Six Decades of Female Professional Radio Broadcasters: Their Mean Speaking Fundamental Frequency and Use of Vocal Fry.

Although an increasing amount of attention is paid to the concept of transmedia storytelling, i.e. the spreading of one, all-encompassing narrative across various platforms, the process of adapting a single narrative for a different medium also offers the potential to complement the original text while enriching understandings of it. George Lucas’s Star Wars universe is a case in point. When Brian Daley was tasked with adapting the 1977 film as a thirteen-part serial on National Public Radio in 1981, he took advantage of the extended format to provide fresh perspectives on familiar characters. Not only were deleted scenes reinstated, but new material was written positioning the character of Luke Skywalker more firmly as the central protagonist. This article examines the medium-specific challenges of re-imagining a 116-minute film as a serial over three times that length, applying frameworks usually employed to examine film narrative to argue that, in several key respects, the radio version provides a more classically complete storytelling model than its predecessor, revolving around a fully realised hero character in the form of Luke. By examining the radio serial in relation to the original film text, it facilitates a richer understanding of that long ago galaxy far, far away.

Abstract Vertamae Grosvenor is a central figure in African American foodways literature. She wrote four cookbooks and a nonfiction study of Black domestic labor, danced with Sun Ra’s Arkestra, hosted the television show Vertamae Cooks, was a correspondent on National Public Radio for decades, and performed in the films Daughters of The Dust (1992) and Beloved (1998). In each of these creative endeavors, Grosvenor educated readers and listeners about food, culture, and history. She also participated in a period of increased visibility for Black women’s literature. Vibration Cooking: The Travel Notes of a Geechee Girl appeared in 1970, the same year as the first novels by Toni Morrison and Alice Walker and Toni Cade Bambara’s The Black Woman: An Anthology. Like the novels, poems, plays, and anthologies by Black women writers in her network, Grosvenor’s writings about food are literary texts with political aims. Alongside and in conversation with Black women writing in other genres, Grosvenor’s work pushed African American foodways literature toward textual experimentation and Black liberation. Vibration Cooking was part of what Mary Helen Washington calls a “renaissance of Black women writers” in the 1970s and 80s and part of a Black feminist participation in and revision of the Black Arts Movement (BAM). Vibration stands at the intersection of foodways, Black feminist, and Black Arts literatures. It appeared at a crucial moment for Black feminism and Black Arts, and it opened up political and textual possibilities for African American literature.

Today’s digital landscape is a rapidly changing environment that dictates new rules for media audience interaction. Engaging and retaining user attention through game mechanics or gamification is one of the trending vectors in modern journalism. This article examines various gamification formats implemented in English-language online media outlets such as The Sydney Morning Herald, The Times, Al Jazeera, The Washington Post, The Guardian, DailyMail.co.uk, USA Today, The Wall Street Journal, New York Post, The Telegraph, CNN, CNBC, National Public Radio (NPR), The Boston Globe, The Los Angeles Times, HuffPost, The Bleacher Report, and Reddit. The selection of cases with gaming scenarios includes 31 media projects. Based on data analysis the authors develop the taxonomy consisting of eight gaming formats: classic games, point and reward games, leaderboard games, interactive stories, prediction games, social interaction games, personalization and customization, games with feedback and progress. The authors come to conclusion, that, despite the wide variety of gamification formats, English-language digital media show general preference for interactive texts and quizzes.

This paper explores some patterns of coverage of the coronavirus pandemic in the news programs of television and radio channels of the National Public Television and Radio Company of Ukraine. The process of pandemic coverage is reflexive and does not have a clear strategy or policy. The study is the first in this direction, and this is its scientific novelty. The most stable characteristic of vaccination coverage by Ukrainian Radio news is informing the audience about everything related to COVID-19 vaccinations.

ABSTRACT This paper is an examination of the vitality of U.S. public radio stations in rural areas. Previous empirical research suggests that the increased presence of commercial underwriting and listener donations (collectively referred to as “listener sensitive income”) has influenced National Public Radio and its local affiliate stations to behave in a way that more closely resembles commercial radio. This shift may have come at the expense of the initial intent and mission of public broadcasting which is to add diversity to the marketplace of ideas, serve underserved audiences, and most relevant to this study, provide a service that is reflective of local communities. This study analyzes data from a nationally representative sample (N = 178) of the 408 unique local NPR stations to determine if greater reliance on market-based funding sources is associated with a shift away from the mission of public radio in terms of its programming. The analysis suggested that rural public stations offer more overall diversity of programming, and specifically are more likely to offer minority-oriented programming, thus suggesting that rural stations have not become as commercialized as their urban counterparts.

Abstract: Many of the radio stations involved in the HBCU (Historically Black College and Universities) Radio Preservation Project date back more than a half-century and even predate the digital explosion. The rise of the Internet and social media platforms such as Facebook, Twitter, Instagram and TikTok, as well as mobile streaming and podcasting, have been game changers in the audio world of the 21st century, but there is little research about how digital/social media tools have impacted community engagement at HBCU radio stations. This study seeks to explore how HBCU radio stations are contributing to and empowering communities. What are some examples of successful efforts in urban and rural locations in 2023 and 2024? Our findings suggest that most of the stations have a web streaming presence, but results are mixed in how they build social media audiences, and there’s little mention of podcasts on the stations in the study. Most of the stations operate on non-commercial frequencies with small staffs and integrate hands-on work experiences for students. Nearly half of the stations have some affiliation with National Public Radio. Each has some community engagement initiatives that often focus on festivals, food giveaways or healthcare issues.

This award recognizes people who have advanced psychology as a science and/or profession by a single extraordinary achievement or a lifetime of outstanding contributions in the public interest. "Kathryn J. Holland has made distinctive and significant contributions to the psychological science of sexual violence. For example, she has published numerous studies of formal supports for sexual harassment and assault survivors on college campuses. Her work offers insight into survivors' experiences with campus resources and reporting options, offering concrete recommendations for improving formal support systems. Dr. Holland has also published multiple pieces on university mandatory reporting policies for sexual violence, including an award-winning article and invited commentary in American Psychologist. She does not stop with publishing, however: Holland is a public scholar who disseminates psychological science through venues such as National Public Radio and The Conversation, making sexual violence scholarship accessible beyond the walls of the academy. Holland also makes important contributions in translating her work into social action, for example, serving on the advisory group for the American Psychological Association Resolution on Campus Sexual Assault and on the advisory committee for the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Action Collaborative on Preventing Sexual Harassment in Higher Education. In all of this pioneering work, Holland advances science while promoting social justice for survivors of sexual harassment and assault. Her academic and activist records are, in a word, stunning." (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

A group of more than 40 states sued Meta last month, accusing the social media giant of designing products that are deliberately addictive and fuel the youth mental health crisis, National Public Radio reported on Oct. 24. The legal actions allege that Meta has deceived the public about the harms of Facebook and Instagram, which the states' attorneys general said “exploit and manipulate” children. Other attorneys general, including those representing Tennessee and Washington, D.C., filed similar legal actions on Oct. 24 in state courts. Collectively, more than 40 states painted a picture of a company that brushed aside safety concerns about its products in order to addict as many young people as possible as a way of juicing its profits. The authorities said Meta's “dopamine‐manipulating” features have poisoned an entire generation's mental health, citing a recommendation algorithm that determines what people see when they log onto Instagram and Facebook, the ability to “like” posts and to scroll without limits. The lawsuits are seeking to have Meta's design features considered unlawful under state consumer protection laws that trigger hefty financial penalties.

This study provides empirical support for undertheorized phenomena in contemporary digital news reporting—the foregrounding of joy-based news values and the presentation of affective, immanent atmospheres—as they manifest in U.S. National Public Radio correspondent Tim Mak’s daily Twitter threads from the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine. Multimodal textual analysis of 647 tweets over 31 threads shows how affordances of newer media platforms facilitate a shift toward affective, immanent, and engaged journalism that blends traditional news style and judgment seamlessly with personal observations, contextual curation, stream-of-consciousness detail selection, and audience interaction to produce a kind of hybrid journalism that might foreshadow a transformation not just in reporters’ interaction with audiences, but also in an undertheorized reorientation to news itself.

Approximately one-third of the more than 1 100 000 confirmed COVID-19-related deaths as of January 18, 2023, were considered preventable if public health recommendations had been followed. Physicians' propagation of misinformation about COVID-19 on social media and other internet-based platforms has raised professional, public health, and ethical concerns. To characterize (1) the types of COVID-19 misinformation propagated by US physicians after vaccines became available, (2) the online platforms used, and (3) the characteristics of the physicians spreading misinformation. Using US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 infection during the study window to define misinformation, structured searches of high-use social media platforms (Twitter, Facebook, Instagram, Parler, and YouTube) and news sources (The New York Times, National Public Radio) were conducted to identify COVID-19 misinformation communicated by US-based physicians between January 2021 and December 2022. Physicians' state of licensure and medical specialty were identified. The number of followers for each physician on 4 major platforms was extracted to estimate reach and qualitative content analysis of the messages was performed. Outcome measures included categories of COVID-19 misinformation propagated, the number and traits of physicians engaged in misinformation propagation, and the type of online media channels used to propagate misinformation and potential reach. The propagation of COVID-19 misinformation was attributed to 52 physicians in 28 different specialties across all regions of the country. General misinformation categories included vaccines, medication, masks, and other (ie, conspiracy theories). Forty-two physicians (80.8%) posted vaccine misinformation, 40 (76.9%) propagated information in more than 1 category, and 20 (38.5%) posted misinformation on 5 or more platforms. Major themes identified included (1) disputing vaccine safety and effectiveness, (2) promoting medical treatments lacking scientific evidence and/or US Food and Drug Administration approval, (3) disputing mask-wearing effectiveness, and (4) other (unsubstantiated claims, eg, virus origin, government lies, and other conspiracy theories). In this mixed-methods study of US physician propagation of COVID-19 misinformation on social media, results suggest widespread, inaccurate, and potentially harmful assertions made by physicians across the country who represented a range of subspecialties. Further research is needed to assess the extent of the potential harms associated with physician propagation of misinformation, the motivations for these behaviors, and potential legal and professional recourse to improve accountability for misinformation propagation.

Netflix has released a new series, called Painkiller, which professes to detail the guilt of the Sackler family going back to the 1950s, when Purdue Pharma, along with nearly all other pharmaceutical companies, learned that the best way to sell medications to physicians was to sell them directly to physicians. Complete with dramatic music and commentary by people who have lost loved ones to the opioid epidemic —which the series blames on Purdue, OxyContin and the Sacklers — the series sounds like a documentary with an agenda. Judy Berman of Time magazine wrote this in her Aug. 10 review: “Based on Keefe's New Yorker exposé, “The Family That Built an Empire of Pain,” and the book Pain Killer by Barry Meier, Painkiller presents a prismatic view of the devastation wrought by OxyContin over the past quarter‐century.” But Berman added that these accounts, as well as many others she names, are much more enlightening. “Neither as moving nor as informative as any of the above nonfiction accounts, Painkiller is a flawed vehicle for a vital message about lethal corporate malfeasance in health care and our government's failure to protect us from it. The best it can do is entice us to seek out better information.” We heard the producer on National Public Radio last week gloating that he expected Richard Sackler to be much more hurt by his name being removed from the museums and concert halls he donated money to than by the $8 billion he paid to avoid any future civil lawsuits — a deal that has yet to be sealed by the courts. If you want to see Painkiller, go to https://www.netflix.com/title/81095069.

ABSTRACT As “the first draft of history,” journalism is an essential agent of memory work. Although the relationship between the fields of memory studies and journalism studies has historically been underdeveloped, scholars in both disciplines have established productive and necessary connections between the two. One such connection is the area of anniversary journalism, or current news coverage of anniversaries of past events. Anniversary journalism is also a means by which journalism commemorates itself, particularly through the celebration of institutional anniversaries, and an opportunity for journalism organizations to summarize the past. Using a corpus of nearly 80 articles reflecting on the 50th anniversary of National Public Radio (NPR), the present study employs thematic analysis to examine how NPR engaged with its organizational past and American collective memory more broadly. This study identifies four themes throughout the network’s commemorative coverage: the archive, nostalgia, democracy, and the public. I argue that the series should be understood as an organizational branding initiative that uses collective memory and anniversary journalism as a response to larger transformative change in the journalism industry, and thus, as a strategy to assert the continued cultural relevance of public service media.

Beyond Busulfan: Building a Better Conditioner for Bone Marrow Transplantation

A Closer Look at Hearing Loss, Dementia, and Stigma

Four Maryland universities will receive more than $2.5 million in federal funding to beef up the number of mental health professionals available to schools, National Public Radio reported on May 16. The University of Maryland, Baltimore; Johns Hopkins University; Bowie State University and Loyola University Maryland each will receive federal grants from the U.S. Education Department ranging from $377,000 for Loyola to $825,000 for UMD‐Baltimore. The funds stem from the Bipartisan Safer Communities Act, legislation signed into law nearly a year ago. The five‐year program gives out funds to tackle mental health crises in schools and has already awarded $286 million across 48 states and territories. “Disruption in schools due to COVID‐19, economic anxiety, job losses, and learning challenges have exacer‐bated pre‐existing mental health challenges,” said House Appropriations Committee Ranking Member Rosa DeLauro (D‐Conn.). “Our youth need help, and this is a burden that teachers, administrators, and parents cannot alleviate on their own. These grants will expand the program's reach, helping to move us closer to my goal of ensuring every child goes to a school that has a qualified mental health professional on staff.”

Why am I so successful? Self-presentation and deliberative attributions of success in entrepreneurship

“Pantoum for a Veteran of the Great War” is a poem (a pantoum) crafted from quotes from First World War British servicemen taken from interviews housed in the Imperial War Museum archives and used in the 2018 documentary film, “They Shall Not Grow Old,” directed and produced by Peter Jackson. The pantoum also draws on content from a November 11, 2018 National Public Radio broadcast on the hundredth anniversary of the Armistice of November 11, 1918, which featured a recording of Fenton Caldwell, a World War 1 U.S pilot, describing what the Armistice meant to him. “I Never Talked About it After the War” is a villanelle about the author’s uncle, a Korean War veteran whose POW status and valor as a U.S. Army sergeant in U.N. Special Forces during the war were unknown until after he died.

We thank the authors for their thoughtful comments on the present and future use of artificial intelligence in surgery.1 As they creatively demonstrated in their letter written by Open AI GPT-3 chatbot (ChatGPT), some AI technology performance has become very difficult to distinguish from human performance. It has even been reported that ChatGPT could likely pass the United States Medical Licensing Exam and the Bar Exam.2 The rapid rise of ChatGPT use has led to debates and uncertainty in numerous fields. For example, some educators are concerned that it will facilitate cheating. Others have embraced it. In an interview with National Public Radio, Dr. Ethan Mollick, Associate Professor of Management at the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania, stated that he not only allowed, but even required his students to use ChatGPT to facilitate ideas for class projects. He noted that use of AI is analogous to using a calculator to do math.3 “I think everybody is cheating…So what I’m asking students to do is just be honest with me.” Although the direct applications of ChatGPT to surgical care may be limited in the sense that it cannot perform operations, the impact that ChatGPT and similar technology will have on academic publishing is unknown. Will journals and publishers prohibit ChatGPT from being used? Will they use technology, some of which has already been developed, to identify and “root out” ChatGPT text?4 Conversely, will they take Dr. Mollick’s approach and welcome ChatGPT use and require disclosure? Cheating and plagiarism have always been challenges in academia and publishing. ChatGPT raises new questions about the process and traditional approach to applied intellect. With new technology that can generate high level, authentic appearing writing, publishers and journal editors will need to develop new strategies and standards for what is considered original or novel content. Of note, ChatGPT was not used to write this.

Reviewed by: Red Barber: The Life and Legacy of a Broadcasting Legend by Judith R. Hiltner and James R. Walker Alan L. Griggs Judith R. Hiltner and James R. Walker. Red Barber: The Life and Legacy of a Broadcasting Legend. Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska Press, 2022. 496 pp. Cloth, $36.95. One can wonder, dear reader, why the world needs a 440- page tome about an obscure sports announcer; obscure to many, perhaps, but to those of us who know Walter Lanier Barber as “Red,” the need for such a thorough examination of his life should come as no surprise. Barber’s professional career, indeed his life, reads like something from the march of history. Born in the segregated south, he fell in line with the societal norms of Mississippi and Florida before gradually, thankfully, changing his outlook toward those with a different color of skin. Perhaps it is fitting that Red Barber is the man who handled the play- by- play radio call of the most momentous game in Major League Baseball history— the day Jackie Robinson broke the color barrier for the Brooklyn Dodgers, April 15, 1947. [End Page 132] It is here that Judith Hiltner and James Walker shine, not only as exceptional writers and researchers but as explorers of Barber’s inner personality, one that always held true to the guidance given him by baseball commissioner Judge Kenesaw Mountain Landis: to report, not to editorialize, not to manage, “just report.” It is simple but profound advice for anyone whose voice holds sway over thousands, perhaps millions, of people at any given time, a situation Barber found himself in as his career blossomed. What a career it was, a life of describing on- the-field action from Cincinnati to Brooklyn to New York interspersed with college football games, newspaper columns, four books, and a notable finale as colorful commentator for National Public Radio. Along the way, Barber was an eyewitness to not only the integration of baseball but the first game under the lights, May 24, 1935, when the Reds played the Phillies. He called the first no-hitter of Johnny Vander Meer’s two consecutive no- hitters, interviewed players from the dugout using a crude portable shortwave radio transmitter, broadcast road games for the first time, was an early proponent of educating women about baseball and bringing them to the games, called the first major league televised game, and was at the microphone when the Yankees’ Roger Maris hit number sixty- one. Red Barber’s trademark smooth Southern dialect was a source of comfort for fans even when their favorite team was on the losing end. Even more distinctive were the “barbarisms” he sprinkled throughout the game, particularly colorful, if unique, descriptions of the action. A lopsided run margin might mean the good guys had the game “tied up in a croaker sack.” A pitcher with a particularly sharp breaking ball threw “a jug- handle curve.” If a ball was tough to hold it might be “slick as okra,” and a team or individual with a decided advantage would be in “the catbird seat.” Modern-day announcers have their distinctive styles and verbiage, but it is safe to say none approached the colorful colloquialisms of Barber, especially since they were from the heart and not simply manufactured for effect. Perhaps the high point of Red Barber’s career was the time he spent in Brooklyn broadcasting Dodger games. From 1939 to 1953 the “Barber of Flat-bush” painted an electronic picture of the diamond action, in the process creating an art form that had no peer during his time or perhaps at any other time, for that matter. As the authors note, Barber could “transform Brooklyn into everyone’s hometown and Ebbets Field into everyone’s backyard” (168). He was the most admired sportscaster in the business, using his talents to become a household name through game action, commercials, active participation in civic affairs, and the transition from radio to television. Yes, it must [End Page 133] be noted that after Brooklyn Barber announced Yankees games for several years, but let’s leave it at that. There wasn’t a happy ending. Hiltner and Walker...