Nature Conservation Importance Research Articles

ТЕОРЕТИЧНІ АСПЕКТИ ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ СУТНОСТІ ТУРИСТИЧНОЇ АКТИВНОСТІ УЧАСНИКІВ ТУРИСТИЧНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ

Tourism plays a significant role in the modern world, influencing the economy, cultural exchange, social sphere, nature conservation, etc. The study of tourism helps to reveal its impact and opportunities for improvement not only for tourists, but also for other participants in tourism activities, in particular for local communities. The research is based on the study of the essence of the tourist activity of the participants in tourist activity for a better understanding of the tourism role in modern society and its importance for socio-cultural exchange, economic development and nature conservation. The article analyzes various aspects of tourist activity, including socio-cultural and economic approaches, as well as the impact of tourist activity on nature and the environment. The author’s vision of the essence of “tourist activity” is presented, which is characterized from the standpoint of an economic approach, that is, as a component of economic activity. Examples of tourism types and tourist activities inherent in them are given. Tourist activity is characterized as a complex of active and passive types of activities that are formed depending on the choice of tourists and their needs. This gives every tourist the opportunity to find the type of recreation that best suits his preferences. The differences between the concepts of excursion, expedition and hike are defined, which consist in the purpose and nature of tourist activities, as well as in the way of their organization and duration. The importance of studying the impact of tourist activity on the nature and environment of the tourist participants is emphasized, and the need for the development of ecologically aware tourist practices and the encouragement of compliance with the rules of ecological behavior among tourists is emphasized. The results of the research will contribute to the deepening of knowledge about the essence of the tourist activity of the tourist participants and their role in modern society, which, in turn, can have an important impact on the further development of the tourism industry. The results of this study can be useful for the tourism industry development, as well as for the formulation of policies and strategies aimed at improving conditions for tourist participants and the tourism sector development in general.

Peran Komunikasi dalam Membangun Keberlanjutan dan Ketahanan Lingkungan

Environmental sustainability and sustainable development are the main problems in the world today. Environmental damage caused by human activities has reached an alarming level. Collective action is needed to restore ecological balance and protect the planet for future generations. Communication plays an important role in achieving environmental sustainability and sustainability. Effective communication can increase public awareness of environmental issues, encourage public participation in environmental projects, and facilitate cooperation between different interest groups. The aim of this research is to consider the role of communication in building sustainability and environmental sustainability. The importance of communication in increasing environmental awareness can help people understand the impact of human activities on the environment and the importance of nature conservation. The role of communication in encouraging community participation can motivate people to participate in environmental activities such as recycling, energy efficiency and environmental activities. Facilitating cooperation between different communication actors can bring together various related parties, such as the state, NGOs, the private sector and society, to jointly solve environmental problems. Communication is an important tool for building sustainability and environmental sustainability. Communication can help us achieve a greener and more sustainable future by raising awareness, encouraging community participation and facilitating collaboration.

Program Adiwiyata “School Garden for Better Future” Sekolah Dasar (SD) Kristen Satya Wacana Salatiga

Background: Environmental education in Indonesia aims to increase the younger generation's awareness of environmental sustainability. Student involvement in activities that support nature conservation from an early age is significant in forming pro-environmental behavior. The "School Garden for Better Future" program at Satya Wacana Christian Elementary School, Salatiga, is designed to provide an understanding of the importance of nature conservation and practical skills in agriculture. Method: The service partners in this program are 52 grade 4 students at Satya Wacana Christian Elementary School, Salatiga. Participatory approaches involve stages of coordination meetings, garden creation, monitoring, education, evaluation, and integration of service activities into the school curriculum. Data was collected through questionnaires, direct observation, and interviews and then analyzed using qualitative descriptive techniques. Results: The school garden has been successfully established as a dynamic learning environment. Education about ornamental plants and maintenance guides increases students' understanding of the living environment. Evaluation through filling out questionnaires show a high level of satisfaction among educational participants, with significant increases in knowledge and practical skills. The integration of community service activities into the school curriculum and extracurricular programs supports the sustainability of this program by involving active participation from students and teachers. Conclusion: Implementing the "School Garden for Better Future" Program at the Satya Wacana Christian Elementary School in Salatiga has achieved its primary objective, namely providing students with an understanding of the importance of nature conservation and practical skills in sustainable agriculture.

ЦЕНА ПРИРОДЫ: ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКАЯ ОЦЕНКА ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ РЕСУРСОВ И ЕЕ РОЛЬ В УСТОЙЧИВОМ РАЗВИТИИ

The article is devoted to the assessment of environmental resources and their role in sustainable development. In the modern world, awareness of the importance of nature conservation and sustainable use of its resources is becoming increasingly relevant. The features of the economic assessment of natural resources and ecosystem services are considered, as well as the principles and methods of determining their value are analyzed. Special attention is paid to the problems related to the need to integrate the economic assessment of nature into decision-making processes at the level of public policy and business. The importance of taking into account the ecological value of natural resources and ecosystem services in economic models and management practices is emphasized. It is concluded that it is necessary to develop mechanisms that contribute to a more accurate and objective assessment of the value of nature and its consideration in sustainable development.

Kearifan lokal sasi ikan lompa masyarakat desa haruku dalam menjaga kelestarian ekosistem laut: studi literatur

The local wisdom of the Maluku traditional community, especially in the practice of sasi, shows a strong understanding of the importance of nature conservation and sustainable use of natural resources. In the management of natural resources, sasi law, which is recognized both written and unwritten, is an important basis. Sasi, which is considered sacred and combines religious and traditional values, plays an important role in preserving the environment. This practice is becoming more and more crucial in the face of growing environmental harm from irresponsible behavior on the part of some people. Using secondary data found, evaluated, and integrated from previous research on the local wisdom of Sasi Ikan Lompa, this research uses literature, documents, books, and various scientific journals. The research results show that lompa fish sasi in Haruku Village, which is supported by established regulations, shows the awareness of indigenous peoples about environmental conservation. The lompa fish sasi is closed when the fish reaches the age of seven months, when the fish is in the nener phase. Coastal communities also harvest lompa fish as bait and food. Lompa fish is used as a main side dish and bait, and the people of Haruku Village also sell it to earn money. Lompa fish that is not sold can be consumed immediately or preserved for use in the next few months. The indigenous people of Haruku Village really hope to maintain and preserve local wisdom about sasi ikan lompa. This is important to maintain marine ecosystems, maintain the abundance of lompa fish, and help the community.

AN ECOLINGUISTIC ANALYSIS OF SALIENCE IN THE CAMEROONIAN NEWSPAPER

Environmental communication plays a vital role in creating awareness about the importance of nature conservation, and actions needed and/or put in place to safeguard it. This research piece investigates discursive patterns that activate ecological salience in the Cameroonian newspaper. Analysis focused, firstly, on the identification and interpretation of pragma-linguistic entities marked with valorisation and conservation of the biophysical environment. The data comprised forty (40) newspaper articles selected from ten newspaper publishers in Cameroon. Salience-evoking elements in environmental texts were identified and interpreted using the ecolinguistic framework, specifically the model of deixis, postulated by Bang and Døør (1993). The descriptive statistical method (DSM) was used. This involved qualitative and quantitative analyses of the articles; starting with the identification, quantification and interpretation of linguistic and pragmatic entities in the texts. Findings revealed that the Cameroonian press tactfully used language categories depicting the ideals, relevance and conservation of the country’s ecosystems. Ecologically valorising markers found included adjectives, hedging, headlines and slogan, eco-dignifying metaphors and intertextuality (the evocation of texts relating to the beauty and conservation of nature). Generally, it was observed that the Cameroonian press used language strategically to project a positive image (importance) of her existing flora, fauna, reptiles and fish, and biosphere (water bosies, land and the atmosphere). Cognizant of the sustenance nature offers earthly life, it is prudent for the media to cover nature stories regularly, and in language forms that align with, and reinforce, global efforts to valorise, protect and conserve the ecosystem.

Caipora and the conservation of natural resources in tropical forests in the South Recôncavo region, Bahia State, Northeast Brazil

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the imaginary of Caipora and environmental conservation in Serra da Jiboia. Data obtained through the application of semi-structured interviews and Likert scale. All data were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. Through factor analysis, it was possible to identify four factors that explain the variations in responses given by residents of the region, suggesting a strong belief in the spiritual entities of the forest and its importance for nature conservation. 57 interviews were carried out and the socioeconomic characterization of the participants was carried out, were composed of men and women predominantly between 50 years or more and who carry out agricultural activities. Although Catholicism is the predominant religion in the region, belief in Caipora was high, being related to the appreciation and preservation of local nature. Through the chi-square test, it was possible to verify a statistically significant relationship between the belief in Caipora and the activities carried out in the forest by the interviewees. This study contributes to the understanding of the relationship between popular beliefs and environmental conservation, highlighting the importance of considering local knowledge for the development of public policies aimed at nature preservation.

Visitors to national parks show positive attitudes towards recolonising wolves in the Bohemian Forest Ecosystem

Wolves (Canis lupus) are recolonising large swathes of their former European territories after a lengthy absence. This expanding distribution brings wolves to areas of naïve human communities, inflating risks to human-wildlife coexistence. As such, understanding public attitudes and perspectives to wolf return is central to supporting human-wildlife coexistence. Wolves returned to Germany in 2000 and sporadically to Czech Republic in the 1990s, but only few studies have assessed public attitudes. No research from a protected area visitor perspective has been conducted in Europe, despite their importance for outdoor recreation and nature conservation. We conducted face-to-face surveys of visitors, administered by enumerators during 2018–2019 (n = 869) in the Bavarian Forest and Šumava National Parks, which form a transboundary protected area along the German-Czech border, where the first wolves re-established in 2015. Primarily, we applied aspects of attitude theory, focusing on the components of attitudes (ABC Model of Attitudes) to examine support for wolves from national park visitors (locally and nationally) and if the visitors' attitudes towards wolves differ. We found substantial support for wolves recolonising Germany and Czech Republic (84.5 %), and agreement that wolves belong in these national parks (89.6 %). Attitudes varied most by country of residence, with Czech visitors more supportive than Germans. Transboundary management which recognises the human dimensions of large carnivore conservation is crucial to supporting coexistence. We highlight the importance of understanding the diverse sociocultural backgrounds across Europe which may influence attitudes towards wolves, and nature conservation areas to support long-term transboundary management policies, coexistence goals, and education.

Urban biodiversity and adolescent mental health and well-being

Biodiversity may play a role in the mental health and well-being of people living in urban areas, but there is limited research on this. We investigated the association between proximity to Sites of Importance for Nature Conservation (SINCs) and mental health and well-being in 10- to 15-year-old adolescents living in London. SINCs are a key component of London's biodiversity and designated for their importance for the local habitat. We hypothesised that close proximity to a SINC (i.e., living within 1000 m from a SINC) would be a proxy for good access to it, which, in turn, would be associated with lower levels of mental health problems, and higher levels of self-esteem and happiness. In linear regression models, adjusted for individual and neighbourhood confounders, we did not find evidence to support our hypothesis. We discuss possible explanations for our null findings (e.g., definitions of biodiversity and access, and low statistical power) and highlight that, from our findings, we cannot infer that there is no association and that further research is needed.

The fauna of Opomyzoidea (excluding Agromyzidae) in the Gemer area (Central Slovakia): new records 2014–2022

Abstract A new biodiversity inventory of opomyzoid families (excl. Agromyzidae) in the Gemer area (Slovakia) is presented with a critical synopsis of previously published data and new records obtained from the Muránska planina National Park and the Cerová vrchovina Protected Landscape Area. The study includes the families Clusiidae (10 species), Acartophthalmidae (2), Opomyzidae (12), Anthomyzidae (14), Aulacigastridae (3), Stenomicridae (2), Periscelididae (5), Asteiidae (7) and Odiniidae (8). For each recorded species remarks on general distribution, biology, faunistic and/or nature conservation importance are provided. Four species, viz. Aulacigaster falcata Papp, 1998 (Aulacigastridae), Periscelis (Myodris) haennii Pollini Paltrinieri & Roháček, 2022 (Periscelididae), Neoalticomerus fabricius Withers & Papp, 2012 and Odinia photophila Papp, 1977 (second known specimen) (both Odiniidae), are recorded from Slovakia for the first time, and 14 other species are new additions to the fauna of the Gemer area, viz. Geomyza acutipennis Czerny, 1928, G. balachowskyi Mesnil, 1934, G. breviseta Czerny, 1928 and G. subnigra Drake, 1992 (Opomyzidae), Anagnota bicolor (Meigen, 1838), Anthomyza collini Andersson, 1976 and Stiphrosoma cingulatum (Haliday, 1855) (Anthomyzidae), Periscelis (Periscelis) annulipes Loew, 1858 (Periscelididae), Asteia elegantula Zetterstedt, 1847 and Leiomyza birkheadi Gibbs, 2007 (Asteiidae), Neoalticomerus formosus (Loew, 1844), Odinia czernyi Collin, 1952, O. meijerei Collin, 1952 and O. trinotata Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 (Odiniidae). First records of Neoalticomerus fabricius are also given from Germany, Poland and Czech Republic. Except for the above new faunal records, also the following species are considered interesting and important in the Gemer area because of their rarity or significance from the nature conservation point of view: Clusiodes gentilis (Collin, 1912) (Clusiidae), Stiphrosoma humerale Roháček & Barber, 2005 (Anthomyzidae), Podocera soniae (Merz & Roháček, 2005) (Stenomicridae), Periscelis (P.) laszloi Roháček, 2022 and P. (P.) winnertzii Egger, 1862 (Periscelididae). Diagnostic characters of some species of Odiniidae are emphasized and illustrated.

PELATIHAN ECOPRINT SEBAGAI BENTUK PEMANFAATAN BAHAN ALAMI KEPADA IBU-IBU PKK DESA MABUAN

Ecoprint Training is a non-formal educational program that aims to introduce natural printing techniques using organic materials from the environment. The training is designed to enable participants to develop their artistic skills while appreciating the biodiversity and abundance of natural resources that surround us. Training materials include an in-depth understanding of the types of plants, leaves, and other natural materials that can be used in the ecoprint process. Participants will learn about material preparation techniques, such as natural pigment extraction and fabric preparation. In addition, they will be given practical guidance in applying designs and creating unique motifs through natural printing techniques. During the training, there will be hands-on practice sessions where participants will practice the techniques they learned under the guidance of expert instructors. Participants will also be given the opportunity to experiment with combinations of natural materials and printing methods to create unique and personalized results. The purpose of this training is to enable participants to produce original and aesthetically pleasing ecoprint artworks. In addition, the program also aims to raise awareness of the importance of nature conservation and promote the use of natural materials as an environmentally friendly alternative. Through Ecoprint Training, it is expected that participants will acquire adequate knowledge and skills to continue the practice of natural printing independently. In addition, it is also expected that participants will bring home the spirit to maintain and preserve natural beauty and apply ecoprint principles in their daily lives.

ORGANIZATIONAL AND ECONOMIC STRUCTURE OF FUNCTIONING OF CITY PARKS: ASPECTS OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND ECOSYSTEM APPROACH

Topicality. The publication is devoted to highlighting the features of the application of the principles of sustainable development and the ecosystem approach to organizational and economic support for the development of city parks. The relevance of the article is justified by the fact that the presence of institutional traps in the field of development of city parks does not allow the implementation of these principles in full, which hinders the effective improvement of the field of green economy and increasing the importance of green spaces.Aim and tasks. The purpose of the article is to conduct an analysis of the adaptation of the principles of sustainable development and the ecosystem approach to the development of urban parks, as well as to identify institutional pitfalls that stand in the way.Materials and methods. In the process of preparing the article, materials of own research, analysis of statistical data, publications of domestic scientists were used. The following research methods were used: monographic (for a comprehensive study of the problem of organizational and economic support for the development of city parks and the identification of cause and effect relationships), statistical (when working with statistical data and analytical calculations).Research results. On the basis of the analysis, the interpretation of the principles of the ecosystem approach to the organizational and economic development of parks is provided and their importance for the further transition to sustainable development is substantiated. The analysis of quantitative indicators of green spaces in the cities of Ukraine indicates a significant potential to provide city residents with accessible recreational areas, and in some cities the indicators are even comparable to the most green cities in the world. But the shortcomings of the institutional system do not allow to present the cities of Ukraine at the international level, as well as to apply innovative and non-standard approaches to the organization of green space, which could significantly increase interest in Ukrainian cities. City parks are important nature conservation objects, but their organizational and economic structure prevails as compared to objects of communal economy, and does not take into account most of the socio-cultural and natural aspects of their essence.Conclusion. It was found that the most expedient priority improvement is the institutional component of the organizational and economic structure of city parks. This will make it possible to most effectively implement new approaches to the development of city parks, and implement the principles of sustainable development and the ecosystem approach. That is why the main institutional traps that stand in the way of further development were identified.

Population size affected by environmental variability impacts genetics, traits, and plant performance in Trifolium montanum L.

Population size, genetic diversity, and performance have fundamental importance for ecology, evolution, and nature conservation of plant species. Despite well-studied relationships among environmental, genetic, and intraspecific trait variation (ITV), the influence of population size on these aspects is less understood. To assess the sources of population size variation, but also its impact on genetic, functional trait, and performance aspects, we conducted detailed population size estimations, assessed 23 abiotic and biotic environmental habitat factors, performed population genetic analyses using nine microsatellite markers, and recorded nine functional traits based on 260 Trifolium montanum individuals from 13 semi-dry grassland locations of Central Europe. Modern statistical analyses based on a multivariate framework (path analysis) with preselected linear regression models revealed that the variation of abiotic factors (in contrast to factors per se) almost completely, significantly explained fluctuations in population size (R 2 = .93). In general, abiotic habitat variation (heterogeneity)was not affected by habitat area. Population size significantly explained genetic diversity(N A: R 2 = .42, H o: R 2 = .67, H e: R 2 = .43, and I: R 2 = .59), inbreeding (F IS: R 2 = .35), and differentiation (G ST: R 2 = .20). We also found that iFDCV (ITV) was significantly explained by abiotic habitat heterogeneity, and to a lesser extent by genetic diversity H e (R 2 = .81). Nevertheless, habitat heterogeneity did not statistically affect genetic diversity. This may be due to the use of selectively neutral microsatellite markers, and possibly by insufficient abiotic selective pressures on habitats examined. Small T. montanum populations in nonoptimal habitats were characterized by reduced genetic and functional trait diversity, and elevated genetic inbreeding and differentiation. This indicates reduced adaptability to current and future environmental changes. The long-term survival of small populations with reduced genetic diversity and beginning inbreeding will be highly dependent on habitat protection and adequate land-use actions.

Kegiatan Penghijauan Sebagai Upaya Pelestarian Lingkungan Di Negeri Mamala, Kecamatan Leihitu, Maluku Tengah

Climate change continues to occur uncontrollably, the earth's temperature is increasing. This condition can be caused by environmental degradation. Reforestation is an important step in maintaining the balance of the ecosystem and fighting the negative impacts of climate change. Through community service activities entitled greening, it aims to improve environmental conditions and increase awareness of the importance of nature conservation and environmental preservation. This activity was carried out as part of a collaborative effort between universities, local communities, and local governments in dealing with the challenges of environmental degradation in Mamala Country. As a result, various types of plants have been planted, such as trembesi, mahogany, mango, rambutan and durian.

Ecology of soil animals (Diplopoda class, Myriapoda group)

Class Шplays an important role in natural ecosystems, because it supports biodiversity and soil stability, and a change in the number or distribution of centipede species can indicate changes in the environment, such as pollution, soil degradation, climate change, etc. The purpose of the study is to identify the existing species of soil animals of the Diplopoda class, as well as to determine environmental factors that can affect their distribution. Species’ diversity was assessed by collecting individuals and classifying them into order, family, genus, and species. Climatic factors, namely temperature and precipitation, are also determined. As a result of the study, ecological aspects of centipede development were evaluated and their distribution and dependence on environmental factors, such as climatic, edaphic, and trophic factors, were analysed. In the southern region of Albania, 22 species of the Diplopoda class of the Myriapoda group were identified, among which mainly decomposers of organic remains and phytophages. The regions of Llogara and Šhašhica were noted as the regions with the highest diversity of millipedes. In addition, it was established that the variation of species is influenced by the environment, the presence of organic substances, and climatic factors. Temperature and humidity are determining factors influencing the distribution of the Diplopoda class in different biotopes. Species that have a large regional distribution and are most widespread in time throughout the year: Pachyiulus cattarensis, found in the period June-November, Glomeris pulchra – May-July, SeptemberOctober, Pachyiulus varius – May-October. A less active period was noted for the following species: Polydesmus complanatus, Glomeris latermarginata, Typhloiulus albanichus, Pachyiulus hungaricus, Glomeris pustullata. The research, which was carried out, is of practical importance for nature conservation, as the Diplopoda class plays an important role in maintaining ecosystems and biodiversity and can be an indicator of the state of the environment

Development of indicators for assessment of green infrastructure for a territorial network of ecological stability

Landscape structure and biotic indicators have a significant role in assessing the green infrastructure of a landscape and design of a territorial ecological network. In this contribution, a methodological approach has been developed for assessing and defining indicators of current land use and biota that can be used for designing a territorial network of ecological stability. We used the assessment of ecological stability of the elements of the current landscape structure, an index of the ecological stability of a representative geo-ecosystem, the cumulative effect of high ecological stability landscape elements, and the Shannon Diversity Index (SHDI) to measure the degree of entropy, or landscape diversity. The assessment of biota was based on qualitative habitat field data and an evaluation of their overall nature conservation importance based on the type of land cover and habitats, the importance of habitats, their current conservation status, how many rare habitats are in a region, and how many vulnerable species are present in habitats. The assessment was applied on a local level, using the example of the Dolný Lopašov study area. The spatial distribution of green infrastructure is not balanced within the study area. The most significant elements of the ecological network consist of natural and semi-natural habitats that have a favourable conservation status. The Malé Karpaty Mountains, situated in the northern region, are forest-covered and have the highest ecological stability. Intensively cultivated fields are dominant in the central and southern parts of the study areas and are characterised by a low proportion of green infrastructure and low ecological stability. The results of the modelling of the cumulative impact of landscape elements on ecological stability by distance show that the cumulative impact of woodland elements positively affects the ecological stability of the area, especially in the area of intensively cultivated fields, an element with a low degree of ecological stability. Using selected indicators of current landscape structure and biota helps to assess the overall ecological stability of the area, identify the most stable areas, as well as areas with the lowest ecological stability, where it is necessary to complete and design new elements of green infrastructure to increase the function of the ecological network.

An Ecoliterature Approach to Environmental Conservation: Take Four Selected Literary Works as Examples

The reciprocal relationship between humans and nature is determined based on their respective natures. This mutualism symbiosis is based on a relationship of use for mutual prosperity. Living together with nature means living in cooperation, mutual help and tolerance. The whole relationship becomes an inseparable entity; all things are interrelated and functional and have the same goal of protecting and preserving nature. Protecting the environment is key to the survival of fragile ecosystems, wildlife, and even humankind. However, the endless human needs often make humans act excessively, exploiting the environment as much as possible to meet the needs of life, resulting in severe environmental damage. This is the rationale for raising the theme of environmental conservation through literary media by referring to the concept and theory of eco-literature. The whole research is conducted using a qualitative descriptive method that focuses on content analysis, revealing the concept of nature conservation. The data sources are obtained from literary works randomly taken: Lines Written in Early Spring, a poem by William Wordsworth, Ode to Nightingale, a poem by John Keats, Nature, an essay by Ralph Waldo Emerson and An Enemy of the People, a drama by Henrik Ibsen. The results show that all the literary works chosen stand as the representative of literature on environmental conservation and literary works are sure to become an appropriate medium to teach and awaken people’s consciousness of the importance of nature conservation.

Better safe than sorry – Understanding the attitude and habits of drivers can help mitigating animal-vehicle collisions

The rapidly growing global road networks put serious pressures on terrestrial ecosystems and increase the number and severity of human-wildlife conflicts, which in most cases manifest in animal-vehicle collisions (AVCs). AVCs pose serious problems both for biodiversity conservation and traffic safety: each year, millions of vertebrates are roadkilled globally and the related economic damage is also substantial. For a comprehensive understanding of factors influencing AVC it is essential to explore the human factor, that is, the habits and attitude of drivers; however, to date, comprehensive surveys are lacking on this topic. Here we addressed this knowledge gap and surveyed the habits of drivers and their experience and attitude towards AVCs by a comprehensive questionnaire covering a large geographical area and involving a large number of respondents (1942 completed questionnaires). We aimed to reveal how driving habits affect the chance of AVC, and explored the attitude of the drivers regarding AVC. We found that the number of lifetime AVC cases was higher for male drivers, for those who drove longer distances per year, had more driven years, used country roads or drove large vehicles. Our results showed that almost half of the drivers surveyed had experienced at least one AVC in their lifetime. Drivers’ attitudes towards the importance of nature conservation or traffic safety in the aspect of AVC, and fear of collision showed a significant correlation with experienced AVC cases. Drivers' opinions indicated that the most trusted and desired AVC prevention measures were physical objects such as fences and wildlife crossings. Our research provides guidelines for developing targeted initiatives in the future to increase awareness about the significance of AVC and target those drivers who are most vulnerable to AVC.

Geographically Isolated Wetlands as a Reserve for the Conservation of Amphibian Biodiversity at the Edge of Their Range

Wetlands are of great importance for biodiversity and nature conservation, especially geographically isolated wetlands (GIW). Yet literature about the ecological value of such GIW is missing, especially at the edge of the distribution of endangered species such as amphibians. In 2018 and 2022, we monitored amphibian communities in 15 isolated (GIW) and 12 non-isolated (nGIW) ponds by counting individuals using three methods: (1) capturing with hand nets, (2) visual counting, and (3) capturing with fyke traps. The three methods provided similar results, showing the great importance of GIW for amphibians, especially newts, whose abundance was 5–13 times greater in GIW compared to nGIW. The largest numbers of species and individuals (adults and larvae) were found in isolated wetlands (GIW). In non-isolated water bodies (nGIW) where more than 10 individuals of the Chinese sleeper Perccottus glenii, an alien invasive fish, were found, amphibians were not found at all. Importantly, between 2018 and 2022, the northern crested newt, T. cristatus, dramatically decreased in the nGIW. As a result of our work, it was revealed that the reconstruction of geographically isolated wetlands is very important for the conservation of amphibian biodiversity in a changing climate. One of the most effective measures aimed at protecting amphibians from negative factors—the spread of alien invasive fish species and diseases—is the reconstruction of wetlands in historically exploited landscapes with the creation of a wide range of water bodies yet broadly dominated by geographically isolated ponds.

ОБГРУНТУВАННЯ СТРАТЕГІЇ РОЗВИТКУ ПАРКОВО-РЕКРЕАЦІЙНИХ КОМПЛЕКСІВ В СИСТЕМІ СТАЛОГО РОЗВИТКУ ТЕРИТОРІЙ

Goal. The purpose of the article is the study of modern trends in the functioning of parks and recreation areas and the formation of scientific and methodological bases for the justification of the strategy for the development of park and recreation complexes in the system of sustainable development of territories. Method. The solution of the set research tasks within the framework of the goal is implemented by using a systematic approach, methods of statistical processing of information, methods of analysis and synthesis, a dialectical approach to determine the prerequisites and basis for developing a strategy for the development of park and recreation complexes in the system of sustainable development of territories. The results. According to the results of the study of modern trends in the functioning of parks and recreation areas, the thesis is substantiated that the significant destruction of natural objects as a result of active hostilities not only leads to the loss of Ukraine's natural potential and a number of negative environmental consequences, in particular, in the form of environmental pollution, but also to a decrease national well-being, which is manifested in the deterioration of the financial and economic results of the functioning of territories and cities, the living conditions and the performance of professional functions of the community located in such locations. The analysis of statistical data showed that the last decade was accompanied by the active creation of regional landscape parks and the activation of actions by the state and local communities in the field of transferring territories and urban zones to the status of those of nature conservation importance. In these conditions, park zones received a special status, which allows to ensure the renovation of natural objects and to push and develop natural objects. As a result of active hostilities, which is accompanied by the destruction of the infrastructure of cities, the reduction of the areas of nature-protected territories, the financial, economic and social results of business entities are reduced. Therefore, in the work, taking into account the objective need to develop an effective toolkit for substantiating the strategy of the development of park and recreation complexes in the system of sustainable development of territories, recommendations for choosing a strategy, decision-making criteria and algorithms for their implementation with the simultaneous achievement of positive environmental results and the growth of economic indicators of economic processes on territory As a result, the scientific and methodological principles of substantiating the strategy of development of park and recreation complexes in the system of sustainable development of territories were formed. It was noted that the proposed developments are aimed at realizing the socio-economic and ecological potential of restoration of park areas, in particular at the level of the city and territories. Prospective directions for the development of parks have been formed, which will contribute to such processes and the formation of effective economic policy in the field of organizational and economic provision of sustainable development of city parks and other recreational and landscape areas. The information basis for achieving the set goal is the official statistical data of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, the Donetsk Regional State Administration, the results of research in the field of development of cities, territories, parks and recreation areas, carried out by domestic and foreign scientists, official sources of information on the financial and economic results of the functioning of regional of landscape parks of Ukraine, provisions of strategies for the development of cities and regions of Ukraine, provisions of the Sustainable Development Strategy of Ukraine until 2030. Scientific novelty. Refined scientific and methodical principles for the justification of the strategy for the development of park and recreation complexes in the system of sustainable development of territories are formed taking into account the current state of natural resources of Ukraine, and in particular the Donetsk region, and the consequences of active hostilities, which are accompanied by the irreversible destruction of a significant range of natural objects, and form the basis for clarification of the main provisions of strategies for the development of cities and territories on the basis of sustainability, which will contribute to the growth of national well-being and obtaining significant socio-economic results for improving the environmental conditions of economic activity.