Multiple Tools Research Articles

Embodied, dramatizing performances in science class: multimodal spaces and places of knowledge and identity construction

ABSTRACT We explored the semiotic choices children in grades 1–6 made that nurtured embodied, dramatizing performances in science classes at urban public schools, serving predominantly students of color in a large US city. We studied how such choices in school and home settings (when instruction was remote during the COVID-19 pandemic) were implicated in the children’s knowledge and identity construction and related to available resources and positionings. Multimodality and social semiotics, social practice theory, and positioning theory were the three theoretical anchors that guided the study, along with sociocultural and sociopolitical framings of science education. The study took place in the context of the multi-year collaboration STAGE (Science Theatre for Advancing Generative Engagement) among teachers and university educators designing and studying pedagogies of embodiment as part of students’ engagement in school science. The ethnographic design of the larger research allowed us to engage over a school year with each class. The focus of this study is on classes of three teachers, who collaborated with a teaching artist, using data from video-recordings, fieldnotes, and conversations with students and teachers. The findings point to the generative nature of embodiments in terms of both the knowledge and identities that the children were constructing and the factors that shaped that generativity. These include (a) the resources available, (b) the children’s own particular interests and sources of excitement, and (c) the simultaneous use of multiple semiotic tools that offer different affordances for meaning making. The findings affirm that multimodal embodied performances children design and create in school spaces (classrooms and settings for larger school gatherings, like auditoria) and at home provide opportunities to desettle expected axiological, ontological, and epistemological norms that often dominate science teaching. The power of dramatizing and of performing arts is facilitating the development of connections, solidarity, and feelings among peoples and materials.

Multiple machine-learning tools identifying prognostic biomarkers for acute Myeloid Leukemia

BackgroundAcute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) generally has a relatively low survival rate after treatment. There is an urgent need to find new biomarkers that may improve the survival prognosis of patients. Machine-learning tools are more and more widely used in the screening of biomarkers.MethodsLeast Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO), Support Vector Machine-Recursive Feature Elimination (SVM-RFE), Random Forest (RF), eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), lrFuncs, IdaProfile, caretFuncs, and nbFuncs models were used to screen key genes closely associated with AML. Then, based on the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), pan-cancer analysis was performed to determine the correlation between important genes and AML or other cancers. Finally, the diagnostic value of important genes for AML was verified in different data sets.ResultsThe survival analysis results of the training set showed 26 genes with survival differences. After the intersection of the results of each machine learning method, DNM1, MEIS1, and SUSD3 were selected as key genes for subsequent analysis. The results of the pan-cancer analysis showed that MEIS1 and DNM1 were significantly highly expressed in AML; MEIS1 and SUSD3 are potential risk factors for the prognosis of AML, and DNM1 is a potential protective factor. Three key genes were significantly associated with AML immune subtypes and multiple immune checkpoints in AML. The results of the verification analysis show that DNM1, MEIS1, and SUSD3 have potential diagnostic value for AML.ConclusionMultiple machine learning methods identified DNM1, MEIS1, and SUSD3 can be regarded as prognostic biomarkers for AML.

Results of transanal irrigation in intestinal dysfunction associated with anorectal malformations.

There are multiple tools available to optimize defecation in patients with anorectal malformation (ARM), such as habits, laxatives, and retrograde or anterograde irrigations, which are usually adapted in a progressive and combined fashion. The objective of this study was to assess the incorporation of transanal irrigation (TAI) to constipation and fecal incontinence treatment in patients with ARM. A retrospective study of ARM patients with indication of TAI according to the colorectal pathology unit's intestinal management protocol from 2015 to 2022 was carried out. Following use for over 3 months, patients or their guardians completed a phone survey of our own approved by the ethics committee. 39 ARM patients participated in the study. Pathologies included 11 rectourethral fistulas, 6 rectovesical fistulas, 16 cloacae, 2 rectovaginal fistulas, 2 perineal fistulas, and 2 vestibular fistulas. 44% of them had a sacral index <0.4. 62% had constipation, and 38% had incontinence. Thanks to TAI, confidence and safety improved in a very high and a high degree in 89% of the patients, whereas time devoted to intestinal management decreased a lot in 68% of them. 79% reported a 9- and 10-point quality-of-life improvement. 92% rated overall satisfaction with TAI with a score of 8, 9, and 10 - 10 meaning "completely satisfied." 100% recommend TAI. TAI is a good alternative for the intestinal management of fecal incontinence and constipation.

A Comparison Study to Analyze the Data Acquisitions of iOS and Android Smartphones Using Multiple Forensic tools

A Comparison Study to Analyze the Data Acquisitions of iOS and Android Smartphones Using Multiple Forensic tools

CodonU: A Python Package for Codon Usage Analysis.

Codon Usage Analysis (CUA) has been accompanied by several web servers and independent programs written in several programming languages. Also this diversity speaks for the need of a reusable software that can be helpful in reading, manipulating and acting as a pipeline for such data and file formats. This kind of analyses use multiple tools to address the multifaceted aspects of CUA. So, we propose CodonU, a package written in Python language to integrate all aspects. It is compatible with existing file formats and can be used solely or with a group of other such packages. The proposed package incorporates various statistical measures necessary for codon usage analysis. The measures vary with nature of the sequences, viz. for nucleotide, codon adaptation index (CAI), codon bias index (CBI), tRNA adaptation index (tAI) etc. and for protein sequences Gravy score etc. Users can also perform the correspondence analysis (COA). This package also provides the liberty to generate graphics to users, and also develop phylogenetic tree. Capabilities of the proposed package were checked thoroughly on a genomic set of Staphylococcus aureus.

Self-Collision Detection and Avoidance for Dual-Arm Concentric Tube Robots

Recent studies on concentric tube robots (CTRs) have shown that they are well-suited for minimally invasive endoscopic surgeries. However, typical surgical procedures require the use of multiple tools simultaneously which has led to the development of dual-arm CTRs that are susceptible to self-collision. In this paper, a closed-loop control system for dual-arm CTRs is proposed to detect and avoid the inter-collision between arms along their entire body. The collision detection module finds the minimum distance between the manipulators in the Cartesian space. To avoid self-collision, the proposed control system using differential Jacobian-based inverse kinematics is developed with three tasks with different priorities; physical constraints, self-collision avoidance, and end-effector tracking. The performance of the proposed control scheme is investigated through implementation for Cartesian control of a dual-arm CTR to reach pre-defined target points in a simulated scenario similar to epilepsy surgery. The self-collision detection module successfully predicted all 359 self-collision cases in the target region. The experimental results demonstrated the efficacy of the controller in handling inter-collision between arms over their entire body by keeping the minimum distance between arms at 1.542 mm.

CoVProt: Toward a Mass Spectrometry Data Portal for COVID-19 Proteomics Research and Development.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has wreaked havoc globally. Beyond the pandemic, the long-term effects of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus in multiple organ systems are yet to be deciphered. This calls for continued systems science research. Moreover, the host response to SARS-CoV-2 varies person-to-person and gives rise to different degrees of morbidity and mortality. Mass spectrometry (MS) has been a proven asset in studies of the SARS-CoV-2 from an omics systems science lens. To strengthen the proteomics research dedicated to COVID-19, we introduce here a web-based portal, CoVProt. The portal is work in progress and aims for a comprehensive curation of MS-based proteomics data of COVID-19 clinical samples for deep proteomic investigations, data visualization, and easy data accessibility for life sciences innovations and planetary health research community. Currently, CoVProt contains information on 2725 different proteins and 37,125 different peptides from six data sets covering a total of 202 clinical samples. Moreover, all pertinent data sets extracted from the literature have been reanalyzed using a common analysis pipeline developed by combining multiple tools. Going forward, we anticipate that the CoVProt portal will also provide access to the clinical parameters of the patients. The CoVProt (v1.0) portal addresses an existing significant gap to study COVID-19 host proteomics, which, to the best of our knowledge, is the first effort in this direction. We believe that CoVProt is poised to make contributions as a community resource for proteomic applications and aims to broadly support clinical studies to facilitate the discovery of COVID-19 biomarkers and therapeutics with translational potential.

Financial Technology and Financial Inclusion in Remote Areas of Algeria. Analytical Study Using Data Mining

This study aimed to demonstrate how financial technology tools can be used to achieve financial inclusion by shedding light on the reality of financial technology and financial inclusion in Algeria, specifically in the remote areas of Algeria, as financial inclusion represents one of the main areas that economists and governments are trying to focus on to eliminate poverty. To reach the goal of the study, a statistical analysis method was adopted for the various questions asked to 200 participants in the survey during the period 2022–2023. A set of quantitative and qualitative data was used. The study population represents 200 individuals to whom the questionnaire was distributed. A data mining tool was used to analyze the study data, and the survey participants’ K algorithm was later used to predict the behavior patterns of people from a similarly contextualized community regarding financial activities. The study concluded that financial technology, through its multiple tools, changes the structure of comprehensive financial services, in addition to the diversity and style of financial services provided to individuals, which has enhanced and increased their availability to a broader social group that did not have access to them. It was also shown that there is a significant impact of financial technology tools on enhancing financial inclusion indicators. It is recommended to adopt effective and modern financial and technological strategies that provide marginalized social groups with reasonable access to financial services and products that meet their needs, including transactions, payments, savings, credit, and insurance. Therefore, obtaining the added value of data and investing it will increase financial inclusion indicators.

Evaluation of different screening tools as the first step of the GLIM framework: A cross-sectional study of Chinese cancer patients in an outpatient setting.

Ambulatory cancer patients are at high risk of malnutrition. Multiple nutrition screening and assessment tools are used in the outpatient setting. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of different nutrition screening tools as the first step of the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) framework in Chinese ambulatory cancer patients. A cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary hospital in China. Malnutrition diagnoses made by the GLIM framework using Malnutrition Screening Tool, Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool, Nutritional Risk Screening 2002, or short-form of Patient-Gernerated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) as the first step were compared with PG-SGA separately. Of the 562 included patients, 31.0% were diagnosed with malnutrition (PG-SGA: B + C), and 12.6% were diagnosed with severe malnutrition (PG-SGA: C). As the screening tool in the first step of the GLIM framework, the short form of PG-SGA (PG-SGA SF) with a cutoff value of ≥2 performed best in diagnosing malnutrition, with good sensitivity (SE) (80.5% [73.6-85.9]) and specificity (SP) (98.4% [96.5-99.4]) and substantial accordance (κ = 0.826), whereas PG-SGA SF with a cutoff value of ≥4 performed bestin diagnosing severe malnutrition, with fair SE (62.0% [49.6-73.0]), good SP (96.7% [94.6-98.1]) and moderate accordance (κ = 0.629). Using PG-SGA as the standard, the GLIM framework using PG-SGA SF as the screening tool has good accordance with the PG-SGA regardless of severity grading. PG-SGA SF can be used as a valid screening tool in the GLIM framework.

Representation of a Post-Fire Flash-Flood Event Combining Meteorological Simulations, Remote Sensing, and Hydraulic Modeling

Wildfires are an escalating global threat, jeopardizing ecosystems and human activities. Among the repercussions in the ecosystem services of burnt areas, there are altered hydrological processes, which increase the risks of flash floods. There is limited research addressing this issue in a comprehensive way, considering pre- and post-fire conditions to accurately represent flood events. To address this gap, we present a novel approach combining multiple methods and tools for an accurate representation of post-fire floods. The 2019 post-fire flood in Kineta, Central Greece is used as a study example to present our framework. We simulated the meteorological conditions that caused this flood using the atmospheric model WRF-ARW. The burn extent and severity and the flood extent were assessed through remote sensing techniques. The 2D HEC-RAS hydraulic–hydrodynamic model was then applied to represent the flood event, using the rain-on-grid technique. The findings underscore the influence of wildfires on flooding dynamics, highlighting the need for proactive measures to address the increasing risks. The integrated multidisciplinary approach used offers an improved understanding on post-fire flood responses, and also establishes a robust framework, transferable to other similar cases, contributing thus to enhanced flood protection actions in the face of escalating fire-related disasters.

Evaluation of Nutritional Status in Cancer Patients Underwent Radiotherapy: The Results of Biochemical, Body Composition with Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis, Anthropometric Measurements, and Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment

Aim: This study aims to evaluate the nutritional status and the effect of radiotherapy (RT) on nutrition in all ambulatory cancer patients. Material and Method: In this prospective observational study 105 cancer patients with various diagnoses treated between 2013 and 2014 were evaluated. All patients were ≥18 years old and had Karnofsky Performance Status ≥70. Anthropometric measurements, body composition with bioelectric impedance, and patient-generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) tools were used. The height, weight, body mass index (BMI), triceps skin fold thickness, mid-upper arm circumference, hemoglobin, and serum albumin levels were determined twice before and after RT. Additionally, nutrition-related symptoms and short-term weight loss results were determined by PG-SGA questionnaires. Results: The patients’ median age was 53 years (range, 18-82 years). At initial evaluation 74 patients were well nourished using the PG-SGA global rating. Malnutrition developed in totally 33 of these 74 patients after RT. The PG-SGA results after RT were significantly worse than before treatment. PG-SGA revealed no significant relationship between nutritional status prior to RT and the parameters including gender, age, mean weight, BMI, disease duration, pre-RT hemoglobin and albumin levels. Post-RT evaluation showed a significant relationship between deterioration (PG-SGA B-C) and mean weight, BMI, serum albumin, hemoglobin levels, and concomitant chemotherapy. Gastrointestinal and head and neck cancer patients had the most deterioration after RT. The patients' weight, BMI, fat-free mass, total body water, and the percentage weight loss at the end of RT were significantly lower than the initial assessment. Conclusion: It is considerable to use multiple tools for nutritional monitoring. Patients who received RT to the head and neck and upper abdomen region had a high risk of deterioration after treatment. These patients should be monitored carefully during all treatment periods.

SSIMS-Flow: Image velocimetry workbench for open-channel flow rate estimation

Image-based hydrological measurement techniques have surged in popularity over the last decade, with the most common type of data obtained being the open-channel surface velocity field and flow rate. The lack of a feature-rich image velocimetry software often forces practitioners to use multiple tools as part of a cumbersome workflow, which restricts the uptake of such methods and reduces the reproducibility of results. We present the free and open-source software SSIMS-Flow, which handles extraction of video frames, removal of geometric distortions, video stabilization, orthorectification, image enhancement, and velocity and flow rate estimation using the Farnebäck optical flow method improved with specific pooling techniques developed in this study. SSIMS-Flow performance is tested in two case studies and compared with known reference values and those obtained using industry-standard PIVlab software. In low seeding and tracerless conditions, SSIMS-Flow demonstrates higher velocity estimation accuracy, while delivering several times faster computational runtime.

Students’ mathematics and real life contexts in solving algebraic word problems

Background: Algebra involves rules of operations, signs of operations, equations, and algebraic structures. Previous studies have indicated that students often struggle with mathematics in both academic and real-life contexts.Aim: The main objective of this study was to explore how students handle word problems in both mathematics and real-life contexts.Method: The study utilized a cross-sectional design to examine these issues in the developing world, specifically targeting junior high school students in Ghana. A total of 200 students, comprising 91 males and 109 females from various public Junior High Schools, were randomly sampled. The research categorized problems into mathematics context and real-life context, with analysis further divided into 'attempt statuses' (either 'attempted' or 'not attempted') and 'performance statuses' (either 'correct' or 'wrong'). Follow-up interviews, each lasting 15 minutes, were conducted with three groups of both male and female students.Results: The results from the independent samples t-test revealed that the mean score for male students (M =15.37, SD =3.435) was not significantly different from that of female students (M = 15.35, SD = 3.619). It was observed that male students attempted all word problems, while some problems were not attempted by female students.Conclusion: The study concluded that there is no statistically significant difference in the ability of male and female students to solve algebraic word problems. The lack of attempts by female students on some items suggests a potential lack of understanding in context problems. It is recommended that teachers employ multiple representations, technology tools, and metacognitive strategies to help bridge these gaps.

Frailty assessment tools in the emergency department: A geriatric emergency department guidelines 2.0 scoping review.

Given the aging population and growing burden of frailty, we conducted this scoping review to describe the available literature regarding the use and impact of frailty assessment tools in the assessment and care of emergency department (ED) patients older than 60 years. A search was made of the available literature using the Covidence system using various search terms. Inclusion criteria comprised peer-reviewed literature focusing on frailty screening tools used for a geriatric population (60+ years of age) presenting to EDs. An additional search of PubMed, EBSCO, and CINAHL for articles published in the last 5 years was conducted toward the end of the review process (January 2023) to search specifically for literature describing interventions for frailty, yielding additional articles for review. Exclusion criteria comprised articles focusing on an age category other than geriatric and care environments outside the emergency care setting. A total of 135 articles were screened for inclusion and 48 duplicates were removed. Of the 87 remaining articles, 20 were deemed irrelevant, leaving 67 articles for full-text review. Twenty-eight were excluded for not meeting inclusion criteria, leaving 39 full-text studies. Use of frailty screening tools were reported in the triage, care, and discharge decision-making phases of the ED care trajectory, with varying reports of usefulness for clinical decision-making. The literature reports tools, scales, and instruments for identifying frailty in older patients at ED triage; multiple frailty scores or tools exist with varying levels of utilization. Interventions for frailty directed at the ED environment were scant. Further research is needed to determine the usefulness of frailty identification in the context of emergency care, the effects of care delivery interventions or educational initiatives for front-line medical professionalson patient-oriented outcomes, and to ensure these initiatives are acceptable for patients.

Pesticides luminescent sensing by a Tb3+-doped Zn metal-organic framework with selectivity towards parathion

Organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) such as parathion have extensive uses in agriculture and household applications. Chronic exposure to these pesticides can cause severe health and environmental issues. Therefore, a current ecological concern is associated with accumulating these noxious OPPs in food and water sources. In this work, a new Tb3+-doped Zn-LMOF (Zn-LMOF= (3D) {[Zn3(1,4 benzenedicarboxylate)3(EtOH)2]·(EtOH)0.6}∞) was synthesized by a solvent-free reaction between the Zn-LMOF and the salt TbCl3·6H2O using a high-speed ball milling. The Tb@Zn-LMOF was thoroughly characterized by multiple spectroscopic tools, including Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy, and studied in-depth as a luminescent sensor for a series of pesticides (parathion, malathion, methalaxil, carbofuran, iprodione, captan and glyphosate) in aqueous methanol. The Tb@Zn-LMOF is a long-lived green-emitting compound with luminescence originated by an efficient antenna effect from the excited energy levels of Zn-LMOF toward the 5D state of Tb3+ ions, as it is displayed by its strong emission bands at 488, 545, 585, and 620 nm and a lifetime of 1.01 ms upon excitation at 290 nm. Additions of pesticides to a neutral methanolic dispersion of Tb@Zn-LMOF modified its green emission intensity with a pronounced selectivity toward parathion within the micromolar concentration range. The detection limit for parathion was calculated to be 3.04 ± 0.2 μM for Tb@Zn-LMOF. Based on 31P NMR and mass spectrometry studies, it is attributed to the release of lanthanide ions from Tb@Zn-LMOF with the simultaneous formation of a Tb3+-parathion complex.

Polyhydroxy Fullerene for Synthesizing Noble Metal Nanoparticles

The redox properties of fullerene and its derivatives enable them to function as electron relays through either oxidation or reduction. Polyhydroxy fullerene (PHF), also known as fullerol or fullerenol, is highly water-soluble derivative and a well-known antioxidant. We have found that PHF is also very effective in reducing noble metal precursors and stabilizing metal nanoparticles by forming covalent M-O bonds. Traditionally, noble metal nanoparticles, such as gold are synthesized using a reducing agent like sodium borohydride (NaBH4) or sodium citrate at elevated temperatures and alkaline pH, with stabilizers added during nucleation to control the size and dispersion of the nanoparticles. While sodium citrate is sometimes used as a single reducing and stabilizing agent, it is not an effective stabilizer and is often replaced with polymers to improve colloidal dispersion. In contrast, PHF can be used as a single reducing and stabilizing agent for metal nanoparticles. The nanoparticles were synthesized by simply mixing the metal precursors with PHF in an aqueous phase and stirring at room temperature. The size and morphology of synthesized nanoparticles were characterized with high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, aberration corrected TEM, and dynamic light scattering. These nanoparticles were monodisperse with size ranging from 2 nm to 100 nm in diameter, which could be controlled by changing the concentration of the two reactants. We utilized multiple tools to investigate the mechanism of reduction and nanoparticle formation. We propose a kinetic agglomerate-dissociation mechanism to describe the formation of gold nanoparticles using PHF. Kinetic agglomerates form instantaneously upon mixing the two reactants due to electrostatic interactions. During the reduction process reactive carbonyl peaks were observed with electron energy loss spectroscopy. The carbonyl moieties were observed only after agglomerate formation and subsequently changed to Au-O bonds between PHF and synthesized gold nanoparticles, which was confirmed with Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and density-functional theory calculations, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Further, we demonstrated that the synthesis of gold nanoparticles using PHF can be affected by pH due to changes in hemiketal structure of PHF. Compared to citrate ions, PHF-coated gold nanoparticles are more stable, remaining so for over two years. The novel PHF-mediated synthesis method can also be applied to other noble metals like platinum, palladium, and silver and create bimetallic nanoparticles. The surface PHF coating on noble metal nanoparticles integrates the properties of both metal and carbon nanoparticles, resulting in superior functional applications. Our findings open up new opportunities for metallic nanoparticle preparation methods, properties, and applications.

In silico analysis of deleterious SNPs of human DCDC2 gene and their impacts on subsequent protein-protein interactions

DCDC2 is a clinically significant protein causing a number of neurological disorders and, hence, is an important protein for analysis. In this study, multiple tools were employed to identify missense SNPs that are harmful to the protein itself and destabilize the interaction of this protein with tubulin subunits. After analyzing all 378 missense SNPs retrieved from the dbSNP database, thirteen were found to have harmful effects on the protein, which are L20P, R23L, G25W, G25R, D26E, I36N, G60E, P68S, G83R, T174I, L179R, R186G, V208E. Among these, four SNPs- T174I, L179R, R186G, and V208E were suggested to be significantly destabilizing for the interaction of the C-DC domain with microtubule, and three SNPs- L20P, D26E, and G83R for the interaction of N-DC domain with microtubule. Based on the total ΔΔG value, SNP R186G and L20P seem most destabilizing for the interaction of the C-DC and N-DC domains. These SNPs are found to affect the protein negatively by analysis using several computational tools. Genetic association and protein-protein interaction studies focused on these SNPs can reveal new findings about dyslexia or other neurodevelopmental disorders. J. Bangladesh Acad. Sci. 47(2); 181-193: December 2023

Wild Edible Fruits as a Source of Food and Medicine: A Study among Tribal Communities of Southern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.

Botanical surveys in all parts of Pakistan are mainly focused on ethnomedicinal uses of plants, and very little attention has been paid to documenting edible wild fruit species (EWFs). Multiple methodologies and tools were used for data collection. In a recent survey 74 EWF species belonging to 29 families were documented, including their medicinal uses for the treatment of various diseases. The most cited (23%) preparation method was raw, fresh parts. The UV and RFC of EWF species ranged from 0.08 to 0.4 and from 0.02 to 0.18, respectively. In terms of specific disease treatments and their consensus, the ICF ranged from 0 to 0.38. Sexual, gastrointestinal, and respiratory disorders had the highest use reports, and 11 species of plants had the highest FL of 100%. On the basis of uses reported by the inhabitants of seven districts of Southern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, the CSI ranged from the lowest 1.3 to the highest 41. It is concluded that the traditional uses of EWF species depend mainly on socio-economic factors rather than climatic conditions or the number of species. However, there is a gradual loss of traditional knowledge among the younger generations. The present survey is the first baseline study about the socio-economic dimension of local communities regarding the use of EWF species for food as well as medicine.

Exploring the prognostic value of S100A11 and its association with immune infiltration in breast cancer

Breast cancer (BC) is a severe danger to women’s lives and health globally. S100A11 is aberrantly expressed in many carcinomas and serves a crucial function in cancer development. However, the role of S100A11 in BC is unclear. In this study, we utilized multiple databases and online tools, including the TCGA database, cBioPortal, and STRING, to evaluate the significance of S100A11 in BC prognosis and immune infiltration. We found that S100A11 was considerably more abundant in BC tissues. Survival analysis indicated that individuals with S100A11 high expression of BC had shorter overall survival. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that high S100A11 expression independently influenced the poor outcome of patients with BC (HR = 1.738, 95%CI 1.197–2.524). Our nomogram incorporating five factors, including S100A11, age, clinical stage, N, and M, was developed to anticipate the survival probability in BC prognosis. The model demonstrated good consistency and accuracy. Furthermore, the mutation rete of S100A11 was 14%. Survival analysis suggested that breast cancer patients with S100A11 mutation had a worse prognosis. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis revealed that S100A11 may be mainly involved in the IL-17 signaling pathway. Finally, we discovered a correlation between S100A11 expression and immune cell infiltration on BC. S100A11 expression was positively associated with 17 immune checkpoint-related genes. In conclusion, this study indicates that S100A11 may contribute to a worse prognosis for BC and potentially has a significant impact through its influence on immune cell infiltration and the IL-17 signaling pathway.

STOPPING OLDER PERSON GENDER-BASED VIOLENCE IN WOMEN 55+ THROUGH PROMISING PRACTICES: A SCOPING REVIEW

Abstract Background Intimate partner and family violence (IPFV) disproportionately affect women of all ages, but are often understudied in older populations. Older women also face numerous barriers to reporting these types of abuse. A scoping review was undertaken to: (1) synthesize current knowledge about the utility and suitability of screening and intervention tools for older women (55+) experiencing IPFV; and (2) identify existing policy, practice, and research gaps with regard to current screening and intervention tools. Methods A comprehensive search of the databases Medline, CINAHL, PsychINFO, AgeLine, ASSIA, and Sociological Abstracts was conducted. In addition, grey literature sources were searched using Google Scholar, ISI Social Sciences Citation Index, ISI Conference Proceedings Citation Index-Social Science &amp; Humanities, Dissertations &amp; Theses: Full Text, Canadian Institute for Health Information (CIHI), and National Institute of Health (NIH). After screening and selection, 42 documents were included for data extraction. Results There were five major themes that emerged: (1) older women were not the specific targets of the studies/tools; (2) screening and intervention tools should address health outcomes; (3) tools identified were used or developed for some diverse populations; (4) two or more tools were used in combination; and (5) intervention tools should focus on social support and empowerment. Conclusions Older women, especially those with intersectional identities, are rarely represented in studies of IPFV, and are even less frequently the primary focus. Screening and intervention tools should address health outcomes, social support, and empowerment. Effective screening and intervention may stem from utilizing multiple tools in combination.