N2O Emissions Research Articles

Traditional agricultural urease inhibitors encounter a low inhibition efficiency and a short duration of action. Therefore, the typical traditional urease inhibitor n-butylthiophosphoric acid triamide (NBPT) was modified by molecular docking and molecular dynamics and combined with machine learning methods in this study. Seven out of 79 designed urease inhibitor substitutes were screened with improved urease inhibition potential of 21.30-48.91% compared with NBPT. After using the improved G1 evaluation method, four were selected as alternative urease inhibitor substitutes, with a reduction of 22.30-47.40% and an increase of 25.30-47.71% in soil toxicity and the urease inhibition potential, respectively. In addition, through simulation of functional properties, it was found that the alternatives were expected to reduce ammonia volatilization rate by 65.16-76.81% and N2O emissions by 30.53-57.60% after application, and the soil half-life was 2.5 times that of NBPT. Mechanistic analysis of protein-ligand interactions revealed that the number of hydrogen bonds and π-π stacking interactions are the primary intrinsic factors driving the improved urease inhibition of the substitute molecules. This study provides a new solution for reducing nitrogen loss, lowering greenhouse gas emissions, alleviating agricultural nonpoint source pollution, and promoting the research and development of green fertilizers.

Providing an alternate electron sink to methane (CH4) is a crucial step in reducing enteric CH4 emissions. Comparing the effects of CH4-utilizing methanotroph bacteria (Methylococcus capsulatus; MC) and its combination with pure strains of rumen bacteria or mixed rumen fluid can offer biological insights into methanogenesis pathways and CH4 consumption. The primary objectives of this study were to investigate the impact of inoculating with M. capsulatus on the growth rates of rumen bacteria, including methanogens and mixed rumen fluid, as well as fermentation rates, ruminal gas production, CH4 emissions, and other environmental-impacting gases (N2O, H2S). Three experiments were carried out using in vitro ANKUM gas production systems (Exp. 1 and 2) and continuous recirculating flux chamber systems (Exp. 3). In Exp. 1, four strains of rumen bacteria-Streptococcus bovis [SB], Ruminococcus flavefaciens [RF], Methanobrevibacter smithii [MS], and M. capsulatus [MC]-were used to determine the effect of CH4-utilizing bacteria (e.g., MC) on specific growth rate, volatile fatty acid (VFA) production, and ruminal CH4 emissions in a combination with these bacterial strains. Results from Experiment 1 showed that MS produced the most CH4 among the strains. When cocultured with MC, no CH4 was detected, indicating that MC could utilize most of the CH4 produced in coculture with MS and other bacterial strains. There was little difference in total and cumulative gas production with varying MC doses (Exp. 2). However, in the presence of MC, CH4 production (percentage or g DM) decreased significantly (P < 0.01) as MC addition increased. Conversely, substrates containing both grain- and forage- based diets with MC increased N2O emissions per gram of DM (µg/g DM) or total N2O production (ppm), with treatment and basal diet interactions (P < 0. 01). In Exp. 3, using a continuous recirculating flux chamber system, CH4 flux significantly reduced (P < 0.001) over time in both basal diets with MC inoculum. However, fermentation rates varied between treatments and diets. These findings demonstrate that adding MC inoculum to in vitro rumen fermentation chambers significantly reduces CH4 emissions compared to controls.

Nitrogen removal and N2O emissions in anammox reactors: Influence of reactor design on process performance and microbial communities.

Over one-third of N2O emissions originate from water in large, shallow and eutrophic Taihu Lake, China.

Transcriptomic insights into reduced nitrous oxide emissions in one-stage partial nitritation/anammox process exposed to sulfamethazine.

Impact of freeze-thaw cycle on metagenomics in subsurface wastewater infiltration systems: Ecological implications for greenhouse gas emissions.

The effect of microplastic pollution on rice growth, paddy soil properties, and greenhouse gas emissions: A global meta-analysis.

Nanozeolite-coupled biochar-based phosphorus fertilizer decreases soil N2O emissions in a subtropical Moso bamboo forest.

Recent advances in variability analysis of N2O emissions from WWTPs and innovative mitigation/utilization approaches.

Insights into freshwater lake abiotic and biotic carrier biofilm nitrogen transformation and N₂O emission patterns: A 15N isotope tracing study.

Co-application of porous biochar and Fe2O3 in cattle manure and wheat straw composting: mechanistic insights into greenhouse gas mitigation and nitrogen transformation.

Removing macromolecular organic matter from biogas slurry prior to its application reduces organic N leaching and soil N2O emissions.

Application of a mitigation method for nitrous oxide emission in a full-scale Carrousel reactor: Carbon footprint assessment.

Impact of mussel farming on CO2, CH4 and N2O emissions in a coastal area.

Biochar enhances mitigation of CH4 and N2O emissions from rice fields under different irrigation and tillage managements

Greenhouse gas emissions and carbon budget estimation in constructed wetlands treating aquaculture tailwater: Insight from seasonal dynamics of dissolved organic matter and microbial community.

Optimal biochar amendment rather than N stabilizer addition simultaneously mitigates NH3 and N2O emissions in the hilly red soil of southwest China

Towards rational design of Cu-SSZ-13 catalysts with less N2O formation in NH3-SCR reaction: The effect of Brønsted acid sites.

The effects of traditional diesel aftertreatment systems on gaseous emission reductions from ammonia/diesel dual-fuel engine.

Southern urban forest converted from orchard abandonment: a potentially important N2O source driven by warm-humid climate.