Nano Magnetic Research Articles

Synthesis and Characterizations of Nano Magnetic Particles (Co- Ni Fe2O4) Ferrite by Co-precipitation and Biomedical Application

Characterization of Cox-1Nix Fe2O4 nanoparticles (NPs) employing X-ray diffraction and fieldemission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) was accomplished simply by chemical coprecipitation,FTIR and finally the Magnetic Resonance Spectrometer (VSM), the singlephasecubic spinel structure in X-ray diffraction. In FESEM, micrographs of Co ferritesnanoparticles that are virtually spherical can be seen with grain sizes of less than 20 nm.Two absorption bands are visible in the FTIR spectrum, with values ranging from 400-600cm. These beams show that all of the samples have a ferrite spectral composition.Preparation of samples yielded M-H curves because of the tight turn, which means the papersamples are soft magnetic material in the VSM. Antibacterial activity of Cox-1Nix Fe2O4 NPsin limiting the development of isolated pathogenic bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and E.coli was studied to compare their effects with the traditional antibiotics used before. UsingCox-1Nix Fe2O4 nanoparticles, it has been found that the nanoparticles release ions into theenvironment, which interacts with the group (-SH) of proteins, resulting in the defection ofbacteria's cell membranes and the subsequent cell death.

Design and implementation of a nano magnetic logic barrel shifter using beyond-CMOS technology

Abstract Bit manipulation plays a significant role in high-speed digital signal processing (DSP) and data computing systems, and shift and rotation operations are crucial functions in it. In general, barrel shifters are used to perform these operations effectively. Nano magnetic logic circuits are among the promising beyond-CMOS alternative technologies for the design of high-speed circuits. Most of the existing circuits that have been developed using nano magnets are combinational circuits. In this work, a barrel shifter is implemented and realised using in-plane nano magnetic logic. The proposed design is the first of its kind nano magnetic logic circuit. The nano magnetic logic circuit implementation, layout generation, simulation, and validation were performed using the ToPoliNano and ModelSim tools. The logical equivalent design was synthesised and evaluated using the Synopsys Design Compiler tool. The proposed barrel shifter was realised using majority logic has 1769037 nano magnets with a boxing area of 481 × 13104 µm2 and 3276 clock zones after optimisation with the Barycenter algorithm. The proposed barrel shifter realised using Boolean logic has 315276 nano magnets with a boxing area of 265 × 5028 µm2 and 1257 clock zones after optimisation with the Barycenter algorithm. The proposed design results demonstrate that complex systems can be developed using nano magnetic logic by combining combinational and sequential circuits.

Synthesis of Biodiesel from Fish Processing Waste by Nano Magnetic Catalyst and its Thermodynamic Analysis

Synthesis of Biodiesel from Fish Processing Waste by Nano Magnetic Catalyst and its Thermodynamic Analysis

Modelling Study with an Interactive Model Assessing the Cost-effectiveness of 68Ga Prostate-specific Membrane Antigen Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography and Nano Magnetic Resonance Imaging for the Detection of Pelvic Lymph Node Metastases in Patients with Primary Prostate Cancer

BackgroundOutcomes of extended pelvic lymph node dissection (ePLND) show that only 16% of prostate cancer (PCa) patients harbour lymph node (LN) metastases. Ga-68 prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) and nano magnetic resonance imaging (nano-MRI) might be noninvasive alternatives for ePLND; however, it remains uncertain whether they are cost-effective. ObjectiveTo develop an interactive model to determine the cost-effectiveness of 68Ga PSMA PET/CT and nano-MRI as compared with ePLND for the detection of pelvic LN metastases in patients with intermediate- to high-risk PCa. Design, setting, and participantsDecision tree with state transition model for men with intermediate- to high-risk PCa. Input data was derived from systematic literature searches. Outcome measurements and statistical analysisQuality-adjusted life years (QALYs) and healthcare costs were modelled over lifetime. Sensitivity analyses were used to assess uncertainty. Results and limitationsAssuming 100% sensitivity of ePLND, no QALY loss after ePLND, and no treatment improvement due to imaging, the PSMA PET/CT and nano-MRI strategies seem to be less expensive per patient (€3047 and €2738, respectively) and result in loss of QALYs (0.07 and 0.03, respectively) compared with the ePLND strategy. PSMA PET/CT and nano-MRI are both cost saving and more effective when ePLND has a sensitivity of ≤60% and ≤84%, ePLND results in a QALY loss of 0.060 and 0.024 over lifetime, or the imaging techniques reduce recurrences by 26% and 8%, respectively. ConclusionsPSMA PET/CT and nano-MRI seem to be cost-effective compared with ePLND since they save cost, but at the possible expense of a small QALY loss. Our interactive model provides insight into the influence of important model parameters on the cost effectiveness of 68Ga PSMA PET/CT and nano-MRI, and the opportunity for updating the cost effectiveness when new evidence becomes available. Patient summaryWe developed an interactive model that can be used in shared decision making regarding the use of extended pelvic lymph node dissection, 68Ga prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography/computed tomography, or nano magnetic resonance imaging for lymph node staging in individual patients with intermediate- to high-risk prostate cancer. Owing to remaining uncertainty, we cannot yet give advice about the use of these techniques.

Ultrasonic Assisted Transesterification of Rapeseed Oil to Biodiesel Using Nano Magnetic Catalysts

In the present work, the effect of nano magnetic catalysts on biodiesel production from rapeseed oil was investigated. The produced catalysts were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and BET surface area analyzer and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). Ultrasonic irradiation utilized just for 35 min at different molar ratio of Li/Fe3O4 and Li/ZnO–Fe3O4. The highest yield 99.8% obtained while the molar ratio of catalyst was Li/Fe3O4 = 3/1 and Li/ZnO–Fe3O4 = 3/1. The vibrating sample magnetometer demonstrated that the catalysts could easily be separated due to ferromagnetic property, even if the catalyst was regenerated and used again for esterification. The superparamagnetic behavior of particles exhibited the high yield of recovery of catalyst after three time regeneration and applying in reaction. Moreover, the results revealed that using mentioned basic nano magnetic catalyst and ultrasonic waves at 37 kHz frequency could decrease the reaction temperature and reaction time and increase biodiesel production yield comparing with conventional mechanical stirring method. The specifications of produced fatty acid methyl esters like viscosity and flash point were complied with the mentioned requirements in ASTM D6751.

Use of Nano Magnetic Zirconia Phosphoric Acid as an Efficient and Recyclable Catalyst for the Clean Synthesis of Some Important Quinolone Carboxylic Acid Derivatives

Use of Nano Magnetic Zirconia Phosphoric Acid as an Efficient and Recyclable Catalyst for the Clean Synthesis of Some Important Quinolone Carboxylic Acid Derivatives

Real time visualization of dynamic magnetic fields with a nanomagnetic ferrolens

Due to advancements in nanomagnetism and latest nanomagnetic materials and devices, a new potential field has been opened up for research and applications which was not possible before. We herein propose a new research field and application for nanomagnetism for the visualization of dynamic magnetic fields in real-time. In short, Nano Magnetic Vision. A new methodology, technique and apparatus were invented and prototyped in order to demonstrate and test this new application. As an application example the visualization of the dynamic magnetic field on a transmitting antenna was chosen. Never seen before high-resolution, photos and real-time color video revealing the actual dynamic magnetic field inside a transmitting radio antenna rod has been captured for the first time. The antenna rod is fed with six hundred volts, orthogonal pulses. This unipolar signal is in the very low frequency (i.e. VLF) range. The signal combined with an extremely short electrical length of the rod, ensures the generation of a relatively strong fluctuating magnetic field, analogue to the signal transmitted, along and inside the antenna. This field is induced into a ferrolens and becomes visible in real-time within the normal human eyes frequency spectrum. The name we have given to the new observation apparatus is, SPIONs Superparamagnetic Ferrolens Microscope (SSFM), a powerful passive scientific observation tool with many other potential applications in the near future.

Synthesis of Pyrimidinone and 5‐unsubstituted 4, 6‐diarylpyrimidine‐2(1H)‐ones by Using Nano Magnetic Catalyst under Solvent Free Condition

AbstractNano magnetic‐supported sulfonic acid is found to be a powerful and reusable heterogeneous catalyst for the efficient synthesis of pyrimidinones. In this study we use various ketones such as acetophenone and cyclopentanone instead of β‐keto ester in one‐pot synthesis of pyrimidinone at biginelli like reaction. Our objective is to improve conditions for the synthesis of multicomponent reactions using nano magnetic catalyst under solvent free condition. A number of excellent and significant results have been developed that lead our perspective understanding the effect of the magnetic nanoparticles when they are used as catalysts.

The Flocculating Properties of Cationic-Starch-Graft-Polyacrylamide and its Nano Magnetic Modified Product

A series of Cationic-Starch-graft-Polyacrylamide (CP) copolymers have been synthesized in salt solution system under microwave radiation and modified by Nano magnetic Fe3O4 (NMCP). The two products were prepared as flocculants for coking wastewater treatment. The impact of CP dosage, NMCP dosage, PFS dosage, CTAB dosage and pH on flocculating effects was investigated. The result indicated that CP and NMCP could obviously improve flocculation performance without adjusting pH of wastewater. The optimal conditions were CP dosage 3 mg/L, NMCP dosage 20 mg/L, PFS dosage 1.2 g/L, CTAB dosage 60 mg/L. Under such circumstances, the removal rates of turbidity (NTU), chemical oxygen demand (CODCr) and colortity were 95.24%, 57.69% and 89.06%, respectively.

Physical Properties of Strontium Hexaferrite Nano Magnetic Particles Synthesized by a Sol–Gel Auto-Combustion Process in Presence of Non Ionic Surfactant

Physical Properties of Strontium Hexaferrite Nano Magnetic Particles Synthesized by a Sol–Gel Auto-Combustion Process in Presence of Non Ionic Surfactant

Synthesis and Characterization of Bimetallic Pd-Co Nano Magnetic Materials in Mesoporous Silica

ABSTRACTAn one-pot procedure was developed for the synthesis of mesoporous silica containing bimetallic PdCo using Pd(NO3)2 and CoCl2, and cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) as the templating agent, and tetramethoxy silane (TMOS) as the precursor. The materials were characterized using high resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy (HRSTEM), elemental analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and magnetic measurements. The data indicate that the bimetallic Pd-Co nanoparticles are uniformly distributed on the inner pore walls of silica. The magnetic measurements of reduced Pd-Co nanoparticles (4-5 nm) in mesoporous silica reveal a typical ferromagnetic behavior up to 20 K and exhibit superparamagnetic properties above 30 K.

Energetical Model Interpretation of Thermal Stability by Changing Direction of the Magnetization of Nano Magnetic Structure

The nonlinear dependence of magnetization on the direction of the applied magnetic field and history is described by statistical domain behavior using phenomenological adaptive parameters (like: g[1], h[A/m], k[J/m], and q that are related to anisotropy, saturation field, static hysteresis loss, and pinning site density). The loop simulation data could be used also as parameters for thermal stability equation to calculate the relaxation time of the stored information on any magnetic nano particles (dots) of patterned magnetic media.