New Type Of Architecture Research Articles

MFOS: Model-Free & One-Shot Object Pose Estimation

Existing learning-based methods for object pose estimation in RGB images are mostly model-specific or category based. They lack the capability to generalize to new object categories at test time, hence severely hindering their practicability and scalability. Notably, recent attempts have been made to solve this issue, but they still require accurate 3D data of the object surface at both train and test time. In this paper, we introduce a novel approach that can estimate in a single forward pass the pose of objects never seen during training, given minimum input. In contrast to existing state-of-the-art approaches, which rely on task-specific modules, our proposed model is entirely based on a transformer architecture, which can benefit from recently proposed 3D-geometry general pretraining. We conduct extensive experiments and report state-of-the-art one-shot performance on the challenging LINEMOD benchmark. Finally, extensive ablations allow us to determine good practices with this relatively new type of architecture in the field.

Cezanne and the Emergence of a Modernist Aesthetic in Soviet Architecture

Abstract This article argues that the work of Paul Cezanne may have been a factor in encouraging young archi-tects in Russia to abandon the approaches and styles of the past and develop a new type of architecture in the years immediately following the Revolution of October 1917. The focus is on the early work of the architect Vladimir Krinskii, who in the 1920s worked with Nikolai Ladovskii in formulating the Rationalist approach to architecture. He later stressed how important the art of Cezanne and the avant-garde art had been for him and other young architects in developing a modernist aesthetic. This article examines Krinskii’s statements about Cezanne and relates them to the experimental sketches that the architect produced in 1919.

Developing Computational Thinking in the City through an OnLIFE Education and Digital Citizenship perspective

Digital citizenship is about the citizenship of the algorithmic, datatified, connected, and sensorized world of metaverses, multiverses, big data, and artificial intelligence. It is the expression of a new type of architecture that promotes the emergence of a computational ecology made of people, data, algorithms, sensors, forests, weather, viruses, and cities. This connection challenges us to a new cognitive policy in the field of Education. The objective of the article is to discuss ways of knowing and producing knowledge related to the development of computational thinking in K-12 Education to understand how this language is promoted and produced in an immersion path in the city, understood as a territory of hybridizations. The experiences in the city are part of research conducted at the International Research Group on Digital Education, GPe-dU UNISINOS/CNPq, developed from inventive, sympoietic, interventionist, and gamified pedagogical practices. As a research method, it appropriates the intervention-research cartographic method for the production and analysis of data. The results presented are based on elements present in the reticular and connective epistemologies, in the theory of inventive cognition, and in the concepts of transorganic connective act, and atopic inhabitancy. The results indicate that computational thinking is being leveraged in the co-articulation between human and non-human entities, from a citizen OnLIFE Education perspective, contributing to its interdisciplinary and transversal understanding, as well as pointing to the emergence of an ecological cognitive policy in education.

Dynamic security of IoT network traffic using SDN

Nowadays, smart environment has increasingly become a target for emerging cyberattacks that will impact the user's privacy and potentially, security. A remote attacker can illegitimately access connected objects in our IoT environment to obtain information about personal data or access control and availability of IoT objects, which can contribute to a DDoS attack. SDN (Software Defined Network) is a new paradigm that describes a network architecture whose control plane is completely decoupled from the data plane. The SDN concept offers the possibility of testing network functionalities before integrating them, without affecting the operation of the network. This minimizes the risk of network disruption. Our contribution in this paper is the design and implementation of a new type of architecture for securing exchanges in an IoT network using the SDN concept. The main objective of this work is to improve the quality and performance of this technology to ensure data reliability and avoid any type of internal or external attack by detecting the undesirable flow by Snort. This technology will also be used to organize and unify the management processes of all models based on SDN technology.

Group-10 π-hole⋯dz2[MII] interactions: a theoretical study of model systems inspired by CSD structures.

In recent years Pd(II) and Pt(II) cases have been reported wherein metals in square planar complexes were used as nucleophilic partners to construct supramolecular assemblies with electrophilic molecules like σ-hole and π-hole donors. The formation of such assemblies is based on the nucleophilicity and accessibility of the dz2 orbital (in group-10 elements) in the square-planar complexes. This opens new avenues in inorganic chemistry and crystal engineering as it enriches the current toolbox of noncovalent interactions and supramolecular synthons thus allowing the design of new types of architectures in the solid state. This manuscript reports a comprehensive theoretical study characterizing π-hole⋯dz2[MII] (M = group 10 element) interactions from an energetic point of view. Several computational tools based on the topology of the electron density are used. Examined systems had been identified by considering structures in the Cambridge Structural Database where this interaction was used to construct supramolecular assemblies. Several aromatic rings have been used, varying from π-basic to π-acid rings by adjusting the number of fluorine substituents. Moreover, the influence of metal⋯metal interactions on the nucleophilicity of the dz2 orbital has been studied using MEP surface analysis. The π-hole energies are moderately strong (from -5 to -10 kcal mol-1) and the crucial role of dispersion forces is revealed.

Entangling Quantum Generative Adversarial Networks.

Generative adversarial networks (GANs) are one of the most widely adopted machine learning methods for data generation. In this work, we propose a new type of architecture for quantum generative adversarial networks (an entangling quantum GAN, EQ-GAN) that overcomes limitations of previously proposed quantum GANs. Leveraging the entangling power of quantum circuits, the EQ-GAN converges to the Nash equilibrium by performing entangling operations between both the generator output and true quantum data. In the first multiqubit experimental demonstration of a fully quantum GAN with a provably optimal Nash equilibrium, we use the EQ-GAN on a Google Sycamore superconducting quantum processor to mitigate uncharacterized errors, and we numerically confirm successful error mitigation with simulations up to 18 qubits. Finally, we present an application of the EQ-GAN to prepare an approximate quantum random access memory and for the training of quantum neural networks via variational datasets.

Cybernetic suit for interaction with virtual reality

The study in the field of the structure of the processing architecture of a cybernetic suit for working with virtual reality was conducted. Nowadays it is relevant to use such a systems to implement various scenarios of rehabilitationfor people, as well as to conduct possible training sessions for operators of mechanized devices and so on. The goal is to achieve the highest possibleaccura-cy in repetition of the operator's movements, i.e. motion capture, at the lowest financial cost. The initial variant ofthe suit was creat-ed on the basis of Arduino and Unity 3D for visualization. 3D human model based on quaternion is built in Unity 3D which repeats all the real person twists and turns. But the first architecture had problems with performance and accuracy.A series of experiments was carried out to improve the effectiveness of the cybernetic suit prototypes. Thanks to the introduction of the proposed new type of architecture, namely the “controller-sensor”, it ispossible to completely get rid of the inaccuracy of the received data from the sen-sors. Also it allows removing the unauthorized change in the position of the body parts of the 3D model and increasingthe overall resistance and noise immunity of the product. Softwarebased on the algorithm for processing data from gyroscope and accelerometer sensors is presented, and the possibility of upgrading the design of the hardware part of the suit, aimed at optimizing the output char-acteristics, is described. To achieve the goal the most stable and noise-resistant transmission of primary data from cybernetic suit to a 3D model with the minimum possible number of errors in the data transmission buses was obtained. As a result, the modernization of the cybernetic suit for interaction with virtual reality has increased the accuracy of data from 66 % to 94.5 % and reduced the amount of interference from 40.59 % to 5.5 %.

A New Type of Architecture of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells as an Alternative Pathway to Outdoor Photovoltaics

The current investigation shows a possible new pathway for more efficient and cost-effective energy-harvesting photovoltaic devices. Our approach could permit all emerging technologies that are currently used for indoors and smart buildings to go a step forward and could be used for outdoor applications. The investigated architecture is a very promising geometry especially for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSCs). It turns their main drawback, the lowering of their efficiency and lifetime when operating at high solar irradiation density, into an asset by increasing the total active area per horizontal unit area for light harvesting, while preserving the active elements from degradation and extending durable lifetime. The investigated architecture is based on a symmetric “U” type geometry, which is constructed by a highly reflective material on the inner surface. Solar irradiation is reflected internally at the bottom of the construction and splits towards two opposite sided solar cells; the two cells form a cavity where the solar light multiplies and is successively absorbed. Consequently, the vertically incoming irradiation is reduced when reaching the vertical internal sides on which the DSSCs are mounted. Thus, the solar cells operate at low light intensities, which provide significant lifetime extension and efficiency enhancement. Interestingly, the electrical energy per effective surface unit, which is produced by the two vertical DSSCs, is at least equal to that of a standalone, vertically irradiated cell. The advantage of the new architecture is that protects DSSCs from their degradation and deterioration, although the entire system operates under high illumination. This makes the cells more efficient outdoors, with a comparable performance to indoor conditions.

The Design for Distributed Ledger Based on Main-Sub Ledger Architecture

Distributed ledger technology (DLT) offers new and unique advantages for information systems, but some of its features are not a good fit for many applications. We review the properties of DLT and propose a new type of architecture for DLT based on main-sub ledger. Our scheme pays more attention to data privacy, effectively relieves the pressure of data storage for nodes, thereby improves data handling capability.

“Świdermajer”, the Architecture of Historic Wooden Summer Villas in the Polish Landscape: A Study of Distinctive Features

The article covers the results of the study of a historical wooden holiday architectural ensemble called Świdermajer, located on the outskirts of Warsaw in Poland. The fashion for traveling and resting within natural surroundings emerged in the 19th century, contributing to the popularization of a new model of spending free time. It had an impact on the development of a new type of architecture, including the “Swiss style”, today representing an extremely picturesque European architectural heritage integrated into the landscape. The area of Otwock is one of a very few of such places in Poland, where the entire complexes of suburban wooden holiday buildings from the late 19th and early 20th century have survived. This paper aims to show an overview of a development of the local wooden building trend on the “Otwock Line” within its historical and social background. The main goal of the study focuses on identifying the characteristic features of the architectural wooden local style. As a final outcome of the study, the article presents the method applied for the recording and assessment of historic wooden summer villas. The conducted study confirmed the distinctiveness of the phenomenon represented by cultural values and, at the same time, its strong links with the Alpine style of architecture.

Cultural Centers in Hong Kong: Welfare Provision or Economic Instrument?

“Cultural center” is a new type of architecture and institution that has emerged since WWII and has become a model for many contemporary cultural institutions. It reflects the physical realization of the European welfare-state cultural policy, especially in Britain and France. With reference to the European cases, this paper examines three major cultural centers in Hong Kong from the 1960s to the present day (City Hall, Hong Kong Cultural Center, and the Xiqu Center at the West Kowloon Cultural District). Employing a socio-spatial approach, the methods include an archival study of government documents and spatial analysis of public space at the selected cultural centers. The paper demonstrates how the positioning of culture has shifted from a public welfare provision into a capital-oriented urban development strategy and, in this context, questions the role of contemporary cultural institutions.

Bioclimatic Architecture

We are living through serious problems of environmental pollution, which causes great risks to the well-being of the population. These problems are presented by the bad planning of urban growth, and many times in very bad quality. Industrialization grows in the cities without having an order and an appropriate planning to avoid the damage in our environment. The construction sector is largely responsible for this global pollution that is experienced today. As the years go by, architects aim to improve the quality of their construction and improve our quality of life. New projects arise with strategy and planning, developing a new type of architecture which contemplates the damage it would do to the environment and how this issue could be solved based on its construction development. The profession of architects, or urban planners who are involved in the development of cities, are responsible for creating new developments by designing the impact of climate change. The architectural community carries a great responsibility in designing with the flows of materials, energy, climate change, causes and solutions in mind. Architecture must involve sustainability in its construction process and know how to implement it to cause an environmental impact to satisfy the common welfare.

A Survey on Different Deep Learning Architectures for Image Captioning

Vision plays an important part which helps us to look at the world and perceive information about our surroundings. A human perceives information by looking at an object or the surrounding on the whole and tries to map visual features and attributes and by summarizing these features we can describe or tell about our surroundings. The way the human brain does this is still a huge mystery. But, For a machine/computer this task is what is called as Image Captioning. The computer or machine is fed with images from which they learn to extract features i.e pixel information, object position, geometry, etc. Using these features the machine tries to map it to a sentence word by word or on a whole which summarizes the information of the image. Due to the advancements in recent Computer Vision Methods and Deep Learning architectures, Computers have been able to correctly summarize images which have been fed to them. In this paper, we present a survey on the new types of architectures and the datasets which are being used to train such architectures. Furthermore, we have discussed future methods that can be implemented.

The Significance of Vertical Farming Concept in ensuring Food Security for High-Density Urban Areas

Cities are increasingly turning into megacities due to their enlarged and intense population. There has been a global attempt by designers to spread the view that cities can be potential areas for producing loads of food required by communities and fitted for specific ecologies. A similar trend has been spread to developing countries where it is essential to provide food for local consumption, and serious attempts are made to distribute food materials to protect particular urban communities. Therefore, recent attempts of food security have aimed not only to guarantee availability but also the provision of sustainable, locally-fitted and food production that is not industrialized to sustain the potential for production. The solution seems to be Vertical Farming (VF). Producing food can be brought into cities through VF and this significant step, if taken, can make life in cities more viable. The present research aims to review the VF plays in the future of food production in high-density cities. The present research reviews the body of related literature, both online and printed publications on the issue. VF is a turning point of the millennium in urban designing but not limited to that. It further presents a new type of architecture as both a local and global remedy for the 21st crisis.

Reassessing Initial Village Period Settlements in the Upper Khuzestan Plain

Reassessing Initial Village Period Settlements in the Upper Khuzestan Plain

A survey on the Internet of Things security

PurposeInternet of Things (IoT) is a challenging and promising system concept and requires new types of architectures and protocols compared to traditional networks. Security is an extremely critical issue for IoT that needs to be addressed efficiently. Heterogeneity being an inherent characteristic of IoT gives rise to many security issues that need to be addressed from the perspective of new architectures such as software defined networking, cryptographic algorithms, federated cloud and edge computing.Design/methodology/approachThe paper analyzes the IoT security from three perspectives: three-layer security architecture, security issues at each layer and security countermeasures. The paper reviews the current state of the art, protocols and technologies used at each layer of security architecture. The paper focuses on various types of attacks that occur at each layer and provides the various approaches used to countermeasure such type of attacks.FindingsThe data exchanged between the different devices or applications in the IoT environment are quite sensitive; thus, the security aspect plays a key role and needs to be addressed efficiently. This indicates the urgent needs of developing general security policy and standards for IoT products. The efficient security architecture needs to be imposed but not at the cost of efficiency and scalability. The paper provides empirical insights about how the different security threats at each layer can be mitigated.Originality/valueThe paper fulfills the need of having an extensive and elaborated survey in the field of IoT security, along with suggesting the countermeasures to mitigate the threats occurring at each level of IoT protocol stack.

A French fish event at the turn of the 10th century? Environment, economy, and ethnicity in maritime Flanders

AbstractRecent excavations in Northern France shed light on new trends in fishing between the 9th and 11th centuries AD. This paper presents the data from two sites characterized by the fishing of large gadids. These finds are contextualized within the broader synchronic regional context and the diachronic local context from the pre‐Roman period to medieval times. From this analysis, it becomes apparent that the sites from Saint‐Georges‐sur‐l'Aa and the neighbouring site of Craywick present innovative fishing tackle and capture grounds along a new type of architecture of the buildings. The skeletal profiles of fish but also of cattle show that the excavated areas were activity zones where butchering was taking place rather than consumption. Some unusual finds such as chopped and burnt fin whale bones and also the manufacture of an object from a rib of whale underline the innovative character of the site. The period around the 10th century seems to be a turning point in the evolution of the occupation of the southern shore of the Channel and hints towards similar changes taking place in Great Britain within the scope of the so‐called fish event horizon.

Energy-Water-Food Synergy Possibilities in Housing Environment

Strategic directions of development of contemporary cities, according to emerging master plans and policies are providing appropriate technical, spatial, social and economic conditions for the inhabitants in a sustainable way. In order to improve the urban areas’ performance and to minimize the negative environmental impact there are new solutions introduced to save energy, water and food resources. There are actions undertaken to educate and activate community that also appear in the way of designing housing environment, especially public spaces accompanying residential areas. Therefore there are experimental forms of buildings and urban spaces designed to meet the demands of community serving the environment at the same time. There have been a variety of solutions implemented successfully in housing environment to solve either the problems of energy or water management, and also bringing up the food production problem especially in the contact areas between the buildings and their surroundings. Nowadays we are searching for a new type of housing environment, a home for the resilient community capable of independent development. In order to create that kind of space there is a need of new solutions providing synergy between energy, water and food management and production. There is a need of identifying the new type of architecture that is capable of satisfying the contemporary community demands. The search for those solutions is the main subject of research. The paper is an attempt to classify the implementation of synergy solutions in housing environment. It also refers to the significance of natural elements of composition in achieving energy, water and food independence. The trends in architectural design of contemporary residential areas are described based on contemporary investments and future city concepts.

Biomimetic Inspired Core-Canopy Quantum Dots: Ions Trapped in Voids Induce Kinetic Fluorescence Switching.

Closely packed hollow spheres connected through pillars to a CdSe quantum dot (QD) core produce channels through which ions navigate. This particular structure is well represented by [CdSe@CarbOPH(O)]@Cl/[N(Caprylyl)3 Me1 ] indicating that in the channels between the canopy made by the carboranyl spheres (carboranylphosphinate, CarbOPH(O)) and the CdSe core exist chloride anions. Due to the close packing, the spheres produce openings. These are converted into gates because [N(Caprylyl)3 Me1 ] acts as a plug. The [CdSe@CarbOPH(O)]@Cl/assembly is negatively charged because the Cd positive charges are outnumbered by the negative charges due to the Se, the phosphinic acid and, very importantly, the trapped chloride anions, and this negative load is compensated by the cationic surfactant. Here, it is shown that this synergism produces an unprecedented phenomenon, namely, kinetic fluorescence switching. It is observed that the material shines brightly then loses its brightness and, upon the application of kinetic energy, shines back to the maximum power. This process continues for an extended period of time, up to half a year, at least. This new type of architecture in QDs is named as core-canopy QDs. In this case, this study demonstrates one property, the kinetic fluorescence switching, as a consequence of the trapping of Cl- in the QDs channels, but other properties can be envisaged with the judicious choice of the anions or even the pillar connecting the hollow sphere with the ground.

Screening & Mashrabiah New Applications as Smart, Green, and Unique Identity Factors

Due to living in a society plagued by acceleration and significant development in building technology, information, and computer applications, a transformation in Arts and Architecture has resulted in a neglect, whether deliberate or non-deliberate, in the dimensions of moral and non–physical values such as heritage and civilization. It is safe to say that such neglect has led to the creation of Architectural products with no identities. As a result, an appearance of new architectural trends that includes Green and Smart Architecture, for instance, was identified. This new type of Architecture generally relies on merge between the use of the natural and surrounding environment in serving the design process as well as the use of modern computer applications, fixtures, technology, and new building materials combined to provide a comfortable and safe environment for users.When traditional Arab Architecture is the product of a rich experience of its manufacturers’, it presents an integrated mixture between each of the non–physical features represented in religious beliefs, traditions and customs prevailing in the community, and the physical elements that include the effects of the natural environment, climate changes, building materials, and natural resources available.Screening and Mashrabiah represent a very important element in traditional and Arab Architecture. It is also still being used nowadays in Modern Architecture after enduring a study of its functions, benefits, new materials and applications such as smart Mashrabiah. The conclusion of this research provides recommendations of new applications and Architectural treatments for Screening and Mashrabiah and their possible use as unique identity factors that represent our modern Architecture both in the Arab world and worldwide.