• ‘Green jobs’ (GJ) discourse circulates among climate policymakers and campaigners. • I show that the promise of green jobs has limited resonance for some communities. • It lacks resonance for people who are attached to traditional industries. • Repurposing people’s industrial attachments might sow the seeds of support for GJ. • This is important to achieve net zero transformations. ‘Green jobs’ discourse circulates with intensity among climate policy networks in the United Kingdom and internationally. Social actors assume that the promise of the mass delivery of green jobs will help to build public support for a net zero industrial transition among communities with affective ties to high-carbon industries. In this paper, I use interview and ethnographic data collected in a northern English town to critically examine this assumption. Drawing on conceptual work about the nature of ‘attachments’, I show that proposals for the delivery of new green jobs and industries are felt to lack credibility and have limited resonance with some communities. By making this argument, I put forward a novel analysis within energy and industrial geographies about the tension between imagined sustainable futures (envisaged by policymakers and environmental campaigners) and the materiality of attachments to traditional industries (experienced by communities). I conclude by exploring how low carbon infrastructures might be rendered more affecting. One response lies in recognising and repurposing people’s industrial attachments; this necessitates forms of investment attuned to place-specific sensitivities.

Driving systems transition through learning: a case study for net zero school transport in rural Scotland

Thermoelectric building envelopes: A review of cooling, heating, heat recovery, and power generation pathways toward net zero

An enhanced multi-directional windcatcher with baffle-based design for high-performance natural ventilation in net zero energy buildings

Increasing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are a serious threat to the environment, especially in Jakarta, which in 2023 recorded emissions of 63 MtCO 2 e. This study aims to identify the primary factors contributing to GHG emissions in Jakarta, project emission trends until 2050 using pessimistic, optimistic, and net-zero scenarios, and formulate effective mitigation strategies. The variables used are electricity consumption, private vehicle use, industrial energy consumption, waste generation, population growth, green open space, and public transportation usage. The analysis was conducted using various forecasting methods, including multiple linear regression, ARIMA, ARIMAX, SARIMA, SARIMAX, Random Forest, and Multilayer Perceptron. Among these, the Multilayer Perceptron model achieved the highest predictive accuracy in long-term predictions. The results reveal that current mitigation efforts are insufficient to achieve net-zero emissions by 2050, indicating the need for more aggressive interventions. Effective strategies include expanding green open space by 7% annually, reducing motorized vehicle use by 4%, lowering industrial energy consumption by 3%, improving waste treatment efficiency by 3%, and accelerating the transition to renewable energy. These findings highlight the urgency of enhancing climate action and provide a framework that can inform urban emission reduction strategies in other rapidly developing cities seeking sustainable, low-carbon futures. • How is the development the reduction of Greenhouse gas emission in Jakarta. • What is the important factor can effected the reduction of Greenhouse gas emission in Jakarta. • What is the best scenario that can effected the reduction of Greenhouse gas emission in Jakarta.

Solution-mined salt caverns are in versatile use for large-scale storage-withdrawal of petroleum products (collectively underground gas storage—UGS), as well as novel applications essential for transition to net zero carbon economy: hydrogen gas (UHS) and compressed air energy storage (CAES). We present the first comprehensive Canada-wide review of bedded and halokinetic halite formations suitable for cavern storage. Such halites occur at depths of ~200-2000 m in the industrially developed regions (Fig. 1): Western Canada sedimentary basin (WCSB) in the Prairie provinces; Salina Group in Ontario; and in the Maritimes sedimentary basin (the Gulf of St. Lawrence and onshore mostly in New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and Newfoundland). The Devonian salt beds of WCSB are undeformed, and the size of caverns is limited by thickness of halite beds (40-100 m, maximum 200 m). There are 196 caverns in Alberta and Saskatchewan, most of them active. In Ontario, Salina Group halite beds are of variable thickness with complex, dissolution-controlled outlines. This region counts 142 active and historical caverns. The Maritimes Basin is a “saline giant” with thick Mississippian-age halites forming diapirs and walls. Several gas storage prospects were recently launched in the Maritimes, most notably in southern Newfoundland. Underexplored and untapped potential for salt caverns exists in frontier regions: the northern WCSB where Cambrian halites were partly involved in halokinesis to form walls and diapirs, in Hudson Bay depocenter (undeformed Devonian halites), and in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago where salt tectonics had formed domal structures potentially suitable for large (> 1 Mm 3 ) caverns.

Fuel cells have the potential to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from deep-sea shipping. To fully understand the environmental impacts of integrating fuel cells into deep-sea ships, this study evaluates the life cycle environmental impacts from 2020 to 2050 for two leading fuel cell systems: liquid hydrogen with proton exchange membrane fuel cells (liquid-H 2 PEMFC) and liquid ammonia with solid oxide fuel cells (liquid-NH 3 SOFC). The study covers various factors, including changes in cargo capacity, operation modes, developments in hydrogen production and electricity decarbonization. We examine two energy scenarios developed by the International Energy Agency: the Stated Policies Scenario (STEPS) and the Net Zero Emissions by 2050 Scenario (NZE). Our findings reveal that, under different ranges and speeds, the liquid-H 2 PEMFC results in a 2% increase to a 10% decrease in cargo weight, while the liquid-NH 3 SOFC leads to a 4%–23% decrease. By 2050, under the NZE scenario, liquid-H 2 PEMFC and liquid-NH 3 SOFC can reduce GHG emissions per tonne-nautical mile by 69%–75% and 65%–71%, respectively, compared to traditional ships. The use of fuel cells also introduces environmental trade-offs. This assessment can help policymakers gain a more comprehensive understanding of the role of fuel cells in reducing GHG emissions in deep-sea shipping and underscores the potential environmental challenges associated with their large-scale deployment in the future. • The cargo capacity change affected by fuel cell propulsion systems is assessed. • The long-term life cycle environmental impacts of fuel cell use in deep-sea shipping are quantified. • Fuel cell decarbonization potential in shipping hinges on how clean the hydrogen supply is. • Fuel cell use in deep-sea shipping can induce new environmental burdens.

Critical minerals requirements for meeting net zero pathways in the United Kingdom

Carbon-crediting mechanisms could play a critical role in achieving net zero, yet growing evidence shows that many offset projects lack environmental integrity. Achieving geological net zero requires balancing residual fossil fuel–based emissions with permanent carbon dioxide removal (CDR), making the scale-up of CDR essential. However, current discussions on improving carbon-crediting mechanisms have focused too narrowly on implementation challenges, such as refining standards or monitoring systems. We argue that scaling permanent carbon removal requires a new financing model to address market barriers. This financing model must reduce price volatility and raise credit prices to attract investment. We propose a tiered auction framework to build and scale markets for novel CDR technologies by (i) setting a permanent removal target, (ii) ensuring minimum quality standards, and (iii) running reverse auctions combined with first-of-a-kind finance.

This paper addresses the critical issue of decarbonising healthcare systems to help combat climate change. I focus on identifying the 'agents of justice' responsible for this transformation. Beginning with the claim that healthcare's greenhouse gas emissions cause injustice, the paper assumes that achieving a net zero healthcare system is essential for climate justice. The discussion centres on two prevailing perspectives: one that primarily assigns responsibility to healthcare organisations and another that holds individual healthcare professionals accountable. The paper advocates for a pluralistic approach to responsibility, contending that the complexity and scale of reducing healthcare emissions necessitate allocating responsibilities based on effectiveness. This leads to the identification of two types of responsibility: first-order responsibilities, which involve direct actions to reduce emissions, and second-order responsibilities, which involve supporting and ensuring the fulfilment of first-order duties. The paper clarifies how mitigation responsibilities should be allocated across organisations and individuals by expanding the scope of responsibility to include a broader range of agents, both within and beyond the healthcare sector. By distinguishing between first-order and second-order responsibilities, the paper offers a clearer framework for understanding the distribution of obligations in achieving climate justice in healthcare. Ultimately, it underscores that focusing solely on direct mitigation efforts by organisations or clinicians is inadequate, and a more comprehensive, multi-agent approach is required to effectively decarbonise healthcare systems.

ABSTRACT Australia stands at a critical juncture in its climate transition, aiming for net-zero emissions by 2050 with an interim target of a 62–70% reduction below 2005 levels by 2035. As of 2024, onshore renewable sources supplied approximately 39% of Australia's electricity, predominantly from solar and onshore wind. Marine-based solutions, offshore wind, blue carbon ecosystems and emerging marine carbon dioxide removal technologies, offer significant, underutilised potential to meet these goals while supporting economic prosperity and environmental resilience. Offshore wind can provide reliable, high-capacity renewable energy near key demand centres, complementing existing solar and onshore wind, and create opportunities for producing critical energy transition minerals and green fuels. Blue carbon habitats, including mangroves, seagrasses and saltmarshes, are effective natural carbon sinks with additional biodiversity and coastal protection benefits. Realising these opportunities demands coordinated national action, investment in infrastructure, regulatory frameworks, scientific research and workforce development. The National Marine Science Committee (NMSC) is well positioned to lead cross-sector integration. Key dependencies include governance coordination, robust monitoring and verification systems, and meaningful community engagement, particularly with Indigenous groups. Australia's ocean is no longer just a climate victim but a critical climate solution, capable of strengthening regional economies and global leadership.

“Global net zero” refers to a scientifically informed target of balancing greenhouse gas emissions globally to limit the adverse impacts of climate change, as well as to a politically determined international goal with a 2050 deadline. Amid a proliferation of state and nonstate commitments to the goal, research on the politics of net zero remains limited. Numerous scholars have conceptualized this goal as an international norm. This article challenges this conceptualization, arguing that net zero is more appropriately understood as an aspiration. I show how this conceptualization elucidates important climate governance challenges and helps to set more accurate expectations about the effectiveness of standards and enforcement mechanisms for achieving the goal. I argue that the case of net zero undermines conjectures in current theorizing on aspiration in international politics, especially the expectation that actors will not face social consequences for failing to achieve international aspirational goals provided they make at least some progress. This expectation relies on assumptions about aggregate welfare improvement without giving full consideration to how goal setting facilitates potentially cost-inducing blame shifting.

Rewiring R&D, clean energy, and the road to net zero: A machine learning analysis for France

The strategic role of systemic transition intermediaries: A cross-sector perspective on voluntary standards for net zero

Toward Enhanced Energy Forecasting for Smart Grid Integration in Net Zero Energy Buildings

Winds of change – modelling the onshore wind energy landscape of Great Britain for Net Zero targets

Food-waste-derived-activated carbon offers a sustainable solution for treating alkaline, oil-rich biodiesel wash water. In order to assess its viability in pilot-scale biodiesel production, the physicochemical characterization of waste cooking oil (WCO), which included FFA (0.11 to 1.77%), moisture content (0.69 to 1.87%), viscosity (13.01 to 16.76 cSt), and density (0.910 to 0.94 g/cc). Low-FFA waste cooking oil was converted into biodiesel by single-step transesterification at 60°C-65°C utilizing a methanol-NaOH. Biodiesel was washed with hot water until a neutral pH was reached, producing 128-136 L of alkaline wash water each batch. Biodiesel wash water with high pH (10.9 to 11.7), turbidity (441 to 420 NTU), TSS (18.88 to 18.19 mg/L), TDS (84-88 mg/L), oil and grease (1.24 to 0.918 mg/L) concentration was targeted for recovery and reuse by adsorption utilizing food waste-activated carbon. In order to effectively recover and reuse in a zero-liquid-discharge process, a pilot-scale packed adsorption column utilizing mixed food waste-activated carbon was included into the biodiesel system to treat 128-136 L of alkaline, high-turbidity wash water each batch. Effective water purification was demonstrated by the treatment of mixed biodiesel wash water in the food waste-activated carbon (FWAC) column, which consistently lowered pH to ~7.1-7.3, turbidity to 1 NTU, TSS to 9-10 mg/L, and oil-grease to 0.15-0.17 mg/L. Fuel satisfying ASTM criteria was created by refining biodiesel using FWAC-treated wash water, showcasing a successful zero-discharge strategy that promotes the circular economy, GHG reduction, and India's Net Zero 2070 goal.

Climate change is causing a rise in global temperatures. High summertime temperatures can lead to overheating, where the temperature in homes becomes a risk to health and comfort. To reduce overheating in new residential buildings, a new part of the English Building Regulations, Part O: Overheating (‘Part O’) was introduced in 2022. This study evaluates the application of this new regulation to real-world projects. Semi-structured interviews were carried out with 30 experts across the construction and policy sectors. Experts identified that Part O has barriers to its application, including conflicts with broader parts of the building regulations, limitations in compliance modelling assumptions for passive and active technologies, a lack of futureproofing for rising temperatures, and inadequate assurance that homes designed to the regulations would be constructed to a high quality. To improve the use of Part O, this paper suggests recommendations for how the building regulations can minimise conflict, streamline processes, and support innovation to deliver heat resilient homes. This includes using academic evidence to better support technical modelling assumptions, and in the longer-term utilising upcoming modelling methodologies (Home Energy Model) to integrate Part O modelling with broader parts of building design and compliance requirements. To deliver a shift in high quality, heat resilient and net zero homes, this paper recommends a long-term shift in regulatory approaches to focus on absolute performance outputs, building audits and post occupancy evaluation. • Evaluation of Part O: overheating building regulations to support revisions. • Interview data gathered from 30 experts across construction and policy. • Barriers identified in application of Part O and broader building regulations. • Near-term recommendations to futureproof and improve assumptions. • Long-term recommendations to streamline regulations and audit homes.

This paper examines how policies intended to reduce carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions affect air pollution exposure, mortality risk, and monetary benefits across the income distribution in the United States (U.S.). We use an energy system optimization model (ESOM) to translate several climate change mitigation policies into CO 2 -equivalent emission reductions. The ESOM also tracks emissions of three air pollutants: fine particulate matter, sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen oxides. The AP3 model links changes in emissions of local air pollutants to county-level ambient concentrations, exposure, mortality risk, and monetary damages. We present three central results. First, the monetary benefits from reduced air pollution exposure of the climate policies amount to less than 1% of real per capita income. Second, the monetary benefits are progressively distributed. Specifically, counties with a 10% higher real median income level tend to incur between 5% and 6% lower benefits from the carbon tax, the net zero scenario, and the clean electricity standard in 2030. These estimated elasticities are closer to zero in 2040 and 2050. Third, benefits are distributed progressively in the northeast and the western census regions, and regressively in the Midwest. In the southeast, benefits and income are uncorrelated.

The UAE energy sector is navigating digital transformation mandates such as the UAE AI Strategy 2031 and Net Zero commitments, with technologies like AI, IoT and cloud computing creating new avenues for real-time coordination, data-driven decision-making and cross-functional collaboration. These oppor tunities are tempered by challenges of organisational readiness, cultural iner tia and technological integration. Yet, research on innovative practices in the UAE energy context remains limited. Therefore, this study investigates the role of AI, IoT and cloud computing in shaping workplace collaboration in the UAE energy sector. An explanatory sequential mixed-methods design was adopted which involved Phase 1 (15 October, 2024-31 January, 2025) interviews with 15 professionals in operations, IT and leadership roles from major energy companies, analysed via thematic analysis. Phase 2 (15 February, 2025-15 May, 2025) distributed a survey to a broader sample, yielding 115 valid responses, which were analysed quan titatively. The study is primarily grounded in the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT), with the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), Resource-Based View (RBV) and Actor-Network Theory (ANT) serving as supporting interpretive lenses. Findings show that AI, IoT, and cloud platforms enhance collaboration, especially in remote coordination and predictive decision sup port, but adoption is hindered by resistance to change, fragmented systems and uneven digital literacy. Practical implications include modular rollouts, digital maturity audits and AI onboarding programs. Policy recommendations include national collaboration standards, KPI integration and incentives for joint innova tion projects.