Musculoskeletal Disorders In Students Research Articles

The effect of technology on the occurrence of musculoskeletal disorders in students of high school in Greece

Background: There has been a rise in the proliferation of technological devices across the globe. Many children use electronic devices from the age of 3 years old, especially mobile phones. The prolonged use of electronic devices has led to a distortion of body posture, leading to musculoskeletal disorders, including neck, thoracic, and back pain, and tendonitis of the upper extremities, primarily when using one hand. Methods: To prove the positive correlation between technology and musculoskeletal disorders and to answer the above questions, an online questionnaire was distributed to 120 students of high school from all over Greece. The questionnaire comprises questions from two standardized questionnaires, the internet addiction test (IAT) and the Nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire (NQS). In addition, respondents completed a medical history and supplementary questions about their physical condition and their attitudes when using electronic devices. Results: The results show that there is a positive correlation between long-term use of electronic devices and the occurrence of musculoskeletal problems in all parts of the body (neck, chest, lower back, hip, and lower extremities), as well as students who chose the wrong postures, had much more symptoms in contrast to the students who chose the positions with the greatest alignment. Finally, physical activity decreased significantly as the respondents' hours of using electronic devices increased. Conclusions: Uncontrolled use of electronic devices can be a factor in the onset of symptoms, but adopting correct posture while using the devices and the good physical condition of the students would significantly reduce pain.

Evaluation of COVID-19 Outcomes on the Musculoskeletal System Using the Extended Nordic Questionnaire

Background and Objectives: Musculoskeletal pains due to COVID-19 have disrupted the daily activities of infected people. Investigating these complications can give us more information to diagnose and treat patients early. This study aims to investigate the effects of this virus on the incidence of musculoskeletal disorders in students or employees with COVID-19 at Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), using the Extended Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (ENMQ). Methods: This cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted in 2021 on 107 people. The study participants were selected by convenience sampling from students and employees at IUMS. The inclusion criteria were testing positive for COVID-19, confirmed by a physician, and at least three weeks passed since the onset of symptoms. The exclusion criteria were having a history of an accident or events influencing the musculoskeletal system and being reluctant to participate in the study. We used a researcher-made questionnaire and ENMQ for data collection. Musculoskeletal disorders before infection and the incidence or worsening of these problems after infection were also recorded using ENMQ. Data were analyzed in SPSS software, version 26, using the Mann-Whitney U test and the Kruskal-Wallis test. Results: The highest pain frequencies before COVID-19 were in the shoulders, knees, and back, in this order. Also, the highest pain frequencies after COVID-19 were in the back, neck, shoulders, and leg, in this order. According to the study results, most patients had low pain in their back, mild pain in their neck and back, and severe pain in their knees before being infected with COVID-19. After the COVID-19 infection, low pain in the knee and mild and severe pain in the back were observed in most patients. In assessing the “pain impact on the functioning“ before COVID-19, the highest effects on daily activities were found in the back, neck, and pelvis, in this order. After the COVID-19 infection, the daily activities related to the back, neck, shoulders, and pelvis were reduced. Conclusion: Based on this study, the difference in right elbow function by gender, the difference in the intensity of right elbow pain by age, the difference in the intensity of ankle and finger pain, and the difference in the function of ankle and fingers on both sides by age before and after suffering from coronavirus were the significant variables of this research.

Prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders in students aged 13–18 years with the use of smartphones for online classes

CONTEXT: Smartphones are a common gadget used by individuals in day-to-day life for various purposes. Especially in the lockdown period, the use of gadgets increased tremendously for the purpose of attending online classes. Inefficient use of smartphones by students for attending online classes may lead to several long-term musculoskeletal disorders.AIMS: The aim of this study was to find the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders with the use of smartphones during online classes.SETTINGS AND DESIGN: Community setup, cross-sectional Study design.SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The approval of the Institutional Ethical Committee was obtained. Informed consent was obtained from the participants and a self-made validated questionnaire was circulated to 202 students through online mode.STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: This was a descriptive data analysis.RESULTS: Two hundred two students participated in the study with a mean age of 15.5 ± 2.58 years. The mean hours of use of smartphones for attending online classes were 4.81 h ± 2.18 h and the mean hours of use of smartphones for other purposes such as gaming and social media was 2.69 h ± 1.79 h. Neck pain showed the most prevalence among other joints which was supported by the finding that 34.74% of students complained of pain in the neck.CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders is common after smartphone use for online classes and was found to be in the neck, shoulder, upper back, and lower back.

Exploratory Study of Changes in the School Environment Influencing Musculoskeletal Performance in Students

Abstract Date Presented 04/13/21 Literature indicates a decline in musculoskeletal (MSK) fitness in school-age children. This study explored changes in Indiana schools over the generations that have impacted MSK performance. Rapid integration of technology was the primary change, with no corresponding adjustments in physical activity or physical environment. OTs can lead educational initiatives on ergonomics in the schools to promote MSK health and reduce risk of musculoskeletal disorders in students. Primary Author and Speaker: Priya Bakshi Additional Authors and Speakers: Sherrilene Classen, James Wersal Contributing Authors: Virginia Sisiopiku

Ergonomic position and musculoskeletal disorders in Hasanuddin University Dental Hospital, Indonesia

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are the single most common cause of long-term pain and disability affecting hundreds of millions of people, which have been reported to be work-related. Dentist is one of the professions with the highest risk of de-veloping this disease. This study aims to see the level of complaints, assess the musculoskeletal risk and attacks in students at the Hasanuddin University Dental Hospital. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 83 residents and dental interns. A struc-tured questionnaire was employed to gather data, the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ), Rapid Entire Body As-sessment (REBA) and Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA), Quick Exposure Check (QEC). The data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 22) with Chi-Square significance and Pearson correlation test. Strong positive correlation was found between the existing incidence and risk (r=0.832) and there was a very significant relationship between incidence and MSDs (p<0.01). It was concluded that there is a relationship between ergonomic position and musculoskeletal disorders in students at HUDH. The high prevalence of MSDs and the high level of risk, as well as the attack rate based on REBA and QEC indicate im-proper and incorrect ergonomic posture habits.

Assessment of Knowledge about Ergonomics and Determining Musculoskeletal Disorders in Dentists: An Original Research.

Background:Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are commonly occurring disorders nowadays. The present study was conducted with the aim of determining MSDs in dentists and to assess knowledge about ergonomics.Materials and Methods:This questionnaire study was conducted among 460 dental professionals of different age groups. Parameters such as posture of dentists, working alone or with an assistant, and number of breaks were recorded. Type of MSDs and the type and effectiveness were recorded.Results:BDS students were seventy, interns were 112, general dentists were 186, and specialists were 92. Year of practice was <5 years in 215, 5–10 years in 70, 10–20 years in 35, and >20 years in 140 students. Fourteen percent of students, 18% interns, 45% general practitioners, and 32% of specialists had a prevalence of MSD. Most common MSDs in students were upper back pain seen in 6%, in interns were upper back pain seen in 8%, in general practitioners were shoulder pain seen in 21%, and in specialists were hand/wrist pain seen in 10%. Forty-five percent of students, 67% interns, 72% general dentists, and 80% of specialists had idea about ergonomics. Seventy-four percent of students, 80% of interns, 83% of general dentists, and 87% of specialists think that ergonomics may improve performance. Sitting position was preferred seen in 53% of students, 58% of interns, 65% general dentists, and 60% of specialists. Forty-five percent of students, 47% of interns, 56% of general dentists, and 52% of specialists perform physical activity during work. The difference was found to be statistically significant (P < 0.05). Seventy-nine percent of students, 83% of interns, 86% of general dentists, and 88% of specialists show prolong sitting or standing.Conclusion:Authors found that all prefer to apply ergonomic in clinical practice. There is a lack of knowledge among BDS students and interns about ergonomics.

Correlation between Learning Comfort and the Risk of Musculoskeletal Disorder in Anatomy Laboratorium Activity Based on RULA Method

Objective: To describe learning comfort in the anatomy class of the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran as one of the learning facilities, to assess the risk of musculoskeletal disorders in students, and to observe correlation between learning comfort and the risk of musculoskeletal disorders in students. Method : A cross sectional research design conducted to the participants that were students from batch 2017 (second year), faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran as the population sample. Data were taken using a Likert scale questionnaire (very uncomfortable–very comfortable) about the comfort aspects in the class, meanwhile the risk of musculoskeletal disorders were assessed by using Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA). After data collection, there were 106 respondents with complete data, then the data were processed by using descriptive statistical analyses. The correlation between the two variables was analyzed using the Gamma correlation test. Result s: Majority of the students were very comfortable with the aspects of learning comfort (majority scale 5), except in aspects of furniture, work area, room aroma, personal storage area, maintenance and repair. A moderate risk level of musculoskeletal disorders (58.5%) was found in the majority of the students. There was a relative significant relationship between learning comfort and the risk of musculoskeletal disorders in the aspect of colors (γ=0.445, p<0.01). Conclusion : There is a significant relationship between learning comfort in the aspect of colors and the risk of musculoskeletal disorders. Other aspects do not indicate a significant relationship. Keywords: Learning comfort, risk of musculoskeletal disorders, RULA

A Study of Features of Backpack Carrying Methods by Schoolchildren: A Population-Based Study

Background: Nowadays, backpack is the best and most commonly used tool for carrying books and stationery by students. There are huge evidences which confirmed that carrying method of school backpack influences on the students’ health status. The aim of this study was to determine of features of backpack carrying methods by schoolchildren.Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 650 primary schoolchildren in Gonabad city (Iran) in 2017. Using both a made researcher’s questionnaire and observation, we collected the required data. The gathered data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 22.0). Results: The results showedthat 85.87% of student carried their backpacks in the incorrect way. Although 83.13% of the students used both straps of his/her backpacks, there was a backpack between the two scapulae in only 55% of the students. Besides, just 31.3% of their backpacks were attached to back of the respondents. In terms of appropriateness of the size between students and backpacks, only 40.1% of the students used a suitably sized backpack with their own body structure. The results of multiple logistic regression analysis showed that there were significant association between backpack carrying methods of the students and their age, gender, school grade type of school (governmental, non-governmental) (P<0.001). Conclusion: Findings of the study showed that most ofthe studentsdo not carry their backpack by proper method. Therefore, educational and executive interventions are necessary in order to prevent future musculoskeletal disorders in students.

Design and Development of an Ergonomic Chair for Students in Educational Settings

Background: Proper designing of chairs based on ergonomics increases efficiency, promotes quality of education, leads to correct posture in students, and reduces risk of musculoskeletal disorders. Objectives: The aim of this study was to design and develop an ergonomic chair, based on anthropometric data of students in educational settings. Methods: Anthropometric parameters were obtained from a stratified-random sample of 207 students. The data were analyzed using the SPSS 20 software, and the results were extracted as mean, standard deviation, and percentiles. The chair was planned in the CATIA software and developed by a three-dimensional print. Results: In this study, an ergonomic chair was designed based on anthropometric data from students. The seat height, depth, and width of the chair were determined as 44 cm, 42 cm, and 42.15 cm, respectively. The height of the desk was adjustable in 19 to 29 cm, and the depth and length of the desk were considered as 51 cm and 65 cm. The width and height of the backrest were also 54 cm and 44 cm, and the backrest angle was adjustable in 95° to 105°. Conclusions: An ergonomic chair with adjustable parts was designed to achieve a well-match between anthropometric characteristics of students and the furniture. Such chair can reduce musculoskeletal disorders in students. Some ergonomic characteristics of this chair include adjustability of footrest, backrest, armrests, and desk. A chair with such characteristic can be used by many students with different body sizes.

Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Disorders in Primary School Students in Abadan-Iran in 2014

Background If skeletal system does not have a correct form in childhood, certainly person will face many problems in the later stages of life. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of skeletal disorders in primary school students in Abadan, 2015. Materials and Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted on 383 primary school students in Abadan, Iran, which were selected by cluster sampling method. Data was collected by checkerboard and a demographic questionnaire. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software version 22 with descriptive methods and Chi-square test. Results The most common skeletal disorder in female and male students was drooping shoulders (81.7%) and scoliosis (85.4%). The overall prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders was significantly related to gender and age (P<0.05). Conclusion Due to high prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders in schoolchildren, screening programs in schools has been recommended for prevention. To reduce the rate of musculoskeletal disorders in students of primary school, identification and follow up of students at early stages of disorders seems a necessary solution.

The Relation between Risk Factors and Musculoskeletal Impairment in Dental Students: a Preliminary Study

Musculoskeletal disorders are common among dentists, 80% of the measurement results using the instrument of Body Discomfort Map and Brief Survey in Faculty of Dentistry University of Indonesia (FKG UI) showed that musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) mainly occur in the neck, shoulder, forearm, hand and back. MSD are the most common type of occupational dental diseases in Indonesia. Objectives: To know the risk factors asso-ciated with MSD in students in FKG UI. Methods: This type of observational study with cross-sectional design of the entire profession students who work in clinic FKG UI. Examination of MSD was using Cornell MSD questionnaires (CMDQ) and risk factors were measured using a questionnaire with closed questions and Diag-nostic Stress Survey. All data collected were analyzed statistically using chi-square test and logistic regression. Results: A significant relationship between repetitive movements of factors, awkward bending and twisting with musculoskeletal disorders (p<0.05) and the presence of a significant association between work stress fac-tors with musculoskeletal disorders (p<0.001). Then the logistic regression results indicate that a variable effect on musculoskeletal disorders is a movement in the work (OR 5.01; CI 90%) and stress of work (OR 7.47; CI 90%). Conclusion: In this study we can conclude that the relationship between the working and movement of factors of work stress on musculoskeletal disorders. DOI: 10.14693/jdi.v18i2.61