to predict fruit yield. The models developed could predict fruit yield in C. annuum with 62.5, 61.7, and 57.2% accuracy using any one of these yield components, number of nodes, number of leaves and number of fruits, respectively. The combined effects gave higher predictive value than the single effects of the traits. The models developed were validated by extrapolating the values and comparing with actual yield data. There were no significant differences between the predicted and actual yield values. Produced model could, therefore, be used in predicting fresh fruit yield in C. annuum. Inferences drawn from the functions developed were discussed as they affect breeding for high yield in aromatic peppers. Key words: Breeding, multiple regressions, predictive value, relational functions, yield components.

English

Quality changes of kola nut (Cola acuminata) as affected by processing methods and short-term storage environments were investigated. The experiment was conducted at the Teaching and Research Laboratory of the Department of Crop Science, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Nigeria. The treatments comprised of: three different colour plastic buckets – red, green, white and three inner linings - Newbouldia laevis leaves, Spondias mombin leaves and Black polyethylene sheets giving a 3 × 3 × 3 treatment combinations. The N. laevis, S. mombin and Black polyethylene sheets were laid inside the buckets as beddings for the kola nuts. About 0.45 kg of kola nuts (coated and uncoated) numbering 20 nuts were put in each storage container. Sensory quality of the nuts after storage was determined with quantitative descriptive analysis in expert panel, using six quality attributes. Physical parameters measured were; weight loss, pest incidence and sprouting incidence. Weight loss was significantly lower in white plastic storage container for coated kola nut while green plastic container reduced weight loss for uncoated. Black polyethylene sheet as inner-ling of the storage container significantly (P≤ 0.05) reduced weight loss and pest incidence in coated kola nut compared to uncoated. N. laevis and S. mombin significantly reduced weight loss in kola nuts. It is evident in this study that coated kola nut genotype were kept better than the uncoated kola nut. Key words: Processing methods, kola nut, storage treatments, quality characteristics

Impact Evaluation of the Information Management on the Decision-Making Effectiveness of Administrators in the Nigerian Universities

Impact Evaluation of the Information Management on the Decision-Making Effectiveness of Administrators in the Nigerian Universities Professor Ocheni Stephen Abstract Nigerian educational system is expanding at an unprecedented rate because it appears that the demand for appropriate, adequate and timely information for management decisions in educational institutions is challenging. Therefore, this study empirically evaluate the information management on the decision-making effectiveness of administrators in the Nigerian universities focusing on the extent to which information acquisition and information management capacity of administrators contributed to the effective decisionmaking in Nigerian Universities. The research design used for this study was a survey research design. This design enables only a sample population to be studied after which generalizations can be made for the whole population. The purposive sampling technique was used to select two universities in each of the six geopolitical zones of Nigeria. There were altogether 60 administrators in the 12 universities in the 6 geopolitical zones, that is, University of Nigeria Nsukka, University of Port Harcourt, University of Ibadan, University of Ilorin, ABU Zaria, Ebonyi State University, Delta State University and University of Lagos, Ogun State University, Kogi State University, Adamawa State University, Kaduna state University. Out of this targeted population, 24 (the first 2top administrators) were sampled using simple random method but 21 responded. Pearson correlation and regression is used to find the relationship of information acquisition and information management to administrators’ decision-making effectiveness. The findings revealed that information acquisition and information management capacities whether taken separately or jointly make significant contributions to both effective and efficient administration in Nigerian Universities. Hence, the study recommended modernization of information systems in these institutions with a view of improving information acquisition and information management capacities of the administrators. Full Text: PDF DOI: 10.15640/ppar.v3n1a8

A Study of the Optical Conductivity, Extinction Coefficient and Dielectric Function of CdO by Sucessive Ionic Layer Adsorption and Reaction (SILAR) Techniques

Aims: The research is to study the Optical Conductivity, Extinction Coefficient and Dielectric function using deposited CdO films Place and Duration of Study: The research place is at the Material Science and Nanotechnology Unit, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nigeria Nsukka, between of August 2012 to June 2013. Methodology: The approach used in the deposition of CdO is the Solution Method, known as the Successive Ionic Layer Adsorption and Reaction techniques (SILAR) Technique and the UV-VIS-NIR spectroscopy was used for film characterization. Results: The deposited CdO thin film has a low and high transmittance in the UV and visible region respectively. The band gap of the deposited CdO decreases with an increase in No. of cycles films and ranges from 1.45eV – 2.35eV, this was attributed to the increase in the thickness of films. Also studied is the variation of the film optical conductivity with the band gap, which was observed to decrease with an increase in band gap. Lastly, the Original Research Article American Chemical Science Journal, 4(6): 736-744, 2014 737 relationship between the film band gap and the dielectric function of the materials was consider, the dielectric constant varies exponentially with the band gap and also increases with the number of cycles (film thickness).

Correlation Study between Performances in Mathematics and Accounting Subjects among Undergratuates Students in the Nigerian Tertiary Institutions

This study was undertaken basically to find out if students that possess little or no background knowledge in mathematics can comfortably pursue a degree course in Accountancy. A sample of 40 students were selected randomly from each year in Accountancy Department of the University of Nigeria Nsukka (10 students from year one, year two, year three and final year). Tests of knowledge in each of the subjects were administered at each level and the reliability of 0.83 and 0.93 respectively was recorded. Correlation coefficient was used to determine the relationship between student’s performances in the two subject areas. Investigation showed that there was no significant relationship between the test performances in mathematics and Accounting P (>.05). From the findings made so far, students with little or no background knowledge in mathematics can comfortably pursue a degree course in Accountancy at the tertiary level.

Effect of Thermal Processing on Lycopene, Beta-Carotene and Vitamin C Content of Tomato [Var.UC82B

The available lycopene, beta-carotene and vitamin C content of raw, boiled and fried tomato (Var.UC82B) were evaluated. Ripe tomato was purchased from Ogbete main market Enugu- Nigeria and the variety was identified at the Crop Science department, University of Nigeria Nsukka. It was sorted, washed and pulped using a blender. The pulp was divided into seven portions and labeled (A-G) Portion A was raw sample that served as a control since it was neither boiled nor fried. Portions B, C, and D were boiled for 2, 15 and 30minutes respectively. Portions E, F and G were fried in refined bleached and deodourized groundnut oil for 2, 15 and 30 minutes respectively. The seven samples were separately packaged in vial glass tubes and analyzed within three days from the time they were produced. Result shows that the three response variables evaluated were significantly [P < 0.05] affected by either boiling or frying. The lycopene content significantly increased [p < 0.05] as the period of boiling or frying increased between 2 and 30minutes. Boiling the pulp or frying it for 30 minutes increased the lycopene content from 24.2 to 32.9 % respectively. However, both the beta-carotene and the Vitamin C content significantly [p < 0.05] decreased as boiling or frying period increased between 2 and 30 minutes. The beta-carotene content decreased by 61.4 %, while the Vitamin C content decreased by 49.4 % when the tomato pulp was boiled for 30 minutes. When the tomato pulp was fried for 30 minutes, the beta-carotene decreased by 63.6 %, while the vitamin C decreased by 50.0 % [p< 0.05]. It is therefore, advisable to boil or fry tomato before consumption for maximum absorption of its available lycopene. However, excessive heat treatment would have adverse effect on the beta carotene and vitamin C content of the tomato.

The Impact of ICT on University Students’ Academic Studies

This study was carried out in university of Nigeria Nsukka to investigate the impact of ICTs on University Students academic studies. The study adopted a survey research method. The sample size is 300 students selected randomly from faculty of social science, University of Nigeria, Nsukka. Questionnaire was the instrument for data collection. Two research questions were developed to guide the study. Frequency and percentage were used to analyze the two research questions. The findings of the study reveal that ICT impacts at very high extent on university students’ academic studies. The study also indicated that university students use ICTs to support and improve their academic studies at a very high extent. DOI: 10.5901/jesr.2013.v3n8p105

Electronic publishing and open access to information

Publishing has transited from traditional to Electronic format making information resources available to users without much subscription. E-publishing is engendered by the introduction of information and communication technology (ICT), this development has brought about increase in the number of scholarly communication in circulation. The awareness and rate of e-publishing differs among faculties, it based on this that this study was carried out to survey the situation of e-publishing and open access of librarians in three federal universities in Southern Nigeria, five research questions were formulated to guide the study. The methodology adopted is descriptive survey, questionnaire was given to a total population of 64 librarians consisting of librarians from the institutions understudy, the data collected from the study shows that though librarians are aware of e-publishing but they have not being publishing as should have been expected in University of Nigeria Nsukka (UNN) out of the 95% that aware of electronic publishing only 30% have published there articles electronically, in University of Lagos (UNILAG) 100% indicated that they have published electronically while in University of Benin (UNIBEN) 45.4% percent indicated yes while 54.5% said they have not published their articles electronically. On availability of open access it was discovered that they have access as a total of 84% from UNN responded Yes, UNILAG 100% said Yes while in UNIBEN 90.9%. The following problems based on their scoring militating against e-publishing and open access in Nigeria. Inadequate power supply; inadequate computer terminals; inadequate funding for subscription payment.

Structural Stability and Hydraulic Conductivity Of Nkpologu Sandy Loam Soil Under Different Land Covers in Southeastern Nigeria

Studies were conducted in the runoff plots at the University of Nigeria Nsukka Teaching and Resesarch Farm in 2010 and 2011 to monitor the changes in structural stability and saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat) of Nkpologu sandy loam soil under different cover management practices. The management practices were bare fallow (BF), grass fallow (GF), legume (CE), groundnut (GN), sorghum (SM), and cassava (CA) cultivation. Three samplings were carried out at the study site following the characterization of the soil at five- month interval marking the end of first cropping season, and the start and end of the second cropping season respectively. There was no change in soil texture due to treatments. The aggregate stability (AS), mean weight diameter (MWD), water dispersible silt (WDSi), aggregate size distributions (&gt; 2 mm, 1-0.5 mm and &lt; 0.25 mm) and Ksat showed significant (P =0.05) changes with time. Ksat varied (CV = 52%) significantly (P = 0.05) with a standard deviation (SD) value of 7.8. The highest values for Ksat, AS and MWD were obtained in the first sampling period whereas the lowest values were obtained in the last sampling period. There were significant effect (P =0.05) of cover management practices on AS, MWD and Ksat. The highest values for AS, MWD and aggregate size fraction &gt; 2 mm were obtained under GF whereas the highest Ksat was obtained under GN. The lowest values for these parameters throughout the sampling periods were obtained under BF. The preponderance of aggregates &lt; 0.5 mm under BF showed that raindrop impact and other agents broke down macroaggregates into microaggregates. The cover treatments generally increased organic matter (O.M.) content compared with the BF. The O.M. had significant correlation with two aggregate size ranges; 1-0.5mm (r = - 0.276* at P=0.05) and 0.5-0.25mm (r = - 0.245*at P =0.05). The study has shown that cover management practices affected the structural properties of the tropical sandy loam soil differently over time.Keywords: Aggregate stability, MWD, aggregate size distribution, macroaggregates, microaggregates, saturated hydraulic conductivity, Cover management.

RTC-GWLAN: A Real Time Characterization of Generic IEEE 802.11 for High Density Services

This research investigates and analysed generic Wireless Local Area Networks (IEEE 802.11a/b/g) in the context of their Quality of Service (QoS) in high density networks using some generic Key Performance Indicators (KPI) such as throughput (Bytes/Sec), Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI), and latency response (secs). The study focused on University of Nigeria Nsukka (UNN) which houses several hostels and faculties. Using Applied Research Methodology (ARM), this work characterized a real life generic hotspot testbed (UNN) for Received Signal Strength (RSS), mobile node distance, latency and throughput using Tranzio-Wavion Minipop Infrastructure in UNN as the network testbed. In this study, after sampling the selected KPIs, data were collected via our testbed measurements from the test nodes, Network Switching system/Network Operating Centres (NOCs) and their values were evaluated for an assessment study. The KPI results obtained showed that the traditional generic WLAN will scarcely scale in high density traffic environment in terms of scalability, speed performance (network convergence), cost, and other selected KPIs. This will lead to a proposal on a conceptual framework for Cognitive High Density Hotspot (CHDN) in our future work, which will address the limitations of generic WLANs for enterprise computing.

Repositioning Guidance And Counselling And Curriculum Innovation In Higher Education In Nigeria

This study focuses on repositioning guidance and counseling and curriculum innovation in higher education in Nigeria. Descriptive survey research design was employed in the study. The study covered four Federal universities in the South-West Geopolitical zone of Nigeria, namely University of Ibadan in Oyo State; Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife in Oshun State; University of Lagos in Lagos State; and University of Ilorin in Kwara State. The population of the study comprised 241 made up of 195 student counselors and 46 professional counselors from the four selected federal universities in the South-West Geopolitical zone of Nigeria. The sampling for the study was drawn through simple random sampling technique. Structured questionnaire was developed by the researcher using strongly agreed, agreed, disagreed, and strongly disagreed options. The questionnaire was face-validated using five experts - two in the department of Measurement and Evaluation in University of Nigeria Nsukka, one in Curriculum in Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, one in Guidance and Counseling, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka; and one in Guidance and Counseling in University of Calabar, Cross River State. The data collected were analyzed using mean and standard deviation for answering the research questions. A mean of 2.5 and above was accepted while any mean less than 2.5 was rejected. The findings of the study reveal, among other things that education, sense of industry, problem solving, conducive/enabling environment, and planning are various ways professional counselors help in repositioning curriculum innovation in higher education in Nigeria. It is also recommended among other things that both expert teachers/professional counselors and student counselors should participate in the repositioning of guidance and counseling and the design and development of innovative curriculum.

Determination of the relative abundance and distribution of bacteria and fungi in Bonny light crude oil-contaminated sandy loam soil

This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of Bonny light crude oil (specific gravity = 0.81; API gravity 43.20) on the numerical composition of soil bacteria and fungi and relative distribution of Gram positive and Gram negative soil bacteria. Eight different levels of the crude oil (0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 2.5, 5.0, 10.0, 15.0 or 20.0% v/w of soil) were used for the controlled pollution of soil samples obtained from the Botanical Garden, University of Nigeria Nsukka. Studies on the effects of crude oil on bacterial and fungal populations were carried out by plate count procedures using nutrient agar and Sabouraud dextrose agar respectively. Crude oil significantly (p<0.05) inhibited bacterial and fungal growth in a dose-dependent manner. Bacterial counts in the control soil sample ranged between 2.32 × 109 and 2.80 × 109 cfu/g while those of the contaminated samples ranged between 2.00 × 108 and 2.77 × 109 cfu/g. Fungal counts ranged from 1.02 × 107 to 1.39 × 107 cfu/g in the control and 1.60 × 105 to 1.18 × 107 cfu/g in the contaminated samples. At 15.0 and 20.0% levels of crude oil, the growth inhibitory effects of crude oil were maximum for bacteria and fungi respectively. Microbial respiration decreased concomitantly with increase in crude oil pollution during the first four weeks of the study. There was a prevalence of Gram positive bacteria over Gram negatives in the unpolluted soil but a preponderance of Gram negative rods over Gram positives and other morphological forms of Gram negatives in the polluted samples. Key words: Bonny light crude oil, bacteria, fungi, contamination, hydrocarbon, biodegradation.

Estimating sources of noise to Network of Nigerian Seismic Stations

Estimation of possible sources of noise to the (Kaduna, Toro, Nsukka, Ife, Awka) operational seismographic stations (Kaduna, Toro, Nsukka, Ife and Awka) in Nigeria, has been carried out using recommended distances by Wilmore (1979) and physical observations through field work. The results showed more contributions of anthropogenic noise, less ambient and instrumentation noise. Human activities around the five stations including vehicular traffic, contribute significant cultural noise to the stations. In addition, noise other sources like trees, streams, ocean, and storms and other forms of ambient noise especially in the southern part of Nigeria were observed. Instrumental malfunctioning in some stations like Toro; the geologic nature of the site like the Nsukka station as well as the siting procedures of some stations like the Kaduna where a 16 sec sensor is installed on the surface without vault are likely responsible for the observed high noise. Since no noise analysis was carried out before the siting of the stations, this paper was intended to identify sources of noise and recommend better practices for establishing future seismic stations in Nigeria and environ, for improved data quality.

Influencing Curriculum Development and Knowledge of Climate Change Issues in Universities: The Case of University Of Nigeria Nsukka

The current institutional structures and academic programmes in most universities preclude effective education and capacity building on issues of climate change. Besides, the pedagogies and curricula are centrally defined by university governance structures which are very hierarchical and rigid, and in most cases, discourage the culture of shared thinking and collaboration required for addressing complex system-related challenges such as climate change. The study aimed at influencing curriculum development and knowledge of climate change issues at the University of Nigeria, Nsukka (UNN) and its environs. To realize this, a multi stakeholder dialogue was conducted to sensitize the stakeholders on the need to include issues of climate change in their respective Faculty curricula. Over 320 participants drawn from the academia, policymakers, private sectors and the civil society organizations participated in the process that culminated in a one-day workshop at UNN in 2009. An outcome mapping approach was used to identify the most important reasons for climate-proofing the courses in the relevant Faculties of the University through curriculum review. Results show that there is need to provide a clearer understanding of climate change issues; build capacity at individual and institutional levels for climate change adaptation; provide opportunity to attract donor funds for teaching, learning, research and community service; provide conducive environment for transdisciplinarity and shared thinking on climate change issues; and transform the future leaders of tomorrow (youths) by promoting the culture of innovation for climate change adaptation. Recommendations ranged from revising existing course contents to emphasize issues of climate change (short-term approach), introduction of entirely new course modules on climate change (medium-term approach) to introduction of new degree programmes (long term approach) in the relevant Faculties of the University. Finally, a communiqué calling for urgent inclusion of climate change issues in the curriculum of the UNN was adopted by the University Administration.