Multi Way Research Articles

Does the shape of the field-of-view influence the magnitude of artefacts from high-density materials in cone-beam computed tomography?

To compare cylindrical and convex triangular field-of-views (FOVs) concerning the magnitude of artefacts from high-density materials in cone-beam CT (CBCT). Cylinders of amalgam, chromium-cobalt, titanium, and zirconia were individually placed in the anterior and posterior regions of a polymethylmethacrylate phantom and scanned using cylindrical and convex triangular FOVs of the Veraview X800 CBCT device. Using the Image J software, 15 square regions of interest (ROIs) were placed in the axial reconstruction around the middle level of the cylinder and at distances of 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 cm from the centre of the cylinder. Mean grey value and standard deviation of each ROI were averaged for each distance and subtracted from the values of a control ROI to calculate the magnitude of the artefacts by the grey value mean difference (GVMD) and grey value standard deviation (GVSD). Multiway analysis of variance with Tukey post-hoc test with a significance level of 5% evaluated the effect of the shape of the FOV, position inside the FOV, high-density material, and the distance of the artefact from the material. The convex triangular FOV increased the GVSD for all materials in the anterior and posterior regions at 0.5 cm compared to the cylindrical FOV (p < 0.0001). The convex triangular FOV showed greater GVMD for chromium-cobalt and zirconium in the anterior region and all materials in the posterior region at all distances (p < 0.0001). The FOV shape influences the magnitude of artefacts from high-density materials. The convex triangular FOV showed greater artefact magnitude with variability among the high-density materials, region in the FOV, and distance from the material.

Share, Comment, and Like on Facebook and Message Strategies of Non-Governmental organizations

The scope of this study is to examine the relationship between message strategies and stakeholders’ responses on Facebook. Data on 20 non-governmental organizations’ Facebook pages was collected by simple random sampling to examine their communication practices on social media. It was found that those organizations were more likely to adopt Public Information (PI) model to transmit information to their stakeholders. Organizational messages based on Two-way symmetry model (TWS) can generate the greatest number of Likes which is significantly larger than Press Agentry (PA), Public Information (PI), and Two-way asymmetry (TWA) models. The multi-way (MW) model was proposed in order to extend Grung &amp; Hunt’s framework in the digital era.

Design of Multi Way Charging Hover Board

The main aim of this paper is to develop a hover board, which can be charged through battery as well as solar panels. It is a two way charging hover board. This kind of vehicle is interesting since it contains a lot of technology considered as a solution for future needs of the world relevant to an environment friendly and energy efficient transportation industry. The hover board consists of a metal frame on which the hardware is assembled in such a way that it works on the principle of balancing robot. The user have to stand on the segway and by applying the pressure, the infrared signals gets blocked by the pedal sensor and then the signal is given to the mother board to control the speed. The natural movements of the rider (lean forwards or backwards in combination) should be the rider input required to ride the vehicle (self-balancing personal transporter) consisting of two motorized wheels connected to a pair of articulated pads on which the rider places their feet and applies pressure for the movement of vehicle. The rider has to control the speed by leaning forward or backward and for turns by twisting the pads. The solar panels are connected to voltage booster circuit so as to charge the battery naturally and minimizing the use of fuel for short distance travelling.

Gênero meme produzido como narrativa multissemiótica a partir da triangulação entre diferentes gêneros do discurso

Este trabalho apresenta um projeto piloto que expõe uma prática pedagógica com a intenção de propor uma nova forma de pensar a leitura depois da intermediação da tecnologia. Ele tem por objetivo analisar o sentido da leitura extraído da produção de uma narrativa multissemiótica proveniente da leitura do clássico literário Moby Dyck de Herman Melville. O público alvo são alunos do 1º ano do Ensino Médio Técnico do Instituto Federal do Sudeste de Minas Gerais ”“ Campus Rio Pomba[1]. O estudo utilizou a tradução intersemiótica como recurso didático técnico para a formação leitora. A utilização da representação imagética justificou ”“ se por oportunizar a produção de novas linguagens mediada pela máquina. A prática analisou o clássico literário Moby Dyck de Herman Melville associados em diferentes gêneros e formato: resumo, imagem e meme. Na análise dos dados foram usadas as conceituações sobre Tradução Intersemiótica conforme Plaza (2003); a teoria do Gênero Discursivo consoante Bakhtin (1997 [1929]) e o conceito da Pedagogia de Multiletramentos segundo o Grupo de Nova Londres (1996). O resultado exibiu as múltiplas formas que a linguagem pode se enquadrar em prol da formação leitora. A conclusão se fundamentou conforme Plaza (2003, p. 210) no seguinte excerto: “[...] julgamos possível ser pensada a tradução também como forma de iluminar a prática.”&#x0D; &#x0D; PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Gênero Meme, Narrativa Multissemiótica, Gênero do Discurso, Tradução Intersemiótica, Formação do Leitor.&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; [1] Foi respeitado o nome da instituição, visto que a investigadora possui autorização para isto.

A hybrid generative-discriminative model for abnormal event detection in surveillance video scenes

Detecting anomalous events in densely pedestrian traffic video scenes remains challenging task, due to object's tracking difficulties and noise in the scene. In this paper, a Novel Hybrid Generative-Discriminative framework is proposed for detecting and localising the anomalous events of illegal vehicles present in the scene. This paper introduces a novelty in the application of Hybrid usage of latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) and support vector machines (SVMs) over dynamic texture at sub-region level. The proposed HLDA-SVM model consists mainly of three steps: first local binary patterns from twelve orthogonal planes (LBP-TwP) technique is applied in each spatio-temporal video patch to extract dynamic texture; then LDA technique is applied to the extracted dynamic textures for finding the latent topic distribution and finally, training is done on the distribution of topic vector for each video sequence using multi way SVM classifier. The proposed HLDA-SVM model is validated on UCSD dataset data set and is compared with mixture of dynamic texture and motion context technique. Experimental results show that the HLDA-SVM approach performs well in par with current algorithms for anomaly detection.

RELIGIOUS AWARENESS DEVELOPMENT BASED ON ADULT EDUCATION FOR CORRUPTION INMATES IN PESANTREN AL-HIDAYAH CLASS I SUKAMISKIN PENITENTIARY

This research was concerned about the development of religious awareness based on adult education for corruption inmates in Pesantren Al - Hidayah. The main objective is to describe development of religious awareness process-based adult education for corruption inmates in Pesantren Al – Hidayah. The literature review of the research comprised: religious awareness, adult education, penitentiary. This research was conducted through descriptive research and case study method with a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques used through observation, interview and documentation. Subjects in this research was a spiritual adviser, Corruption inmates and tutors. The research showed that the religious awareness was applied through a participatory, fair and equitable, transparent, learning need; Multi way communication, a variety of learning methods, pragmatic, problem-based in awareness and inoculation of belief, habituation, practice and reinforcement process; spiritual adviser role as a facilitative leader. Application of self-evaluation that suitable with the ability and condition of inmates

The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) in neurorehabilitation in Austria. Comparison of the healthprofessions occupational therapy, speech-and language therapy and physiotherapy / Die Internationale Klassifikation der Funktionsfähigkeit, Behinderung und Gesundheit in der Neurorehabilitation in Österreich. Vergleich der Berufsgruppen Ergotherapie, Logopädie und Physiotherapie

Abstract Introduction The International Classification of Functioning Disability and Health (ICF) provides the language and a framework applying a unified and standardized form to describe health and conditions related to health. Teams who work in an interdisciplinary and multi professional way, as it is the case in neuro rehabilitation, can profit from integrating the ICF. The aim of this paper was to show how well implemented the ICF is in Austria with occupational therapists, speech and language therapists and physiotherapists working in neuro rehabilitation. Methods The present paper is a follow-up project of the APPEAR study. An extended questionnaire, which has been sent to 109 therapists working in Austrian neurologic rehabilitation facilities forms the basis for the results presented here. Results 64 questionnaires were returned from occupational therapists, speech and language therapists and physio therapists and were used for evaluation. 50% of the therapists who answered the questionnaire (n=25) stated that the ICF has already been implemented in their institution. Therapists often applied ICF (n=35) when using common documentation systems. Additionally, therapists consider the ICF an aid to support interdisciplinary and multi professional work. The therapists also stated (n=27) that they are not satisfied with the ICF when inpatients become outpatients. Conclusions Many therapists answering the questionnaire consider the ICF an important tool for optimizing the rehabilitation process. Barriers contributing to hindering an implementation of the ICF should be eliminated in the future. In order to achieve that aim, institutions should provide time and financial resources to further the education of their employees.

Yield and Bunch Quality Component Comparison between Two-Way Crosses and Multi-Way Crosses of DxP Oil Palm Progenies

Breeding for hybrid DxP oil palm in many commercial seed producers has recently switched from simple two-way crosses to complicated multi-way crosses with the hope of increasing hybrid vigour and thus higher yield potential. The objective of this study was to evaluate the yield potential of the multi-way (MW) crosses as compared to conventional two way (TW) crosses in United Plantations Berhad. A trial was set up in 2004 where 20 crosses of both multi-way and two-way combinations were field planted and evaluated for six years after maturity. Palms were assessed for yield traits and bunch components through bunch analysis. Fresh fruit bunch weight for both types of crosses was significantly different with MW crosses yielding 37.11 tonnes per ha per year as opposed to TW crosses with 36.40. MW crosses had 1.46 tonnes oil per ha per year advantage over TW. High coefficient of variation (CV%) was seen for selected traits such as bunch number (BNO), average bunch weight (ABW), kernel, shell and mesocarp to bunch (KB, SB and MB), oil to dry and oil to wet mesocarp (ODM and OWM), as well as mean fruit weight (MFW). ANOVA showed that replicate (REP), year (Y) and progeny (ID) were significantly different (p≤0.01) for BNO and fresh fruit bunch (FFB) in both crosses but not significant for REP in ABW of TW. REP was not significant for all the traits except ODM whereas ID was significant for all the traits in both TW and MW. Phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variance (PCV and GCV) were low (<10%) for all the traits in both types of crosses with MW crosses showing higher PCV and GCV in most cases. Heritability for ABW, FFB, KB, oil to bunch (OB), SB and MFW were higher in MW crosses but lower for BNO, fruit to bunch (FB), MB, ODM and OWM compared to TW crosses.

Re-evaluation of the cost-effectiveness and effects of childhood rotavirus vaccination in Norway.

BackgroundRotavirus vaccination was included into the Norwegian childhood immunisation programme in 2014. Before implementation, rotavirus vaccination was found to be cost–effective from a societal perspective, but not from a healthcare perspective. Since introduction, new data on the incidence and economic effects of rotavirus disease have become available. We assessed early epidemiological effects of the rotavirus vaccination programme and re–evaluated its cost–effectiveness in Norway for the years 2015–2019.MethodsUsing a dynamic transmission model, we compared the epidemiological effects of the ongoing two–dose vaccination programme with Rotarix®, and a hypothetical 3–dose programme with RotaTeq® with no vaccination. A baseline cost of € 54 per fully vaccinated child was used. Cost–effectiveness was computed from a healthcare and societal perspective, using a decision analytical model. Data on healthcare use and costs, productivity losses and health utilities were based on published and own estimates. Uncertainty was accounted for in one–way, multi–way, and probabilistic sensitivity analyses.ResultsDuring 2015–2019, 114,658 home care cases, 34,571 primary care cases, 7,381 severe cases, and 2 deaths associated with rotavirus disease were avoided due to vaccination. Under baseline assumptions vaccination was cost–effective from a healthcare perspective with a cost per QALY of € 47,447 for Rotarix® and € 52,709 for RotaTeq®. The break–even price was € 70 for Rotarix® and € 67 for RotaTeq®. Vaccination was cost–saving from the societal perspective, and also from a healthcare perspective for vaccine prices below € 25 and € 22 per vaccinated child for Rotarix® and RotaTeq®, respectively.ConclusionOngoing childhood rotavirus vaccination in Norway has reduced the rotavirus disease burden substantially, and is cost–effective compared with no vaccination.

Quarter wavelength combiner for an 8.5kW solid state amplifier and conceptual study of hybrid combiners

Experimental results to combine ten 900W solid state amplifier modules based on typical quarter wavelength 10-way combiners are described for a total of 8.5kW RF power output at 500 MHz. The power gain and phase distribution among the ten modules are measured and calculated to sense the combination efficiency. The combination efficiency of 100 modules differing in power gain and phase distribution is theoretically analysed. Groups of 5, 10, 25, 50 and 100 units are used in 4, 3, 2, and 1-stage power combination for total 100 units and the characteristics are calculated and investigated, including bandwidth, efficiency and even redundancy under various output VSWR levels. To simplify combining complexity and to eliminate the drawbacks of single stage combiners, a multi way 2-stage coaxial to waveguide combiner is thus proposed as an expandable power combiner.

Reducing the Distance Calculations when Searching an M‑Tree

Recent years have brought rising interest in efficiently searching for similar entities in a broad range of domains. Such search can be used to facilitate working with unstructured data such as genome sequences, text corpora, complex production information, or multimedia content, where queries always contain an amount of noise. In such domains the only common structure is a distance function obeying the axioms of a metric. As mostly no other structure information is available, a lot of distances have to be computed during the course of a search. Contrary to classical database indexes, where the optimization focus is on reducing the number of disk accesses (or in case of in-memory databases the number of tree traversal operations), a major cost driver in such multimedia domains is this number of distance calculations which can be very computation intense. There exists a range of index structures for supporting similarity search in metric spaces. A very promising one is the M‑Tree, along with a number of compatible extensions (e. g. Slim-Tree, Bulk Loaded M‑Tree, multi way insertion M‑Tree, $$M^{2}$$ -Tree, etc.). The M‑Tree family uses common algorithms for the $$k$$ -nearest-neighbor and range search. These algorithms leave room for optimization in terms of necessary distance calculations. In this paper we present new algorithms for these tasks to considerably improve retrieval performance of all M‑Tree-compatible data structures.

徽菇多糖的研究与开发

徽菇，其味鲜美，历来为徽菜中的上等食材。徽菇多糖作为徽菇中重要的活性物质，具有多种药理活性，其开发利用前景广阔。本文在对徽菇多糖相关文献进行深入分析的基础上，阐述徽菇多糖的研究进展，揭示了徽菇多糖产业发展态势。目前徽菇多糖的研究开发处于“发展期”，发展轨迹良好；但同时，徽菇多糖应用性开发的产业化不足，徽菇的天然资源优势未能转化为徽菇多糖的产业优势。作者在此基础上提出了徽菇多糖产业化开发的潜在产品群及其产业化前景，以期为徽菇资源的多途径利用开发，提升徽菇资源价值提供思路。 As a mountain treasure, Anhui mushrooms (AM) have stood in the finest raw materials due to its palatable nature. As a critical and active substance, AM polysaccharide has a variety of pharmacological activities and bright prospect for development and utilization. Based on the analysis of the relevant literature for AM polysaccharide, herein we describe the research progress of AM polysaccharide as well as reveal its industrial development and utilization. It is suggested that at present the research and development of AM polysaccharide is in the “evolution period” with superb potential. Whereas meanwhile, AM polysaccharide lacked development at the industrialization, and its natural resources have not been transformed into industry advantage. On the basis of above, this study puts forward the potential product group and its industrialization development prospect of AM polysaccharide, and anticipates developing and utilizing AM resources in multi way, subsequently providing useful ideas and for improving AM resources value.

Multiaspect measurement analysis of breaking energy recovery

Nowadays the issue of electric energy saving in public transport is becoming a key area of interest, which is connected both with a growth of environmental awareness in the society and an increase in the prices of fuel and electricity. That is why the reduction of energy consumption by increasing electrified urban transport, such as trams, trolleybuses, light rail and underground is becoming an increasingly important issue. Energy recovery during braking is possible in all modern electric vehicles, but in many cases this possibility is not fully taken advantage of, inter alia, because of an inadequate power supply structure. The aim of this article is to present practical examples of implementation of eco-friendly solutions in urban municipal transport. The article shows a thorough analysis of braking energy dispatch in the urban traction power supply system, which was based on extensive measurement research conducted in Gdynia trolleybus network. The authors applied multi way measurement method using Global Positioning System. The optimal conditions for implementation of several methods of energy recovery (storage energy systems, reconfiguration of supply system, using auxiliaries) have been shown. Great emphasis has been put on the confirmation of the results by means of research and experimental measurement.

Sensor Node Failure Detection using Multiway Tree based Round Trip Path in Wireless Sensor Networks

To upgrade the Quality of Services among the sensor node correspondence in WSN, the recognizing confirmation of sensor node range, ID of reduced sensor nodes, amounts of sensor nodes included, recognizable proof of issue nodes are the over the top testing civil argument. The main objective of this work is to identify the faulty node, its readings, detection of the malfunctioning nodes. Round Trip Path is used to evaluate the Round Trip Delay time with which the information about the sensor nodes is accomplished. In perspective of the round trek deferral time esteem, the deficiency node is diagnosed. The detection of the faulty node is determined by the previous work but the obtained path for the detection is more. In the proposed Multi way Tree based Round Trip Path (MTrTP) system, the faulty node is identified with less number of paths when compared to the existing work. In this method, the shortcoming sensor node is recognized, by measuring the RTD time of every single possible way and the results are appeared differently in relation to edge esteem. MTrTP system is had a go at using six at mega sensor nodes with Xbee Series2 ZigBee modules. By taking a gander at the distinctive results got using the RTD examination, MTrTP strategy exhibits that, it will give raised results in regards to number of RTP and investigation time. In this work, diverse gained results are plotted and the relating examinations are inspected. The plotted result of the existing work and the current work is compared. The proposed work has much more advantages when compared to existing because the number of path obtained and the analysis time for the fault node detection is less. Thus, the detection of the fault node is determined by the MTrTP algorithm. Therefore, the lifetime of the wireless sensor network, the degree of coverage and connectivity among the sensor network are increased. This work can be used for industrial automation and all WSN applications.

Advanced Feedback Encryption Standard Version-1 (AFES-1)

In this paper, Advanced Feedback Encryption Standard Version 1 (AFES-1), Nath et al have combined both bit-level and byte level operations on the plain text. Nath et al had recently published Multi Way Feedback Encryption Standard Ver-3 MWFES-3[5]. MWFES-3 is a byte level encryption algorithm. The authors have capitalized on the strength of MWFES-3[5] by introducing a bit-shuffling operation at the beginning of each iteration. At the beginning of each iteration, the plain text bits of that iteration are shuffled by using 24 different shuffling functions. Now, the order in which the 24 different functions are called, changes at each iteration, and that order is taken as a function of the key. After the initial shuffling of the bits, the bits are converted back to bytes and MWFES-3 is applied on the bytes. This process goes on Encryption Number (EN) times, where EN is also taken as a function of the key. So, at the beginning of each iteration, the bits obtained from the last iteration are shuffled in a different way. This method has been tested on standard plain texts such as ASCII ‘0’, ASCII ‘1’ and the results are quite satisfactory. This method is immune to any classical form of attacks. General Terms Encryption, Decryption.

Quantitative arrangement analysis of anodic alumina formed by short anodizations in oxalic acid

Abstract Fast Fourier transform (FFT) based quantitative arrangement analysis was performed for the model periodic structures. Number of pores, surface area and porosity of the structures influence the FFT-based regularity ratio. Elimination of these effects allowed one to obtain convenient tool for quantitative arrangement analysis of anodic aluminum oxide (AAO). Researched AAO nanostructures were formed in 0.3 M oxalic acid via two-step self-organized 15-minute long processes. Temperature of electrolyte was ranging from 35 to 50 °C and anodizing voltage was ranging from 20.0 to 60.0 V. The greatest values of regularity ratio were obtained for anodic alumina fabricated at 40.0 and 50.0 V. Defect analysis, performed with Delanuay maps, has shown that the lowest values of defects percentage were for alumina obtained at 40.0 and 50.0 V. This finding is in agreement with FFT-based regularity ratio. The lowest values of circularity, describing nanopores shape, were obtained for anodic aluminum oxide fabricated at 60.0 V. Multi way analysis of variance of the regularity ratio, defects percentage and circularity has shown that both: anodizing voltage and electrolyte's temperature influence the nanopores arrangement.

Determination of noise induced hearing loss in mining: an application of hierarchical loglinear modelling

The levels of noise arise from mining industry seem to be higher when compared to other industries. For this reason, noise exposure and noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) are prevalent in mining. Assessment of noise emission levels that arise from various mining operations is required to prevent and minimize the NIHL. Because the studies for preventing occupational hearing loss among miners are inadequate, a quarry and stone crushing-screening plant was selected to generate site-specific data. The noise levels of the environments in which workers work were measured and also a hearing test centre applied hearing tests to the workers. According to the hearing test results, it was determined that the part of workers have hearing loss. The main factors affecting the NIHL were assumed as experience, noise level, miners' age and occupation, and by taking into account the sub factors of the main factors, multi way contingency tables were prepared. Then hierarchical loglinear analysis method was implemented to categorized data; thus, the probabilities might effect NIHL was investigated. At the end of this study, it was found that the most risky occupation group was the drivers, and additionally, these workers were mostly exposed to 70-79dB(A) noise level. When the important interactions are evaluated, it is determined that 4-11years experienced crusher workers have high probability of NIHL because of high exposure to 90-99dB(A) noise level. Moreover, the most important interactions which may affect the NIHL were identified and the precautions to reduce hearing loss were presented.

Histological evidence for regional injury to the mouse intestine in heatstroke

Heat exposure is believed to contribute to loss of intestinal barrier function. In vitro, we have previously reported that regions proximal to the stomach develop greater permeability in heat. In this study we tested if in vivo heat stroke would result in morphological injury to the duodenum. Anesthetized mice were exposed to control (37° C for 2 hours) (N = 6) or heat stress (HS) treatment (39.5 °C with 0.5°C increases every 30 min until core temperature reached 42.4° C) (N = 6). After 30 min recovery, multiple regional samples were removed, fixed, sectioned and stained with H&E for light microscopy evaluation of intestinal morphology and tissue damage. Multi way ANOVA showed that HS mice had significantly lower villi height/crypt depth ratios (VH/CD) (P < 0.01). VH/CD was also highly dependent on region, with duodenum showing the greatest decrease and ileum showing the least (P < 0.01). HS mice also showed greater decreases in VH/CD across regions than control (P < 0.01). Histological analysis of intestines from in vivo experiments in HS add additional information to our previous findings in vitro experiments. In both cases, the results show that regions of the small intestine proximal to the stomach are more susceptible to damage. This has important implications regarding the origins of immunological responses to heat stroke and treatments for intestinal damage suffered during exercise in extreme conditions. NHLBI 53333

1A2-O03 ロボット用ジェットエンジンの研究開発(第1報) : 飛行ロボット用高信頼高安全性動力としてのタービン系エンジンの活用(飛行ロボット・メカトロニクス)

Turbine engine has been used as high reliability and safety engine on airline transportation. Safety of aerial robots is the most significant for social use of aerial robots. We have started the research of aerial cargo robot called the 3-dimentional-transportation robot (3DTR) in 2004. First flight of the 3DTR was successfully achieved on November 22, 2005. The 3DTR is consisting of flexible airfoil, twin micro turbo jet engine and a gravity center control unit. The 3DTR meets all the following requirement for safety; touchable (without any propellers or rotors), low down rate as same as parachute (below 1.0 m/sec), low stole speed less than 25km/h, multi way control system and so on. The most significant specification for safety is to use of silent turbojet engine for the thruster of 3DTR. In this report, results of the turbojet engine development for aerial robots are reported.

Evaluation of Occupational Fatalities among Underground Coal Mine Workers through Hierarchical Loglinear Models

Despite the all precautions, underground coal mining is one of the dangerous industries owing to fatal occupational accidents. Accidents are complicated events to which many factors effect on their formation and preventing them is only possible by the analyses of the accident occurred in past and by straight evaluation of the obtained results. In this study, hierarchical loglinear analysis method was implemented to occupational fatalities occurred in the period of 1980-2004 in the five underground coal mines of Turkish Hardcoal Enterprises which has the most important coal production areas in Turkey. The accident records were evaluated and the main factors affecting the accidents were defined as mine, miners' age, occupation, and accident type. By taking into account the sub factors of the main factors, multi way contingency tables were prepared and thus, the probabilities might effect fatality accidents were investigated. At the end of this study, it was found that the mostly affected job group by the fatality accidents was the production workers and additionally, these workers were mostly exposed to roof collapses and methane explosions. Moreover, important accident risk factors and the occupational job groups which have high probability to be exposed to these risk factors were determined and important information about decreasing the accidents in the underground coal mines were presented.