Negative Potential Research Articles

AI-DRIVEN VIRTUAL ASSISTANTS IN DENTISTRY:ENHANCING PATIENT CARE WORKFLOW EFFICIENCY

Background:Dental practice management demonstrates positive potential through AI-powered virtual assistants since these systems perform administrative tasks while enhancing patient consultations. Evidence about their effect in actual dental clinics is still insufficient to measure. Objective: This observational prospective research measured the outcomes of AI-based virtual assistants on dental care processes and practice workflow in dental offices. Methods:The studybase included 168 dental practices which fulfilled the requirements regarding their use and stability of AI-based virtual assistants. Data collection took place at baseline assessment during Months 0-3 and after three months during Months 4-6 followed by six months in Months 7-9. The quantitative assessment involved patient satisfaction ratings as well as treatment success rates and appointment scheduling speeds and time spent handling administrative duties and the entire workflow efficiency. The study obtained qualitative data by conducting interviews which underwent thematic analysis. Results:The patient satisfaction scores together with treatment success rates and appointment scheduling efficiency and administrative task completion time and overall workflow efficiency improved significantly at both three-month and six-month follow-ups (p < 0.05). The analysis used regression to show how patients reacted to using AI virtual assistants but it took into consideration resource duration and practice size and location and starting patient satisfaction scores (adjusted R-squared: 0.573). Conclusion:AI-powered virtual assistants enhance both dental patient care procedures and clinical workflow operation in dental offices according to this study. Dental practices can optimize their practical operations while improving patient satisfaction to determine the proper integration techniques for dental technology in future developments.

The Dopaminergic and Anti-Neuroinflammatory Properties of Functionalized Nanoliposomes Containing Levodopa and Ibuprofen and Conjugated with Anti-Alpha-Synuclein Aptamer.

The purpose of this study was to design, synthesize, characterize, and evaluate the functionalized nanoliposomes containing levodopa and ibuprofen and conjugated with Anti-alpha-synuclein aptamer (FNLLICAASA). In this study, different aptamer sequences were designed and the best aptamer was selected. Then, the FNLLICAASA was synthesized, characterized, and the amount of dopamine level changes in SH-SY5Y cells after exposure to FNLLICAASA was evaluated. Also, the interferon-gamma (INFG) expression was assessed. The binding of FNLLICAASA to SH-SY5Y cells was also investigated using a fluorescent microscope and flow cytometry. The results of molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation showed that aptamer APT46 with GAGGAG sequence was the best-chosen aptamer. The FNLLICAASA have a size range of 120 to 310nm with an average positive zeta potential of 30 mV. The dopamine level change was increased in treated SH-SY5Y nerve cells, indicating the dopaminergic property of FNLLICAASA. Also, the expression of INFG was decreased in treated SH-SY5Y nerve cells, indicating the anti-neuroinflammatory property of FNLLICAASA. The binding tests showed the targeted binding of synthesized nanoliposomes to alpha-synuclein molecules on the cell surface of SH-SY5Y cells.

Media as a Factor of Intellectual Evolution

The article presents the philosophical media, which act as a factor of intellectual evolution in the realities of modern social development. The authors consider media and technization in relation to the formation of new principles of social existence. The specificity of intellectualization of social systems is revealed. Innovative effects of media influencing society for the life of individual and collective subjects are determined. A comparative analysis of the implementation of intellectual achievements in practice is given. The possibilities of cognitive, value and behavioral resources in relation to the consolidation of society are clarified. The authors substantiate the popularity of media as an open communication system. Emphasis is placed on the pragmatics of media. The authors consider new media from the standpoint of challenges for the formation of new principles of social existence. The instrumental capabilities of media in the field of journalism are identified. The innovative effect of storytelling for intellectual evolution is determined. The positive potential of immersive media and VR technologies is designated. The possibilities of narratives in relation to the foundations of personal and collective existence are clarified. The emphasis is placed on the pragmatics of media. In conclusion, the article summarizes and summarizes the results of the study.

Sensitive Gold Nanostar-Based Adsorption Sensor for the Determination of Dexamethasone

Herein, a novel, highly efficient electrochemical adsorption method is introduced for detection of the potent anti-inflammatory synthetic corticosteroid, dexamethasone (DEX). Unlike conventional electrochemical techniques that rely on high reduction potentials, the proposed sensor offers an alternative adsorption-based mechanism with a gold nanostar-modified glassy carbon electrode (AuNS|GCE). This enables DEX detection at a less negative or moderate reduction potential of +200 mV, circumventing potential window limitations of a GCE and providing a suitable microenvironment for detection in biological media. DEX is known to effectively prevent or suppress symptoms of inflammation due to its small applied dosage; however, an overdose thereof in the human body could lead to adverse drug effects such as gastrointestinal perforation, seizures, and heart attacks. Therefore, a sensitive method is essential to monitor DEX concentration in biofluids such as urine. NMGA-capped AuNSs were leveraged to enhance the active surface area of the sensing platform and allow adsorption of DEX onto the gold surfaces through its highly electronegative fluorine atom. Under optimized experimental conditions, the developed AuNS|GCE sensor showed excellent analytical performance with a remarkably low limit of detection (LOD) of 1.11 nM, a good sensitivity of 0.187 µA.nM−1, and a high percentage recovery of 92.5% over the dynamic linear range of 20–120 nM (linear regression of 0.995). The favourable electrochemical performance of this sensor allowed for successful application in the sensitive determination of DEX in synthetic urine (20% v/v in PBS, pH 7).

Differential effects of concentric and eccentric contractions on the primary motor cortex in healthy young and elderly participants.

Aging is associated with a decline in musculoskeletal function, particularly muscle weakness, which affects a significant proportion of older adults and is associated with reduced quality of life and increased mortality. Two major contributors to age-related muscle weakness are muscle atrophy and cortical alterations. Eccentric exercise has been identified as a promising intervention to counteract these declines, as it has the potential to increase both muscle mass and cortical activity in young people. However, while the benefits of eccentric contractions on muscle mass in older adults are well documented, their effects on cortical activity, particularly in the lower limbs, remain unclear. The aim of this study was to compare cortical activity during concentric and eccentric quadriceps contractions of young and older adults. This prospective study included 32 healthy participants: 17 young (23 ± 4 years, 6 women, 11 mens) and 15 older (62 ± 7 years, 7 women, 8 mens). Muscle strength was assessed using an isokinetic ergometer, muscular activity with electromyography electrodes positioned on quadriceps, and cortical activity using electroencephalography (EEG). Participants performed 40 concentric and 40 eccentric voluntary contractions against 20% of their maximal voluntary isometric contraction. EEG data were processed to analyze motor-related cortical potentials, specifically the negative potential (NP). The NP was divided into two main components: latency and amplitude as indicators of cortical activity during movement preparation and execution. There were no significant differences in participants characteristics between groups, except for age. Muscular activity was lower during eccentric than concentric contractions (p < 0.05). Cortical activity was significantly lower in older compared to young adults, which was reflected in reduced NP latency across several electrodes (Cz, p = 0.03; C4, p = 0.02; FC2, p = 0.02). However, regarding NP amplitude, it was significantly higher during eccentric contractions in Cz, C4, FC5, and C2 electrodes (p < 0.05) across both age groups. This study is the first to investigate cortical activity during eccentric lower limb contractions in older adults. The results suggest that eccentric contractions induce greater cortical activation compared to concentric, even in older adults who generally exhibit reduced cortical activity. These findings support the potential of eccentric as an effective intervention to improve motor function and muscle strength in older adults.

Corrosion Inhibitor for Mild Steel in Mixed HCl and H2SO4 Medium: A Study of 1,10-Phenanthroline Derivatives.

A phenanthroline derivative, [1,2,5]-oxadiazolo-[3',4':5,6]-pyrazino-[2,3-f]-[1,10]-phenanthroline (OPP), was synthesized and evaluated for corrosion inhibition on mild steel in a mixed acid solution of 1 mol/L HCl and 0.5 mol/L H2SO4. OPP achieves 99.53% efficiency at 20 °C and sustains above 86% up to 60 °C. The polarization curve shows that OPP reduces current densities at less negative potentials, with E corr shifting less than 85 mV versus the control, indicating primary anodic protection as a mixed inhibitor. OPP shows a 10-fold increase in charge transfer resistance compared to the control as measured through EIS, demonstrating that it creates a substantial challenge to electron loss from Fe. SEM and AFM confirm that OPP alleviates the damage of acid on the steel surface. OPP adheres to the Langmuir model and chemisorption mode. XPS and EDS register OPP-iron complex formations and uniform nitrogen distribution, respectively, indicating successful OPP adsorption. OPP retains around 98 and 85% efficiency after 10 cycles at 20 and 60 °C, respectively, indicating good stability even at high temperatures. Quantum chemical results further suggest strong OPP-steel interactions, with low potential for localized corrosion and optimal adsorption geometry for robust bonding (-10.59 eV adsorption energy).

Analisis Yuridis terhadap Penggunaan Deepfake dalam Pelanggaran UU ITE

The advancement of information and communication technology in the era of the Industrial Revolution 4.0 has given rise to various digital innovations, one of which is deepfake technology that utilizes artificial intelligence and machine learning to manipulate audio-visual content convincingly. Although it has positive potentials in entertainment and education, the misuse of deepfake on social media has caused various legal and ethical issues, such as the spread of hoaxes, defamation, privacy violations, and non-consensual pornography. This study aims to analyze the use of deepfake from the perspective of Indonesian law, particularly through Law Number 11 of 2008 on Electronic Information and Transactions (ITE Law) and its amendments. Using a qualitative descriptive approach and literature study methods, this research examines the technical aspects of deepfake development, the relevance of ITE Law articles in regulating manipulative content, and the challenges of law enforcement amid low digital literacy in society. The findings show that although there are no explicit provisions concerning deepfake in the ITE Law, several articles can serve as a legal basis to prosecute offenders, albeit with interpretative and technical implementation challenges. Therefore, regulatory updates and improvements in digital literacy are necessary to prevent and effectively handle the misuse of deepfake technology.

The aging self: how older men and women reflect on themselves and others.

ObjectivesSelf-relevant stimuli, such as one’s name or face, are prioritised by the brain, leading to faster responses and enhanced attentional processes. The psychophysiological underpinnings of those mechanisms are related to early and late event-related potential (ERP) components, particularly to reduced N2 and enhanced late positive potential (LPP). However, most up-to-date research on the self has focused on groups of young adults while older groups were rarely recruited for such experiments — the present study aimed to fill this gap. Thus, age-related changes in the self-referential processing were investigated and plausible gender differences were explored.MethodsEEG data were collected from 56 participants over 60 years old. Before the experiment, participants completed psychological assessments and selected a close person (e.g., a friend) and a preferred Polish celebrity (e.g., Lech Wałęsa). The experimental task consisted of three blocks (Self, Close, Famous), where participants were viewing 150 adjectives and judged whether each adjective applied to the description of the assigned person.ResultsERP results indicated higher LPP amplitudes and reduced negative N2 components in the self condition in comparison both to the close as well as famous person conditions. Notably, these effects seem to be more pronounced in older women.DiscussionEnhanced LPP indicates deeper self-reflection linked to the highest attention allocation to self-related personality traits. On the other hand, reduced N2 suggests lower involvement of executive control in visual encoding and response execution. In conclusion, the findings of our study revealed a robust self-prioritization effect in older adults, driven primarily by women.

Revealing an Intercalation Nature of High-Capacity Conversion Cathode Materials for Fluoride-Ion Batteries by Operando Studies.

To improve the performance of high-energy-density electrode materials for all-solid-state fluoride-ion batteries (ASSFIBs), it is important to understand the structure and phase evolution during operation, which is closely correlated to capacity fading. In this study, an operando cell is designed compatible with laboratory X-ray diffraction (XRD) to monitor real-time structural changes of bismuth trifluoride (BiF3) cathodes and degradation of the ionic conductor BaSnF4 under negative potentials at 100 °C. Supported by ex-situ XRD, our results reveal a multi-step defluorination of BiF3: from orthorhombic (o-BiF3) to cubic (c-BiF3), then to distorted orthorhombic (o'-BiF3), and finally to metallic bismuth (Bi), indicating partial intercalation-type character. Formation of bismuth oxidefluoride (BiOF) beyond 200 mAh g-1 is attributed to oxygen impurities introduced via solid-state synthesis. operando X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) confirms a continuous reduction of Bi3+ to Bi0 with intermediate phases. Rietveld refinement quantifies the phase fractions and structural transitions, enabling a model for BiF3 defluorination. Comparison of operando XRD and XAS reveals that BaSnF4 contributes transport of both fluoride and oxygen impurities, leading to BiOF formation. BaSnF4 also exhibits a broad stability window, with degradation occurring below -200 mV, rather than the expected -50 mV vs. Sn/SnF2.

Assessment of Cytotoxic Effects of Quercetin Nanoemulgel on Different Skin Cancer cell lines

Objective Quercetin, a polyphenolic flavonoid with antioxidant and anticancer effects, has limited use due to poor water solubility. The objective of this study was to improve the therapeutic effectiveness of quercetin by developing a topical quercetin nanoemulgel. Method By optimizing the oil (clove oil) and smix ratio (Tween 20:propylene glycol), quercetin nanoemulsion was prepared by spontaneous emulsification method and then evaluated. The optimized nanoemulsion was further prepared to form quercetin nanoemulgel. Results According to evaluation studies, the optimized quercetin nanoemulsion (QUE NE 3) exhibited stability with a negative zeta potential (−38.2 mV), a tiny particle size (98.2 nm), and high entrapment effectiveness (96.36%). The optimized nanoemulsion was formulated into a nanoemulgel (QUE NEG 3). Studies on ex vivo drug release of quercetin nanoemulgel (QUE NEG 3) showed improved permeability, with cumulative drug release of 93.56 ± 1.16% in 8 h, which was greater than standard quercetin gel (QG) and drug free loaded nanoemulgel (DFL NEG). This was proved by CLSM which shows the delivery of QUE NEG 3 into the dermis. Dose-dependent inhibitory effects were found in cytotoxicity assays conducted on skin cancer cell lines (TE 354.T, A431, and A375) by using the MTT assay. The results demonstrated that quercetin nanoemulgel (QUE NEG 3) showed higher cytotoxicity of 66.52% especially against A431 cells. Hence proving its ability to treat squamous cell carcinoma. Conclusion These findings imply that the quercetin nanoemulgel is a viable drug delivery method for enhancing quercetin’s solubility and therapeutic efficacy.

Neurophysiological evidence of romantic love- and maternal love-specific vicarious risk and outcome processing during dynamic decision-making.

Vicarious decision-making is a fundamental to social interactions. Growing evidence suggests that the neural mechanisms underlying such decisions may vary according to interpersonal relationship types. However, the specific modulatory effects of romantic love on vicarious risk assessment and outcome evaluation during dynamic decision-making remain unclear. Against this background, we employed a computerized gambling task combined with electroencephalography (EEG) to examine the neurophysiological correlates of romantic love's influence on vicarious decision processes in romantically involved young adults (n=40) while also investigating comparative effects of maternal love. Our results showed relationship-specific risk cues and outcome processing patterns during vicarious decision-making. In detail, we found enhanced N100 and late positive potential (LPP) amplitudes for romantic partner at the cue phase but increased P300 amplitudes to wins and attenuated LPP amplitudes to losses for mother at the feedback phase. Additionally, oscillatory analysis revealed reduced alpha band oscillation for self versus strangers and attenuated theta band oscillation for partners relative to mothers during low-risk conditions. Together, these findings demonstrate that vicarious risk and outcome processing are fundamentally shaped by interpersonal relationships, with romantic partners and mothers eliciting qualitatively distinct neural response patterns in romantically involved individuals.

Elucidating the Activity of Electrochemical Nitrate Reduction: High-Valent Anionic Intermediates as Kinetic Gatekeepers.

The persistent paradox in electrochemical nitrate reduction (NO3-RR)─the requirement of high overpotentials despite its highly exothermic nature─remains a critical roadblock for efficient ammonia electrosynthesis. Here, we resolve this conundrum by identifying a high-valent anionic intermediate as kinetic gatekeepers during the nitrate reduction on a single-atom catalyst by using AIMD simulations under explicit solvation and electrode potentials. Employing our self-developed constant-potential thermodynamic integration method, we reveal a stark kinetic barrier dichotomy: while the reaction is thermodynamically favorable governed by the N-O break, the protonation to oxygen at a low anionic state necessitates substantial activation energy. Mechanistic analysis uncovers that electrode polarization preactivates *NO3- into a metastable high-valent *NO32- intermediate, which serves as the key step to the following protonation process. Crucially, this intermediate's stabilization requires a highly negative potential, directly linking its formation to the observed overpotential. Furthermore, molecular dynamics simulations also demonstrate that K+ cations play a key role in electrostatically stabilizing the adsorption of negatively charged NO3- onto the negatively polarized cathode. This work calls for the urgent reconsideration of conventional nitrate reduction mechanisms and the exigency of refined interface design principles for improved nitrate electrocatalysis.

Designing the Nanoconfined Environment for Energy-EfficientMetal Nanoparticle/Ligand-Based Electrocatalysts

Nanoconfined electrocatalystsdemonstrate enhanced selectivityand activity owing to new phenomena emerging from chemical speciesconfined at the interface. Creating these nanoconfined pockets atthe interface is not trivial. We need highly negative potentials tocreate the pockets in metal/ligand catalysts like Ag-nanoparticle/orderedligand interlayer catalysts. Lowering this activation potential canmake the electrocatalysis more energy-efficient, and changes in theenvironment can impact this potential. We used Density FunctionalTheory (DFT) to evaluate the impact of ligand length and density,interfacial protons, and surface defects like Ag vacancies and Cuand Au dopants. The nanoconfined configuration is stabilized whenthe ligands are longer and more densely packed, leading to betteragglomeration. It is also stabilized when the ligands adsorb protonsand when the ligands detach from the surface easily owing to lowercharge transfer. Au-doped surfaces displayed the lowest charge transferand decreased the activation potential.

N, S coordination in Co single atom catalyst promoting CO2RR towards HCOOH at negative potentials

N, S coordination in Co single atom catalyst promoting CO2RR towards HCOOH at negative potentials

Effects of combined CBGA and cannabis-derived terpene nanoformulations on TRPV1 activation: Implications for enhanced pain management.

Effects of combined CBGA and cannabis-derived terpene nanoformulations on TRPV1 activation: Implications for enhanced pain management.

Electrophysiological comparison of left versus right stellate ganglia neurons.

Electrophysiological comparison of left versus right stellate ganglia neurons.

English

The study revealed the opportunity for biopesticides based on nanoemulsions derived from Kaempferia galanga and waste from patchouli oil distillation as an alternative control of bacterial leaf blight pathogen of rice to replace synthetic pesticides and support sustainable agriculture. Research conducted showed that the formula composition consisting of oil fraction [(87 mL patchouli oil distillation waste; 3 mL Tween 80) + water fraction (7.5 mL bioethanol; 2.5 mL K. galanga extract)] produced a stable and homogeneous biopesticide formula. In addition, it could suppress the development of the pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), which is shown by the highest inhibition zone compared to other formulas. Formula 1 features stable nano-sized particles that exhibit a negative zeta potential. Research conducted on rice plants demonstrated that the nanoemulsion biopesticide Formula 1 effectively suppressed the development of bacterial leaf blight. The most significant reduction in disease intensity, measured at a concentration of 2000 ppm, was 6.84% lower than bactericides. Furthermore, the application of this biopesticide did not adversely affect the growth of rice plants, as no significant differences were observed in growth variables

Phycocyanin-butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea L.) anthocyanin nanoparticles as novel high internal phase Pickering emulsion stabilizers with antioxidant and UV shielding properties.

Phycocyanin-butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea L.) anthocyanin nanoparticles as novel high internal phase Pickering emulsion stabilizers with antioxidant and UV shielding properties.

Utilizing tomato pomace-based pectins in the fabrication of selenium nanoformulations - Functional characterization and gastrointestinal stability.

Utilizing tomato pomace-based pectins in the fabrication of selenium nanoformulations - Functional characterization and gastrointestinal stability.

Regulating Rh-based rare earth nanoalloy electrocatalysts by scandium, yttrium for accelerated hydrogen evolution kinetics

Regulating Rh-based rare earth nanoalloy electrocatalysts by scandium, yttrium for accelerated hydrogen evolution kinetics