NnLOX1-mediated aroma formation in lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) through multi-omics integration and machine learning.

Flavonoid-rich extracts of Nelumbo nucifera leaves alleviate obesity in HFD-fed mice via microbiota-dependent modulation of brown fat thermogenesis.

Fabrication of pH-adjusted CO2-sensitive films for monitoring fresh-cut lotus root freshness.

Uniformity optimization in intermittent microwave-hot air drying of lotus root via dielectric characterization: Microstructural quality perspective

SHP2, encoded by the PTPN11 gene, is a non-receptor tyrosine phosphatase that plays a key role in oncogenic Ras/MAPK signaling. Aberrant SHP2 activity contributes to the progression of various cancers, including liver cancer. In this study, we used an AI-based virtual screening platform (HyperLab) to evaluate 127 natural compounds for SHP2 allosteric inhibition. Liensinine, a bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid from Nelumbo nucifera, was identified as a top candidate with strong predicted binding to the SHP2 allosteric tunnel site. This tunnel-shaped pocket is located at the interface between the N-SH2, C-SH2, and PTP domains, where allosteric inhibitors stabilize SHP2 in its closed, inactive conformation by preventing domain rearrangement. Docking analyses using HyperLab and CB-Dock2 consistently supported its interaction with key regulatory residues. Biochemical assays confirmed that Liensinine inhibits SHP2 phosphatase activity in a dose-dependent manner, with an IC₅₀ of ~5.2 μM. In HepG2 cells, Liensinine reduced cell viability to approximately 70% at 20 μM and 50% at 50 μM, indicating a concentration-dependent cytotoxic effect. Additionally, RNA-seq data analysis revealed upregulated PTPN11 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues compared to normal liver. These quantitative findings strengthen the experimental evidence for Liensinine's inhibitory potential. Together, these findings suggest that Liensinine may serve as a natural SHP2 allosteric inhibitor with anticancer potential.

Abstract Lotus ( Nelumbo Adans.) is a versatile plant with ornamental, edible, medicinal, water purification, and cultural significance. The wide variation in petal numbers, particularly the double-petal cultivars, contributes to its ornamental value. However, traditional breeding methods, which require growing seedlings to maturity to identify single or double flowers, are time-consuming (ranging from one to three years) and costly. This study mapped the quantitative trait locus (QTL) for single/double-petal traits to the 0.90–4.40 Mb region on chromosome 5 using the F 1 generation of the traditional cultivar ‘Dan Sajin’. Within this region, 78 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and insertion-deletion (InDel) loci were identified, showing significant genotypic differences between single- and double-petal traits. A C/T SNP locus at Chr.5: 1,400,097 bp (marker H8) was selected from 42 single-petal and 35 double-petal lotus samples, demonstrating the highest resolution for distinguishing between the two flower types. In three hybrid combinations of Asian lotus (excluding single-petal lotus from south of the Yangtze River), seedlings with CC or CT genotypes consistently produced single-petal flowers (100% at maturity), while those with the TT genotype yielded double-petal flowers with an 85.7% probability. The H8 marker promises to significantly reduce production costs in lotus breeding, offering a simple, rapid, low-cost, and highly efficient method.

ABSTRACTThis study developed a natural composite preservative (FCCP) based on Moringa leaf flavonoids and chitosan and evaluated its physicochemical interactions, antioxidant capacity, antimicrobial activity, and preservation efficacy on fresh‐cut produce. Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the successful integration of flavonoids into the chitosan matrix via hydrogen bonding and other intermolecular interactions. Antioxidant assays (ABTS, DPPH, FRAP) demonstrated that FCCP, particularly at 1.5 mg/mL flavonoid concentration (FCCP‐2), exhibited potent radical scavenging and reducing power, comparable to ascorbic acid. Antibacterial tests revealed significant inhibitory effects of FCCP‐2 against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, indicating a synergistic enhancement from the composite system. In preservation trials on fresh‐cut stem lettuce, lotus root, and blueberries, FCCP‐2 effectively maintained firmness, reduced weight loss, delayed browning, and preserved color quality during 7‐day refrigerated storage. Furthermore, FCCP‐2 significantly lowered malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation and sustained superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, highlighting its role in mitigating oxidative stress. These results demonstrate the efficacy and broad‐spectrum applicability of the Moringa flavonoid–chitosan composite as a safe, eco‐friendly preservative for extending the shelf life and quality of fresh‐cut fruits and vegetables.

Synergistic green synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles using Cymbopogon citratus and Nelumbo nucifera for enhanced antibacterial activity

Bactericidal and antivirulence potential of sulphate-functionalized nanocellulose extracted from Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn

Hydroalcoholic extract of nelumbo nucifera seeds promotes wound healing and increases tensile strength in rats

Integrated breeding strategies for blue lotus based on petal pH, anthocyanin profiling, and gene expression analysis.

Design and testing of a lotus root harvester with a collection device

Reinforced swallowing and anti-digestive performance of lotus root starch-whey isolate protein gel via weakening effect of xanthan gum.

Polysaccharides from lotus root residue alleviate cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression in mice

The purpose of the research is to obtain the construction of a new graph class definition and the new graph class satisfies the properties of odd harmonious labeling. The research method consists of a preliminary stage, namely the stage of finding open problems, the stage of analyzing data for the formation of definitions and theorems, the stage of verifying the results of proving the theorems mathematically. The research results obtained three new graph class definitions, namely the definition of lotus flower graph, the definition of lotus flower graph with pendant, and the definition of lotus flower graph variation. Furthermore, it has been proven that lotus flower graph, lotus flower graph with pendant, and variation of lotus flower graph satisfy the properties of odd harmonious labeling so that they are odd harmonious.

Optimization of Tribological Performance of TC4 through Bionic Lotus Root Cross Section Prepared by Laser Ablation

Lotuses are flowering plants of the species Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. (Nymphaeaceae), commonly referred to as sacred lotuses. These phytoconstituents are useful for therapeutic applications because they have been isolated from various parts of the plant. Lotuses are aquatic perennial basal eudicots that belong to a small family of just two species and one genus. They are an essential horticultural plant that has been used extensively for medicinal, decorative, and nutritional purposes, especially in Southeast Asia. Parts of lotus plants, such as the flower, seed, root, leaf, and stem or rhizome, have great potential for both food and non-food packaging. Its particular bioactive ingredients, which include essential oils, flavonoids, alkaloids, and phenolic compounds, have been shown to be effective in enhancing health. Its high content of nutritive fibre, starch, nutrients, and minerals suggest that it has a good chance of being valorised in the future and used as a helpful component and addition in the food industry. It's interesting to note that lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) seeds are edible, have therapeutic properties, and are a key raw ingredient in ancient traditional scientific methods like Ayurvedic and folk medicine. Lotus seeds are high in protein and minerals, and their tender rhizomes, stems, and leaves are safe to consume. Lotus stem, which is high in antioxidants, minerals, and vitamins, has several health advantages, such as better immune system, heart, and digestive health. It is good for diabetics because of its high fibre content, which promotes regularity in the gut and helps control blood sugar levels. It also helps people lose weight, detoxify their bodies, maintain healthy skin, and reduce inflammation. As a wholesome and adaptable supplement to a well-balanced diet, lotus stem is additionally believed to improve mental health by lowering stress and elevating mood.

The antidiabetic property of Nelumbo nucifera rhizome, a medicinal food used to manage diabetes mellitus in Sri Lankan native medicine has not been scientifically explained yet. The Lotus rhizome is found to compose several medicinally active compounds with anti-diabetic properties, including Betulinic acid, Tryptophan, Nuciferin, isoquercetin, Rutin, β- Sitosterol, Stigmasterol, and Fibre. A narrator review was conducted to identify the scientific basis of the antidiabetic property with the explanation of the molecular level mechanisms of glucose homeostasis of these medicinally active components. This article reviews the bio-physiological mechanisms of glucose homeostasis by Tryptophan, Nuciferin, and isoquercetin A literature search was done in PubMed and Google Scholar databases using different combinations of the search terms “Nelumbo nucifera rhizome”, “Lotus rhizome”, “phytochemicals”, “antidiabetic effect”, “hypoglycaemic effect”, “Tryptophan”, “Nuciferin”, “isoquercetin” and “molecular mechanism”. Tryptophan is found to reduce blood glucose levels via five identified mechanisms, namely, inhibiting intestinal glucose absorption, inhibiting liver gluconeogenesis, improving insulin resistance, increasing insulin secretion in the pancreas, and enhancing glucose uptake in adipocytes. Nuciferin can improve blood glucose by stimulating the closure of Adenosine Triphosphate dependent potassium (K-ATP) channels and triggering insulin release. Isoquercetin can inhibit α-glucosidase in the small intestine and regulate the expression of mRNA which codes insulin resulting in increased insulin release. This review explains to the medical practitioners of various medical practices the scientific basis of the antidiabetic effect of lotus rhizome allowing them to utilize it as a medicinal food for the benefit of diabetic patients under their care.

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40203-025-00458-7.

Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn is one of the aquatic plants used for food, medicine, culture, and religion. This study aims to explain the botany, utilization, bioactivity, and secondary metabolites of N. nucifera. This study is based on a literature review published online using the keywords N. nucifera, uses of N. nucifera, and bioactivity of N. nucifera. Data analysis was carried out qualitatively to describe the botany, utilization, and secondary metabolites of N. nucifera. In taxonomy, N. nucifera is grouped in the Nelumbonaceae family. N. nucifera is a perennial aquatic plant with a rhizome stem and a single, round leaf with large pink or white flower petals. In traditional medicine, N. nucifera is used to treat various diseases such as inflammation, insomnia, cardiovascular issues, hyperlipidemia, nervous disorders, emollient and diuretic effects, diarrhoea, dyspepsia, hematuria, fever, epilepsy, hypertension, and obesity. N. nucifera bioactivity as an antioxidant, anti-cancer/tumor, neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, increases sperm motility, anti-diabetes mellitus, and skin whitener. Lotus has flowers, seeds, leaves, fruits, and rhizomes that can be eaten because they have more carbohydrates, proteins, and vitamins. Alkaloids, polyphenols, terpenoids, steroids, and glycosides are responsible for its various biological and pharmacological activities. The potential for utilizing N. nucifera for food diversification, vegetable protein sources, and skin whitening needs to be studied further.