National Policy Makers Research Articles

Dismantling labour markets from above: the case of wage policy in the European Union

Abstract Are countries reforming their labour market constrained by external political or financial institutions? This article analyses the supranational pressures impacting wage policy in European member states. Theoretically, it takes inspiration from the literature on international financial markets to analyse the key phases of a nascent multi-level policy cycle, where the European Commission plays a pivotal role. Empirically, it distinguishes between wage policy prescriptions (CSR database, 2011–2019, complemented with EUR-Lex) and reform events (LabRef database, 2008–2019) granting more or less protection to workers. Methodologically, it employs mixed regression models with country and year random intercepts finding out that: (a) the Commission, when recommending wage policy, unambiguously prefers reforms reducing workers’ protection, thus displaying preferences aligned with those of international financial institutions; (b) through external conditionality, the pressures stemming from such biased approach exert a tangible impact on national policymaking, ultimately resulting in weakened labour market institutions and reduced well-being of workers.

Diversity-responsive teacher educators in Flanders

ABSTRACT Higher education-based teacher educators are a unique group of practitioners: not only what they teach, but also how they teach is of instructional significance to students who want to become teachers themselves. Nonetheless, they are often overlooked in the research on inclusion, equity and social justice in education. This explorative study expands the knowledge base on teacher educators’ contribution to education that genuinely serves all students, here referred to as diversity-responsive education. Specifically, semi-structured interviews (n = 14) were conducted to pursue three objectives: (1) understanding perceptions of the concepts of diversity and approaching diversity; (2) mapping individual teacher educators’ practices to approach diversity; and (3) uncovering personal and contextual determinants for the implementation of diversity-responsive practices by teacher educators. Alongside its theoretical contribution, this study offers practical inspiration for practitioners, and both national and institutional policymakers operating in different regional contexts, guiding context-tailored professional development initiatives.

How has the external quality assessment/proficiency testing of semen analysis been developed in the past 34 years: a review.

Male infertility has become an important issue of global concern. Semen analysis is the cornerstone of male fertility assessment. External quality assessment (EQA) of sperm concentration, motility, and morphology is widely recognized in the world. However, over the past 34 years, the implementation of EQA for semen analysis has varied across different countries, and there is no global consensus. The goal of this paper is to first explore the overall development of EQA during this period. Secondly, it aims to discuss the extent of difference of participating laboratories in different countries. Finally, the paper examines the differences in EQA programs developed by various EQA providers in order to seek a global standard. In total, 29 papers met the inclusion criteria and were included in this review. There is inconsistent in the implementation of EQA across different countries, and there is no global consensus. Policies for EQA of semen analysis vary from country to country. Some countries mandate laboratory participation, while others permit voluntary involvement. Different EQA organizers choose different ways to calculate assigned value and acceptance limits. The coefficient of variation (CV) for each EQA item was large. The CVs of concentration, motility, morphology, and viability were 12.7-138.0 %, 17.0-127.0 %, 7-375 %, and 6-41.1 %, respectively. The results of the semen analysis varied considerably among the participating laboratories. The collaborative efforts of national policymakers, EQA organizers, and all participating laboratories are essential to improving the current situation.

Instrument constituencies and the brokering of OECD-knowledge in Nordic school reforms - a three country comparison

ABSTRACT Major international surveys and reports have considerably altered the expectations and outlooks of national policymakers in education over the last three decades. Through a comparative content analysis of bibliographies in policy documents, this article explores the intermediary bodies that facilitate salient interconnections between international organizations such as the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) and national policymakers and experts who prepare comprehensive school reforms in three Nordic countries: Denmark, Norway and Sweden. This article builds on a large Nordic research project that studied the transfer and translation of international policies in a Nordic reform context. It extends the study by examining the role of publishers as intermediary policy brokers that legitimize the usage of OECD knowledge as significant members of instrument constituencies. This study enhances our understanding of the variations in citation patterns across policy documents from three Nordic countries. It also investigates the extent to which differences in instrumental constituencies arise from institutional arrangements and the ideational foundations underpinning reform trajectories. Additionally, it examines the topics addressed by these reforms and the governments’ affiliations with new policy brokers supported by both public and private publishers.

NHS action on social and economic development in England: Vague national policy expectations

Under recent reforms to the National Health Service (NHS) in England, NHS organizations have been given new objectives to contribute to social and economic development. Health systems in other high-income countries are pursuing related approaches. This paper analyses national policy documents to understand the framing of the NHS's new policy priorities on social and economic development. We focus on the role of NHS integrated care systems—area-based planning bodies responsible for managing NHS resources and coordinating local services. National policy is vague about what social and economic development means in practice. There is limited guidance on which approaches local organizations should prioritize, and which organisations are responsible for implementation. Greater clarity from national policymakers and an overarching framework to guide local action is needed to reduce the risk of inaction, poorly targeted interventions, and missed opportunities for learning and evaluation. Policymakers and health system leaders also need to be realistic about the limits of local action given the importance of national public policy choices in shaping the social determinants of health. Coordinated policy action and investment across government is needed to address underlying social and economic conditions.

The Factors Influencing Consumer Behaviour in the Purchase of Green Products in Windhoek, Khomas Region of Namibia

It is a global concern that environmental sustainability is in danger. Climate conditions in most parts of the world cannot sustain agriculture and livestock, while water and energy shortages remains a huge challenge. While enjoying products and services offered in the market, consumers should protect their environment and maintain a healthy life style by purchasing green products which are environmental friendly. Prospective green consumer’s expression of interest in green products is not converted into actual purchase. The objective of this study is to examine the factors that influence consumer behavior in the purchase of green products. The study adopted mixed methods and a sample of 120 respondents was considered. SPSS was used for analysis. Qualitative data was analyzed using thematic analysis. Statistical significant association was found between the purchases of green products with the eight main predictors which are; Environmental attitudes, perceived effectiveness of environmental problems, perceived environmental responsibility, green products labelling, green product features, green product certification, environmental benefits of green products, governments concern about the environment. The study found a negative association between purchase of green products and consumers knowledge about environmental benefits. By gathering this information, marketers would be able to understand the factors which influence consumers in the purchase of green products. They would also be able to formulate various strategies to effectively attract more green consumers to purchase green products as part solution for environmental protection. The legislators, national policy makers and environmental activists could utilize this information to promote a positive green consumerism.

Predicting the intention to install solar photovoltaic panels in emerging market: The role of consumer innovativeness, knowledge, and support for government incentives

Promoting the installation of solar photovoltaic panels at the residential level in Vietnam may effectively mitigate the electricity overload on the national grid and support the country’s sustainable objectives. However, the installation rates of this system in urban areas in Vietnam remains low despite the favorable atmosphere and the provision of several incentives. Based on the Diffusion of Innovation and Theory of Planned Behavior, this study explores the role of consumer innovativeness, knowledge, and support for government incentives on the diffusion and social acceptance of solar photovoltaic panels. A questionnaire survey was conducted to collect data for analysis. With a sample of 339 citizens in Vietnam, the partial least squares structural equation modeling approach was employed to evaluate the results. The findings revealed that consumer innovativeness was linked to social norms and knowledge. Furthermore, it was discovered that the knowledge of consumers can significantly enhance the support for government incentives and the intention to install solar photovoltaic panels. Additionally, social norms significantly influenced attitudes, ultimately resulting in an increase in the intention to install. The findings of this study could aid the nation's policymakers and institutions in formulating strategies to grow the solar energy sector, therefore facilitating the achievement of sustainable energy goals.

9.X.1. Protecting the mental health of healthcare workers: evidence, policy and implementation challenges

Abstract Background There is growing evidence that highlights increasing stress levels and declining mental health among the global healthcare workforce, exacerbated by challenges within workplace environments, labour market and policy frameworks. These conditions place additional strain on an already vulnerable healthcare workforce and consequently threaten the stability of health systems as a whole, given the escalating challenges in retaining, recruiting and reactivating healthcare workers. Although the problems are evident, awareness is increasing and international organisations such as the WHO have advanced policy recommendations, comprehensive and context-specific interventions effectively addressing these problems at varying levels are missing. Objectives This innovative workshop offers a platform for bridging the gap between research evidence and policy interventions, stimulating policy learning and knowledge exchange across countries. The session provides an overview of existing knowledge and engages representatives of academia as well as national policymaking, and international organisations to critically discuss challenges as well as good practice experiences with a focus on implementation and problem-solving. The following major questions will be explored: What evidence is available regarding the mental health and wellbeing needs of the healthcare workforce? How are different countries responding to these needs and supporting healthcare workers more effectively? What are some best practice cases focusing on improving mental health support for healthcare workers across various groups, considering diverse needs, gender-inclusiveness, and minority groups? Finally, how can evidence-based policymaking be improved, and how can the implementation of these policies be advanced in a more effective manner? Thesession will encourage critical debate and identify major policy recommendations, focusing on governance and implementation strategies. In the second half of the session, the panel will engage the audience in an interactive discussion to explore novel solutions that prioritise the wellbeing of healthcare workers and effectively address the healthcare workforce crisis in a more person-centred and ‘humanised’ manner. The workshop supports cross-country learning and networking opportunities. Key messages • Mental health and wellbeing of the healthcare workforce is crucial for health system resilience and needs stronger advocacy for coordinated multi-level governance action. • Establish a health system and governance approach together with comprehensive monitoring and qualitative comparative workforce studies to identify transformational policies in contextual settings.

An Irish public health policy research team: impact and lessons learned, one year on

Abstract Issue In 2023, in Ireland, a public health policy research team was established in the Health Information and Quality Authority to conduct evidence syntheses and provide evidence-based advice to inform national decision-making, at the request of the Department of Health. One year on, we reflect on the impact of this team and outline lessons learned. These findings may support other countries in creating and developing public health policy research teams. Description of the problem We aim to answer the following questions: What impact can a public health policy research team have and what are the lessons learned, one year on? Projects completed by the team in 2023 were reviewed for stakeholder engagement (such as expert and public and patient involvement) and impact (feedback from policymakers, resulting public health actions or policies and online report downloads). Results Seven public health projects were completed in 2023, in areas including: Long COVID, public health reform, rapid multiplex testing, and medical countermeasure stockpiling. National and international stakeholders were engaged with via expert advisory group membership, document review and project presentations. Patient representatives were included from Long COVID Advocacy Ireland and Rare Diseases Ireland. Project reports were downloaded a total of 281 times. Positive feedback was received from all stakeholders. Project findings were presented to policymakers to inform national public health and rare disease strategy development, and the Long COVID model of care in Ireland. Lessons Early and ongoing stakeholder engagement is key when translating research to practice, via policy. Innovative methods of engagement, including public and patient involvement, can ensure meaningful collaboration. Adapting methodologies to meet stakeholder needs, such as rapid evidence synthesis, enhances impact. Lastly, research impact on policy takes time, and an understanding of national policy development is required. Key messages • A public health policy research team provides impactful evidence synthesis to advise national policymakers. • Stakeholder engagement is key to developing impactful policy advice.

The OECD’s construction of future imaginaries for curriculum reform

ABSTRACT Offering imaginaries of the future is a significant part of the work of documents produced by national policymakers, interest groups and international organisations. In this article, we examine thematic reports on the redesign of the curriculum published by the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) as part of its Education 2030 project. Our analysis is grounded in the understanding that documents transform issues through storytelling, data and visualisations. We show how thematic reports context a complex and unpredictable future by forecasting different futures based on current issues that need solutions. The storytelling that contexts the imaginaries of futures gains authority through datafication of national curricula enabled by Curriculum Content Mapping. The Curriculum Content Mapping reveals a lack of alignment with the OECD’s Learning Compass for 2030 transforming the issue of a complex future into an issue of curriculum as an instrument to potentialise the future. Hence, datafication of curriculum content serves as an instrument of governance towards specific curriculum transformations based on the OECD’s education politics towards economic growth rather than informing about future needs.

Small localities, large conflicts: radical right parties and the politics of integration policymaking in two European medium-sized towns

ABSTRACT Integration policies emerged as a critical focus of local policymaking in smaller towns, driven not only by migration trends in these areas, but also by the growing political influence of local radical right parties (RRPs). This trend occurred across various European countries, including Belgium and Italy, raising new questions about the impact on policy formation of locally embedded RRPs and the social and political polarisation dynamics which foster their growth. Despite growing scholarly attention to the role of local actors in shaping integration policies, these dynamics have mostly been studied in large cities. Therefore, this article aims to explore the effects of RRPs’ rise on integration policies in Ninove (Belgium) and Fermo (Italy), two diversifying and deindustrialising medium-sized towns governed by liberal coalitions, but with a strong opposition presence of RRPs. Adopting a comparative perspective, it utilises document analysis of national and local integration policymaking, complemented by 34 interviews with local actors. The results show that RRPs shape local agenda setting and local governing parties respond by creating policy ambiguity around policies targeting migrants. Specifically, they invest in policies that aim to support integration, but make sustained attempts to disguise that migrants are the target population for these policies.

Application of Non-Parametric and Forecasting Models for the Sustainable Development of Energy Resources in Brazil

To achieve Sustainable Development Goal 7 (SDG7) and improve energy management efficiency, it is essential to develop models and methods to forecast and enhance the process accurately. These tools are crucial in shaping the national policymakers’ strategies and planning decisions. This study utilizes data envelopment analysis (DEA) and bootstrap computational methods to evaluate Brazil’s energy efficiency from 2004 to 2023. Additionally, it compares seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average (SARIMA) models and autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) forecasting models to predict the variables’ trends for 2030. One significant contribution of this study is the development of a methodology to assess Brazil’s energy efficiency, considering environmental and economic factors to formulate results. These results can help create policies to make SDG7 a reality and advance Brazil’s energy strategies. According to the study results, the annual energy consumption rate is projected to increase by an average of 2.1% by 2030, which is accompanied by a trend of GDP growth. By utilizing existing technologies in the country, it is possible to reduce electricity consumption costs by an average of 30.58% while still maintaining the same GDP value. This demonstrates that sustainable development and adopting alternatives to minimize the increase in energy consumption can substantially impact Brazil’s energy sector, improving process efficiency and the profitability of the Brazilian industry.

University Actors Responding to the National Quality Assurance Regime for Higher Education in Malawi: A Case of Instrumentality, Pragmatism and Symbolic Compliance

ABSTRACTThe literature shows that the question of how to integrate quality assurance into higher education institutions is associated with several obstacles including non‐support from university actors. This study explored the university actors' response to the recently implemented external quality assurance and accreditation regime for higher education in Malawi. The findings showed that university actors respond to external quality assurance in divergent ways, mainly characterised by formal instrumentality, professional pragmatism and symbolic compliance. This meant that it would be naïve for external quality assurance agencies to assume that when university actors participate in external accreditation processes, it means that they embrace external quality assurance as a mechanism for enhancing quality. The implication was that national policy makers and quality assurance agencies should not consider university actors as ‘passive recipients’ that mutely accept quality assurance reforms, but rather seriously attend to them as both ‘makers’ and ‘shapers’ of policy in order to develop quality assurance systems that can be genuinely embraced. The study contributes to research that take a critical perspective in interpreting university personnel response to quality assurance.

Estimating the burden of diseases attributed to PM2.5 using the AirQ + software in Mashhad during 2016–2021

The study used the AirQ + software developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) to evaluate the health impacts associated with long-term exposure to PM2.5 in Mashhad, Iran. For this purpose, we analyzed the daily average concentrations of PM2.5 (with a diameter of 2.5 micrometers or less) registered by the air quality monitoring stations from 2016 to 2021. The levels of PM2.5 surpassed the Air Quality Guidelines (AQG) limit value of 5 µg/m3 (annual value) established by WHO. The findings revealed that the burden of mortality (from all-natural causes) at people above 30 years old associated with PM2.5 exposures was 2093 [95% confidence interval [CI]: 1627–2314] deaths in 2016 and 2750 [95% CI: 2139–3038] deaths in 2021. In general, the attributable mortality from specific causes of deaths (e.g., COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases), IHD (ischemic heart diseases) and stroke) in people above 25 years old increased between the years, but the mortality from lung cancer was stable at 46 [95% CI: 33–59] deaths in 2016 and 48 [95% CI: 34–61] deaths in 2021. The attributable mortality from ALRI (Acute Lower Respiratory Infection) in children below 5 years old increased between the years. We also found differences in mortality cases from IHD and stroke among the age groups and between the years 2016 and 2021. It was concluded that burden of disease methodologies are suitable tools for regional and national policymakers, who must take decisions to prevent and to control air pollution and to analyze the cost-effectiveness of interventions.

Conclusion: sustainability, smart tourism destinations and evolving visitor preferences

PurposeThe primary aim of this themed issue is to highlight the incorporation of sustainability principles in the progress of tourism and the monitoring of tourists' evolving preferences, all within the sustainability framework and smart tourism destinations. The strategic question underlying this theme issue is how can we interpret, relate and monitor the rapidly evolving visitor preferences within sustainability and smart tourism destinations?Design/methodology/approachThis issue’s critical outcomes as they relate to the strategic question are reviewed, with reference to the contributions made to knowledge, policy and practice and the implications for future applied research concerning sustainability, smart tourism destinations and evolving visitor preferences.FindingsArising from the analysis and synthesis of recommendations, the following themes were proposed as critical concentration points for rapidly evolving visitor preferences within sustainability and smart tourism destinations: as in all areas of life, sustainability will continue to be a prominent concept in the tourism sector. Smart solutions and the use of technology have also been identified as determining factors in creating sustainable destinations. On the other hand, changing and evolving tourist preferences are emerging as a driving force for smart destinations and sustainability. Tourism destinations must take steps toward sustainability by considering the changing visitor structure, evolving demands and needs. Some articles in this special issue also analyze tourist demands and sustainability efforts of destinations in specific destinations and provide invaluable insights.Originality/valueAs it is essential for all stakeholders of the tourism industry to achieve competitiveness while securing sustainability, this particular article suggests ways for the industry as a whole, its players, destination administrations, local and national policymakers and other major stakeholders of the tourism industry to address some issues faced by the industry. Factors such as changing customer structure, use of technology and increasing environmental awareness make it necessary for destination management and all players individually to take vital measures. This paper and the collection of articles in this thematic issue offer crucial insights for academics, professionals and decision-makers in creating a complete framework to assess, connect and regularly track changing visitor preferences. The papers include recommendations for creating robust tourism locations that effectively tackle challenges, promote inclusion and prepare for future advancements. This is achieved by examining the convergence of sustainability, smart tourism and changing tourist tastes.

Life satisfaction, perceived social support of mothers of children with cerebral palsy, and motor function of their children

Cerebral palsy (CP) is a leading cause of long-term disability in children worldwide where severe cases may require complete dependence on caregivers for mobility, self-care, and social participation. The demand for caregiving may negatively impact the level of life satisfaction of the caregivers, especially the mothers. This study was thus carried out to evaluate the level of life satisfaction of mothers of children with CP, its association with perceived social support, and the motor function of their children.MethodThe study involved 58 mothers of children with CP and their children. The level of life satisfaction, perceived social support, and socioeconomic status of the mothers were assessed using the satisfaction with life scale, the multidimensional scale of perceived social support, and the modified Kuppuswamy Socioeconomic Scale, respectively. The motor function of the children with CP was assessed using the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS).ResultAbout 38% of the mothers of children with cerebral palsy were fully satisfied with their lives. There was no significant association among the level of life satisfaction, perceived social support of mothers of children with CP, and the motor function of their children.ConclusionSix out of ten mothers of children with cerebral palsy are somewhat dissatisfied with life. It was recommended that measures to relieve factors leading to dissatisfaction with life should be put in place by national health policymakers.

Involvement in serious incident investigations: a qualitative documentary analysis of NHS trust policies in England

BackgroundThe considered shift from individual blame and sanctions towards a commitment to system-wide learning from incidents in healthcare has led to increased understanding of both the moral and epistemic importance of involving those affected. It is important to understand whether and how local policy describes and prompts involvement with a view to understanding the policy landscape for serious incident investigations in healthcare.This study aimed to explore the way in which involvement of those affected by serious incidents is represented in incident investigation policy documents across acute and mental health services in the English NHS, and to identify guidance for more effective construction of policy for meaningful involvement.MethodsWe conducted a documentary analysis of 43 local serious incident investigation policies to explore the way in which involvement in serious incident investigations is represented in policy documents across acute and mental health services in the NHS in England.ResultsThree headline findings were generated. First, we identified involvement as a concept was conspicuous by its absence in policy documents. Direct reference to support or involvement of those affected by serious incidents was lacking. Even where involvement and support were recognised as important, this was described as a passive process rather than there being moral or epistemic justification for more active contribution to learning. Second, learning from serious incidents was typically described as a high priority but the language used was unclear and ‘learning’ was more often positioned as construction of an arbitrary set of recommendations rather than a participatory process of deconstruction and reconstruction of specific systems and processes. Third, there was an emphasis placed on a just and open culture but paradoxically this was reinforced by expected compliance, positioning investigations as a tool through which action is governed rather than an opportunity to learn from and with the experiences and expertise of those affected.ConclusionsMore effective representation in policy of the moral and epistemic reasons for stakeholder involvement in serious incident investigations may lead to better understanding of its importance, thus increasing potential for organisational learning and reducing the potential for compounded harm. Moreover, understanding how structural elements of policy documents were central to the way in which the document is framed and received is significant for both local and national policy makers to enable more effective construction of healthcare policy documents to prompt meaningful action.

Planning guidance to limit hot food takeaways: Understanding the possible economic impacts

Local and national policymakers are seeking innovative solutions to create healthier food environments around the world. Between 2009 and 2017, 35 local authorities across England (UK) adopted planning guidance designed to limit the proliferation of hot food takeaways near schools. Whilst these policies are intended to improve population health, they are also likely to have economic impacts. Often a decision to introduce such policies comes down to consideration of whether the short-term economic imperatives of allowing new takeaway outlets to open outweighs the potential long-term public health implications and associated economic consequences. These potential negative and positive economic impacts have not previously been clearly described and are summarised here. The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of the potential economic impacts of takeaway management zones. In particular, we present a Causal Loop Diagram (CLD) that outlines the possible economic impacts of takeaway management zones based on researcher knowledge of the interventions and the industry. Potential negative impacts fall across sectors and may include a loss of employment opportunities and reductions in local and national tax receipts, and may impact the economic vitality of local communities. In the longer term, there is the potential for positive impacts such as reductions in healthcare resource utilisation, social care expenditure and sickness-related absence from work. Part of a robust case would a better economic understanding, that would enable local authorities to improve understanding of the trade-offs associated with the policy, such as short-versus long-term, and business-related versus society-related health benefits and costs.

Young people's perspectives on policies to create healthier food environments in England.

Food environments are important determinants of healthy diets among young people. This study explored young people's perspectives on their food environment, their recommendations to policymakers and views on youth engagement in policy processes. There is limited research on young people's perspectives on their involvement in developing food environment policies. Youth engagement in policymaking processes can lead to greater policy integrity and inclusivity. Four focus group discussions were conducted with 39 young people (12-21 years) from a town in North West England and a metropolitan area in the English Midlands. Participants were recruited through youth organizations. Data were analysed using inductive thematic analysis. Young people reported concerns about the density of fast food outlets in their local area, the unaffordability of healthier food, and fast food advertisement. These issues were not believed to be prioritized in local and national policymaking. Accordingly, policy recommendations were mainly for structural food environment policies, including restrictions on fast food outlet density and incentives for menu reformulation. Young people did not feel involved in local decisions about the food environment. They expressed a need for more meaningful engagement beyond consultation. Young people have repeatedly shown to have a deep understanding of the social, commercial and political factors that influence diet and health. It is essential that policymakers aiming to improve young people's diets take their unique views and concerns into account to create effective policies that resonate with young people.

Quantifying energy transition vulnerability helps more just and inclusive decarbonization.

The COP28 agreement signals "beginning of the end" of the fossil fuel era, calling on countries to contribute to global efforts to transition away from fossil fuels in energy systems in a just, orderly and equitable manner. While a quantitative assessment of country's vulnerability in energy transition is a prerequisite for national and international policy makers to ensure a just and inclusive transition, it is notably absent in the existing research. Here, we develop a conceptual framework based on the vulnerability scoping diagram (VSD) method to assess differences in energy transition vulnerability across countries, with a specific focus on the challenges associated with transitioning away from fossil fuels. The resulting energy transition vulnerability index (ETVI) scores reveal that countries in the Global South generally exhibit higher vulnerability in their energy transition compared to those in the Global North, and this gap has widened over the past decade. Moreover, the COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the decade-long trend of continuous decline in global energy transition vulnerability. This study also provides two important applications of ETVI scores, aligning them with major global sustainable development agenda. Firstly, we identify substantial differences in the dynamics of transition vulnerability across seven major party groups in the international climate change negotiations and distinguish four energy transition statuses in relation to achieving global climate goals: Stressful, Leapfrog, Potential Challenges, and Less Painful. Secondly, we demonstrate crucial synergies between energy transition resilience and the 2030 United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).