Municipal Management Research Articles

Spatial Modeling of the Relationship Between the Social Map and the Level of Educational Development in the Municipalities of the Luján River Basin, Argentina

This study aimed to determine the degree of association between the social map (Synthetic Economic-Housing Index—ISEH) and the level of educational development (Synthetic Educational Index—ISE) modeled for the municipalities of the Lujan River basin. The indices were constructed by applying multivariate analysis methods based on Geographic Information Systems (GIS), and the Exploratory Analysis of Spatial Data determined their links using a spatial decision support system (SDSS). The result facilitated the contrast of the proposed hypothesis. In this sense, a theoretical statement and a methodological tool are built from the cartography. The analysis highlights the importance of contextual variables and their incidence on educational development indicators since the spatial perspective provides the bases to support spatial decision-making at the municipal management level.

Policy mechanisms for interlocal service delivery: management perspectives in the USA and Norway

PurposeThis study comparatively examines the collaborative policy mechanisms for interlocal cooperation (ILC) utilized by municipal managers in Nebraska, USA, and Norway. The research addresses differences in ILC, factors of national setting and implications for ILC management in public service delivery.Design/methodology/approachOver a seven-year period, the researchers collected data from 16 communities in the two countries to observe perceptions and usages of ILC. Using a policy tools theoretical framework, the authors apply a typology of collaborative mechanisms for comparative analysis.FindingsThe findings suggest that institutional orientations in the USA and Norwegian systems of government affect managerial approaches to collaborative service delivery, namely the operationalization of local governments within federal and unitary structures may influence perceptions toward the formality and specificity of ILC policy mechanisms.Originality/valueThis study offers further understanding of ILC mechanisms for public sector management. Theoretical and practical implications of ILC in a comparative international context of governmental systems for collaboration are explored.

Strategic Human Resource Planning and Service Delivery in County Governments in Kenya

Strategic human resource management in public sector organizations enables governance arrangements that promote efficient service delivery. However, service delivery in county governments in Kenya gets stymied by both human resource and funding constraints. Due to contextual gaps in the strategic human resource management practises in county governments in Kenya, the study evaluated the role played by strategic human resource planning on service delivery in Kenya. The study adopted a descriptive design and systematically examined the HRM practises by sampling 140 respondents (47 county secretaries, 47 county directors of HRM and 46 municipality managers from municipalities based at the county headquarters of 46 counties) through interviews and questionnaires. The respondents were selected based on their operational and functional human resource management roles in various units in the 47 counties. The research instrument was validated through a review by a panel of supervisors and a pilot testing exercise. The qualitative reports indicated that the county governments can attract qualified and competent persons with critical skill sets to match the various job descriptions and optimally sustain service provisions at the county level. The correlation analysis indicated that service delivery positively correlated with strategic HR planning practises (r = 0.6510, p< 0.05) at 0.05 significance levels, while the regression analysis indicated that strategic HR planning practises explains about 41.61 % variance in service delivery with an effect size (β1 = 0.6451 (t = 8.97, p< 0.05). Based on the findings, the study concludes that strategic human resource planning practises hold a positive and significant potential impact on service delivery in county governments in Kenya. The study recommends proactive planning and proper structuring of the county workforce based on knowledge, skills, abilities, and other characteristics

Improving Solid Waste Management in Municipalities using GIS Analysis in smart Cities, Punjab

Improving Solid Waste Management in Municipalities using GIS Analysis in smart Cities, Punjab

Anti-corruption measures in large-scale construction projects

Abstract Accepted by: Konstantinos Nikolopoulos Corruption is affecting many developing countries, manifested often in construction projects. This study identifies the factors causing corruption and prioritizes anti-corruption measures in large-scale urban construction projects with empirical data from a developing country: Iran. The model consists of six main dimensions including 24 measures and was developed by systematically reviewing the literature as well as collecting primary data through interviewing experts. The model prioritizes the anti-corruption measures through an integrated method of the fuzzy best-worst method and fuzzy measurement alternatives and ranking according to the compromise solution. The field of corruption has a multi-faceted nature and inherent uncertainty, which necessitates this integrated approach for its analysis. The results reveal that the ‘lawlessness and deregulation in public construction projects’ and ‘top management and leader commitment’ are the most important causes of corruption. This study offers two main contributions. First, it develops a conceptual model to evaluate and prioritize anti-corruption measures; second, it generates practical solution for reducing corruption in municipal and urban management, thus enhancing the prospects of successful construction projects in developing countries.

ІНСТИТУЦІЙНЕ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ УПРАВЛІННЯ ПОБУТОВИМИ ВІДХОДАМИ

The article examines the main results of the legislative reform in Ukraineʼs municipal waste management sector. It identifies key issues hindering the effective implementation of new legislative norms, such as bureaucratic obstacles, insufficient funding, and the ongoing war. The roles of the national, regional, and local levels of government in the municipal waste management process are analyzed, highlighting the necessity of their interaction. The importance of coordinating actions among all stakeholders to ensure sustainable development and effective municipal waste management is emphasized. Ukraine’s Constitution, adopted in 1996, laid the foundation for a legal state and established fundamental principles of environmental safety, including the right to a safe environment and the state’s duty to maintain ecological balance. However, the previous Waste Management Law, despite being in effect for over 20 years, was ineffective due to a lack of systematic approach, poor coordination, and outdated infrastructure. In response to these challenges, the government initiated a comprehensive legislative reform to align with European standards and improve coordination. The new Waste Management Law, adopted in 2023, aims to address these issues. However, many necessary changes are still in progress, delayed by bureaucratic obstacles and the ongoing war, which has shifted government priorities towards national security. A critical challenge remains the coordination of actions between different levels of government and waste management entities. Effective waste management requires close interaction between national, regional, and local levels, encompassing infrastructure development, waste collection, transportation, and resource allocation. Such coordination is crucial for achieving sustainable development and environmental safety in Ukraine. The article underscores the need for special procedures to accelerate the approval of critically important environmental legislation. While international organizations often push necessary decisions, aligning national strategies with European integration and funding conditions, the active role of national, regional, and local authorities is essential. Improved cooperation and communication among all levels of government and stakeholders can significantly enhance the efficiency of municipal waste management systems in Ukraine.

Comprehensive analysis of municipal waste management in Bangladesh: embracing the 3Rs (reduce, reuse, recycle)

In Bangladesh, the main factors contributing to the increase in municipal solid waste (MSW) are population growth and rapid urbanization. The lack of effective waste management negatively affects the environment, human health, and the overall quality of urban life. This study focuses on the current state of municipal waste management organizations in Bangladesh and assesses their viability and sustainability. The primary objective of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the 3Rs–reduce, reuse, and recycle–as methods for waste management at the municipal level. The value of this research lies in its potential to inform both the waste management sector and policymakers about feasible approaches to achieve sustain-able municipal waste management. By promoting the implementation of the 3Rs in educational initiatives regarding waste management and disposal, the study aims to encourage sustainable practices and reduce overall disposal costs. The study employs a literature review, case studies from various towns in Ban-gladesh, and a primary survey involving local government officials, waste management experts, and the general public. Data analysis methods include frequency analysis, content analysis, and quantitative analy-sis. Key findings reveal that, despite growing waste management challenges, a majority of users in urban centers adhere to the principles of the 3Rs. However, there are significant implementation issues, such as inadequate infrastructure, insufficient health promotion, and poorly designed programs. To enhance the ef-fectiveness of the 3Rs in municipal waste management, the study suggests developing efficient recycling mechanisms, strengthening regulatory requirements, and fostering public support and involvement. The research underscores the importance of an integrated approach to waste management in Bangladesh.

Victorian Municipal Waste Management

Municipal solid waste management shapes public life at every moment, and it did so for the Victorians as much as it does for us today. Victorians were concerned about the sanitary risk unruly trash posed, but profit, not conservation or fear of hazardous waste, was the primary motivator behind all Victorian municipal waste management. Though the Victorian period is often characterized as a time when government and public works were becoming centralized, this was not the case with municipal solid waste management. Instead, a focus on the individual pursuit of profit meant that Victorian waste management was dispersed across society, with homemakers, recycling entrepreneurs, dustmen, and the very poorest members of society all playing a role. The structures Victorians built (or failed to build) to attend to their trash can help us understand how they ordered society. Waste management practices provide a microcosm of nineteenth-century British capitalism, class, gender roles, and imperial nationalism.

Territorial planning and management of municipalities with small populations: The relevance of the Master Plan and the suitability of the City Statute for municipalities with less than twenty thousand inhabitants

Resumo Os municípios brasileiros com menos de vinte mil habitantes passaram a ser considerados pela política urbana com a aprovação do Estatuto da Cidade (Lei federal nº 10.257/2001), que tornou obrigatória a elaboração de planos diretores para uma gama destes municípios em casos específicos. No entanto, a Lei federal provém principalmente dos problemas e demandas das grandes cidades, não considerando as especificidades dos municípios de pequeno porte populacional. Assim, este trabalho busca analisar a relevância dos planos diretores pós-Estatuto da Cidade para os municípios com até vinte mil habitantes, bem como a adequação do Estatuto da Cidade a estes municípios no que se refere ao instrumento do Plano Diretor. Como procedimentos metodológicos, foram utilizadas pesquisas bibliográfica e documental e estudos de caso de seis municípios brasileiros nas cinco macrorregiões do país. Concluiu-se que os planos diretores contribuíram para iniciar ou reforçar políticas de regulação do uso e ocupação do solo nos municípios com até vinte mil habitantes, principalmente nas suas áreas urbanas. Porém, as análises apontam para a necessidade de adequações e complementações no ordenamento jurídico federal para que o Plano Diretor seja mais efetivo como instrumento de disciplinamento do uso e ocupação do solo nos municípios de pequeno porte populacional.

A reforming municipal waste management model with the internet of things (IoT) for smart garbage tracking and optimization

Municipal waste management is crucial for cities as it enhances the urban atmosphere, conserves assets, and safeguards the ecological balance. An adequate and effective waste management strategy leads to significant environmental issues. The absence of dustbins, littering, and improper usage of dustbins create unsanitary conditions in cities and harm the ecosystem. The theft or destruction of the dustbins is a significant issue. This research uses deep learning-based classifiers with the Internet of Things (IoT) and a cloud computing approach to accurately categorize trash at the start of garbage collection. The research categorizes recyclable garbage into six groups: plastics, glass, paper or cardboard, metallic items, textiles, and other recyclable materials to aid future waste disposal. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) are used for trash categorization. This study tries to provide a basic answer to this issue via IoT technologies. A function will be added to the user's website to inform them about the present condition of the closest smart waste bins. This will allow users to locate and use the nearest bin if the one in their area is full. This research intends to enhance the safety of smart waste bins by securing the sensors and implementing bins with a concrete body to prevent theft and damage.

Avaliando a implementação da residência em medicina de família e comunidade na atenção primária

ABSTRACT Introduction: Family and community medicine (FCM) is the preferred specialty to be found in primary health care (PHC). The best form of training professionals for the specialty is medical residency, when at least 70% of the internship period is spent at this local. Thus, it is necessary evaluate the insertion quality of the residency in the PHC. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the quality of implementation of medical residency programs in FCM in PHC. Method: Use of a tool developed to analyze the implementation of FCM residency in PHC in small (up to two second-year residents), medium (two to five) and large (from six) programs, evaluating from zero to four points, from unimplemented to fully implemented. The grades were based on interviews with residents, preceptors, coordinators, and municipal managers, considering the fourth-generation assessment with Bardin’s analysis of the speeches. Results: Six programs were evaluated, in municipalities with 20,000 to 12 million inhabitants, ranging from one to 22 second-year residents per program, ranging from unsatisfactory (one program) to fully implemented (two programs). Municipalities with greater PHC coverage showed better implementation results. The lowest scores were in the items “permanent education” and “continuing education” and the highest in the presence of FCM specialists as preceptors. There is a difference in perception between the interviewees considering the same questions. The study suggests that municipalities with greater investment in PHC also have better residency programs, regardless of whether they are linked to educational centers or health secretariats. The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has also hindered health education. The results were also defined when different people were interviewed, demonstrating that the fourth-generation analysis is essential. Conclusion: It is necessary to observe the implementation of residency programs in PHC to ensure quality training, and not just quantity to provide care.

FOFA da residência em medicina de família e comunidade no estado de São Paulo

Abstract Introduction: Medical residency is the gold standard for training in Family and Community Medicine. In the last decade there has been a significant increase in vacancies without evaluating quality of the programs. Objective: To observe and qualify the perception of the residency preceptors in this area. Methodology: Application of a quali-quantitative questionnaire in the state of São Paulo, with descriptive statistical analysis and use of the SWOT matrix associated with the Donabedian Triad based on Content Analysis of the interviewees. Results: The sample consisted of 64 preceptors in 27 programs, with a median age of 37 years, consisting of 52% women. The most prevalent distribution is 2 residents per preceptor and 67% also work with undergraduate students. Of the sample, 56.7% have medical residency and 13.4% have degrees, in addition to 82% courses in preceptorship. The qualitative analysis indicates training in preceptorship and the increase in specialists as relevant points, but there is still difficulty with the organization of services and low support from municipal management. Conclusion: Although there are preceptors with adequate training, it is still necessary to increase their number considering the disproportionate increase in the number of vacancies to the installed capacity. Improvement of structural conditions and greater support from municipalities will be necessary, according to the perception of preceptors in family and community medicine.

СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЕ ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОЙ ПОЛИТИКИ В ЦЕЛЯХ ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЯ НАЦИОНАЛЬНОЙ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ РЕГИОНА

This article analyzes the theoretical aspects of educational development man-agement and develops recommendations for its improvement using the example of the activities of the Gorno-Altaysk city administration of the Altai Republic. The concept and types of educa-tion are studied, the specifics of municipal education management are determined. The regula-tory and legal bases of municipal management of education development are considered. The socio-economic characteristics of the municipality are given. The development of education in the municipality of Gorno-Altaysk is analyzed, and an assessment of the management of the city's educational development is given. Recommendations have been developed to improve the management of education development in the activities of the Gorno-Altaysk city administration of the Altai Republic.

Features of the demand for specialists in the labor market in the sphere of physical education and sports of the Russian Federation

The present investigation aims to evaluate the labor market indicators and qualitative characteristics of the need for specialists in the physical culture and sports industry of the Russian Federation. This study based on the analyze of official government statistics about staff persons in the physical culture and sports and data gathered from a questionnaire survey of organizations operating in the physical culture and sports in 59 regions of the Russian Federation. “Saint-Petersburg scientific-research institute for physical culture” (SPbNIIFK) carried out the survey in 2023 with the participation of 674 state and municipal organizations. The survey conducted using specialized software and a survey web service created by SPbNIIFK’s employees to collect, process, and analyze the data. The research revealed regional differences and indicators of the labor market with the identification of trends in demand for specific qualifications. The collected data may be used to support government and municipal management on personnel policy issues, to create suggestions for employers on attracting skilled personnel, inform job seekers and employees in the physical education and sports about trends in demand for various specialties, and to improve their market labor competitiveness.

Scaling up a home-visiting program for child development in Brazil: a comparative case studies analysis

Scaling up a home-visiting program for child development in Brazil: a comparative case studies analysis

Diagnóstico da gestão municipal no Chile: evidências da percepção dos principais atores

Abstract This research analyzes the quality management model aimed at improving the performance of local governments in Chile, an instrument promoted by the central government through the Undersecretary of Regional and Administrative Development (SUBDERE). For this study, a survey of primary information was carried out through interviews and focus groups with key informants. These participants included academics, experts, SUBDERE officials, municipal officials, and representatives of associations of municipalities. The information obtained was analyzed through the QDA ATLAS.ti software, using categories identified in the documentary review process and the primary review of the interviews and focus groups. Based on the data analyzed, we reviewed the specialized literature for elements that help to explain why a policy remains in force even though there is evidence that it does not contribute to improving the management and services of Chilean municipalities. In addition, we discussed the negative impact of this type of policy and the contradictory perceptions of both the beneficiaries and the many actors involved in the adoption and use of the quality management mode under analysis. Finally, we suggest public policy measures associated with implementing a comprehensive management system through collaborative and intergovernmental processes complemented with quality controls that optimize and modernize municipal management.

State capacity impact on COVID-19 mortality in Brazil.

This study addresses the State's capacity to combat the COVID-19 pandemic and contributes to the literature on crisis management in health care. We analyzed whether the capacity level impacted the State response to COVID-19 in Brazilian healthcare regions in 2020 using a set of statistical analysis techniques and public health impact analysis, including propensity score matching (PSM). Results revealed that a low COVID-19 mortality was associated with participation in municipal health consortia, schooling level of municipal health managers and the resources allocated by the Brazilian National Program for Improvement of Access and Quality of Basic Care (PMAQ). Conversely, the number of intensive care units (ICU) and life-sustaining equipment available were associated with higher mortality, as locations with a larger population concentrated operational capacity to treat the most severe cases. In conclusion, the different levels of State capacity in health regions led to different outcomes in combating the pandemic. This reinforces the importance of discussing State capacity and crisis management, since the COVID-19 confrontation in Brazil related to the level of existing resources concerning health system capacity, bureaucratic capacity and participation in consortia for sharing inputs and ensuring the provision of health services to the population.

Enhancing CO2 gasification-reforming of municipal solid waste with Ni/CeO2 and Ni/ZrO2 catalysts

CO2 gasification-reforming facilitates CO2 utilization and yields CO-rich syngas for municipal waste management. Catalysts are essential for enhancing syngas production via catalytic tar reforming.

Examining waste-to-energy technology potential through the pilot project of Bantargebang Waste-to-Energy Power Plant

Municipal waste management in Indonesia, particularly Jakarta, poses a significant environmental challenge. Jakarta has been relying on the Bantargebang landfill to address its waste disposal needs for many years. Due to the persistent accumulation of waste, the Bantargebang landfill nears its maximum capacity. In response, a Waste-to-Energy (WtE) power plant was introduced in Bantargebang, serving as a pioneering initiative for WtE technology implementation in Indonesia. The Bantargebang WtE Plant employs incineration technology to convert municipal waste into electricity. Despite its usefulness, there are general environmental concerns about WtE plants, specifically focusing on their emissions and the potential presence of hazardous substances This research assesses the Bantargebang WtE Plant’s performance based on 2022 operational data, specifically examining waste reduction efforts and comparing incineration byproducts, including FABA (Fly Ash, Bottom Ash), and flue gas emissions, against government standards. The study indicates the plant can reduce waste mass by 96.5%. Furthermore, the WtE plant’s byproducts align with government standards for flue gas emissions and FABA residue. These results emphasize the potential of large-scale WtE power plants to achieve sustainable waste management goals in Indonesia. Nonetheless, there are opportunities for maximising waste accumulation reduction performance and enhancing operational value of WtE plant.

Commentary on "Reflections on the Inclusion of Direct-Care Physicians as Educators in Community Hospitals".

The article by Sweigart et al. presents concerns, challenges, and proposals for the current situation, both nationally and internationally, and the need for a diversity of medical care practice scenarios that simultaneously develop teaching abilities. Medical education is now conducted outside the university-affiliated teaching hospital, often in the so-called community or general hospitals dedicated to patient care. In Brazil, most of these hospitals are under municipal or state management.