Necessity Of Restoration Research Articles

Vegetation cover is a crucial key to the success of ecological restoration in the desertified steppe of Inner Mongolia

In this study, we analyzed the environmental factors influencing the restoration process of the degraded ecosystem in the Inner Mongolian steppe, the largest steppe ecosystem in Asia, which is experiencing rapid desertification, and evaluated the effects of restoration on the damaged ecosystem in China. For this purpose, we selected degraded steppe areas left to desertification in the Hulunbuir region, four restored sites where vegetation was artificially introduced for restoration, and reference ecosystems, including a non-desertified area with the dominant Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica community and a meadow steppe area. We conducted analyses and monitoring of plant community characteristics and soil environmental factors to assess the progress of restoration. The results showed that the introduction of indigenous woody plants in the degraded areas led to a proportional increase in vegetation cover, plant biodiversity, and species abundance over time. The primary external forces driving the succession of vegetation in the restored sites were soil factors including organic matter content, temperature and total nitrogen levels, which were associated with an increase in vegetation cover. These results can be interpreted as an increase in vegetation cover leading to an increase in litter production. This in turn reduces soil temperature and evaporation, subsequently enhancing the activity of soil microorganisms. Over time, the species composition, structural diversity of communities, and ecosystem functions in the restored sites gradually became more similar to those of the reference ecosystems. This indicates that vegetation restoration in this area has been very successful. In particular, the positive change in local residents’ awareness regarding the necessity of restoration has been considered a crucial contribution to the success of restoration in the degraded areas. It has led to a decrease in perceived anthropogenic threats to the restored sites. These results indicate that the introduction of native woody plants is crucial and can increase vegetation cover and species composition complexity and local residents’ positive perception of restoration for the successful restoration of desertified drylands.

Preventive Conservation and Restoration Monitoring of Heritage Buildings Based on Fuzzy Logic

ABSTRACT This article discusses the usability of the Art-Risk 3.0 software for research on the conservation of heritage buildings. It is a new and free software based on fuzzy logic, which enables the assessment of preventive conservation and surveillance of the restoration of heritage buildings over a period of time. This artificial intelligence-based tool considers the vulnerability of buildings, their environments, and their management to evaluate the necessity of their restoration or preventive conservation. To validate the Art-Risk 3.0, 500 theoretical case studies were analyzed, and a 14th-century Mudejar-Gothic-style Church in Seville, Spain was studied both before and after its restoration to identify post-restoration changes. This proof of concept demonstrates the capability of the Art-Risk 3.0 software to analyze environmental impacts on the vulnerability, risk, and functional service life of buildings, and assess the effectiveness of restoration activities. Additionally, this software identifies the most problematic factors and the necessity of restoration.

Состояние и перспективы развития мелиорации в Амурской области

The reclamation complex of the region, after a long period of uncertainty, is among the priorities of agricultural development. The article deals with the problems of land reclamation, which acts as a means of ensuring the sustainable development of the agro-industrial complex of the region, since land reclamation plays a crucial role in increasing the fertility of developed lands and crop yields. However, reclamation systems need constant maintenance. It is noted that forest reclamation is insufficiently developed in the region. The purpose of the study is to analyze the current state of land reclamation in the Amur region. The study was conducted in 2018 – 2021 in the Amur region. It has been established that the majority of reclamation systems are in unsatisfactory condition due to a long service life, lack of repair and maintenance, as well as great wear and tear. As a result of the conducted research, the necessity of restoration and reconstruction of the reclamation systems of the region was established. The ways of development of land reclamation on the basis of restoration, repair, reconstruction and construction of new land reclamation systems are outlined. An example of the reconstruction of the reclamation Gilchinsk drainage system and the results of this reconstruction are given, which are expressed in the fact that agricultural work began to be carried out in optimal agrotechnical terms, regardless of weather conditions, and farmers receive stable high yields of agricultural crops. It was noted that it became necessary to pay attention to the design and construction of land reclamation. The modern approach to the survey of reclamation systems, the main directions of repair of concrete structures of reclamation structures are considered. The subject methods of economics, ecology, principles: diversity of forms are used. To conduct this study, information data from websites and other open sources were used.

Утраченные объекты модернизма в Ростове-на-Дону. Здание музея интернациональной дружбы в парке им. г. Плевен

The architecture of Soviet modernism occupies an important place in the history of world architecture. Due to the relatively recent recognition of Soviet modernism as a separate architectural trend, in most regions of our country (including the South of Russia), the objects, which were implemented in the Soviet Union in the 1960s and 1980s, have not been studied. This can lead to irreparable loss of structures with compositional and artistic value. The building of the former Museum of International Friendship, located in the park named after Pleven in Rostov-on-Don, is one of such objects. The building is designed using the basic planning, artistic and urban planning techniques of Soviet modernism. The article discusses the features of the Museum from different points of view. The retrospective analysis of transformations of the town-planning situation, which has influenced formation of the volume and compositional decision of the building, is carried out. The architectural and artistic features of the Museum are determined on the basis of field research and the study of preserved historical graphic materials. The article reveals the value of the object as a structure reflecting the main trends of Soviet architecture of the 1960s-1980s. The modern state of the building of the former Museum is investigated, the lost features of architectural and town-planning decisions are fixed. The necessity of restoration and preservation of its original appearance is confirmed

Economic analysis and justification of the directions of innovative development of the Krasnodar region’ agroeconomics

The analysis of the current state of the agricultural economy of the Krasnodar region is conducted, and the priority directions of its innovative development are substantiated, including the increase in the productivity of livestock and crop production sectors, the level of technical and technological equipment of production and the effectiveness of state support for commodity producers. The necessity of restoration and development of branch science is noted with the intensification of the processes of its integration with private capital, education, and production. A critically high dependence of commodity producers on imported seeds of high-yielding varieties and hybrids of individual crops has been established and recommendations have been formulated to reduce it. It has been established that the most problematic subsectors that hamper the implementation of the import substitution program in the region are the meat and dairy cattle breeding sectors, which require their primary improvement. The necessity of developing the livestock breeding as an important factor of preservation and restoration of soil fertility in the region due to growth of production volumes and application of organic fertilizers, as well as expansion of the area of sowings of perennial and annual grasses, is substantiated in the paper. It is noted that an important direction to improve the efficiency of the agro-economy of the region is to strengthen the system of its state support and the development of small forms of management with deepening the processes of cooperation and integration.

Защита трудовых прав групп работников

The article pays attention to the fact that as a rule violations of labours’ right protection are of mass proportions, but the labor legislation does not provide the possibility for collective defense. Features of the labours’ right protection predetermine the necessity for restoration of the rights of one employee to solve the question about other employees whose rights have been violated in the same way. Following this line of reasoning and taking into account the identified advantages of collective defense, there was substantiated the necessity of recognition of the collective right for protection in a case of simultaneous violations of the rights of a few (group) of employees by the same employer. In the article there were formulated the attribute which has to meet the group of employees for purposes of collective defense. Some peculiarities of realization of the collective right to protection were also analyzed in present article. Special attention was paid to the collective suspension of work and classaction lawsuit as measures of collective judicial protection.

Докучаевское почвоведение. Единство теории и практического приложения. Противоречия. Есть ли они? (к 170-летию В.В. Докучаева)

In this paper we consider civilizational, social and economic role and place of fundamental and applied aspects of the soil science on the basis of analysis of classic scientific heritage. The predeterminacy of such a dualism is stipulated. It is shown that the part of comprehensive scientific works of V. V. Dokuchaev in the area of applied science and principals of landscape and ecological rational management of natural resources was not so appreciated as internationally acclaimed theory of soil and its determination in status of natural and historical body. The role of scientists of Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute in the forming of the appearance of soil science in the World in the past century is fundamental. There is also shown the value of session of Academy of Agricultural Sciences “The Scientific Heritage of V. V. Dokuchaev and Modern Agriculture” (June, 1992) for the purposes of the development of works in the area of investigation and creation of ecologically balanced highly productive and sustainable agrolandscapes, and also for the projection and ecquisition of adaptive-landscape agriculture systems and actual agrotechnologies. Scientific schools and their leaders caused a significant impact on the development of soil science and agriculture in Russia and in the World. The fundamental basis of genetic soils science of V. V. Dokuchaev determined the creation of fundamentals of landscape agriculture; biospheric paradigm of Dokuchaev-Vernadskiy determined actual trends of World agricultural production; genesis and classification of soils by N. M. Sibirtsev determined the development of valuation of soils; theory of humus forming, chernozem forming and podzol forming by P. A. Kostychev determined the development of scientific agronomy; theory of SCC by K. K. Gedroyts determined the development of chemical melioration of lands; theory of soil forming by V. R. Williams determined the development of grassland farming and fodder production; the soil forming theory of N. M. Tulaikov determined the development of dry agriculture; the hydrology theory of G. N. Vysotskiy and A. A. Rode determined the development of forestry and forest melioration; biogeochemistry of V. I. Vernadskiy and B. B. Polynov determined the development of theory of rational management of natural resources; geochemistry and soil ecology by V. A. Kovds determined the developmeny of hydrotechnical melioration; theory of soil-climatic facies by I. P. Gerasimov, the fundamentals of soil investigations by L. I. Prasolov, theory of soil cover structures by V. M. Fridland determined soil-geographic and soil-ecologic zoning; the investigation of phosphate transformation in soils by A. V. Sokolov led to creation of powerful industry of phosphate fertilizers production and the development of technologies of their implementation. The critical analysis of actual state of soils science is given. There is also stipulated the extreme necessity of participation of business community in the financing of the science and forming of innovative framework. Along with that, there is shown the necessity of restoration of State Land Service in Russia.

Channel degradation and restoration of an Alpine river and related morphological changes

River degradation and thus necessity for restoration are major issues worldwide. However, adequate methodologies to assess morphological variations linked to these actions and the morphological success of restoration interventions are still to be determined. The Ahr River (South Tyrol, Italian Alps) was characterized until the mid-twentieth century by an anabranching and meandering pattern, but starting from the 1960s it underwent intense channel degradation in terms of narrowing, incision, and floodplain disconnection. In the period 2003–2011, several reaches of the Ahr River were restored by widening and raising the channel bed. The planimetric changes that occurred historically in the Ahr River were determined by the interpretation of 10 maps and aerial photos covering the period 1820–2011. The estimation of the incision that occurred during the degradation phase was assessed by the difference in elevation between gravel surfaces, whereas the changes introduced by restoration interventions in two reaches were evaluated through the comparison of topographic cross sections surveyed in year 2000 and a high-resolution bathymetric LiDAR survey flown in late 2012. The MQI (Morphological Quality Index) was applied to different reaches in order to test how assessment methodologies respond to degradation and restoration actions. The combined analysis of planform and vertical changes indicates that gravel mining has been the largest pressure for the river, but a change in sediment/flow regimes probably led to the channel adjustments that occurred during the early twentieth century. The restoration measures have locally increased channel width, elevation, and morphometrical diversity compared to the unrestored reaches, as well as the morphological quality assessed by MQI. However, the extent of the modifications brought about by restoration works differs between the two restored reaches, pointing out the need for a quantitative analysis of the historical evolution of each river reach before designing and implementing restoration actions and to the necessity to monitor the subsequent morphological adjustments.

The Role of the Orthopaedic Oncologist in Chest Wall Resections and Reconstructions

Tumors of the bony thorax are rare and present unique challenges in achieving optimal oncologic results. Negative margins can be quite difficult to obtain because of the proximity to vital structures, hence rendering wide resection challenging. Chest wall resections are also complex because of the necessity for restoration of a functional chest wall with adequate soft tissue coverage to prevent paradoxical respiration and to mitigate pulmonary complications. Traditionally, thoracic surgeons have treated chest wall tumors. However, at some centers, orthopaedic oncologists have performed resections and reconstructions of these tumors with minimal perioperative morbidity. Previous studies have shown both an increase in the number of wide resections and a survival benefit for the treatment of these tumors when care is provided at a sarcoma center of excellence with a multidisciplinary team. We recommend a multidisciplinary treatment algorithm for these tumors with a musculoskeletal oncologist, thoracic surgeon, and plastic surgeon to bring about successful wide resection of the tumor, restoration of functional chest wall kinetics, and appropriate soft tissue coverage.

Математичне моделювання з визначенням напружено-деформованого стану в тібіофеморальній зоні в умовах дефекту суглобового хряща

Існує необхідність відновлення анатомічної будови і функції колінного суглоба, що були порушені внаслідок травми хряща. На основі математичного моделювання методом кінцевих елементів визначено напружено-деформований стан елементів біомеханічної моделі колінного суглоба — медіального надвиростка стегнової кістки і суглобового хряща з наявністю дефекту розміром 5, 10, 15 і 20 мм. З появою дефекту хряща напруження на ньому різко зростають за рахунок крайового ефекту. Таким чином, край дефекту є концентратором напружень і з ростом розміру дефекту напруження зростають. Уже при дефекті 5 мм напруження збільшуються на 66,0 %, а при 20 мм — на 181,14 % (у 3 рази). В умовах динамічного навантаження — при ходьбі в повсякденному житті таке напруження може сприяти швидкому прогресуванню дегенеративних змін у структурах колінного суглоба.

Abstract 5173: The human homologue of frog (Xenopus laevis) anterior gradient protein promotes metastasis via regulation of cellular adhesion

Abstract Our recent studies indicated a significant up-regulation of anterior gradient protein-2 (AGR-2) in bone metastatic human prostate cancer cells, PC3, following growth in bone marrow conditioned medium. Evidence indicates that AGR2 belongs to the family of protein disulfide isomerases and has been linked to intestinal mucus production, tumor growth and metastasis of various adenocarcinomas and poor survival of patients with breast and prostate cancers. Few recent reports have also reported the regulatory elements of AGR2 function, but its specific role(s) in tumorigenesis and metastasis is still unclear. In the present study, we have analyzed the role of AGR2 in cancer progression and metastasis using prostate cancer as a model. Human prostate cancer tissue microarrays and autopsy tissues, obtained from University of Alabama at Birmingham consortiums were immunostained for AGR-2 expression. Results were also confirmed in a spontaneously developing transgenic adenocarcinoma of mouse prostate (TRAMP) model. Further characterization of AGR-2 function was determined in PC3 cells with targeted silencing of AGR-2 expressions for tumor growth and metastases in vitro and in vivo. Results of our study found AGR-2 expression mainly in the prostate luminar epithelial cells, but no difference was observed between normal prostate gland, BPH and early stages of prostate cancer in both human and TRAMP mouse. Significant reduction in AGR-2 expression was observed in grade IV & V prostate cancers. Interestingly, although declining AGR-2 was evident in higher grade prostate tumors, significantly elevated AGR-2 expressions were observed in the metastatic sites of the same individuals. AGR-2-silenced PC3 cells formed tumors in SCID mice similar to control cells whereas their ability to remain attached to various ECM proteins were greatly compromised. Several key integrins, which mediates ECM binding, were also found to be down-regulated in the AGR-2 silenced PC3 cells, suggesting loss of AGR-2 may be associated with their detachment from the primary tumor and initiation of metastasis. AGR-2 is further up-regulated in metastatic sites indicating its necessity for restoration of integrins for attachment in a new microenvironment. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5173. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-5173

Arqueología, Arquitectura e Historia en el Archivo Histórico Provincial de Jaén

A partir de la necesidad de restaurar y presentar una propuesta de conservación para uno de los inmuebles más emblemáticos de la capital jiennense, se descubre lo que, a juicio de los investigadores, son los últimos restos de los «antiguos palacios árabes», y a través de un estudio combinado de estratigrafía muraria, intervención arqueológica y el estudio de las fuentes documentales, se ha podido constatar la secuencia histórica del edificio que es sede del Archivo Histórico Provincial, localizado en una de las zonas de más relevancia histórica de la ciudad. La ocupación documentada abarca desde niveles romanos, almohades, siendo más tarde palacio real, convento, universidad, plaza fuerte de la resistencia en la Guerra de la Independencia, hospicio de hombres y, finalmente, Archivo Histórico.
 
 Es un ejemplo de cómo los edificios se mantienen vivos dentro de la trama urbana, adaptándose, transformándose y de la lectura de estas secuencias y de las improntas que este devenir deja en sus paramentos, en el subsuelo.

Infants. Avoidance of Contracts. Necessity of Restoration of Consideration

Infants. Avoidance of Contracts. Necessity of Restoration of Consideration