Nano Fillers Research Articles

Synthesis of a novel superamphiphobic coating with a hierarchical three-dimensional structure inspired by bird's nest

Based on the stability of bird's nest multi scaffold structure, a hierarchical three-dimensional bionic structure (Wax-PFDMS-Pal-TiOx coating) with superamphiphobic (SAP) properties, high stiffness and good stability was designed with carnauba wax as barrier and binder, palygorskite (Pal) as structural framework, TiOx as nano filler and 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-Perfluorodecyltrimethoxysilane (PFDMS) as modifier. In addition, the morphology, structure and chemical composition of the coating were proved by scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FI-TR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and other characterization methods. Studies have demonstrated that the nano-rough structure of Pal and TiOx can form submicron-nano composite hierarchical structure with carnauba wax, and hydrolyze and condense with PFDMS respectively to obtain the three-dimensional structure with high roughness and low surface energy. Under optimal conditions, the contact angles of water and oil on the coating surface are both over 160°. Meanwhile, the results of friction resistance test, salt resistance and pH resistance test show that the coating has excellent mechanical stability. The coating also has excellent self-cleaning property to resist the pollution of particles and mixture of water and oil. The current research is based on natural raw materials and provides a new idea for a stable bionic structure with SAP properties.

Dielectric and AC Breakdown Properties of SiO2/MMT/LDPE Micro–Nano Composites

Low-density polyethylene (LDPE) is an important thermoplastic material which can be made into films, containers, wires, cables, etc. It is highly valued in the fields of packaging, medicine, and health, as well as cables. The method of improving the dielectric property of materials by blending LDPE with inorganic particles as filler has been paid much attention by researchers. In this paper, low-density polyethylene is used as the matrix, and montmorillonite (MMT) particles and silica (SiO2) particles are selected as micro and nano fillers, respectively. In changing the order of adding two kinds of particles, a total of five composite materials were prepared. The crystallization behavior and crystallinity of five kinds of composites were observed, the εr and tanδ changes of each material were investigated with frequency and temperature, and the power frequency (50 Hz) AC breakdown performance of materials were measured. The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) results show that the crystallinity of the composites is higher than that of LDPE. Experimental data of dielectric frequency spectra show that the dielectric constants of micro–nano composites and composites with added MMT particles are lower than LDPE, the dielectric loss of composites can be improved by adding MMT particles. The experimental data of dielectric temperature spectra show that the permittivity of SiO2-MMT/LDPE is still at a low level under the condition of 20~100 °C. In terms of breakdown field strength, the SiO2/LDPE composite material increased by about 17% compared with the matrix LDPE, and the breakdown field strength of the materials SiO2-MMT/LDPE and MMT-SiO2/LDPE increased by about 6.8% and 4.6%, respectively.

Investigation on the impact of nano MgO addition on dielectric properties and space charge behavior of epoxy resin AlN nanocomposites

Epoxy nano composites were fabricated with the incorporation of nano AlN and MgO fillers to investigate their dielectric and space charge properties. Epoxy AlN nanocomposites with the addition of nano MgO have shown lower permittivity with reduced tanδ, good space charge behaviour, during poling period. Higher wt% of AlN in epoxy resin exhibited higher permittivity. The nanocomposites with AlN nanofiller have revealed higher space charge accumulation than on addition of MgO nano filler. Also, the addition of nanofillers to the base polymer has led to enhanced space charge decay performance compared to the base matrix.

Color matching ability of resin composites incorporating supra-nano spherical filler producing structural color

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate the optical properties of supra-nano spherical fillers with different diameters and the color matching ability of resin composites (RC) incorporating these fillers. MethodsTwo types of SiO2–ZrO2 nano fillers with different diameters (150nm and 260nm) were used. The size distribution of each filler was measured and filler morphology was observed. The colors and spectral reflection spectra were measured by a spectral reflectometer. Experimental RCs incorporating ϕ150-nm/ϕ260-nm filler (D150RC/D260RC) were prepared. For the base dentin part, disc specimens (Estelite Astelia: A1B, A2B, A3B, A3.5B, or A4B) were prepared with a cylindrical cavity. Estelite Astelia with NE shade was layered on top as the enamel layer. Disk specimens with different cavity depths were prepared using A3B shade. Experimental RC was used to fill the cavity, and spectral reflection spectrums were obtained and analyzed. Filtek Supreme Ultra (FSU) with A3B shade was used (n=10) as a control. ResultsBoth ϕ150-nm and ϕ260-nm nano fillers showed uniform spherical shape and exhibited no aggregation. The maximum peaks of the spectral reflection spectra of the ϕ150-nm and ϕ260-nm nano fillers were 380nm and 580nm, producing structural colors close to blue and yellow, respectively. The spectral reflection spectrum of FSU had a broad peak at 540nm, and D150RC had a significant peak at 420nm. The D260RC specimen had a broad peak at 680nm. The peaks of D150RC and D260RC significantly decreased in accordance with the shift in base RC shade from A1B to A4B. There was no significant difference in the peak of the reflection spectral spectra among different cavity depths of D260RC. These results suggest that the experimental RC could reflect base RC colors via the matrix resin, and the amount of transmitted light from the base RC was not much different with cavity depth. SignificanceD260RC producing structural color demonstrated a broad spectrum and reduction in brightness and chromatic value by adapting to surrounding restorative materials, suggesting its ability to enhance the chameleon (blending) effects to improve color matching. D260RC showed better color matching ability than resin composite containing uniformly sized ϕ150-nm SiO2–ZrO2 supra-nano spherical filler.

EMI Shielding Properties of Polymer Blend with the Inclusion of Graphene Nano Platelets

Polymer nano composites based on poly vinyl chloride matrix were fabricated using polyaniline (PANI) and graphene nano platelets (GNP) as electrically conductive nano filler for the application of electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding. DC conductivity was first evaluated by using cyclic voltammetry and found an increasing trend of electrical conductivity as PANI and GNP was added in PVC matrix that confirms the formation of electrically conductive network structure. Dielectric properties like dielectric constant, dielectric loss and AC conductivity were evaluated in frequency range of 100 Hz to 3 MHz that gives basic prediction for EMI shielding effectiveness. Vector Network Analyzer (VNA) was used to assess EMI shielding properties using coaxial cable method in 11GHz to 20GHz range and it was found that a maximum of 29 dB shielding was archived with the incorporation of 15 wt% of PANI in PVC. This value increased to 56 dB as 5 wt% GNP added in PVC/PANI 15 wt% blend. Interaction of matrix with filler, nature of filler and dispersion of filler in matrix are the key parameters for achieving high shielding effectiveness.

A Brief Review on Effect of Nano fillers on Performance of Composites

The utilization of nano materials creates a huge impact on today’s scenario in development of various products. One such type of nano material developing concept is the usage of nano fillers for making composite product. This review briefs about the development of various nano fillers and its types followed by the fabrication of various composite combinations along with various nano fillers also discussed in detail. The addition of these nano fillers as a reinforcement or matrix for the composite making creates a significant impact in the mechanical properties of the composites. Special focus is given in such a way that the nano filler dispersion in which way enhances the mechanical properties. Better bonding between the matrix and reinforcement only improves the property how the nano fillers behave in that aspect also discussed in this review. The dispersion of nano fillers in various polymer matrix composites also presented in the review. Tensile, Flexural and Impact property of the composites decides its usage in various structural applications and this review presents briefly how these properties varying with respect to various nano fillers. Further the nano filler performance on the thermal properties as well as its impact in various sectors such as automobile, biomedical, sports, and aerospace applications etc., also presented in this review paper.

WITHDRAWN: Study review on properties of nano fillers in composite materials

Abstract Nano fillers have now taken more important place in fabrication of composite materials. The development of different potential Nano fillers is one of the active domains in Nanotechnology for aerospace applications. Their composition in composite materials improves the technological properties to greater extent. The demand being in continual advances for the properties of the materials resulted in the extensive usage of Nano-fillers in advanced material engineering. The Nano-fillers not only improves the technological properties but also the physical, chemical and optical properties in the material. The aim of the paper is to describe the different types of Nano-fillers like carbon, ceramic, silicon and metal based Nano-fillers and optimize them in the fabrication of composite materials for potential application in aerospace sector. An extensive comparative discussion has been carried out about potentiality of those Nano-fillers which can enhance the properties of mechanical behavior in advanced composite materials.

Evaluation of the Mechanical Characteristics of Hybrid Nanocomposite Materials (TiO2-SiO2- ZrO2)

Hybrid nanocomposite materials have opened the way for more promising applications in the areas of optics, electronics, Ionics, mechanics, energy, environment, biology and medicine. In this work hybrid nanocomposite materials were synthesized, by mechanical stirring method, using SiO2+ZrO2+TiO2 nanoparticles with different percentages (4 wt.% to 10 wt.%), as a reinforcement material. The effect of the added nanoparticles on the mechanical properties was evaluated in terms of tensile strength, impact strength and hardness. The results revealed that the hybrid nanocomposite with 4 wt.% SiO2+ZrO2+TiO2 showed maximum tensile strength, hardness, and impact resistance. Further, the best development in the mechanical properties achieved in the literature, due to the addition of different Nano fillers (TiO2, SiO2, and SiO2 +ZrO2) with different percentages (4 wt.% to 10 wt.%), were compared with the achieved results in the present work. The results showed that the addition of hybrid nanocomposite SiO2+ZrO2+TiO2 provides significant mechanical properties development compared to the other materials addition.

An experimental analysis on the transverse crushing behaviour of Nano-filler reinforced composite cylindrical tubular elements

Thin-walled structures made of nanocomposite materials, could be employed as energy dissipating tubular elements in automobiles owing to its significant characteristics such as lightweight, fracture toughness, enhanced stiffness, and impact energy absorbing ability. The current research work aimed to investigate the transverse deformation behaviour of the hybrid aluminium-nano-filler reinforced glass/basalt fabric polymer composite cylindrical tubes under quasi-static experiments. The progressive crushing behaviour of these tubes were examined from photography. The experimental outcomes revealed that the aluminium-nano-filler reinforced composite tubes buckled displaying an ability of spreading the deformation under transverse compression. The use of multi-walled carbon nano tube fillers reduced the fibre fracturing and ultimately improved the energy absorbing ability of the tubes during crushing process. The nano filler induced tubes with more fabric plies revealed marginally better crashworthiness performance compared to the traditional aluminium-glass/basalt fabric polymer composite tubes.

Investigation on the Effect of Nano Fillers on Tensile Property of Neem Fiber Composite Fabricated by Vacuum Infused Molding Technique

Now a days, natural fiber based polymer composites are having more attention because of it is good mechanical properties and environment friendly. The foremost aim of this investigation attempt is for examine the effect of the nano-filler over the tensile properties of natural based polymer composite.. Just one nano-material is used in most of the research for the production of new composites. In this analysis, the vacuum assisted by infusion molding method uses the neem fiber and two different nano-filler materials for creating new nano infused composites. Neem fiber is chosen as a fiber and LY556 epoxy-resin is selected as polymer materials for the production of reinforced polymer matrix composites of this natural fiber material. Composites of the neem fiber based polymer composites is developed by infused the neem fiber with the nano to examine the tensile property of the neem fiber infused composite and the effect of nano-filler materials. By infusing nan-ofiller materials to build nano based natural fiber polymer composites; the average ultimate tensile strength for the polymer matrix composite is 15.5 percent.

Creep strain and recovery analysis of polypropylene composites filled with graphene nano filler

Creep and Recovery of Polypropylene/Hydrothermally reduced graphene oxide (RGO) composites investigated at different temperatures to evaluate the contribution of RGO on the time-temperature -dependent performance of the polypropylene matrix. It was found that high creep strain was produced in PP nanocomposite at high temperatures. The addition of RGO sheets into PP has increased the creep resistance and recoverable response of nanocomposite significantly at high temperatures.Consequently creep strain rate of PP/RGO nanocomposite at 80 °C was decreased by 24%, 28%, and 22% than pure PP (polypropylene) when 0.2 wt% 0.5 wt% and 0.8 wt% RGO contents were added respectively in PP nanocomposite. SEM analysis displayed the uniform distribution of RGO layers in PP matrix that makes strong layers/matrix interfacial interaction to limit the mobility of polymer chains. Fabrication of two-dimension layers of RGO and nanocomposite was confirmed by XRD and FTIR.

Cole-cole plot of graphene nano filler disseminated glass fiber reinforced polymer composites

Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymers (GFRP) was manufactured by disseminating Multi walled carbon nano tubes (MWCNTs) and Graphene nano fillers separately by suitable weight percentages (2%, 4%, 6%) into epoxy resin with glass Fiber as reinforcement. Nano fillers were thoroughly dispersed with epoxy resin using ultrasonication technique. Dynamic Mechanical Properties such as storage modulus, Loss modulus, Damping Factor (Tan δ) and Glass transition temperature showed considerable increase in these properties through incorporation of Nano fillers till reaching 6% weight compared to Neat GFRP. Cole-Cole Plot was plotted to get to know the effects of Nano filler dispersion with epoxy resin and also for the prediction of phase heterogeneity in the Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites. Results showed Graphene Nano filler opting to be better Nano filler Compared to Multi Walled Carbon Nano Tubes (MWCNTs) as Graphene has a homogeneous dispersion over epoxy resin and also an in-line phase integrity over the region.

Influence of non ionic surfactant on electrical and hydrophobic properties of binary composites of silicone rubber

In this study, effects of a non ionic surfactant, Triton TM -X-100 on various properties of binary composites formulated with nano Alumina and high temperature vulcanised silicone rubber is studied. Triton TM -X-100 was added in varying concentration by weight, in ranges of 0 phr, 0.2 phr, 1 phr and 5 phr. Analysis of properties of dielectric constant and dissipation factor at power frequency showed stark increments in magnitues. Changes to hydrophobic behaviour was analysed by measuring static contact angle variations. A reduction in static contact angle measurement by 36 0 was observed at an addition of 0.2 phr of the surfactant. Spectroscopic analysis using FTIR was also studied. Results indicates to a modification of interaction between nano fillers and base silicone rubber upon addition of Triton TM -X-100. The changes in property values, points to an infirm relation between the nano fillers and base matrix.

Effect of nano fillers on glass/silk fibers based reinforced polymer composites

The need for more eco-friendly and biodegradable materials has resulted in greater advancements in the field of nano-materials and their utilization in polymeric matrix materials as filler materials has been rising day by day in developing sustainable natural fiber reinforced polymeric composite laminates. The striking properties like high aspect ratio and larger surface area of nanocomposites have made them to be used in several engineering and commercial sectors such as biotechnology, packaging, aerospace and automotive, building and construction industries. The hybrid composites that exploit the harmony between natural fibers and synthetic fibers in nano filler based reinforced polymeric composites helps in bettering various mechanical properties as well as assists in sustaining environmental biodegradability to acceptable level. In the research investigation, glass/silk/Ca2SiO4 reinforced hybrid epoxy composites are manufactured via hand lay-up method using standard ASTM methods. The mechanical properties such as tensile, bending and impact strength are being evaluated. The hybrid composites of glass fiber (50 wt%), silk fiber (10, 9, 8 & 7 wt%), Ca2SiO4 nano filler (with 0, 1, 2 & 3 wt%) reinforced with epoxy (40 wt%) are scrutinized and results reveal that the composite laminates with 3 wt% Ca2SiO4 show better tensile, flexural and impact strength properties.

Optical characterization of different oxide nanomaterials dispersed PVA/PEO blend matrix-based hybrid polymer nanocomposites for advances in optoelectronic device technologies

Optical properties of different oxide nanomaterials (viz. zinc oxide (ZnO), tin oxide (SnO2), silica (SiO2), and alumina (Al2O3)) as nanofillers (NFs) and a host polymer matrix of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) blend based hybrid polymer nanocomposites (HPNCs) have been investigated by employing ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy. The UV-Vis absorbance spectra over the photons wavelength range 200-800 nm, and the absorption coefficient, energy bandgap, and Urbach energy of the PVA/PEO/NFs HPNC films are determined and reported. The dependence of the optical characteristics of these HPNCs on the type of oxide nanofillers and their concentration have been studied which is found correlated with the optical properties of the nanofillers. Considering the results, suitability of PVA/PEO/NFs materials as potential candidates for UV-shielder, light diffuser, bandgap tuner, and photo-sensor/detector in the design and evolution of various flexible-type optoelectronic devices/components have been discussed.

Study on mechanical properties of epoxy based Kenaf/Banana/Glass fiber hybrid nano composites

The composite materials usually contribute excellent, typical mechanical and physical properties as it combines the reinforcements to obtain the desirable properties while restraining their minimum desirable properties. At present the composite materials assume a huge part in the aviation division, vehicle segment and other connected science applications as they uncover the power level to weight proportion and modulus to weight extent. Elite composites created from glass, kenaf, banana and graphene filaments are utilized in polymeric networks broadly as application in aviation and space vehicle innovation. In the present study, the hybrid nano composite laminates were prepared with different weight percentage of graphene as nano filler and reinforcing material as kenaf, banana and glass fiber with epoxy resin. The results shows that by adding the graphene in epoxy resin improves the mechanical properties of hybrid nano composites and also found that the performance of kenaf/glass fiber hybrid nano composites is better than the banana/glass fiber hybrid nano composites.

Analogy and Comparative Study of Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (HPMC) Biopolymer with Graphene Oxide and Zinc Oxide Nano Fillers

Present study describes the analogy and comparative study of polymer nanocomposites with the known polymer matrix hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) incorporated with graphene oxide (GO) and zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles as nano fillers. The polymer nanocomposite films were carried out using solution casting method and characterized by IR spectroscopy, XRD analysis, mechanical properties, thermal characterization and optical microscopy analysis. There were several changes in the HPMC polymer by the addition of nanoparticles of GO and ZnO in structural, thermal, mechanical and optical properties. The thermal stability of the composite films increased as compared with the pure HPMC whereas the mechanical study shows a variation of down values.

Mechanical and wear behaviour of graphite nano filler reinforced Al 6061 composites

In this present work Aluminium 6061-Graphite Nano filler composites are developed with varying percentages of Graphite Nano filler. The Aluminium 6061-Nano Graphite composites are prepared by hot extrusion method. The mechanical properties such as Tensile strength, Compressive strength and Hardness is studied experimentally. The wear behavior of the developed composites is studied using a Pin-On-Disc tester. Experimental results reveal there is considerable growth in Tensile strength as well as Hardness with the increase in Nano-Graphite filler content. Also, it is observed that the strength of the nano-graphite/Al 6061 composite is very good compared unreinforced Aluminium 6061. There is increase in wear resistance of the developed composites with increase in Nano-Graphite filler content. The improvements in properties are attributed to uniform dispersion of Nano-Graphite0filler and good interfacial bonding between Nano-Graphite filler and Aluminium 6061 matrix. The fracture study shows the transition of ductile fracture in case of pure Alumunium 6061 to Brittle fracture in Aluminium 6061-nano Graphite composites.

Processing and characterization of organic PU foam reinforced with nano particles

A flexible nano composite was synthesized using a mechanical agitator mixing process and reinforced with different wt.% of multi-walled carbon nano tubes, bamboo charcoal, and cupric oxide by absorption and hydrothermal reduction process. These foams have been studied and analyzed based on their physical behavioural property. The studies reveal that the nano fillers have brought exemplary advancements in the field of material science and application. Through the dielectric test, the determination of the electrical conductivity of the nano composite is done. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) has been used for observing the morphology, and images show homogeneity due to hydrothermal reduction process. The thermal stability of the nano composite foam was observed through Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA). A drastic improvement can be seen in the thermal stability and electrical conductivity by adding small amount of nano particle reinforcement in the organic PU foam.

Медьсодержащие нанокомпозиты на основе изотактического полипропилена и бутадиен-нитрильного каучука

The influence of additives of nanofillers (NF) containing nanoparticles of copper oxides stabilized by a polymer matrix of high-pressure polyethylene (PE) obtained by the mechanochemical method on the structure and properties features of metal-containing nanocomposites based on isotactic polypropylene (PP) and butadiene-nitrile rubber (BNK) is studied by X-ray phase (XRD) and differential thermal analyses(DTA). The improvement of strength, deformation and rheological parameters, as well as thermal-oxidative stability of the obtained nanocomposites was revealed, which, apparently, is associated with the synergistic effect of interfacial interaction of copper-containing nanoparticles in the PE matrix with the components of the PP/BNK polymer composition. It is shown that nanocomposites based on PP/BNK/NF can be processed both by pressing method and by injection molding and extrusion methods, which expands the scope of its application.