Need For Further Reform Research Articles

The impact of the ECHR decision “Kaverzin v. Ukraine” on strengthening criminal liability for torture

This article explores the impact of the European Court of Human Rights’ decision in the case of «Kaverzin v. Ukraine» on the legal mechanisms for criminal liability for torture in Ukraine. The ECtHR’s ruling marked a pivotal moment in shaping national legal frameworks and significantly influenced the enhancement of penalties against torture. The implementation of the Court’s decision into Ukrainian legislation, an analysis of amendments to the Criminal Code, and the interaction between international and national law in protecting human rights are examined. The article highlights the role of the ECtHR as a crucial tool in the fight against torture, emphasizing the importance of judicial precedents for legislative and judicial reforms. The study utilizes data from legal documents, analytical reports, and current data on compensations paid following ECtHR decisions, indicating the need for further changes in the human rights sphere in Ukraine. The consequences of the ECHR decision for Ukrainian legal practice are analyzed, in particular, the changes related to criminal liability for torture. The details of the changes to the Criminal Code of Ukraine that were made after the decision are disclosed and their impact on improving the human rights environment is assessed. The study also focuses on the role and effectiveness of the measures taken by the state to implement the Court’s decision and the challenges that Ukraine still faces in ensuring adequate investigation of torture cases. Further development of the human rights situation in Ukraine requires not only legislative changes, but also cultural and institutional transformation of the law enforcement system. The article provides recommendations on the need for further reform of the penitentiary system and the judiciary to strengthen the protection of human rights and the reliability of justice. The article highlights the prospects of Ukraine in the context of international obligations and the need to adapt the national legal system to the standards of the ECHR. The development of clear procedural guarantees and strengthening legal accountability for human rights violations can significantly increase public trust in justice and contribute to overall legal stability in the country.

Customs authorities as subjects of customs payments administration: current state and prospects for further reform

The article is devoted to the study of the features of legal regulation of the activities of customs authorities in Ukraine in modern conditions. It is established that the system of customs authorities includes the central executive body that implements the state customs policy, customs offices and customs posts. It is emphasized that the customs authorities are entrusted with the direct implementation of customs affairs, and the main purpose of customs authorities is to create favorable conditions for the development of foreign economic activity, ensure public safety, and protect the customs interests of Ukraine. It is noted that an important aspect of the activities of customs authorities is the administration of customs payments, which is an important component of filling the state budget of Ukraine, as well as a means of regulating foreign economic relations and protecting the national commodity producer. The author analyzed the adopted Law of Ukraine “On Amendments to the Customs Code of Ukraine Regarding the Establishment of Peculiarities of Service in Customs Bodies and Conducting Certification of Officials of Customs Bodies” № 3977-IX, which is aimed at improving the legal foundations of service in customs bodies. The draft Law of Ukraine “On Amendments to the Customs Code of Ukraine Regarding the Assessment of the Efficiency and Effectiveness of the Activities of Customs Bodies” dated 12/25/2024 № 12360 was analyzed, the purpose of which is to introduce a procedure for assessing the efficiency and effectiveness of the activities of customs bodies in order to obtain information on the achievement of the goals of the state customs policy, increase the efficiency and effectiveness of the activities of customs bodies, optimize the processes of making managerial decisions, improve the procedures for customs control and customs clearance of goods moving across the customs border of Ukraine, as well as improve the system and structure of customs bodies. The article considers current problems affecting the regulation of customs payments in Ukraine. The author emphasizes the need for further reform of the customs legislation of Ukraine in the context of the European integration processes taking place in the country, as well as the martial law introduced in Ukraine. The article substantiates the need for further improvement of the activities of customs authorities, as well as reform of customs policy and customs administration in Ukraine.

Pornography, the Online Safety Act 2023 and the need for further reform

Pornography, the Online Safety Act 2023 and the need for further reform

REVISITING THE PERSPECTIVES AND FUNCTIONS OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT IN NIGERIA’S QUEST FOR COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT

Although, the roles of the grassroot government in community development have been explored; but an up-to-date analysis on the specific objectives of this paper is unavailable. Consequently, the specific mandates of this paper are tripartite: to examine the concept of community development and associated perspectives/angles of community development; to highlight the roles of local governments in community development; and to relay the hindrances hindering local governments from performing its function of implementing and fostering community development. Rooted in participatory theory and qualitative research design; the paper made pertinent findings and observations regarding the objectives of the paper. On the perspectives, the following angles of community development were analyzed: Community development as provision of basic infrastructure, community development as community building, and community development as neighborhood regeneration. Re-examining the functions of local government in community development, this paper observed that local government is an agent of mass mobilization and participation. Revisiting the perspectives and functions of local government in Nigeria therefore highlights the need for further reforms aimed at strengthening local governments for effective community development as local governments have been unable to truly become vehicles of: mass mobilization, massive economic growth and development, and social and economic justice in Nigeria.

The Regulation of Paid Parental Leave in Australia: Delivering Gendered Patterns of Care

Key changes to the Paid Parental Leave Act 2010 (Cth) (‘ PPL Act’), which offers minimum wage payments to parents on parental leave, took effect in July 2023. These changes sought to improve the gender equal utilisation of parental leave. This article assesses these changes to that end. The article also explores the regulation of employer-funded parental leave policies, which has been under-researched to date, drawing upon recent Workplace Gender Equality Agency data and interviews with human resource professionals. The data reveals that employer-funded parental leave policies often provide higher levels of income replacement than the PPL Act but mirror many of the PPL Act’s features that discourage gender equal parenting. These findings highlight the need for further reform in the regulation of paid parental leave to increase take up amongst men. Such reform will require flexible parental leave policies with non-transferrable and generous entitlements for all parents with high levels of income replacement.

A historical analysis of the banking system and its impact on Greek economy

This paper outlines the critical role of banks in the Greek economy, emphasizing their importance for maintaining stability and fostering financial growth. It traces the historical development of the Greek banking system, examines its current structure, and explores future challenges and opportunities. The paper adopts a historical-analytical approach, beginning with a comprehensive review of the Greek banking system’s evolution. It then delves into four key pillars, regulation, function, accessibility, and societal impact, to provide an in-depth analysis of the banking sector. This method allows for a well-rounded understanding of both the historical context and the current dynamics influencing the Greek financial landscape. The Greek banking system has been a pivotal player in the country’s economic development, especially during periods of recovery and growth. Post-2008, the global financial crisis exposed significant weaknesses in the banking sector, including a prevailing deficit of confidence. Regulatory reforms, while effective in some areas, have left challenges related to accessibility, societal trust, and economic resilience. The need for further reforms, especially in digital banking and transparency, is identified as crucial for long-term stability and growth. Conclusion: Greek banks remain essential to the national economy, yet they face considerable challenges, especially regarding public confidence and systemic risks. Addressing these issues through targeted reforms is vital for creating a more resilient and sustainable future for the Greek banking sector. The paper provides actionable recommendations for policymakers, emphasizing the importance of strengthening regulatory frameworks, enhancing accessibility to financial services, and fostering societal trust through improved transparency. The recommendations aim to help the Greek banking sector navigate future uncertainties while supporting economic growth.

Modernization of the Financial Market in Uzbekistan and Its Development Prospects

This study examines the modernization of Uzbekistan's financial market, focusing on key gaps in securities trading and the role of investment intermediaries. Despite recent reforms, issues remain in market stability and foreign investment attraction. Addressing this, the research analyzes transaction volumes and sectoral performance on the "Tashkent" Republican Stock Exchange during the first half of 2024, combining quantitative data analysis and a literature review. Results show increased banking sector transactions but a decline in overall trading volume. The study emphasizes the need for further reforms, incorporating international best practices to enhance market development and support Uzbekistan's economic growth.

Лицензирование как административно-правовой институт в современных условиях

The article studies licensing as an administrative and legal institution at the present stage of socio-political and economic development. Different scientific approaches to this phenomenon are shown and integrated, its essence, significance and legal nature are determined. The conclusion is made about the need for further reform of the licensing and permitting system, in particular, the development of special norms concerning the functioning of this system in the conditions of martial law and emergency situations.

Pornography, the Online Safety Act 2023 and the need for further reform

ABSTRACT The UK’s Online Safety Act 2023 regulates pornography in a range of new ways which could radically alter both how pornography is accessed and the nature of the content available. However, while the Act ostensibly represents a new form of regulation focusing on the systems and processes of online platforms, in practice it is content-based. Our analysis reveals that the Act generates eight new classifications of pornography, each associated with a distinct legal framework, thereby creating a confusing and unnecessarily complex regulatory regime. Accordingly, we recommend further reforms to fortify and clarify the regulatory regime, as well as a more comprehensive review of pornography regulation in general, with the overall aim of reducing the harms of pornography.

Price linkages in major EU virgin olive oil markets

Price linkages in major EU virgin olive oil markets

ПРАВОВІ ЗАСАДИ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЇ ПРАЦІ ОСІБ, ЯКІ УТРИМУЮТЬСЯ В УСТАНОВАХ ВИКОНАННЯ ПОКАРАНЬ

Ukraine as a democratic, legal social state on the path to European integration, needs to reform all sectors of society. Particular attention in the transformation process is paid to the penitentiary system. The rights of persons who have committed a criminal offense and are held in penitentiary institutions (hereinafter – PIs), along with the rights of other citizens, are protected by the Constitution of Ukraine and international human rights law. Among the fundamental human rights is the right to work. In its turn, the work that convicted persons are involved in is a necessary component of achieving the goal of serving a sentence – the correction of a person and his or her resocialization. Labor is a significant factor in human life. It is a volitional activity aimed at creating material values. Labor as a means of correction and resocialization of a convicted person is defined by the provisions of Article 6 of the Criminal and Executive Code of Ukraine (hereinafter – the CEC). The conscientious performance of their labor duties is taken into account when applying for conditional early release of a convicted person. Therefore, socially useful labor, which convicted persons are involved in, helps to reduce crime. Given the reforms that the penitentiary system in Ukraine has undergone, legal regulation of the organization of work of persons held in PIs is an actual issue of the day. The article highlights the legal basis for organizing labor of persons held in penitentiary institutions. The essence of the constitutional right of a convicted person to work is considered. Labor is defined as a means of correction and resocialization of a convict. The legal basis of socially useful work of convicts is analyzed. The functions of socially useful activities of convicted persons are defined. The principles of involving convicts in socially useful work are defined. The author establishes the working conditions for those convicted to restraint of liberty. The author analyzes the current legislation of Ukraine in terms of the obligation to involve convicted persons in labor; the list of jobs and positions in which it is prohibited to use convicts; requirements for remuneration, working week, and salary; involvement in labor on a free basis; and pension provision for convicted persons. The author draws conclusions about the need for further reform of the penitentiary system in terms of ensuring that convicts have the right to engage in labor activity in accordance with their abilities, desire and fair remuneration. Key words: labor, work of convicts, labor activity, labor contract, penitentiary institution, socially useful work, labor functions, working conditions, involvement in work, remuneration, penitentiary system in Ukraine, European integration.

Application of the criteria-based assessment system to the tasks of developing the functional literacy of students in teaching chemistry

Relevance. Every day, the number of innovations and discoveries is increasing exponentially. At the same time, the current education system is not fully adapted to the realities of the requirements for candidates in the labor market, which is why higher education institutions are not able to produce highly qualified specialists. This paper highlights the shortcomings of the approach to the study of inorganic chemistry by students of higher educational institutions, the main of which are the lack of skills to make decisions, as well as to work with massive amounts of information. Purpose. The purpose of this paper is to modernize the educational process and the knowledge assessment system for students who study inorganic chemistry. Ways to modernize the current knowledge monitoring system were implemented by creating test tasks with a gradual increase in complexity, the so-called �three-dimensional model� of learning. Methodology. As subjects for studying the practical application of this approach, 24 students were selected, 12 people each in the experimental and control groups. The experiment took place as part of the study of the course of inorganic chemistry, which comprised 10 topics. Results. Progress in this discipline was higher among students whose training took place according to the three-dimensional system. At the same time, a holistic concept of knowledge assessment was selected, which maximally excluded any bias on the part of the assessor. Conclusions. Such reforms will help the state to train more specialists who will be able to compete with experts from all over the world, in particular engineers and technologists. All this testifies not only to the expediency of using a combination of these methods for teaching students of the Republic of Kazakhstan, but also to the need for further reform of outdated educational programs not only at the level of one higher educational institution, but also on a global scale. Keywords: teaching methodology; effective learning; three-dimensional model; structuring of the educational process; criteria-based assessment; self-organization

Novels of the legal regulation of copyright protection on the Internet

The article is devoted to the analysis of the current state of the system of Ukrainian legislation in the field of copyright protection on the Internet, as well as to the provision of proposals on the basis of this analysis to improve the regulatory regulation of copyright protection on the Internet.
 It has been established that the development of the latest digital technologies, the large-scale use of the Internet, along with numerous positive aspects, causes a number of problems related to the protection of copyright.
 It is noted that in the field of improving the protection of intellectual rights in general and copyrights in particular, positive changes have taken place in recent years regarding the protection and protection of copyrights. An important step in the field of copyright protection was the adoption in December 2022 of the new Law «On Copyright and Related Rights».
 Innovations in the field of copyright protection on the Internet, which are provided for by the new Law «On Copyright and Related Rights», have been analyzed. In particular, the new powers of the patent attorney, cases of extending the time limits for the performance of certain actions by website owners and hosting service providers, the procedure for holding the hosting service provider or website owner to account for failure to perform certain actions provided for by law, new opportunities for the applicant to specify data on hosting provider or website owner.
 Considering the procedure for copyright protection in court, it is proposed to introduce the «John Doe» concept into the rules of procedural law, according to which the right holder has the opportunity to initiate legal proceedings even when the identity of the offender is not established at the time of filing the lawsuit.
 The authors draw attention to the need to create a specialized court that will consider disputes in the field of intellectual property, work on the creation of which began back in 2017, but is currently incomplete and slowed down.
 In the conclusions to this article, the authors substantiate the relevance and need for further research in this area, as well as the need for further reform of national legislation in the field of copyright protection on the Internet in order to reduce offenses in this area and effectively protect the rights of authors.

ДОСЯГНЕННЯ ТА ВИКЛИКИ СПІЛЬНОЇ ПОЛІТИКИ БЕЗПЕКИ Й ОБОРОНИ ЄВРОПЕЙСЬКОГО СОЮЗУ (1999–2016 рр.)

The article examines the formation of the Common Security and Defence Policy of the European Union and the first stage of its development (1999–2016). The legislative framework for European integration in security and defence is analyzed, primarily a number of treaties adopted at the end of the 20th and the beginning of the 21st centuries. It was found that their normative provisions began to be implemented within the framework of the EU CSDP (until 2009 – ECSDP), which was launched in 1999 thanks to the decision of the European Council. The key directions of the EU CSDP at the first stage of its development (1999–2016) were the implementation of peacekeeping operations, the formation of battlegroups, as well as the initiation of joint projects in the field of defence within the framework of the European Defence Agency. It was concluded that the first two directions carried out at the expense of the capabilities already available in each country, developed most dynamically. From 2003 till 2016, the EU carried out more than 30 peacekeeping operations in different parts of the world, and since 2005, multinational combat groups began to go on duty. However, the effectiveness of the implementation of the CSDP was affected by the lack of a single strategic culture among the participating countries, which led to cases of blocking proposals for peacekeeping operations or the use of EU battlegroups to resolve crises. A serious problem at the first stage was also the lack of joint financing mechanisms for peacekeeping operations and battlegroups, due to which most of their costs were transferred directly to the participating countries. It was revealed that the weakest link during 1999–2016 was the third direction of the CSDP, which related to the joint development of defence capabilities at all stages. The article concludes that the experience of the first stage of the CSDP was taken into account in the further reform of the EU, in particular, in the process of launching new initiatives during 2017–2022, which brought European defence integration to a new level. It is emphasized that Russia’s invasion of Ukraine proved the need for further reform of the CSDP while simultaneously strengthening the EU’s cooperation with the USA, NATO, and Ukraine.

Tax Administration in Nigeria: A Systematic Literature Review

Tax administration is vital for national development, acting as the principal vehicle through which governments generate revenue for economic growth and public service delivery. In Nigeria, tax collection is administered by the Federal Inland Revenue Service (FIRS), State Internal Revenue Service (SIRS), and Local Government Revenue authorities. These entities gather funds to support crucial infrastructure, healthcare, education, and other critical services. However, Nigeria faces significant challenges in tax administration, including rampant tax evasion, a substantial untaxed informal sector, corruption, and complex tax legislation. These issues hinder the government's capacity to generate sufficient revenue for national development. This systematic review analyzes the existing literature on tax administration in Nigeria from 2018 to 2024, addressing three key questions: (i) What are the primary obstacles in tax administration? (ii) How does tax administration influence government performance and revenue generation? (iii) What measures have been suggested or implemented to improve tax administration efficiency? Through a comprehensive search of databases such as Research gate, PubMed, JSTOR, Google Scholar, and others, this study finds noteworthy discoveries linked to recent tax reforms, such as the implementation of the Tax Identification Number (TIN) system and the Voluntary Assets and Income Declaration Scheme (VAIDS), have had a mixed impact on revenue generation. The use of technology, including e-tax systems, has enhanced tax compliance but faces challenges related to internet connectivity and cyber security. Additionally, the informal sector remains largely untaxed, posing a significant challenge to expanding the tax base. The implications of these findings highlight the need for further reforms in tax administration. Streamlining tax regulations, enhancing technological infrastructure, combating corruption, and improving taxpayer education are essential steps for increasing revenue collection. Addressing these challenges will not only boost revenue generation but also promote sustainable economic growth in Nigeria. Policymakers and stakeholders can leverage these insights to build a more efficient and transparent tax system, thereby contributing to overall economic and social stability.

Examining the Forms of Central Government’s Dominance over Local Governments in Liberia

In recent years, the government of Liberia and its stakeholders have developed several policies towards decentralization that have led to significant developments. However, challenges still remain, especially the dominance of the central government, political greed, etc. This study aims to identify the forms of central government’s dominance over local governments in Liberia and its impacts on local governance. This research applied a qualitative method with primary data obtained through interviews with relevant informants and secondary data obtained through analysis of previous studies, mass media, and policies regarding decentralization in Liberia, and analyzed using an interactive model in addition to the NVivo 12 Plus software. The findings reveal that the central government exerts dominance in three forms, including visible, hidden, and invisible forms. Visible forms include explicit regulations predominantly financial control and local officials' appointment, which allowed the central government to dictate local governance. Hidden forms mainly include intimidation and political party influence, which are not publicly acknowledged, allowing the central government to maintain its dominance and often devaluing local agendas. Invisible forms mainly include institutional capture and policy development, shaping the mindsets of local officials and citizens as well as viewing this dominance as natural, thus leading to a culture of silence. Hence, the research emphasizes the need for further reforms to ensure a balanced distribution of power and the independence of local governments to serve communities effectively and make decisions aligned with local needs.

Development of soft skills of high school students as an opportunity to implement the requirements of modern education

The article considers the main features of the formation process of “soft skills” of high school students in the training based on modern educational technologies. The first part of the article describes the features of the world and Kazakhstan society development over the past three decades, and concludes that there is a need for further reforms in the field of professional guidance in the secondary education system. Matching the needs of modern society, the latter should develop student’s not only professional orientation, but also supra-professional, “flexible”, or “soft” skills. The importance of the vocational education cycle in developing “soft skills” among secondary school pupils is also discussed. In the final part of the article an overview of advanced pedagogical technologies was given, the effectiveness of which in terms of the development of soft skills has been confirmed by both pedagogical science and practice. Significant work in this direction is implemented in further plans to address the problem of soft skills development in terms of effective career guidance work in schools in Kazakhstan. The study shows the main forms and results of the development of soft skills in modern high school in the professional education school system

Wirecard scandal. A commentary on the biggest accounting fraud in Germany’s post-war history

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to illustrate how the Wirecard scandal has highlighted the need for further reforms in Germany and Europe, exposing institutional and market oversight weaknesses, particularly in terms of market integrity and investor protection.Design/methodology/approachTo provide a comprehensive picture of the situation, this paper is based only on relevant studies, which focus on the topic of interest, namely, the context of the Wirecard collapse in June 2020. It also examines how internal and external governance and monitoring mechanisms failed to uncover major fraud within the German payments group earlier.FindingsThis study shows that this is by no means an isolated or unpredictable incident, and the allegations of accounting fraud had been known for several years, thanks to warnings from the Financial Times. In addition, the paper reviews the serious shortcomings revealed in the Wambach report. The report provided private details of the Wirecard audit and documents on the relationship between Wirecard management and the auditor. All of this can serve as a reference point for institutional and market oversight architecture in Germany and Europe and pave the way for future research.Originality/valueThe paper contributes to the literature by highlighting the implications of the Wirecard scandal and the lessons that can be learned from what was one of Germany’s biggest corporate scandals especially at a time when many are already affected by the impact of COVID-19 on the entire financial services industry.

Exploring Infectious Complications following Breast Reconstruction Tissue Expander Placement in Penicillin-allergic Patients

INTRODUCTION: In an effort to avoid anaphylaxis, penicillin-allergic patients are often given vancomycin or clindamycin as alternative perioperative antibiotics.1 In implant-based breast reconstruction patients, many of whom are at heightened risk for surgical site infections, it is prudent to evaluate the complication profile of those receiving alternative antibiotic coverage. Without additional risk factors for infection following breast reconstruction, the risk of infection is below 5%.2 However, seldom do studies consider patient allergies to penicillin a risk factor. When given via the intravenous route, it takes clindamycin 45 minutes to reach peak serum concentrations whereas it takes cefazolin 15 minutes to reach peak serum concentration.3,4 We hypothesize that patients who experience penicillin allergies experience increased infection rates with different speciation compared to their penicillin nonallergic counterparts because current recommendations do not facilitate sufficient time for the prophylactic antibiotic to reach peak concentration and efficacy. METHODS: This was a retrospective review of consecutive patients who underwent breast reconstruction with tissue expander placement between 1/1/2010 and 12/31/2018. Demographic data was collected, and the primary outcome of this study was development of infection. Infection-related complications were defined as those infections requiring re-admission for intravenous antibiotics or reoperation. Type of infection, culture speciation, treatment regimen, and time between operation and onset of infection were recorded. Other implant-based complications were recorded and analyzed including seroma, hematoma, wound dehiscence, mastectomy flap necrosis, capsular contracture, implant malposition, implant rupture, fat necrosis, premature tissue expander or implant explantation, and flap donor or recipient site morbidity. RESULTS: One-hundred fifty-three (153) patients were included in the review. Thirty-five (35) had a penicillin allergy and received alternative perioperative antibiotic coverage. Infection-related complications occurred in 45.7% of penicillin-allergic patients and 28.0% of those without penicillin allergies (p=0.048). Premature explantation of a tissue expander was performed in 25.7% of penicillin-allergic patients and 11.9% of controls (p=0.0441). CONCLUSIONS: In this population, penicillin-allergic patients experience significantly higher rates of infection-related complications than patients without penicillin allergies. This may be due to decreased effectiveness of alternative regimens due to dose timing or the community specific antibiogram. This suggests inadequate antibiotic coverage by the alternative antibiotics most commonly used. There is a need for further reform of perioperative antibacterial guidelines to optimize outcomes in this patient population, whose oncologic therapy increases their infection risk from the outset of reconstruction. REFERENCES: 1. Ranganathan K, Sears ED, Zhong L, et al. Antibiotic Prophylaxis after Immediate Breast Reconstruction: The Reality of Its Efficacy. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2018;141(4):865-877. doi:10.1097/PRS.0000000000004204 2. Baghaki S, Soybir GR, Soran A. Guideline for Antimicrobial Prophylaxis in Breast Surgery. J Breast Health. 2014;10(2):79-82. doi:10.5152/tjbh.2014.1959 3. Leigh DA. Antibacterial activity and pharmacokinetics of clindamycin. J Antimicrob Chemother. 1981;7(suppl A):3-9. doi:10.1093/jac/7.suppl_A.3 4. White RR, Pitzer KD, Fader RC, Rajab MH, Song J. Pharmacokinetics of Topical and Intravenous Cefazolin in Patients with Clean Surgical Wounds: Plast Reconstr Surg. 2008;122(6):1773-1779. doi:10.1097/PRS.0b013e31818d5899

Access to public information as a factor in the formation of civil society institutions in Ukraine

The article considers the Law of Ukraine "Access to Public Information" in terms of the formation of the information society. The importance and necessity of this law at the current stage of Ukraine's development were determined and argued. A comparison is also made with previous regulations governing public relations that arise in the field of information society. Based on international and foreign experience in the formation and formation of institutions inherent in the information society, analysis of the situation in Ukraine, conclusions and proposals for improving the legal regulation of the formation of the information society in Ukraine. The article draws conclusions about the need for further reform of public authorities to regulate the information sphere of public relations in Ukraine.